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Chemical and Physical Changes
Notes
Warm - Up What are the three states of matter?
Which state of matter is most easily compressed?
Which state(s) of matter have a definite volume?
What is the definition of a heterogeneous mixture?
ObjectiveToday I will be able to:
Describe the classification of matterDifferentiate between a chemical and physical
change
HomeworkChemical and Physical Changes WS
Wear Closed Toe Shoes Tuesday
AgendaWarm – Up
Classification of Matter Notes
Sorting Activity
Chemical and Physical Changes Notes
Sorting Activity
Chemical and Physical Changes Worksheet
Classification of Matter Review Game
Classification of Matter Review Game
The Rules5 minutes or all of the examples
One person goes at a time, in order
Classify the substance as element, compound, heterogeneous mixture or homogeneous mixture
Player may pass
I keep score
hydrogen
hydrogenelement
atmosphere
atmosphereheterogeneous mixture
sugar
sugarcompound
pitcher of Kool-Aid
pitcher of Kool-Aidhomogeneous mixture
silicon
siliconelement
lithium
lithiumelement
brass (alloy)
brass (alloy)homogeneous mixture
ocean
oceanheterogeneous mixture
salad
saladheterogeneous mixture
titanium
titaniumelement
titanium alloy
titanium alloyhomogeneous mixture
baby food (in a jar)
baby food (in a jar)homogeneous mixture or heterogeneous mixture
sodium
sodiumelement
salt
saltcompound
saline solution for contact lenses
saline solution for contact lenses
solution = homogeneous mixture
pizza
pizzaheterogeneous mixture
carbon
carbonelement
bromine
bromineelement
glass (silicon dioxide)
glass (silicon dioxide)compound
aluminum
aluminumelement
black coffee (brewed)
black coffee (brewed)homogeneous mixture
graphite
graphiteelement
(form of carbon)
water
watercompound
gold
goldelement
Lucky Charms
Lucky Charmsheterogeneous mixture
diamond
diamondelement
(form of carbon)
sulfur
sulfurelement
methane
methanecompound
blood
bloodhomogeneous mixture
milk
milkhomogeneous mixture
potassium
potassiumelement
lithium chloride
lithium chloridecompound
salad dressing
salad dressingheterogeneous mixture
air in a SCUBA tank
air in a SCUBA tankhomogeneous mixture
uranium
uraniumelement
calcium carbonate(sea shells)
calcium carbonate(sea shells)
compound
bronze
bronzehomogeneous mixture
sucrose
sucrosecompound
lead
leadelement
Chemical and Physical Changes
Notes
Physical Properties Description of a substance
undergoing a physical change
Intensive Properties – do not depend on the amount of matter present (density, boiling point, freezing point, color, odor)
Extensive Properties – depend on the amount of matter that is present (mass, volume, pressure, length)
Chemical PropertiesEnables a substance to change
into a brand new substance, and they describe how a substance reacts with other substances
Changes in Matter Through experimentation and
natural occurrences, matter tends to change in either of two ways
- Physical Changes
- Chemical Changes
Physical Changes Only physical properties change
The form of matter changes, but the identity of the matter remains the same
Examples: change in state (phase change), breaking a pencil, tearing paper
Physical ChangesPhase Change – physical
process in which one state of matter is transformed into another
Physical Changes
Physical ChangesDuring a change of state, the
temperature remains constant, but energy must be continually transferred because the particles that make up the sample have different quantities of potential energy before and after the change
Physical Changes
Chemical Changes Properties of original substance disappear as
new substances with different properties are formed
Change in chemical composition
Cannot return to original form
Can be detected through – energy changes (temperature), change in color, emission of gas, solid formed
Examples – wood burning, iron rusting, sour milk
Examples – Chemical or Physical Change?
A match lights when struck
Wood is placed into a chipper
A lump of gold is pounded into a large, thin sheet
Baking powder bubbles and gives off CO2 when it is moistened
A pan of water boils on the stove
Hydrogen Sulfide gas causes silver to tarnish
Reactions Involving Energy
Most chemical reactions, physical changes of state, and dissolving processes involve energy changes
Energy can be released or absorbed
Exothermic Reactions
Endothermic Reactions
Reactions Involving Energy
Exothermic Reactions – reactions that release energy into their surroundings
- Results in a temperature increase
- Feels warm to the touchExample Reaction – Combustion of
Propane
- C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) 3 CO2(g) + 4 H2O(g) + 2043 kJ
Reactions Involving Energy
Endothermic Reactions - reactions that absorb energy from their surroundings
- Results in a temperature decrease
- Feels cold to the touch Example Reaction – Photosynthesis
- Sunlight + 6 CO2(g) + H2O(l) C6H12O6(aq) + 6 O2(g)
Exit TicketWrite down an original example of:
A heterogeneous mixtureA homogeneous mixtureA compoundAn element