Chemical Exploration of Walnut (Juglans regia) Jawameer
Hama
Slide 2
Slide 3
12 types of kernel of walnut, five of kernels are shelled. 5
types of walnut oil Samples
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Extraction of Oil with n-Heptane Flaked kernels of walnut (10
g) mixed with n-Heptane (50 ml x2) in a flask, stirred for 3 hours.
The solvent is filtered, then dried by (MgSO 4 ). Finally n-Heptane
was removed by rotary evaporator, the product was golden yellow
oil.
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Result Relative percentage % of oil, moisture and ash
content
Trans-esterification of Oil Transesterification of a
triacylglycerol to its fatty acids butyl ester (FABE). + Glycerol
Palmitic acid butyl ester
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GC-MS data GC was used to analyse the FABE, which had been
produced by trans-esterification. In GC-TOF-MS, the column was
OmegaWax. Palmitic acid butyl ester (C16:0) Linoleic acid butyl
ester (C18:2)
Slide 9
GC-MS Fatty acidsPercentage (%)m/z C16:09.8 0.8312 C16: 10.1
0.1310 C18:02.7 0.2340 C18:118.4 1.8338 C18:251.3 3.1336 C18:317.2
2.4334 C20:00.3 0.1366 C20:10.2 0.1364 Fatty acid butyl ester
assignment and relative percentage (%) of individual fatty acids in
walnut oil extracted from Kurdish walnuts by GC- TOF- MS
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1 H-NMR of Crude Walnut Oil Glycerol Relative % of saturated
(SFA), monounsaturated(MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)
by 1 H-NMR MUFA13.5 PUFA79.3 SFA7.2
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13 C- NMR of Crude Walnut Oil C18 Terminal carbon C16 Glycerol
Olefinic region C1 Carbonyl
Total Phenolic Content in Defatted Kernel Folin-Ciocalteu
reagent was used to find out total phenolic content. Gallic acid
was used as standard.
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Total Phenolic Content (mg GAE/g) of Defatted Kernels of
Walnut
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Conclusions More than half the weight of walnut kernels (41-64
%) is oil. NMR analysis can be more precise and quicker for fatty
acid analysis. Defatted kernel contains high level of total
phenolic content.
Slide 17
Acknowledgments Kurdistan Region Government Dr. Vera Thoss Dr.
Dave Preskett Toby Vye Thank you for listening
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