CHEMICAL REACTIONSChapter 10

10.1 REACTIONS AND EQUATIONS

The process by which the atoms of one substance are rearranged to form different substances is called a chemical reaction.

Subscript Yield

CH4 + 2 O2 CO2 + 2 H2O

Reactant Product

A chemical reaction has taken place when: -Temperature change-Color change-A gas is produced- An odor is produced- Precipitation is formedMatter cannot be created nor destroyed.

Coefficients are added to have equal amounts of reactants as products.

SYMBOLS

+ (a plus sign) separates two or more reactants or products

(an arrow) separates reactants from products.

(s) = solid state (l) = liquid state (g) = gaseous state (aq)= aqueous state or ( in water solution)

WORD EQUATIONS

Example: “ Solid iron and chlorine gas react to produce iron(III) chloride solid”

Skeleton equations= changing the word equation into symbolsExample: Fe(s) + Cl2 FeCl3 (s)

Don’t forget about your diatomic molecules=H2 N2 O2 F2 Cl2 Br2 I2

COMMON MISTAKES

Don’t forget to swap and drop Don’t forget roman numerals= the

charge Fe (III) = Fe+3

If it ends with an –ide its bonded Ex: Hydrogen Chloride= HCl

If it end with an –ine its just the element Ex: Chlorine= Cl2

EXAMPLES

Solid carbon and solid sulfur decompose to make carbon disulfide.

Skeleton=

EXAMPLES

Hydrogen gas and bromine gas combine to produce hydrogen bromide gas.

Carbon monoxide gas and oxygen gas combine to produce carbon dioxide gas.

EXAMPLE

Potassium chlorate(s) potassium chloride(s) + oxygen (g)

On your own do questions on pg 875 section 10-1 questions 1-8