Chemical Properties and Information Resources on · PDF fileChemical Properties and Information Resources on Hazardous Chemicals Elements, Atoms, and Compounds All matter, whether

Chemical Properties andInformation Resources on

Hazardous Chemicals

Elements , Atoms, and Compounds

All matter, whether a solid, liquid, or gas, is made up of elements. Thus far we have identi-fied approximately 115 different elements. Many of these are familiar to us (e.g., aluminum,iron, lead, sulfur, carbon, silicon), whereas many others may not be (e.g., rhenium, thulium,terbium). An atom is the smallest unit of an element that retains the properties of that ele-ment. When an atom of one element chemically combines with atoms of the same element,a molecule is formed during this chemical reaction. When the atoms of different elementscombine during a chemical reaction, a compound is formed. Our bodies are made up of ele-ments that form inorganic and organic compounds. Of the greater than 90 naturally occur-ring elements, approximately 99% of our body weight is made up of compounds contain-ing the elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, calcium, phosphorus, and sulfur.Simple inorganic compounds such as water and sodium chloride contribute to the largerportion of the mass of our bodies when compared with organic compounds, which are ofmuch greater molecular weight than inorganic compounds. We are all familiar with manyof the important compounds that make up the body (Figure 2.1).

11

2CHAPTER

38239_CH02_FINAL.qxd 9/24/07 3:59 PM Page 11

© Jones and Bartlett Publishers. NOT FOR SALE OR DISTRIBUTION

There are also millions of chemical compounds that have no physiological role in the body.There are greater than 6 million different chemical compounds that are known, with about80,000 that are in common industrial and household use. Many thousands of new organicchemicals are synthesized yearly. With just carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, forexample, numerous compounds can be formed, including some aromatic (=ring form) ones oftoxicological importance (Figure 2.2).

Mixtures , Suspensions, and Aerosols

The term mixture refers to any substance that contains more than one chemical compound orelement that has retained its individual properties. A mixture of alcohols, for example, may con-tain ethanol, isopropanol, and butanol all “mixed” together, giving the appearance of a singlesubstance. Each of the three components of this mixture is a pure substance, and each can be

12 C H E M I C A L P R O P E R T I E S A N D I N F O R M A T I O N R E S O U R C E S

Lipids Triglycerides

Fatty Acids

Glycerol

RNA

DNA

Nucleic Acids Nucleotides Nucleosides

Carbohydrates Polysaccharides

Disaccharides

Monosaccharides

Proteins Polypeptides Peptides Amino Acids

Nucleotides

Phosphate groups

ATPHigh-Energycompounds

Larger Compound Smaller Compound

CO

MP

OU

ND

FIGURE 2.1 Important compounds of the body. Source: Courtesy of the Toxicologyand Environmental Health Information Program of the National Library of Medicine,U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.



individually recovered from the mixture using appropriate methods. The term suspension refersto a mixture of liquid and small solid substances, whereas an aerosol (mist) is a mixture of tinydroplets of a liquid or tiny particles of a solid in a gas.

Ident i fy ing Chemicals

Chemicals have common names, trade names, technical names, and chemical formulas associatedwith them, which can often be confusing. Manufacturers frequently choose commercial names fortheir products. This is done for obvious marketing purposes because it is easier to remember aproduct by a simple trade name than a complex chemical name. The chemical formula uses theappropriate abbreviations for the elements that are contained in the molecules of the chemical in

I D E N T I F Y I N G C H E M I C A L S 13

NH

Isoindole

Fused five-membered

rings

O

Isobenzofuran

S

Benzo[c]thiophene

NN

N NH

Purine

NH

Indole

O

Benzofuran

SBenzothiophene

N

NH

Benzimidazole

NNH

Indazole

O

N

Benzoxazole

ON

Benzisoxazole

N

S

Benzothiazole

NH

Pyrrole

O

Furan

SThiophene

N

NH

Imidazole

NNH

Pyrazole

O

N

Oxazole

ON

Isoxazole

N

SThiazole

Five-membered

rings

Six-membered

rings

Benzene

N

N

NN

N

Pyridine

N

N

Pyrazine

Pyrimidine

Pyridazine

Fused six-membered

rings

Naphthalene

N

N

Quinoline

N

NQuinoxaline

N

NQuinazoline

NN

Cinnoline

Anthracene

Isoquinoline

NAcridine

FIGURE 2.2 Examples of aromatic structures of toxicological importance.



question, for example, sodium = Na, hydrogen = H, carbon = C, and oxygen = O. What I refer toas bicarbonate of soda may be called sodium bicarbonate by another person or sodium hydrogencarbonate by a third. We are all referring, however, to a substance that contains these four elementsthat are chemically combined into a compound containing the chemical formula NaHCO3. Inthis example, one atom each of sodium, hydrogen, and carbon and three atoms of oxygen com-bine to produce the compound. The chemical formula, however, may not be enough to indicatewhat the actual chemical is because several chemicals may share the same formula. Although thechemical formula tells us how many atoms of each element are contained within a compound, itdoes not specify the arrangement of these atoms. Different arrangements of the same types andnumbers of atoms result in different compounds. Each compound, as we will see below, is identi-fied by a different Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry number. For example, C6H8O3 is aformula that is shared by several different chemicals as shown in Figure 2.3.

The chemical structure is therefore important because it shows the arrangement of atomswithin a compound, allowing us to identify the compound. The chemical structure is vitallyimportant because it can provide important clues about the potential health effects from expo-sure to that chemical. Organic chemicals contain functional groups that can often indicate thetype of toxicity one could predict from their exposure. Examples of common functional groupsin toxicants are shown in Table 2.1.


O

OHO

O

O O

O

O

O

• 2,3-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3-furanone (CAS Registry Number: 3658-77-3)

• 2-Propenoic acid, oxiranylmethyl ester (CAS Registry Number: 106-90-1)

• 3-Methylglutaric anhydride (CAS Registry Number: 4166-53-4 )

• 7-Oxy-6, 8-dioxabicyclo-(3,2,1) - octane (CAS Registry Number: 5257-20-5)

O OO

FIGURE 2.3 Variations of the formula C6H8O3.



I D E N T I F Y I N G C H E M I C A L S 15

Table 2.1 Common Functional Groups*

Functional Group General Formula Suffix/Examples

Hydroxyl R−OH -olCarbon–oxygen bond (e.g., methanol, ethanol, propanol)

Methyl R−CH3 -aneCarbon–carbon single bond Methane (CH4)

Ethane (C2H6)Propane (C3H8)Butane (C4H10)

Alkene R−CH=CH−R' -eneEthene (C2H4)Propene (C3H6)

Alkyne R−C;C−R' -yneEthyne (C2H2)Propyne (C3H4)Butyne (C4H6)

Amide R−C(=O)N(−H)−R' Ethanamide (CH3CONH2)

Primary amine R−NH2 -amineEthylamine (C2H5NH2)Diethylamine (C2H5)2NHTriethylamine (C2H5)3N

Secondary amine R−N(−H)−R' -amineDimethylamine (C2H6NH)Diethylamine (C4H10NH)

Tertiary amine R−N(−R')−R -amineTrimethylamine (CH3)3N

Azo R−N=N−R' Diazoacetamide

Nitrile R−C;N Ethanenitrile (C2H5CN)

Pyridyl R−C5H4N

Carboxyl R−C(=O)OH -oic acidNon-ionized Formic acid (CHCOOH)R−C(=O)O– Acetic acid (CCH3COOH)ionized

Aldehyde R−C(=O)H -al(ethanal: CH3CHO)

Ketone R−C(=O)−R' -onePropanone (CH3COCH3)

Primary imine R−C(=NH)−R' -imineN-methylimine

Secondary imine R−C(−H)=N−R' -imine

Ether R−O−R' Ethyl etherCH3OCH3

(continues)



Assigning Ident i f icat ion

Perhaps the best way to identify a chemical is by its CAS registry number. This is similar tothe way a social security number identifies individuals as uniquely different. The CAS num-ber does not provide information concerning the properties of the chemical. The use of thenumber is important in overcoming any confusion about the identity of the chemical due tomultiple common, trade, and technical names. Use of the CAS number is observed in scien-tific literature and product information, including material safety data sheets. Another waythat chemicals can be identified is through the Registry of Toxic Effects of ChemicalSubstances, or RTECS, number. This registry, operated by the National Institute forOccupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), contains technical information about commonlyused industrial chemicals. There are other systems that are in use for numbering and classify-ing chemicals, including the IUPAC (International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry),EC (assigned by the European Community), and UN numbers, or UN IDs, which are four-digit numbers that identify hazardous substances and products (such as poisonous materialsor explosives) of commercial importance. This numbering scheme is widely used in interna-


Table 2.1 Common Functional Groups (continued)

Functional Group General Formula Suffix/Examples

Ester R−C(=O)O−R' Ethyl acetateCH3OOCH3

Halogen F, Cl, Br, etc. Chloromethane (CH3Cl)Carbon–halogen bonding Iodobutane (C4H9I)

Isocyanate R−N=C=O Methyl isocyanateCH3NCO

Isothiocyanate R−N=C=S Methyl isothiocyanateNCH3S

Phenyl R−C6H5 Phenylethane(=ethylbenzene)CH3C6H5

Benzyl R−CH2−C6H5 Benzyl acetateC9H10O2

Phosphodiester R−OP(=O)2O−R' Nucleic acids

Sulfhydryl R−SH -thiolMethanethiol(= methyl mercaptan)CH3SH

Thioether R−S−R' Ethylthioether(=diethylsulfide)CH3SCH3

*R and R' can denote any group of atoms.



tional commerce, for instance to label the contents of shipping containers for transportationof hazardous substances.

Physica l Propert ies of Chemicals

Water SolubilityWater solubility is defined as the weight (generally in grams or milligrams) of a substance thatcan be completely dissolved in 1 liter of water to form a solution. The solubility in water maygive some idea of what maximum concentrations might occur in water, whether we are referringto the body water of an organism or to an environmental body of water such as a lake.

pHA pH refers to how acid or basic (caustic) a substance is. A pH of 7 is considered neutral,whereas numbers below 7 are on the acid side of chemical neutrality and numbers above 7 areon the basic side. A pH of 1 is a very strong acid and a pH of 13 is very caustic.

Relative Molecular MassThis refers to the relative weight of a molecule of a chemical compared with the relative weightof an atom of the lightest element, hydrogen.

Octanol-to-Water Partition CoefficientThis ratio indicates how readily any chemical dissolves in a fatty or oily medium compared withwater. A very water-soluble chemical has a greater affinity for water than for octanol; thus itwould have a low partition coefficient. A pesticide with the partition coefficient of 7, for exam-ple, indicates that it is much more lipophilic (fat loving) and thus accumulates in body fat whereit may be stored for a relatively long time. The octanol-to-water partition coefficient is thereforean indicator of bioaccumulation. Chemicals that have relatively high octanol-to-water partitioncoefficients are usually absorbed quickly through the skin and enter into the blood.

Boiling Point, Melting Point, and Vapor PressureThe boiling point is the temperature at which the chemical changes from a liquid state to thegaseous state. The melting point of the chemical is the temperature at which there is a changefrom a solid to a liquid. The vapor pressure is the pressure at which the chemical in the liquid orsolid state turns into the gaseous state even at temperatures below the boiling point. Chemicalswith a high vapor pressure tend to “evaporate” more readily than others with a low vapor pres-sure and are therefore of more concern with respect to respiratory exposure.

Flash PointThe flash point is the temperature at which a substance gives off enough vapor in the air to forman ignitable mixture. The lower the flash point, the greater the risk for explosion and fire.

P H Y S I C A L P R O P E R T I E S O F C H E M I C A L S 17



Autoignition Temperature and FlammabilityThe autoignition temperature is that temperature at which a substance spontaneously burns,that is, catches fire in the absence of a flame or a spark. A flammable material can be a solid, liq-uid, or gas. Something that is not flammable is not given the term inflammable. Inflammable isan older term for flammable and to avoid confusion should not be used.

Flammability (Explosive) LimitsThis represents a range of concentrations for a flammable vapor or gas in air at which an explosionmay occur in the presence of a flame or spark. The lower explosive limit (LEL)is a level belowwhich there is not enough chemical present to burn (i.e., the mixture is too lean). The upperexplosive limit (UEL) is a level above which there is too much chemical to burn (i.e., the mixtureis too rich).

Relative Density or Specific GravityThis is commonly defined as the weight of a specific volume of a liquid or solid chemical sub-stance compared with the weight of the same volume of water. More correctly, specific gravity isthe ratio of the density of a material to the density of water. The density of water is approxi-mately 1 gram per cubic centimeter. Substances with a specific gravity of less than 1 are lighterthan water and therefore float, whereas those that have specific gravities exceeding 1 are heavierthan water and thus sink. Knowing the specific gravity is important for planning spill cleanupand fire-fighting procedures.

Relative Vapor DensityThe relative vapor density refers to the weight of a specific volume of a chemical substance in thegaseous state compared with the weight of the same volume of air. From exposure viewpoint, ifthe relative vapor density is less than 1, the gas collects at the ceiling level indoors or dispersesinto the atmosphere outdoors. On the other hand, if the gas is heavier than air (that is, it has arelative vapor density of a gas greater than 1), then the gas tends to collect at floor level indoorsor in depressions outside. The possibility exists that gases having relative vapor densities greaterthan 1 may displace air in the breathing zone of confined spaces, thus leading to asphyxiation.

Odor ThresholdSome chemicals when present in the air can be smelled, and this can serve as a warning. Theodor threshold represents the smallest concentration of the chemical in the air that can be smelledand is usually expressed in parts per million or parts per billion. Some odor thresholds are suffi-ciently low enough to provide adequate warning properties (e.g., sulfur dioxide), but others arenot. It is important to realize, however, that many chemicals have no smell associated with themand thus there are no warning properties associated with odor. Other important physical prop-erties include the boiling point, vapor pressure, and melting point.




APPENDIX

2.1Some Web-Based Resources

A vast amount of information about chemicals and their hazardous properties can be found onthe WorldWideWeb. Information ranging from adverse reactions to clinical drugs to the physi-cal chemical properties of industrial chemicals may be accessed with relative ease. Examples ofthese types of resources are provided as examples. Websites do change from time to time; how-ever, at the time of this writing the websites as provided were current.

● Adverse Reactions to Drug Reports: Reports that are voluntarily submitted by physi-cians to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) after a drug has been approvedand in use. Adverse reactions to drugs in clinical trials are subject to mandatory report.

http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/report/hcp.htm

● Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR): The principal federal pub-lic health agency involved with hazardous waste issues. ATSDR helps to prevent or reducethe harmful effects of exposure to hazardous substances on human health. Informationabout ATSDR, a database containing all information where ATSDR has worked, fact sheetson 60 of the most common contaminants at Superfund sites, and links to related sites.

http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/

● American Association of Poison Control Centers: Brochures on preventing poisoningsin the home, emergency action cards for poisoning, poisoning fact sheets, lists of PoisonCenters, and so forth.

http://www.aapcc.org

● American College of Medical Toxicology: Professional nonprofit association of physi-cians with recognized expertise in medical toxicology. Their mission is to ensure thatpatients exposed to poisons and toxic substances receive optimal care by direct contactwith qualified medical toxicologists. Their publication, Internet Journal of MedicalToxicology, can be accessed from this site.

http://www.acmt.net/main/

● Carcinogenic Potency Project: The Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB) coversresults of long-term animal cancer tests.

http://potency.berkeley.edu/cpdb.html

S O M E W E B - B A S E D R E S O U R C E S 19



● Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): The CDC is one of the 13major operating components of the Department of Health and Human Services(HHS), which is the principal agency in the U.S. government for protecting the healthand safety of all Americans.

http://www.cdc.gov/

● ChemFinder: A chemical database that provides basic chemical data, including CASnumbers, and also provides other information, including physical property data and two-dimensional chemical structures. It is the largest single list of chemical information sites.Individual access to ChemFinder is complimentary on a limited basis. Access by corpora-tions, academic institutions, and government organizations is granted on an enterprisesubscription basis.

http://chemfinder.cambridgesoft.com/

● Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System (CCRIS): Carcinogenicityand mutagenicity test results for over 8,000 chemicals.

http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?CCRIS

● ClinicalTrials: ClinicalTrials.gov provides regularly updated information about federallyand privately supported clinical research in human volunteers.

http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/

● Developmental & Reproductive Toxicology (DART/ETIC): References to develop-mental and reproductive toxicology literature.

http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?DARTETIC

● Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): The mission of the EPA is to protect humanhealth and the environment.

http://www.epa.gov/

● EXTOXNET: Extension Toxicology Network. Information about pesticides and other toxi-cology issues from the consortium formed by University of California, Davis, Oregon StateUniversity, Michigan State University, Cornell University, and the University of Idaho.

http://extoxnet.orst.edu/

● Extremely Hazardous Substances (EHS): Chemical profiles and emergency first aidguides.

http://yosemite.epa.gov/oswer/ceppoehs.nsf/EHS_Profile?openform

● Food and Drug Administration (FDA): The FDA is responsible for protecting the pub-lic health by ensuring the safety, efficacy, and security of human and veterinary drugs, bio-logical products, medical devices, our nation’s food supply, cosmetics, and products thatemit radiation.

http://www.fda.gov/




● Genetic Toxicology (Mutagenicity) (GENE-TOX): Peer-reviewed genetic toxicologytest data for over 3,000 chemicals.

http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?GENETOX

● Hazardous Materials: U.S. Fire Administration. Guide for first responders.

http://www.usfa.fema.gov/subjects/hazmat/

● Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB): Comprehensive peer-reviewed toxicologydata for about 5,000 chemicals.

http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?HSDB

● Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS): Hazard identification and dose–responseassessments for over 500 chemicals.

http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?IRIS

● Healthy People 2010: Healthy People 2010 challenges individuals, communities, andprofessionals—indeed, all of us—to take specific steps to ensure that good health, as wellas long life, are enjoyed by all.

http://www.health.gov/healthypeople

● International Toxicity Estimates for Risk (ITER): Risk information for over 600 chem-icals from authoritative groups worldwide.

http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?iter

● The Library of the Karolinska Institute of Sweden: Collection of links to causes of poi-soning, including food poisoning, bites and stings, drug toxicities, and lead poisoning.

http://www.mic.ki.se/Diseases/C21.613.html

● Material Safety Data Sheets Online

http://www.ilpi.com/msds/index.html

● MEDLINEplus: Comprehensive medical information and literature searches.

http://medlineplus.gov

● National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS): Focuses on basic sci-ence, disease-oriented research, global environmental health, and multidisciplinary train-ing for researchers.

http://www.niehs.nih.gov/

● National Institutes of Health (NIH): The NIH, a part of the U.S. Department ofHealth and Human Services, is the primary federal agency for conducting and supportingmedical research.

http://www.nih.gov/




● National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH): NIOSH is the fed-eral agency responsible for conducting research and making recommendations for the pre-vention of work-related injury and illness. NIOSH is part of the Centers for DiseaseControl and Prevention in the Department of Health and Human Services.

http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/homepage.html

● National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals: The SecondReport, released in January 2003, presents biomonitoring exposure data for 116 environ-mental chemicals for U.S. population over the 2-year period 1999–2000.

http://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport/

● National Toxicology Program: An interagency program to coordinate toxicological test-ing, strengthen the science base in toxicology, develop and validate improved testingmethods, and provide information about potentially toxic chemicals to health regulatoryand research agencies, the scientific and medical communities, and the public.

http://ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov/

● Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA): OSHA’s mission is toensure the safety and health of America’s workers by setting and enforcing standards; pro-viding training, outreach, and education; establishing partnerships; and encouraging con-tinual improvement in workplace safety and health.

http://www.osha.gov/

● Poisonous Plants Informational Database: Includes plant images, botany, chemistry,toxicology, diagnosis, and prevention of poisoning of animals.

http://www.ansci.cornell.edu/plants/

● Recognition and Management of Pesticide Poisonings: Presented by The NationalPesticide Telecommunications Network, 5th edition (1999).

http://npic.orst.edu/rmpp.htm

● Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheets: New Jersey Department of Health &Senior Services, Division of Epidemiology, Environmental and Occupational Health.Available in English and Spanish.

http://www.state.nj.us/health/eoh/rtkweb/rtkhsfs.htm

● Toxicon Multimedia Project: Medical Toxicology Consortium Including Cook CountyHospital, The University of Illinois Hospital, and RUSH Medical Center, Chicago,Illinois. Includes Virtual Toxicology Cases and Virtual Toxicology Lectures.

http://www.uic.edu/com/er/toxikon/

● TOXLINE: Biochemical, pharmacological, physiological, and toxicological effects ofdrugs and other chemicals: References from toxicology literature.

http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?TOXLINE




● Toxics Release Inventory (TRI): Annual environmental releases of over 600 toxic chem-icals by U.S. facilities.

http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?TRI

● U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA): The USDA’s mission is to enhance the qual-ity of life for the American people by supporting the production of agriculture.

http://www.usda.gov/

● World Health Organization (WHO): WHO’s objective, as set out in its Constitution, isthe attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health. Health is defined inWHO’s Constitution as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being andnot merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

http://www.who.int






APPENDIX

2.2Regulatory Agencies That Mainta in Lis ts forHazardous Chemicals

Some regulatory agencies maintain lists of environmental and industrial chemicals that aredeemed to be hazardous. In addition, technical reports are available from many of these agen-cies. The following table is compilation of a number of agencies that maintain such lists withcontact information, and websites current at the time of this writing.

A G E N C I E S T H A T M A I N T A I N L I S T S F O R H A Z A R D O U S C H E M I C A L S 25

Controlling Regulatory List Producer and Entity List Name Contact Information Reference List Description

Canada Domestic [email protected] http://www.ec.gc. Mandated by the Substances Notification and ca/substances/ Canadian List of Canada Client Services Division nsb/download/ Environmental

New Substances Branch DSL.PDF Protection Act Risk Assessment The final list was (CEPA), this list Directorate developed in covers substances Environment Canada several stages: manufactured or Place Vincent Massey, a Core List, imported into 14th Floor a Provisional List, Canada for Gatineau QC K1A 0H3 and a Final List industrial use.Telephone: (800) 567-1999 in 1994.(Toll Free in Canada)(819) 953-7156 (Outside of Canada)Facsimile: (819) 953-7155

Workplace Canadian Product Safety Canadian A list of chemicals Hazardous Branch, Consumer and Workplace that must be identi-Materials Corporate Affairs Hazardous Material fied on Canadian Information 50 Victoria St. Hull Information System. Material Safety System Quebec OC9, Canada. Canada Gazette Data Sheets if they (WHMIS): (819) 953-4763 Part II, 122(2) are included in Ingredient (1 Jan 1988). products that fall Disclosure http://www.hc-sc. within the Work-List, Canada gc.ca/hecs-sesc/ place Hazardous

whmis/application. Material Information htm System (WHMIS)

hazard criteria speci-fied in the ControlledProducts Regulationsof Canada.

(continues)





European European The European Commission Official Journal of EINECS is the Union Inventory of http://europa.eu.int/ the European European counter-

Existing Communities, part of TSCAINV. Commercial Office for Official June 1990. It lists chemical Chemical Publications of the http://stneasy.cas. substances that Substances European Communities, org/dbss/chemlist/ were reported by

2 rue Mercier, L-2985 einecs.html the Member States Luxembourg; to the European Telephone: Commission as 011-352-49928 425 66 or existing on the 011-352-488-573 European

Community Market North America: European between January 1, Union Delegation of the 1971 and European Commission, September 18, 1991.Attn: Public Affairs,2300 M Street N.W., Washington, D.C. 200361-202-862-9539 1-202-429-1766 (fax)

European The European Commission. Official Journal of Elincs supplements Inventory of http://europa.eu.int/ the European EINECS and these Existing Communities, two include all Commercial Office for Official Dec 17, 1994. substances placed Chemical Publications of the http://europa.eu. on the community Substances European Communities, int/eur-lex/en/ market before Supplement 2 rue Mercier, com/cnc/2003/ August 15, 1993.(Elincs) L-2985 Luxembourg; com2003_

Telephone: 0642en01.pdf011-352-49928 425 66 or 011-352-488-573

North America: European Union Delegation of the European Commission, Attn: Public Affairs,2300 M Street NW, Washington, D.C. 200361-202-862-9539 1-202-429-1766 (fax)

World International International Agency for IARC Monographs Substances that Health Agency for Research on Cancer, World http://www.IARC.fr/ have been Organization Research on Health Organization, evaluated by the

Cancer List Lyon, France International Agency for Researchon Cancer (IARC) for carcinogenic risk to humans and animals.





World For publications, call These evaluations Health (518) 436-9686, or write are recognizedOrganization to WHO Publication, as authoritative (continued) Centre USA, sources of

49 Sheriden Avenue, information on the Albany, NY 12210 carcinogenicity

of chemicals.

International Marine International Maritime CFR 49,172.101, A list of substances,Maritime Pollutants Organization, App. B, 1995; materials, and Association List 4 Albert Embankment, http://www.myregs. articles identified

London SE1 7SR, com/dotrspa/ as marine pollutantsUnited Kingdom or severe marine Tel +44 (0)20 7735 7611 pollutants in the Fax +44 (0)20 7587 3210 International National Response Center, Maritime RM 2611, Dangerous Goods 2100 Second Street SW, (IMDG) code and Washington, DC 20593 of the not otherwise

specified (n.o.s.) and generic entries to be used to offermarine pollutants for shipment.

U.S. Hazardous EPA: (202) 272-0167 Section 112 (b)(1) The Clean Air Act Environ- Air 200 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Hazardous Air Amendment of mental Pollutants Washington, DC 20640 Pollutants 990, Title 3 Protection Clean Air Docket, established this Agency EPA Library, Section (b)(1) of the initial list of 189

Research Triangle Park, Clean Air Act (CAA) hazardous 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, http://www.epa.gov/ pollutants.Durham, NC 27711 ttn/atw/188polls.(919) 541-2777 html

Ozone Stratospheric Protection CRF 40,82, Subpt A. A list of controlled Depletion Information Hotline at App A and B, 1996. substances in Chemicals 1-800-296-1996. http://www.epa.gov/ Sections 602–607 List (202-343-9210 from ozone/ods.html and 616 of the

outside the U.S.) Clear Air Act U.S. EPA imposing limits Mail Code 6205J, on the production 1200 Pennsylvania and consumption Avenue NW, of certain Washington, DC ozone-depleting 20460-0001 substances.(202) 343-9410

(continues)





EPA Pesticide U.S. EPAList Chemical Support Group, 1) Federal Register The list contains

Office of Pesticide 54(204), 4388, those chemical Programs, 1989 (Oct 24). substances (active Ariel Rios Building, 2) Federal Register ingredients) for 1200 Pennsylvania 54(34), 7740, which pesticide Avenue NW, 1989 (Feb 22). Registration Washington, DC 20460 3) Federal Register Standards have (703) 305-7090 54(100), 22706, been issued and

1989 (May 25). those subject to 4) Federal Register reregistration 54(140), 30848, under the Federal 1989 (Jul 24). Insecticide, 5) Federal Register Fungicide, and 55(147), 31164, Rodenticide Act 1990 (Jul 31). (FIFRA).http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode07/usc_sup_01_7_10_6.html

EPA High U.S. Environmental http://www.epa.gov/ Non-Confidential Production Protection Agency, opptintr/chemrtk/ Information Volume P.O. Box 1473, hpvcolst.htm Submitted by Chemical List Merrifield, VA 22116 Companies on

Attention: Chemical Chemicals Under Right-to-Know Program the 1990, 1994, (202) 564-4770 and 1998 Inventory

Update Rule (IUR).

List of Pesticide Office of Prevention, List of Pesticide Pesticide product Product Inert Pesticide and Product Inert inert ingredientsIngredients Toxic Substances Ingredients

U.S. EPA, (May, 1995).401 M Street SW, http://www.epa.gov/Washington, DC 20460. opprd001/inerts/Public Response and inerts_list4.pdfProgram Resources Branch at (703) 305-5805

Master Office of Pollution Preven- Publication of the A listing from the Testing List tion and Toxic Substances, EPA office of EPA Office of (MTL) U.S. Environmental Pollution Prevention Pollution Prevention

Protection Agency, and Toxics, and and Toxics’ (OPPT) Washington, DC 20460. Office of Prevention, existing chemical TSCA Hotline at Pesticides, and testing priorities, (202) 554-1404 Toxic Substances, as well as those of TSCA-Hotline Washington, DC, other EPA program @epamail.epa.gov December 1, 1996. offices, other EPA website: http://www.epa.gov/ federal agencies, http:www.epa.gov/opptintr opptintr/chemtest/ the TSCA Inter-/main/ctibhome.htm mtl.htm agency Testing com-

mittee, and interna-tional organizations.





CERCLA U.S. Environmental CFR 40,302.4,1996. The Comprehensive Hazardous Protection Agency, http://www.epa.gov/ Environmental Substances 401 M Street SW, NCEI/plainlanguage/ Response, Table 302.4 Washington, DC 20460 documents/epcra.pdf Compensation,

(703) 412-9810 and Liability Act (CERCLA) hazardoussubstances as definedby the Clean Water Act Sections 311 and307(a); RCRA Section3001; Clean Air Act,Section 112; and TSCA Section 7.

Superfund The Agency for Toxic http://www. The ATSDR Profile Amendments Substances and Disease atsdr.cdc.gov/ Priority List (APPL) and Registry (ATSDR) in clist.html ranks the 275 Reauthorization conjunction with EPA substances of the Act (SARA) ATSDR highest concern at of 1986, Division of Toxicology, National Priority Section 110, 1600 Clifton Road NE, List (NPL) waste ATSDR/EPA Mailstop F-32, sites from a public Priority List Atlanta, GA 30333 health perspective,

Phone: 1-888-42-ATSDR as per SARA (1-888-422-8737) Section 110 and FAX: (770)-488-4178 CERCLA Section Email: [email protected] 104(i)(2)(A), as

amended, andlikelihood of humanexposure, with lowest rank (1) highest priority.Comprehensive reviews of health effect information,available from ATSDR and NTIS.

Superfund Chemical Emergency CFR 40,355 The list of Amendments Preparedness and App. A, 1996 extremely hazardous and Prevention http://yosemite. substances subject Reauthorization RCRA, Superfund, and epa.gov/oswer/ to reporting Act (SARA) EPCRA Call Center ceppoehs.nsf/ requirements under of 1986, (800) 424-9346 Toll Free Alphabetical_ Title III of SARA, Section 302, (703) 412-9810 - Results?openview d when stored in Extremely Metropolitan DC area amount in excess Hazardous and international calls of a Threshold Substances List Planning Quantity

(TPQ).

(continues)





Toxic U.S. Environmental http://www.epa. A list of toxic Chemical Protection Agency gov/tri/ chemicals whose Release Emergency Planning and emissions or Inventory Community Right To Know releases are subject

Information Hotline, to annual reporting (1-800) 535-0202 under Title III of

SARA.

Toxic U.S. Environmental Toxic Substances Existing commercial Substances Protection Agency, Chemical Substance chemical substances Control Act Office of Toxic Substances, Inventory. in the U.S. From a Chemical Washington, DC 20460 http://www.epa.gov/ regulatory perspec-Substances (202) 554-1404 opptintr/newchems/ tive, substances that Inventory invntory.htm are not found in the

Inventory areconsidered “new” by EPA and thereforeare subject to thePremanufactureNotification require-ments of TSCA.The Inventory is notintended to cover allcommercial chemicalsubstances. Certainsubstances such asdrugs and pesticidesthat are regulated by other laws areexplicitly excluded.

U.S. DOT Coast Coast Guard, U.S. DOT CFR 46,150, Flammable and Department Guard Bulk Coast Guard Headquarters, Table I,1995; combustible bulk of Trans- Hazardous Hazardous Materials Branch, CFR 46,30.25, 1995. liquid materials portation Materials 2100 Second Street SW http://www.access. regulated by the (DOT) Washington, DC gpo.gov/nara/cfr/ Coast Guard.

20593-0001 waisidx_01/(202) 267-1577 46cfr30_01.html

DOT Coast Coast Guard, U.S. CFR 46,153, Noxious liquid Guard Department of Table I, 1995. substances Noxious Transportation CHAPTER I— regulated by the Liquid Coast Guard Headquarters, COAST GUARD, Coast Guard.Substances Hazardous Materials Branch, DEPARTMENT OF

2100 Second Street, TRANSPORTATIONWashington, DC PART 153—SHIPS 20593-0001 CARRYING BULK (202) 267-1577 LIQUID, LIQUEFIED

GAS, OR COMPRESSED GAS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS





DOT U.S. Department of FR 59(249),67395, Hazardous Hazardous Transportation 1994 (Dec 29). materials regulated Materials DOT Docket Office at http://hazmat.dot. by the U.S. DOT.Table (202) 366-5046 gov/enforce/forms/

ohmforms.htm#101Title 49 CFR 172.101Table (List of Hazar-dous Materials)

U.S. Drug DEA Drug and Chemical 1) List of Controlled Controlled Enforcement Controlled Evaluation Section, Substances, substances Administra- Substances Office of Diversion Control, Scheduling Actions regulated by the tion (DEA) Drug Enforcement 2) CFR 21, DEA, Department

Administration 1308.11-15,1996. of Justice.600 Army Navy Dr., http://www.Arlington, VA 22202 deadiversion.usdoj.(202) 305-8500 gov/schedules/

USDA/FDA Direct Food U.S. FDA Center for Food CFR 21,184,1996. Direct food Substances Safety and Applied Nutrition, http://www.access. additives generally Generally Office of Premarket Approval gpo.gov/nara/cfr/ recognized by the Recognized Division of Petition Control, waisidx_99/ FDA as safe so as Safe Direct Additive Branch. 21cfrv3_99.html long as used as

(202) 418-3066 prescribed.

Food and Drug Administration5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 208571-888-463-6332

List of U.S. FDA, Center for Food Priority-Based An official FDA Substances Safety and Applied Nutrition Assessment of Food listing maintained byAdded to CFSAN Toll free hotline is Additives (PAFA) the Center for Food Food in 1-888-SAFEFOOD File, 1996. Safety and Applied the U.S. CFSAN, http://www.cfsan Nutrition (CFSAN)

5100 Paint Branch Parkway, .fda.gov/~dms/ of all substances College Park, MD opa-indt.html known to be added 20740-3835 to the U.S. food

supply, includingGenerally Recog-nized As Safe (GRAS) compounds.

NTP/HHS NTP National Toxicology Ninth Annual A list of substances Carcinogens Program, Report on that are either knownList Public Health Service, Carcinogens, 2001, to be carcinogens or

U.S. Department of Health U.S. DHHS, that may reasonably and Human Services PHS, NTP. be anticipated to be NTP, P.O. Box 12233, http://ntp.niehs. carcinogenic to MD EC-14, Research nih.gov/index.cfm? which a significant Triangle Park, NC 27709 objectid=72016262- number of persons Telephone: (919) 541-4096 BDB7-CEBA- residing in the U.S.

FA60E922B18C2540 are exposed.

(continues)





NTP/HHS The publication of (continued) this list by the

National ToxicologyProgram (NTP) ofthe Department ofHealth and HumanServices (DHHS) ismandated for infor-mation purposesonly by Public Law 95-622.

NTP Technical National Toxicology The NTP Technical A list of chemicals Reports List Program, Division of Report Series. for which NTP

Toxicology Research http://ntp.niehs. technical reports and Testing, nih.gov/ntpweb/ are available. The U.S. Department of Health index.cfm? reports describe the and Human Services. objectid=78CC7E4C results of

-F1F6-975E- experiments to Central Data Management, 72940974DE301C3F determine Mail Drop A0-01, NIEHS, carcinogenicity.P.O. Box 12233, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 (919) 541-3419

NIOSH/ OSHA Toxic Occupational Safety and CFR 29,1910.1000, The U.S. Labor OSHA and Hazardous Health Administration, DO. 1996. Department List

Substances Technical Service Center at http://www.access. of Regulated Toxic (202) 219-7894 gpo.gov/nara/cfr/ and Hazardous

waisidx_ Substances for 01/29cfr1910a_ which occupational 01.html exposure limits are

defined.

1989 OSHA Produced by OSHA in OSHA Publication Although this Toxic and 1989, and vacated by number 3112, 1989 OSHA list was Hazardous Court order in 1992. vacated by court Substances List order in 1992, it is

still enforced in some statesincluding Utah,Alaska, Michigan,New Mexico, andVermont.

NIOSH National Institute for DHHS (NIOSH) The NIOSH list of Recommended Occupational Safety Publication No. substances with Exposure and Health 92-100. recommended Limits List 1-800-35-NIOSH http://www.cdc.gov/ exposure limits.

(1-800-356-4674) niosh/92-100.htmlOutside the U.S. 513-533-8328





American ACGIH ACGIH, Threshold Limit A list of substances Conference Threshold 6500 Glenway Avenue, Values and for which the ACGIH of Govern- Limit Value Building D-7, Biological Exposure recommended mental List Cincinnati, OH 45211-4438 Indices for 2001 Threshold Limit Industrial (513) 742-2020 Values (TLV), where Hygienists TLV is defined as an (ACGIH) airborne concentra-

tion to which mostworkers can beexposed withoutadverse effects.

State of California List CA EPA The Safe Drinking Chemicals California of Chemicals Office of Environmental Water and Toxic (regulated by EPA Known to Health Hazard Assessment Enforcement Act California) believed

Cause Cancer at (916) 445-6900. of 1986 to cause cancer or or Reproduc- 1001 Eye Street, http://www.oehha. reproductive tive Effects Sacramento, CA 95814 org/prop65/prop65_ toxicity.

list/newlist.html

State of Massachusetts MA Department of Health, Massachusetts Toxic and Massachu- Substance List Boston, MA 02133 Substance List for hazardous setts DOH (617) 727-2660 “Right-to-Know” substances

Law (4/11/1994) applicable to the M.G.L. c. 111F, provisions of MA General Law, General Law C.111F.Chapter 30A, 28 June 1984, Appendix A of 105 CMR 670.000 Code of MA Regulation. http://www.michigan.gov/deq/0,1607,7-135-3307_3667_4136-12130—,00.html

State of Michigan Michigan Department of Michigan Critical materials Michigan Critical Natural Resources Department of for which reporting DNR Materials Great Lakes Environmental Natural Resources, is required under

Register Assessment Section Critical Materials Michigan Act 293, (CMR) Surface Water Quality Register, P.A. 1972. This Act

Division January 1, 1994 requires all businesses(517)-373-2190 discharging waste-http://www.michigan.gov/ water to lagoons, deq deep wells, the surface

of the ground, surfacewaters, septic tanks, or municipal sewersystems to file a report with MichiganDepartment of Natural Resources.

(continues)





State of New Jersey Bureau of Hazardous New Jersey Worker The New Jersey New Jersey Hazardous Substances and Community Right to Know DEP Substance List Division of Environmental Right to Know Act, Environmental

Quality, New Jersey Department of Hazardous Department of Environmental Substance List.Environmental Protection, Protection List of 401 East State Street, Hazardous Trenton, NJ Substances, 1995.609-984-2202 http://www.state.nj.

us/health/eoh/rtkweb/factsheetlist.pdf

New Jersey New Jersey Department of New Jersey Hazardous Extraordinarily Environmental Protection Administration substances Hazardous and Energy Code 7:31-2.3 regulated by New Substance List Division of Environmental (19 Jul 1993). Jersey Bureau of

Safety, Health and http://www.nj.gov/ Release and Analytical Programs, dep/enforcement/ Prevention under Bureau of Release relprev/tcpa/ NJ Administration Prevention, CN424 ehslist.htm Code 7:31-2.3.Trenton, NJ 08625(609) 633-7289

State of Pennsylvania Department of Labor and RTK Publication Chemicals Pennsylvania Right to Know Industry, Bureau of Number 691 regulated DOLI List PENNSAFE, Labor and Rev. 11-95 under Pennsylvania

Industry Building, (Pennsylvania Right Worker and P.O. Box 68571, to Know Compliance Community Right Harrisburg, PA 17120 Materials for to Know Act.Voice: (717) 783-2071 Employers 1995).FAX: (717) 783-5099 http://www.dli.

state.pa.us/landi/CWP/view.asp?a=185&Q=167513



APPENDIX

2.3Regional Poison Control Centers

Regional poison control centers represent important local resources for information on the toxicproperties of chemicals, both clinical and nonclinical. They provide information to the publicon the management of suspected poisonings by animal and plants, household products, over-the-counter and prescription drugs, pesticides, or virtually any substance available. They main-tain huge databases of material safety data sheets and provide programs such as “Poisindex”whereby any published information on a chemical can be found rapidly. Regional poison con-trol centers and contact numbers are organized by state.

R E G I O N A L P O I S O N C O N T R O L C E N T E R S 35

ALABAMAAlabama Poison Center2503 Phoenix DriveTuscaloosa, AL 35405Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

Regional Poison Control CenterChildren’s Hospital1600 7th Avenue SouthBirmingham, AL 35233Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

ALASKAOregon Poison CenterOregon Health Sciences University3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, CB550Portland, OR 97201Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

ARIZONAArizona Poison & Drug Info CenterArizona Health Sciences Center, Room 11561501 North Campbell AvenueTucson, AZ 85724Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

Banner Poison Control Center901 East Willetta StreetRoom 2701Phoenix, AZ 85006Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

ARKANSASArkansas Poison & Drug Info CenterCollege of PharmacyUniversity of Arkansas for Medical Sciences4301 W. Markham, Mail Slot 522-2Little Rock, AR 72205Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

CALIFORNIACalifornia Poison Control SystemCalifornia Poison Control System—Fresno/Madera DivisionChildren’s Hospital Central California9300 Valley Children’s Place, MB 15Madera, CA 93638-8762Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222



California Poison Control System—Sacramento DivisionUC Davis Medical Center2315 Stockton BoulevardSacramento, CA 95817Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

California Poison Control System—San Diego DivisionUniversity of California, San Diego, Medical Center200 West Arbor DriveSan Diego, CA 92103-8925Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

California Poison Control System—San Francisco DivisionUCSF Box 1369San Francisco, CA 94143-1369Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

COLORADORocky Mountain Poison & Drug Center777 Bannock StreetMail Code 0180Denver, CO 80204-4028Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

CONNECTICUTConnecticut Poison Control CenterUniversity of Connecticut Health Center263 Farmington AvenueFarmington, CT 06030-5365Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

DELAWAREThe Poison Control Center34th & Civic Center Blvd.Philadelphia, PA 19104-4303Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIANational Capital Poison Center3201 New Mexico Avenue NWSuite 310Washington, DC 20016Emergency Phone: 1-800-222-1222TTY/TDD: (202) 362-8563 (TTY)

FLORIDAFlorida Poison Information Center—Jacksonville655 West Eighth StreetJacksonville, FL 32209Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

Florida Poison Information Center—MiamiUniversity of Miami, Dept. of PediatricsP.O. Box 016960 (R-131)Miami, FL 33101Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

Florida Poison Information Center—TampaTampa General HospitalP.O. Box 1289Tampa, FL 33601Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

GEORGIAGeorgia Poison CenterCHOA at Hughes SpaldingGrady Health System80 Jesse Hill Jr. Drive, SEP.O. Box 26066Atlanta, GA 30335-3801Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

HAWAIIHawaii Poison Center1319 Punahou StreetHonolulu, HI 96826Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222




Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Center777 Bannock StreetMail Code 0180Denver, CO 80204-4028Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

IDAHORocky Mountain Poison & Drug Center777 Bannock StreetMail Code 0180Denver, CO 80204-4028Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

ILLINOISIllinois Poison Center222 S. Riverside Plaza, Suite 1900Chicago, IL 60606Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

INDIANAIndiana Poison CenterMethodist Hospital, Room AG373Clarian Health PartnersI-65 at 21st StreetIndianapolis, IN 46206-1367Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

IOWAIowa Statewide Poison Control CenterIowa Health System and University of IowaHospitals & Clinics401 Douglas Street, Suite 402Sioux City, IA 51101Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

KANSASMid-America Poison CenterUniversity of Kansas Medical Center3901 Rainbow Blvd., Room B-400Kansas City, KS 66160-7231Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

KENTUCKYKentucky Regional Poison CenterMedical Towers South, Suite 847234 East Gray StreetLouisville, KY 40202Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

LOUISIANALouisiana Poison Center1521 Wilkinson StreetShreveport, LA 71103Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

MAINENorthern New England Poison CenterServing Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont22 Bramhall StreetPortland, ME 04102Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

MARYLANDMaryland Poison CenterUniversity of MD at BaltimoreSchool of Pharmacy20 North Pine Street, PH 772Baltimore, MD 21201Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

National Capital Poison Center3201 New Mexico Avenue NWSuite 310Washington, DC 20016Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

MASSACHUSETTSRegional Center for Poison Control andPreventionServing Massachusetts and Rhode IslandChildren’s Hospital Boston300 Longwood AvenueBoston, MA 02115Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222




MICHIGANChildren’s Hospital of MichiganRegional Poison Control Center4160 John R Harper Professional OfficeBuilding, Suite 616Detroit, MI 48201Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

DeVos Children’s HospitalRegional Poison Center1300 Michigan NE, Suite 203Grand Rapids, MI 49503Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

MINNESOTAHennepin Regional Poison CenterHennepin County Medical Center701 Park AvenueMinneapolis, MN 55415Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

MISSISSIPPIMississippi Regional Poison Control CenterUniversity of Mississippi Medical Center2500 N. State StreetJackson, MS 39216Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

MISSOURIMissouri Regional Poison Center7980 Clayton Road, Suite 200St. Louis, MO 63117Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

MONTANARocky Mountain Poison & Drug Center777 Bannock StreetMail Code 0180Denver, CO 80204-4028Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

NEBRASKANebraska Regional Poison Center8401 West Dodge Road, Suite 115Omaha, NE 68114Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

NEVADAOregon Poison CenterOregon Health Sciences University3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, CB550Portland, OR 97201Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Center777 Bannock StreetMail Code 0180Denver, CO 80204-4028Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

NEW HAMPSHIRENorthern New England Poison CenterServing Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont22 Bramhall StreetPortland, ME 04102Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

NEW JERSEYNew Jersey Poison Information and Education SystemUniversity of Medicine and Dentistry at New Jersey140 Bergen StreetNewark, NJ 07101Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

NEW MEXICONew Mexico Poison & Drug InformationCenterMSC 09 50801 University of New MexicoAlbuquerque, NM 87131-0001Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222




NEW YORKUpstate New York Poison Center750 East Adams StreetSyracuse, NY 13210Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

The Ruth A. Lawrence Poison and DrugInformation CenterServing Finger LakesUniversity of Rochester Medical Center601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 321Rochester, NY 14642Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

Long Island Regional Poison and DrugInformation CenterWinthrop University Hospital259 First StreetMineola, NY 11501Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

New York City Poison Control CenterNYC Bureau of Public Health Labs455 First AvenueRoom 123, Box 81New York, NY 10016Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

Western New York Poison CenterChildren’s Hospital of Buffalo219 Bryant StreetBuffalo, NY 14222Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

NORTH CAROLINACarolinas Poison CenterP.O. Box 32861Charlotte, NC 28232Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

NORTH DAKOTAHennepin Regional Poison CenterHennepin County Medical Center701 Park AvenueMinneapolis, MN 55415Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

OHIOCentral Ohio Poison Center700 Children’s Drive, Room E 263Columbus, OH 43205Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

Cincinnati Drug & Poison Information Center3333 Burnet AvenueVernon Place—3rd FloorCincinnati, OH 45229Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

Greater Cleveland Poison Center11100 Euclid Avenue/MP 6007Cleveland, OH 44106-6007

OKLAHOMAOklahoma Poison Control CenterChildren’s Hospital at OU Medical Center940 N.E. 13th Street, Room 3510Oklahoma City, OK 73104Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

OREGONOregon Poison CenterOregon Health & Science University3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, CB550Portland, OR 97239Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

PENNSYLVANIAPittsburgh Poison CenterChildren’s Hospital of Pittsburgh3705 Fifth AvenuePittsburgh, PA 15213Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222




The Poison Control Center at The Children’sHospital of Philadelphia34th & Civic Center Blvd.CHOP North, Suite 985Philadelphia, PA 19104-4303Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

PUERTO RICOPuerto Rico Poison CenterP.O. Box 367212San Juan, P.R.Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

RHODE ISLANDRegional Center for Poison Control andPreventionServing Massachusetts and Rhode Island300 Longwood AvenueBoston, MA 02115Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

SOUTH CAROLINAPalmetto Poison CenterCollege of PharmacyUniversity of South CarolinaColumbia, SC 29208Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

SOUTH DAKOTAHennepin Regional Poison CenterHennepin County Medical Center701 Park AvenueMinneapolis, MN 55415Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

TENNESSEETennessee Poison Center501 Oxford House1161 21st Avenue SouthNashville, TN 37232-4632Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

TEXASCentral Texas Poison CenterScott and White Memorial Hospital2401 South 31st StreetTemple, TX 76508Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

North Texas Poison Centerat Parkland Memorial Hospital5201 Harry Hines Blvd.Dallas, TX 75235Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

South Texas Poison CenterThe University of Texas Health ScienceCenter—San AntonioDepartment of SurgeryMail Code 7849, 7703 Floyd Curl DriveSan Antonio, TX 78229-3900Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

Southeast Texas Poison CenterThe University of Texas Medical Branch3.112 Trauma Center901 Harborside DriveGalveston, TX 77555-1175Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

Texas Panhandle Poison Center1501 S. CoulterAmarillo, TX 79106Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

West Texas Regional Poison CenterThomason Hospital4815 Alameda AvenueEl Paso, TX 79905Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

UTAHUtah Poison Control Center585 Komas Drive, Suite 200Salt Lake City, UT 84108-1208Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222




VERMONTNorthern New England Poison CenterServing Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont22 Bramhall StreetPortland, ME 04102Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

VIRGINIABlue Ridge Poison CenterUniversity of Virginia Health SystemP.O. Box 800774Charlottesville, VA 22908-0774Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

National Capital Poison Center3201 New Mexico Avenue NW, Suite 310Washington, DC 20016Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

Virginia Poison CenterMedical College of Virginia HospitalsVirginia Commonwealth University Medical CenterP.O. Box 980522Richmond, VA 23298-0522Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

WASHINGTONWashington Poison Center155 NE 100th Street, Suite 400Seattle, WA 98125-8011Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

WEST VIRGINIAWest Virginia Poison Center3110 MacCorkle Ave SECharleston, WV 25304Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

WISCONSINWisconsin Poison CenterChildren’s Hospital of WisconsinP.O. Box 1997, Mail Station 677AMilwaukee, WI 53201-1997Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222

WYOMINGNebraska Regional Poison Center8200 Dodge StreetOmaha, NE 68114Emergency Phone: (800) 222-1222




Websi tes

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR): http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/

American Association of Poison Control Centers: http://www.aapcc.org

American College of Medical Toxicology: http://www.acmt.net/main/

Carcinogenic Potency Project: http://potency.berkeley.edu/cpdb.html

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): http://www.cdc.gov/

ChemFinder: http://chemfinder.cambridgesoft.com/

CCRIS Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?CCRIS

ClinicalTrials: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/

DART/ETIC Developmental & Reproductive Toxicology: http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?DARTETIC

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): http://www.epa.gov/

EXTOXNET: http://extoxnet.orst.edu/

Extremely Hazardous Substances (EHS): http://yosemite.epa.gov/oswer/ceppoehs.nsf/EHS_Profile?openform

Food and Drug Administration (FDA): http://www.fda.gov/

GENE-TOX Genetic Toxicology (Mutagenicity): http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?GENETOX

Hazardous Materials: http://www.usfa.fema.gov/subjects/hazmat/

HSDB Hazardous Substances Data Bank: http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?HSDB




IRIS Integrated Risk Information System: http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?IRIS

IUPAC: http://www.iupac.org/dhtml_home.html

Healthy People 2010: http://www.healthypeople.gov/

ITER International Toxicity Estimates for Risk: http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?iter

The Library of the Karolinska Institute of Sweden: http://www.mic.ki.se/Diseases/C21.613.html

Material Safety Data Sheets Online: http://www.ilpi.com/msds/index.html

MEDLINEplus: http://medlineplus.gov/

Medwatch Homepage: http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/report/hcp.htm

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS): http://www.niehs.nih.gov/

National Institutes of Health (NIH): http://www.nih.gov/

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH): http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/homepage.html

National Institute of Standards and Technology: http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/

National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals: http://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport/

National Toxicology Program: http://ntp-server.niehs.nih.gov/

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA): http://www.osha.gov/

Poisonous Plants Informational Database: http://www.ansci.cornell.edu/plants/




Recognition and Management of Pesticide Poisonings: http://npic.orst.edu/rmpp.htm

Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/97-119.html

Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheets: http://www.state.nj.us/health/eoh/rtkweb/rtkhsfs.htm

Toxicon Multimedia Project: http://www.uic.edu/com/er/toxikon/

TOXLINE: http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?TOXLINE

TRI Toxics Release Inventory: http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?TRI

U.S. Department of Agriculture: http://www.usda.gov/

U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Environmental Health andToxicology Specialized Information Services (SIS). (2005). Toxicology tutorial I. Retrieved from http://www.sis.nlm.nih.gov/enviro/toxtutor.html

World Health Organization: http://www.who.int




Documents

Chemical Properties and Information Resources on · PDF fileChemical Properties and Information Resources on Hazardous Chemicals Elements, Atoms, and Compounds All matter, whether