Chemical  Applicators  Short  Course  

The  A3erlife  of  Pes6cides:  Where  Do  They  Go?  

   

Julia  Crown  Crown.Julia@deq.state.or.us  

Kevin  Masterson  Masterson.Kevin@deq.state.or.us  

Oregon  Department  of  Environmental  Quality    

January  05,  2016  

Presentation Overview

•  Disposal of Waste Pesticides –  What are the requirements? –  Where can you take them & where do they end up?

•  On Site Management Practices – managing rinsate, materials, wastes and spills

•  How can pesticides enter environment? •  Water Quality & Pesticides

–  Recent monitoring findings –  Oregon Pesticide Stewardship Partnership Program

Pesticide Waste Management Requirements

•  First determine if pesticides are considered “waste” à still a “product” if legitimate use is viable option

•  Pesticide wastes fall under Oregon & federal rules –  Streamlined requirements for pesticide wastes if …

•  Meet conditions outlined in rules: –  Keep the waste in a closed, non-leaking container –  Label the waste container with the words “Pesticide

Waste” or “Universal Waste - Pesticides” –  Contain and cleanup any leak or spill –  Ensure delivery to appropriate collection site or facility

Where Can You Take Waste Pesticides?

•  County-Run Hazardous Waste Facilities or Collection Events –  Most county facilities that take household haz waste will

accept commercial wastes under certain quantities –  Small businesses and ag producers must pre-register and

bring in waste on designated days –  Most counties charge businesses and ag producers a per

pound or per gallon fee (except in Hood, Wasco and Sherman) - $1.00 to $2.00 per pound

–  Check web site to find out opportunities in your area: http://www.deq.state.or.us/lq/sw/hhw/hhwfacilitymap.htm

5

Milton-Freewater July 2014 30 participants 15,150 lbs.

Madras Nov. 2014 17 participants 10,467 lbs. Ontario

Oct. 2014 26 participants 10,560 lbs.

Coos Bay May 9, 2015 15 participants 11,244 lbs.

McMinnville Dec. 6, 2014 54 participants 39,218 lbs.

Hermiston Oct. 2014 14 participants 8600 lbs.

Waste Pesticide Collection: Oregon Pesticde Stewardship Partnership Program Pesticide Collection Events 2014-2015 9 Events: 235 Participants, 145,616 lbs.

Plus, sponsorship of 2 other events at permanent facilities in Hood River and LaGrande

Compare to WA State: >2.8 million lbs. since 1988

Medford Mar. 7, 2015 25 participants 10,585 lbs.

Dallas May 22, 2015 25 participants 23,970 lbs.

Cornelius* March 8, 2014 29 participants 15,822 lbs

* Partial PSP funding for locally-sponsored event in Cornelius

2015 – 2017 Pesticide Collection Events

•  Fall 2015 events held in Klamath Falls, Burns and Ontario in conjunction with household hazardous waste events à close to 15,000 lbs collected

•  Planned Pesticide Waste Collection Events –  March 4 & 5, 2016 – Grants Pass and White City –  2016 and 2017 - North Coast, Willamette Valley (TBD)

DDT: Developed in the 1940’s Banned by EPA in 1972

$1.15

$1.39

Waste Pesticide Collections Medford/White City March 7, 2015

10,585 lbs. collected

Managing Empty Pesticide Containers

•  Empty pesticide containers must be triple-rinsed before being recycled or disposed as solid waste

•  If product remains, manage as chemical waste (small containers will be “lab-packed”)

•  Where to take empty triple-rinsed plastic pesticide containers? –  Agri-Plas à Oregon pesticide

container recycler (503) 390-2381 –  Contact pesticide product distributors –  Some pesticide waste collection events

How Are Collected Pesticide Wastes Ultimately Disposed?

•  Most pesticide wastes are destroyed through high temperature incineration –  Facilities outside Oregon

that follow strict air and waste control permit requirements

•  A few types are disposed at hazardous waste landfills –  e.g., lead arsenate, other

metal-bearing wastes

•  Buy only what you need - use what you purchase

•  Reuse rinsates whenever possible as make-up water

•  Will distributor take back unused pesticides in original containers as reusable product?

Managing Common Wastes

Minimizing Pesticide Waste Generation

Best Practices for Managing Pesticide Product & Waste

Loading Pad with Curbing = Containment

Courtesy Michigan State University

Collect Excess Pesticide Rinsate for Re-Use

Secondary Containment for Pesticide Containers

Courtesy Michigan State University

Store Pesticide Product or Waste in in Original Packaging Whenever Possible

Courtesy Michigan State University

Proper Security and Signage for Storage Areas

Courtesy Michigan State University

Managing Pesticide Spills

•  Oregon spill rules apply to any spill of a hazardous material to the environment

•  If spill occurs, do the following: 1.  Activate alarms or otherwise warn

persons in the immediate area 2.  Undertake every reasonable method

to stop the spill and contain it; and 3.  If there is a medical emergency or

public safety hazard call 911; and 4.  Report the spill if required à approx.

25 gals of pesticides, but…. when in doubt, REPORT! 1-800-452-0311 – Oregon Emergency Response

Additional Actions to Take When Spills Occur

ü  Move away or upwind from the spill if you detect an odor and are unsure if it is safe

ü  Avoid contact with liquids or fumes. ü  Keep non-emergency people out of the area ü  If deemed safe, clean up what you can as soon as practical ü  Remove clean up materials to an approved facility or discuss

use or reuse with a DEQ cleanup project manager.

What are the Pathways for Pesticides to Enter Environment?

Spills à to surface or groundwater Leaching à from soil into groundwater Runoff à water transport to surface water Erosion of soil à sediments to surface water Aerial Drift à direct to surface water or runoff Volitilization à ambient air (e.g., soil fumigants)

Relationship of Surface Water and Groundwater

What Factors Affect Movement of Contaminants to Water Environments •  Soil type/texture (refer to soil surveys!) •  Permeability •  Topography •  Site conditions •  Irrigation practices •  Chemical application practices •  Physical/Chemical Nature of Pesticides •  Precipitation, Wind, Inversion conditions •  Soil management

Pesticide Stewardship Partnerships

Using monitoring data, voluntary collaborative actions, and local expertise to produce measurable water quality improvements

Monitor for current use pesticides in surface waters from drift & runoff

Identify streams with elevated pesticide

concentrations or high # of detections

Collaborate to implement voluntary management practices

Follow-up monitoring to determine improvements over time

Pes1cide  Stewardship  Partnerships  (PSPs)  Collabora(ng  at  the  watershed  level  Key  Steps  in  Partnership  Projects  

Pesticide Stewardship Partnerships in 9 Watersheds

3  Priority  “Bins”  :  2009  –  2015  Monitoring  Data  

Highest Priority (3)

•  Diuron (H): Karmex •  Chlorpyrifos (I): Lorsban •  Malathion (I)

Atrazine (H): Aatrex Carbaryl (I): Sevin Chlorothalonil (F): Bravo Dichlobenil (H): Casoron Imidacloprid (I): Admire Metolachlor (H): Parallel Metribuzin (H): Tricor Propiconazole (F): Propimax Simazine (H): Princep Sulfometuron-methyl (H): Oust

Moderate Priority (9)

Lower Priority

Includes a number of commonly used pesticides •  Examples: Pendamethalin, Hexazinone

Ø 2000-2008 – 15 organophosphates & breakdown products, plus two herbicides

Ø Since 2009 – over 120 herbicides, insecticides and fungicides

Ø Two new widely used herbicides added in 2013 (sulfometuron methyl, dichlobenil)

Ø Glyphosate (Roundup) and breakdown product added in 2014

Ø Metsulfuron methyl added in May 2014

New Pesticides Analyzed

PSP Monitoring Status in Western Oregon Watersheds

•  20+ pesticide ingredients often found during one monitoring season in single watershed

•  Relatively small number of benchmark exceedances, but high detection frequency

•  Wide array of ag and non-ag operations that use many of the same pesticides

3 of the 5 most frequently detected compounds = multi-use herbicides

What Types of Actions Have Been Implemented to Produce Results?

•  Spray Drift Reduction Trainings & Practices

•  Installation of Weather Stations

•  Use of Biological Controls (e.g., mating disruption)

•  Integrated Pest Management Training & Technical Assistance

• Use of Less Toxic Pesticides •  Buffer Strips & Minimize Spraying near Streams

•  Watershed Councils, SWCDs & NRCS –  Collect samples, work with landowners

•  OSU Extension and Integrated Plant Protection Center –  Watershed-based Integrated Pest Management & pesticide risk

reduction activities

•  Tribal Governments –  Collect samples, provide resource support

•  Grower Groups & Ag Chemical Distributors –  Direct work with landowners, info on pesticide use

•  State and Local Agencies –  Laboratory and data analysis, project support and guidance

Pesticide Stewardship Partnerships Key Partners

Success Stories Clackamas Watershed PSP Program (2014)

The Oregonian, December 1, 2014

A. OSU Extension: Orchard Spray Optimization & Calibration Project (Hood River, OR)

The Patternator

B. Yamhill SWCD: “Tunnel Sprayer” for spray optimization & drift reduction on small fruit

Technical Assistance in Existing PSP Watersheds 2014 Theme: Spray Optimization/Drift Reduction

C. Launched a Pesticide Stewardship Grant Program

Plans to expand to Wasco and Walla Walla PSPs

DEQ Pesticides and Toxic Chemical Information

Questions?

Contact: Julia Crown Crown.Julia@deq.state.or.us

or Kevin Masterson

Masterson.Kevin@deq.state.or.us