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Chemical and Biological Defense Program (CBDP) Briefing
CDR Franca R. Jones, Ph.D.
Principal Director and Director of Medical ProgramsOffice of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Chemical and
Biological Defense
July 23, 2015
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
Chemical and Biological Defense Program
• Established by 50 USC 1522 (PL 103-160) to integrate research, development, and acquisition of capabilities to provide all Services with effective and integrated chemical and biological (CB) defense detection, protection, and response capabilities.
• Remains relevant today as fiscal environment causes Services to cut perceived lower priority efforts. One of the main factors for establishing this program in 1993 was Services were not adequately funding this area.
• Must consider National, Departmental, and Service priorities – Responds to strategic National priorities outlined in the 2014 Quadrennial Defense
Review, the National Strategy for Countering Biological Threats (November 2009), and the National Strategy for Biosurveillance (July 2012)
2
Priorities• Biosurveillance• Diagnostics• Medical Countermeasures • Non-Traditional Agents and
Emerging Threats
Chemical Biological Defense Program (CBDP) Overview
The CBDP supports comprehensive DoD efforts to: Research, develop, and acquire capabilities for a layered, integrated defense
focused on CB threats Better understand potential threats
– Further develop capabilities to respond to current and traditional threats– Respond to natural and emerging infectious diseases– Counter advanced threats (engineered pathogens, Non-traditional agents, etc.)
Secure and reduce dangerous materials whenever possible– Proponent for DoD biosecurity and biosafety – Working with Threat Reduction and Arms Control:
• Cooperative Threat Reduction/Cooperative Biological Engagement Program (CBEP) efforts
• Global CWMD Situational Awareness System (GCAS)
Leverage industry and interagency partnerships
This program is a key part of a comprehensive, national strategy to prevent, protect, and respond to an ever-evolving spectrum of emerging 21st century chemical and biological threats
DoD has unique operational requirements, a global presence, and significant current and emerging threats
3
Chemical and Biological Defense Program Vision, Mission, and Priorities
CBD VisionA Department of Defense that addresses
chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) threats and minimizes
their effects
CBD MissionEnable the Warfighter to deter, prevent, protect,
mitigate, respond, and recover from CBRN threats and effects as part of a layered, integrated defense
The CBDP is a key part of a comprehensive national strategy to prevent, protect, and respond to an evolving spectrum of 21st Century CBRN threats 4
NCB MissionDrive the capability to prevent, protect against, and
respond to weapons of mass destruction threats
NCB VisionA world safe from nuclear, chemical, and
biological threats
CBDP Enterprise Organization
5
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYREQUIREMENTS
Chairman,Joint Chiefsof Staff
Director, J-8
Joint RequirementsOfficeCBRN Defense
Under Secretary of Defense(Acquisition, Technology,and Logistics)
OVERSIGHT
Assistant to the Secretary of Defense(Nuclear, Chemical, and BiologicalDefense Programs)
Deputy Assistant to theSecretary of Defense forChemical Biological Defense andChemical Demilitarization Programs
Joint Science and Technology Office(Chemical and Biological Defense)
Director, Defense ThreatReduction Agency (DTRA)
DARPA
Overarching Integrated Product Team (OIPT)
• Under Secretary of Defense (Policy)• Ass’t Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs)• DoD General Counsel• Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)• Services• Other Stakeholders
Joint Program Executive OfficeChemical and Biological DefenseJoint Program Executive OfficeChemical and Biological Defense
CBDPTest and Evaluation ExecutiveCBDPTest and Evaluation Executive
Program Analysis and Integration OfficeProgram Analysis and Integration Office
Army Chief of StaffArmy Chief of Staff
Secretary of the ArmySecretary of the Army
Deputy Under Secretary ArmyDeputy Under Secretary Army Army Acquisition ExecutiveArmy Acquisition Executive
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYREQUIREMENTS
Chairman,Joint Chiefs
of Staff
Director, J-8
Joint RequirementsOffice
CBRN Defense
Under Secretary of Defense(Acquisition, Technology
and Logistics)
OVERSIGHT
Assistant Secretary of Defense(Nuclear, Chemical, and Biological
Defense Programs)
Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Chemical and Biological Defense
Joint Science and Technology Office(Chemical and Biological Defense)
Director, Defense ThreatReduction Agency (DTRA)
DARPA
Overarching Integrated Product Team (OIPT)
• Under Secretary of Defense (Policy)• Ass’t Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs)• DoD General Counsel• Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)• Services• Other Stakeholders
Joint Program Executive OfficeCBRN Defense
CBDPTest and Evaluation Executive
Program Analysis and Integration Office
Army Chief of Staff
Secretary of the Army
Deputy Under Secretary Army Army Acquisition Executive
ADV DEVELOPMENT & ACQUISITIONPROGRAM INTEGRATIONTEST AND EVALUATION
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Biological Threats Traditional Threats
Bacterial pathogens (anthrax, plague)Viral pathogens (WEE, VEE, Ebola)Toxins (botulinum, ricin)
Emerging ThreatsCurrent infectious diseases (Influenza, Brucellosis)Emerging infectious disease (zoonotic pathogens)
Threat Environment
6
Chemical ThreatsTraditional Threats
Chemical warfare agents (nerve, blood, blister, and pulmonary)Agents designed for military operations/applicationsToxic Industrial Materials (TIMs)/Toxic Industrial Chemicals (TICs)
Advanced ThreatsNon-traditional Agents (NTA)Asymmetric applications and/or engagements
Enhanced ThreatsStrains enhanced for environmental survivability Selection or creation of hypervirulent strains and pathogens with increased resistance to preventatives and treatments
Advanced ThreatsPathogens with altered targets or symptoms to confound diagnosis and treatmentCreating viruses de novo
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Coordination, Cooperation, Integration
7
Department of Defense
InternationalInteragency
Industry and Academia
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Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Chemical and Biological Defense
Total Chemical and Biological Protection for the Warfighter
8
Internal External
Environmental
Detection
Individual Protection
Collective Protection
Decontamination
Vaccines
Pre-treatments
Diagnostics
Therapeutics
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Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Chemical and Biological Defense
CBDP: A Systems Approach
9
Pre-Incident Post-IncidentIncident
CBD
P Ca
pabi
lities
Cons
truc
ts Sense Shape Shield Sustain
Prevent Protect Respond Recover
Pretreatments
Surveillance
Detection
Surveillance
Detection
Reconnaissance
Individual Protection
Collective Protection
Therapeutics
Diagnostics
Decontamination
Common Technologies
Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Chemical and Biological Defense
The DoD’s development and prepositioning of a diagnostic assay for Ebola allowed rapid deployment of this asset when the need arose in West Africa.
The DoD’s EZ-1 assay was used extensively overseas as well as at home.
Ebola Diagnostic Assay EZ-1
Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Chemical and Biological Defense11
The DoD also contributed to the development of the BioFire Filmarray, an improved assay for diagnosing Ebola virus disease, as well as other infectious diseases.
BioFire Filmarray Assay
Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Chemical and Biological Defense
Originally funded by the DoD, ZMAPP is a cocktail of three humanized antibodies that bind to the Ebola glycoprotein.
Production of these antibodies in tobacco plants required extensive biological and process engineering efforts.
ZMAPP
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Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Chemical and Biological Defense
Transport Isolation System
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The Transport Isolation System (TIS) provides a patient isolation unit to increase caregiver safety (expands single patient Aeromedical Biological Containment System (ABCS) concept to multiple patient use on military cargo aircraft
The primary goal of the TIS100A is to preserve and enhance the Aeromedical Evacuation (AE) mission by providing an adaptable / modular isolation system
The TIS provides aircraft crew with a system for the effective isolation of exposed / infected personnel during flight operations
The TIS integrates with the C-17 and C-130 transportation aircraft (among others)
Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Chemical and Biological Defense
The Field Deployable Hydrolysis System (FDHS) is a system designed to render chemical warfare materiel into compounds not usable as weapons with a resulting destruction efficiency of 99.9 percent.
The FDHS was mounted on the MV Cape Ray and deployed to Syria charged with the destruction of their chemical weapons stockpiles.
Aug. 18, 2014 – Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel has congratulated the crew of the Cape Ray for completing the work of neutralizing Syrian chemical weapons components.
Field Deployable Hydrolysis System
14
Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Chemical and Biological Defense
Chemical Biological Protective Shelter
15
Program DescriptionMobile, self-contained, rapidly deployable chemical and biological shelter that provides a contamination-free, environmentally-controlled medical treatment area for U.S. Army Medical units
Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Chemical and Biological Defense
Provides a set of tools and capabilities that will facilitate the timely identification and detection of biological events in order to minimize operational impacts to the local and global populations.
Provides an integrated suite of web-based components designed to support public health officers, environmental officers, clinicians, physicians, and CBRN personnel as they maintain their situational awareness of local, regional, and global biological threats to the public.
BSP 1.0 leverages existing tools and technologies to provide users across multiple organizations and disciplines with a centralized “one-stop shop” for all of their Biosurveillance resources.
The Biosurveillance Portal (BSP)
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Reducing Operational Impacts from Chemical and Biological Threats
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Operational Impact
Prevent Protect Respond Recover
Additional Pretreatments
Improve Surveillance (Information & Sensors)
Additional Vaccines
Decontamination
Detection Protection
Integrated Protection
How can we fill the gap to reduce operational impact?
Effectiveness of Countermeasures
Therapeutics Bio defense
detect / diagnose to treat
Biological Window of Treatment
Limited Vaccines
Biological Window of Treatment
Therapeutics Detection
Protection Decontamination
Prepare Exposure Pre-symptomatic Symptomatic
Chemical Window of Treatment
Limited Pretreatments
Chem defensedetect to warn
Biological Window of Treatment
Prepare Exposure Pre-symptomatic Symptomatic
Diagnostics
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• The CBDP is pursuing an approach that provides comprehensive protection to the Warfighter and the Nation against current and future threats.
• The CBDP is the center of gravity within the U.S. Government for defense against NTA threats.
• DoD/HHS are indispensable partners in the coordinated development of chemical and biological defense medical countermeasures for the Warfighter and the Nation.
• The CBDP must maintain critical infrastructure to achieve its strategic goals and objectives.
The Bottom Line
18UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Chemical and Biological Defense
"The level of outbreak [Ebola] is beyond anything we’ve seen—or even imagined."
- Dr. Tom Frieden, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, September 2014
“On that terrible night, the world saw in gruesome detail the terrible nature of chemical weapons, and why the overwhelming majority of humanity has declared them off-limits -- a crime against humanity, and a violation of the laws of war.”- President Obama, September 10, 2013
These Challenges are Relevant Today…
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Questions?
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED