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CHEM 433 – 11/5/10. V. Phase Equilibria (Pure Substances) • Derivation of Phase Boundaries (4.6) • Eherenfest Classification of Phase Transitions (4.7): 1st order vs. 2nd order READ: FINISH CHAPTER 4. Thermodynamic Criterion of EQ: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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CHEM 433 – 11/5/10
V. Phase Equilibria (Pure Substances)
• Derivation of Phase Boundaries (4.6)
• Eherenfest Classification of Phase Transitions (4.7): 1st order vs. 2nd order
READ: FINISH CHAPTER 4
Thermodynamic Criterion of EQ:
“At equilibrium, the chemical potential of a substance is the same throughout the sample, regardless of how many phases are present.”
A typical Clausius-Claperon problem:
At sea level (Patm=760 Torr), H2O boils at 100°C. What is Tb in Boulder, CO (Patm= 620 Torr)?
a) 106 °C b) 100°C c) 96°C d) 72 °C
(Let’s look at the diagram and think first!)
Sample Exam #4 problem:
Starting from the Claperon Equation:
Show that the solid-vapour phase boundary is given by:
Where subH and subV refer to sublimation.
€
dp
dT=
Δ trsS
Δ trsV
€
p = p*e−χ where χ =ΔsubH
R
1
T−
1
T*
⎛
⎝ ⎜
⎞
⎠ ⎟
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_transition_temperature