Chemistry11SolutionChemistryII

Name:Date:Block:

1. IonsinSolutions2. SolubilityTable3. SeparatingIons

IonsinSolutionsIonizationEquation

- Representsthesaltbreakingapartintoions.o NaCl(aq)àNa+(aq)+Cl-(aq)

- IfthesaltwereCaCl2.o CaCl2(aq)àCa2+(aq)+2Cl-(aq)

Practice:1. KOH

2. SrCl2

3. NH4NO3

4. Ag2CrO4

5. Pb(IO3)2

6. Mg(OH)2

7. BaCO3

8. (NH4)2SO3

CalculatingConcentration- Moleratiosrepresenttherelativeamountsofionsinsolution.

NaCl(aq) à Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq)

1.0M

CaCl2(aq) à Ca2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq)

1.0M

Keeppolyatomicions together

K OH Pb 2103

S t 2 Cl Mg 2 OH

NHL1t NO Ba t 032

z

2Agt Croy 2NHy t 505

1 OM l OM

1 OM 2 OM

Practice:1. 0.25MKOH

2. 0.75MSrCl2

3. 0.20MNH4NO3

4. 0.45MAg2CrO4

5. 0.60MPb(IO3)2

6. 0.011MMg(OH)2

7. 0.45MBaCO3

8. 0.50M(NH4)2SO3

Ionization+Dilution

ü A15.0mLsampleof3.0MHClwasaddedto10.0mLof2.0MCaCl2.Calculatetheconcentrationofeachioninthesolution.Assumenoreactionoccurs([H+]=1.8M[Cl-]=2.4M[Ca2+]=0.80M)

Kt OH Pb21030.25M0.25M 0.60M 1.2M

Iseat 129 Mga

1 2011

0.75M 1.5M 0.011M 0.022M

22

NHyt NO Ba 0320.20M 0.20M 0.45M 0.45M

2Agt 10042 2NHyt150320.90M0.45M 1 OM 0.50M

Vz 25.0f

J sHCl Cactz

C V Cz z C V CzVz3 OM 15.0mL Cz 25.0mL 2.0M 10.0mL ca 25,0

Cz3 15 Cz C225 25

1.8M HCl 0.80M Rack

HCl Ht Cl Cac Cast 02C1.8M 1.8M 1.8M 0.80M 0.80M 1.6M

we

IEIE.IE i nsIl

Practice1.Whataretheconcentrationsofbothionsina3.00MsolutionofH3PO4?([H+]=9.00M[PO43-]=3.00M)Practice2.Whatisthesodiumionconcentrationwhen250.0mLofwaterisaddedto125.5mLofa3.21Msolutionofsodiumphosphate?([Na+]=3.21M)Practice3.Determinetheconcentrationofeachionwhen45.0mLof7.20Mmagnesiumsulphateismixedwith35.0mLof0.900Mmagnesiumhydroxide.([Mg2+]=4.44M[SO42-]=4.05M.[OH-]=0.788M)Practice4.Whatisthemolarconcentrationofeachioninsolutionresultingfrommixing55.0mLof0.15Mpotassiumhydroxidewith75.0mLof0.25Mpotassiumsulphate?([K+]=0.34M[OH-]=0.063M[SO42-]=0.14M)IonsinSolutionsWorksheet

H POL 3Ht t 10043

3 OOM 9.00M 3 OOM

C 3.21M C V CzVz

V 125.5mL 3.21M 125.5mL Cz 375.5mL

2 1.07 MCzVz 375.5mL Nazpoy Nat POy2

1 07M 3.21M 1.07M2 Na3.21MT

JVz 80.0mL

MySOy EMgcott zC V CzVzC V CzVz7.20M 45.0mL Cz 80.0mL

0.900M 35.0mL Cz fo.onL

Cz 4.05M MgsoyCZ 0.394M Mg oh

Mg 4 Mg't t 5042 Mg OH Mg2 1 2 OH

4 05M 4.05M 4.05M 0.394M 0.394M gym

ILmgztj 4.44 S042J 4.05ML OH J O.IS

KOH KzS04c V CzVz C V Vz

0.15M 55.0mL Cz 130.0mL 0.25M 75.0mL Cz 130.0mLCz 0.063M Cz 0.14M

KOH Kt OH Kzsoe Kt 50420.063M 0.063M 0.063M 0.14M 0.28M 0.14M

2

Kt 0.34M OH J 0.063M 50423 0.144

SolubilityTableWhensomeionsarecombined,theycreateasolidàtheyareNOTsoluble(willforma_____________________________________)

SOLUBLEàDissolvesinwater;aqueousLOWSOLUBILITYàDoesnotdissolveinwater;solid(ppt)

Practice:1. Classifythefollowingsaltsasbeing

solubleorhavinglowsolubilityinwater:a. Sodiumphosphate

b. Aluminumhydroxide

c. *Copper(II)chloride

d. Calciumsulphate

e. Iron(II)sulphide

f. Strontiumhydroxide

g. Zincbromide

h. Cesiumsulphite

i. Potassiumchromate

2. Writetheformulaforthefollowing:a. Asaltcontainingcarbonatethatissoluble

b. Asaltcontainingsulphatewithlowsolubility

c. Acationthatformsasaltwithlowsolubilitywithbothchlorideandsulphateions

d. Ananionthatformssolublesaltswithallcations

precipitate

soluble

low solubilitysoluble

low solubility

low solubilitysoluble

soluble

soluble

soluble

ionic compound

032 0Lizcos NazCOs HzC03

Aga504 Cas 04 Basoy

Agt or Pbzt

Nos

Typesofchemicalequations:

FormulaEquation:showsthechemicalformulasofthecompoundsandtheirstates.

2KI(aq)+Pb(NO3)2(aq)à2KNO3(aq)+PbI2(s)CompleteIonicEquation:showsthesolublesaltsrepresentedintheirdissociatedform.NetIonicEquation:showsonlytheionsthattakepartinthereaction.Ionsthatarethesameonbothsidesoftheequationarecalledspectatorions.

Practice:1. Writetheformulafortheprecipitatethatformswhenthefollowingsolutionsaremixed:

a. BaSandMgSO4

b. NH4OHandFeBr2

c. H3PO4andZnCl2

d. K2CO3andCrSO4

e. MnI2andSr(OH)2

lowsolubility

2 ZI t PbYag 12 at 2KIant2No5

antPblgPbZtcagyt2ITagisPbIzcs

Formula Eavation

Bas gag Mgs04 rag MgSeas

2NH4OH cant FeBk can 2NHyBreast Fe oH

2 HzP04 can 32nd zag 6HCl can t 2nkPO4

Kzcozcag t 0504 as kzSOycas CrCOz

MnIz rag Sr OH 2cg Mts t Srizcas

2. Writeaformulaequation,completeionicequationandnetionicequationforthefollowingreactions:

a. Strontiumhydroxideandsilvernitrate

b. Magnesiumsulphideandzincchloride

c. Sodiumcarbonateandbariumsulphide

d. (NH4)2S(aq)+FeSO4(aq)à

e. H2SO3(aq)+CaCl2(aq)à

f. Copper(II)sulphate+H2SO3à

SeparatingIonsExample:AsolutionmaycontaintheionsCa2+,Sr2+andZn2+.Howwouldyouprecipitatetheionsoutofsolutionindividually?Describeyouranswerusingaflowchart.

• Allarecations-thereforeanadditionofananionwillprecipitateoutthesecations.

• “Lowsolubility”–meanswillprecipitateout.

1. Whichanionwillprecipitatejustoneoftheionsoutfirst?

a. Whichionsareleft?

2. Whichanionwillprecipitatejustoneofthetwoionsleft?

3. Whichanionwillprecipitateoutthelastionleft?

S2

Ca 5,2 1

OH will create a

Ppt with Cat

Sr215042will create apptwith Sr 2

1

Cat Sr2 1 2 2 1

Add N Cag

Cat S 2ns s pptAdd NaOHcag

5ft X Ca OH z Ppt

Add NazSOy ag

5504 s ppt

Practice:1. Foreachofthefollowingsolutions,describeaprocesstoindividuallyremoveeachion.Besuretolist

thecompoundsthatyouaddinorder,andthemethodofremovingtheprecipitate.Youmaywishtouseaflowchart.

a. Ag+Ba2+andBe2+

b. Br-,SO42-andS2-

c. OH-,PO43-andS2-

d. Cr3+,Ca2+andMg2+

SeparatingIonsWorksheet

Add NaIcaa

AddCaCN0dzcasBa2t.BeAGI Ppt Br Casa es pptAdd NazSO4Cast ARddaCN0s

zcag

Bez1 13504G Ppt X Bases pptAdd NaOHsaa Br

Be OH zcs ppt Add AgNOscaa

AgBresippt

I Add Sr Nos zcag Add NazSca

OH S2 Srs 0412cslpptqzt.mg CrScsippt

zOAddMg NOs zcas Add NazSOycas

gz XMgOH zcs ppt Mg2tX Caso yes ppt

Add AI Nos z ag Add NaOH cag

AlzSs s pet Mg OH zcs ppt