CHEMISTRY CATALYSTSFall 2011 – Week 11 (Periodic Table)

Catalyst (5 min) 10/16/12 Periodic Trends EQ: What happens to atomic & ionic radii when

you move across periods & down groups?

1. List other elements in the same period as Na.What do these elements have in common?

2. List other elements in the same group as Na.What do these elements have in common?Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ar Same energy levels

Li, K, Rb, Cs, Fr 1+ charge, reactive, 1 valence e-, gray metals

Atomic radius Unlike a ball, an atom has fuzzy

edges. The radius of an atom can only be

found by measuring the distance between the nuclei of two touching atoms, and then dividing that distance by two.

Ionic radius For an ionic radius, the distance

between the nuclei of a bonded cation (+ ion) and anion (- ion) is used.

You must know the radius of the other ion to determine it. Oxide is generally used.

Catalyst (5 min) 10/18/11 Periodic Trends EQ: What happens to electronegativity & ionization

energy as you go down a group & across a period?

Use your data from yesterday to answer:Which is bigger, Na or Cl?

Explain your answer.

Which is bigger, Na+ or Cl-? Explain your answer.

Ionization Energy Energy required to remove an

electron from an atom

Which atom would be harder to remove an electron from?

Na

Cl

Electronegativity Tendency of an atom to attract

electrons

Which atom would attract electrons more strongly?

Na

Cl

Catalyst (5 min) 10/19/11 Periodic Trends EQ: What trends exist as you go across

a period or down a group?

What is a trend? What examples of trends can you think of in your life?

How does the activity we did Monday & Tuesday relate to trends?

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 540

102030405060708090

100110120130140150160170180190200210220230240250

Rb

Sr

In

SnSbTeIXe

K

Ca

GaGeAsSeBrKr

Na

MgAl

SiPSClAr

Li

Be

BCNOFNe

Atomic Number vs. Atomic Radius

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 540

100200300400500600700800900

100011001200130014001500160017001800190020002100

Rb

Sr In

SnSbTe

I

Xe

K

Ca Ga

Ge

As Se

Br

Kr

Na

Mg

Al

Si

P S

Cl

Ar

Li

BeB

C

NO

F

Ne

Atomic Number vs. Ionization Energy

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 540.00.20.40.60.81.01.21.41.61.82.02.22.42.62.83.03.23.43.63.84.0

RbSr

InSnSbTe

I

KCa

GaGe

As

Se

Br

Na

Mg

Al

Si

P

S

Cl

Li

Be

B

C

N

O

F

Atomic Number vs. Electronegativity

Electronegativity

Atomic Radius

Ionization Energy

F is highestFr is lowest

He is highestFr is lowest

Fr is largestHe is smallest

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 540

102030405060708090

100110120130140150160170180190200210220230

Rb

Sr

InSn

Sb

TeI

K

Ca

Ga2Ge

As2

SeBr

Na

Mg

AlSi

P

SCl

Li

BeB C

NOF

Atomic Number vs. Ionic Radius

++ + +

-- - -

Catalyst (5 min) 10/20 /11 Periodic Trends EQ: How can I use periodic trends to

make predictions?

Compare the elements Ca and Se. 1. Which has the biggest atomic radius?2. Which has the biggest ionic radius?3. Which has the highest ionization energy?4. Which has the highest electronegativity?

Ca Se

Se Se

Writing Electron Configurations

sdf

p

H   He

Li Be 

  B C N O F Ne

Na Mg   Al Si P S Cl Ar

K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe

Cs Ba   Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn

Fr Ra   Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Uut Uuq Uup Uuh Uus Uuo

      Lanthanides La Ce Pr Nd Pm S

m Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu  

  Actinides Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am

Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr  

Color KeyAlkali MetalsAlkaline Earth MetalsTransition MetalsHalogensNoble GasesLanthanidesActinides