Chemical Reactions

The breaking down or building up of substances

Example of a chemical equation

Reactants Product

Na + Cl NaClThe arrow is like an equals

sign

When you breakdown a molecule you release energy.

NaCl Na + Cl Energy!

Energy Absorbed

Energy Released

When you make a molecule the molecule absorbs energy.

Energy! Na + Cl NaCl

Energy Absorbed

Energy Released

What does activate mean?

Activation Energy is the energy needed to start a reaction

Getting out of bed in the morning –

Energy is needed to activate yourself

Heat from a flame – Heat energy is needed to carry

out some reactions

A car has been running for a while you turn it off and

open the hood.You touch the engine what

happens? What does it feel like?

The reactions need a high temperature to run.

Why? What is heat? What does the

heat represent in this situation?

Reactions in your body also require a

high temp.

Does your body get as hot as the car

engine?What would

happen if your body was this

hot?

That is why we have enzymes.

Enzymes are proteins that lower the amount

of activation energy (the energy needed to

start a reaction)

The reaction also happens quicker with an enzyme since it does not have to build up as much energy to start the reaction (activation

energy).

Enzymes do not ever get used up. Enzymes do not die, but they can

denature (become unusable, ruined, no longer work)

3 Things can effect how enzymes work.

1. Temperature2. pH (acidic or basic)

3. Concentration (how many enzymes are working)

SubstrateMolecule that uses an enzyme

Active Site Folds in an enzyme where the

substrate fits

An enzyme does one of two things:1. Breaks the substrate apart

(releasing energy)2. Puts two substrates together

(absorbing energy)

When reactions are complete the enzyme lets go of the substrate(s)

Cells contain thousands of different kinds of enzymes.

Each promotes a different chemical reaction.

Not all cells contain the same enzymes.

How Beano Works: Complex indigestible sugars found in many plant products such as beans, cabbage, broccoli, onions, soy products, and others can ferment in your digestive system releasing gas in the form of flatulence. The enzyme in Bean-zyme breaks these sugars down into less complex sugars that the human body can digest, thus reducing or eliminating the intestinal gas formed. The enzyme is made from a safe food grade mold.