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1
Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Fulbright Visiting Professor David J. Dixong gChemical and Biological Engineering DepartmentSouth Dakota School of Mines and Technology
WS 2009/2010
Overview2
• Introduction• Chemical Engineering HistoryChemical Engineering History• Today’s Chemical Engineering• Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics Course Overview
Introduction3
Dr David DixonDr. David DixonProfessor of Chemical Engineering Chemical and Biological Engineering DepartmentSouth Dakota School of Mines and Technology
Rapid City, South Dakota, USAp y, ,
Introduction4
Rapid City near Black HillsRapid City near Black Hills
Introduction5
Rapid City near Black Hills (P h S L k t f “hill th t bl k”)Rapid City near Black Hills (Paha Sapa, Lakota for “hills that are black”)
Introduction6
Rapid City ( 60 000)Rapid City (~60,000)
Looking East
Looking West
Introduction7
Introduction8
SD School of Mines and Technology (SDSMT.edu)gy ( )
Introduction9
SD School of Mines and Technology (SDSMT.edu)gy ( )
Introduction10
MyselfMyself….
•BS/MS/PhD Chemical EngineeringSDSMT/SDSMT/U i i f T A i•SDSMT/SDSMT/University of Texas at Austin
•Dow Corning Corporation (Process Engineering)•Overseas military service (Darmstadt)y ( )•Professor SDSMT (16 yrs)
Introduction11
Chemical Engineering History12
United States:United States:•J. Willard Gibbs 1st PhD in Engineering in the U.S. (1863)• L. M. Norton, MIT first ChE course (1888)1 t BS i Ch i l E i i U P l i (1892)•1st BS program in Chemical Engineering, U Pennsylvania (1892)
•American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) formed 1908
“The chemical industry had a central position in the changing industrial y p g gworld of the late 19th century. This industry did not hatch fully grown; it
was based on nearly a century’s worth of scientific advances in the universities – particularly German universities.”
N.A. Peppas, “The First Century of Chemical Engineering”, Chemical Heritage Newsmagazine, Vol. 26, No. 3, Fall 2008
Europe:•Justus von Liebig (1803 – 1873) Giessen•Göttingen, Heidelberg, and other top universities.g , g, p
Chemical Engineering History13
South Dakota: 1803 4South Dakota: 1803-4
* "Discovered a Village of S ll i l th t bSmall animals that burrow in the grown... except the ears which is Shorter, his tail like a ground squirel g qwhich they shake & whistle when allarmd. the toe nails long, they have fine fur."
* W. Clark - Friday, September 7, 1804
Today’s Chemical Engineering14
* Wikipedia, Chemical Engineering
Today’s Engineering15
Darmstadt (BS 3yrs – MS 2yrs)( y y )
Today’s Chemical Engineering16
USA system (BS 4 yrs)y ( y )•Programming and Numerical solutions to ChE problems•Material and energy balances
•ChE laboratory experiences•Freshman modeling intro•Fluid flowMaterial and energy balances
•Fluid flow •Heat transfer•Mass transfer U it O ti / ti
Fluid flow•Process control intro•Heat transfer•SeparationsEl ti l b•Unit Operations/separations
•Thermodynamics I and II•Chemical kinetics and reactor design •Senior design courses and project
•Elective lab•Elective ChE courses
•Advanced separations•Advanced reactor designg p j
•Process control•Microbiology•Global and contemporary issues in ChE
g•System dynamics and modeling•Polymer engineering•Organosilicone chemistry•Biochemical engineeringChE •Biochemical engineering•Design of experiments for ChEs•Coop experiences•Undergraduate research
Today’s Chemical Engineering17
USA system (BS 4 yrs)USA system (BS 4 yrs)-Professional organizations (AIChE, ACS, other)
Today’s Chemical Engineering18
Why study Thermo of mixtures: MotivationWhy study Thermo of mixtures: Motivation-Example, i.e. SCF measurements, others?-UO systems (discuss general PFD and where separations fits in plus other things like HT, MT, staged processes, etc)-Simulators: AspenPlus, Fluent, Comsol, ChemSep, others.
Today’s Chemical Engineering19
Why study Thermo of mixtures: MotivationWhy study Thermo of mixtures: Motivation-Example, i.e. SCF measurements, others?-UO systems (discuss general PFD and where separations fits in plus other things like HT, MT, staged processes, etc)-Simulators: AspenPlus, Fluent, Comsol, ChemSep, others.
Today’s Chemical Engineering20
Why study Thermo of mixtures: MotivationWhy study Thermo of mixtures: Motivation-Example, i.e. SCF measurements, others?-UO systems (discuss general PFD and where separations fits in plus other things like HT, MT, staged processes, etc)-Simulators: AspenPlus, Fluent, Comsol, ChemSep, others.
Today’s Chemical Engineering21
Why study Thermo of mixtures: MotivationWhy study Thermo of mixtures: Motivation-Example, i.e. SCF measurements, others?-UO systems (discuss general PFD and where separations fits in plus other things like HT, MT, staged processes, etc)-Simulators: AspenPlus, Fluent, Comsol, ChemSep, others.
Today’s Chemical Engineering22
Why study Thermo of mixtures: MotivationWhy study Thermo of mixtures: Motivation-Example, i.e. SCF measurements, others?
Supercritical Fluid Extraction (2nd), M. McHugh & V. Krukonis, Elsevier (1994)
Today’s Chemical Engineering23
Why study Thermo of mixtures: MotivationWhy study Thermo of mixtures: Motivation-Example, i.e. SCF measurements, others?
Supercritical Fluid Extraction (2nd), M. McHugh & V. Krukonis, Elsevier (1994)
Today’s Chemical Engineering24
Why study Thermo of mixtures: MotivationWhy study Thermo of mixtures: Motivation-Example, i.e. SCF measurements, others?-UO systems (discuss general PFD and where separations fits in plus other things like HT, MT, staged processes, etc)-Simulators: AspenPlus, Fluent, Comsol, ChemSep, others.
Today’s Chemical Engineering25
Why study Thermo of mixtures: MotivationWhy study Thermo of mixtures: Motivation-Example, i.e. SCF measurements, others?-UO systems (discuss general PFD and where separations fits in plus other things like HT, MT, staged processes, etc)-Simulators: AspenPlus, Fluent, Comsol, ChemSep, others.
Today’s Chemical Engineering26
Why study Thermo of mixtures: MotivationWhy study Thermo of mixtures: Motivation-Example, i.e. SCF measurements, others?-UO systems (discuss general PFD and where separations fits in plus other things like HT, MT, staged processes, etc)-Simulators: AspenPlus, Fluent, Comsol, ChemSep, others.
Course Overview27
Course Overview28
Course Overview29
Course Overview30
Chapter 5- Thermodynamic Web- Departure Functions- Review Equations of state (chapter 4, briefly)
Chapter 6Chapter 6- Equilibrium (chemical potential)
* Pure Component* Mixtures
Ch t 7Chapter 7- Fugacity (chemical potential fugacity equilibrium calculations)
* Vapor (overview), liquid, solids- Activity Coefficients [Fugacity Coefficients (overview)]y [ g y ( )]
Chapter 8- Phase Equilibrium
* Diagrams* Vapor Liquid (VLE)* Vapor – Liquid (VLE)* Liquid – Liquid (LLE)* Solid – Liquid (SLE)
Chapter 9- Reaction Equilibria
Questions?31