checklist of the mallophaga of north america (north of mexico)

The Genera and Species of the Mallophaga

of North America (North of Mexico).

Part I Suborder ISCHNOCERA

by

K. C. Emerson, PhD

DEFENSE PEST MGMT INFO ANALYSIS CTR AFPMB, FOREST GLEN SECTION, WRAMC WASHINGTON, DC 20307-5001

,PREFACE

This volume is essentially a revision of my 1964 publication. Checklist of the Mallophaga of North America (north of Mexico), which reflects the taxonomic studies published since that date.

Host criteria for the birds has been expanded to include consideration of all species listed in The A. 0. U. Check- list of North American Birds, Fifth Edition (1957)~A few species of birds definitely known to be extinct are omitted for the listings of probable hosts, even though new species may still be found on museum skins.

Mammal hosts considered remain those Irecorded in Miller and Kellogg, List of North American Recent Mammals (1955), as being found north of Mexico.

If the present volume of taxonomic studies of Mallophaga continues, another revision will be necessary in a few years. Much remains to be done on the taxonomy of several genera and host groups, especially the forms found on the Passeriformes .

CONTENTS

PHILOPTERIDAE Acidoproctus Acutifrons Anaticola Anatoecus Aquanirmus Ardeicola Brueelia Campanulotes Carduiceps

Chelopistes Cirrophthirius Colinicola Coloceras Columbicol.a Craspedonirmus Craspedorrhyncbus Cuclotogaster Cuculicola Cuculoecus Cummingsiella Degeeriella Docophoroides Episbates Esthiopterum Falcolipeurus

Fulicoffula Goniocotes Goniodes Haffneria Halipeurus

Harrisoniella Ibidoecus Incidifrons Lagopoecus Lipeurus Lunaceps

Mulcticola

Naubates Neophilopterus Numidilipeurus Ornithobius Oxylipeurus �Paraclisis Pectinopygus Penenirrnus Perineus Philoceanus Philopterus Physconelloides Piciola Pseudonirmus Quadraceps Rallicola Rhynonirmus

Rotundiceps Saemundssonia Strigiphilus Sturnidoecus Trabeculus Trogoninirmus Vernoniella TRICHODECTIDAE Bovicola Eutrichophilus Felicola Geomydoecus Lutridia

Neotrichodectes ’ Stachiella Suricatoecus Trichodectes Tricholipeurus

Suborder ISCHNOCERA

FAMILY PHILOPTERIDAE

Genus ACIDOPROCTUS

Acidoproctus Piaget, 1878. Tijdschr. Ent., 21: 178, Type species: Acidoproctus marginatus Piaget, 1878, a synonym of Acidoproctus rostratus (Rudow, 1866) (By subsequent designation by Johnston and Harrison, 1911, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W., 36: 3Z6).

Akidoproctus Piaget, 1880, Les Pediculines: 208 (Emendation).

Heteroproctus Harrison, 1915. Parasitology, 7: 394. Type species: Heteroproctus hilli Harrison, 1915.

For a brief discussion of the genus, see Timmermann, 1962 (Zeitr. Parasit., 22: 142). Distribution in North America is limited to hosts of the genus Dendrocygna, order Anseriformes.

Acidoproctus maximus Piaget, 1878 Acidoproctus maximus Piaget, 1878. Tijdschr. Ent., 21: 183, pi. 12, figs. E and F.

Akidoproctus kelloggi Carriker, 1902. J. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 10: 228, pi. 22, figs. 1 and 2.

Acidoproctus hopkinsi Carriker, 1949. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 100: 379, figs. 44d-g.

Acidoproctus hopkinsi mexicanus Carriker, 1954. Florida Ent., 37: 191, figs. 8 and 9.

Type host; Dendrocygna arborea (Linnaeus)--West Indian Tree Duck.

Other North American host: Dendrocygna autumnalis (Linnaeus)--Black-bellied Tree Duck.

Acidoproctus rostratus (Rudow, 1866) Ornithobius rostratus Rudow, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss. 27: 465.

Acidoproctus marginatus Piaget, 1878. Tijdschr Ent. , 21: 181, pi. 12, fig. G.

Type host: Dendrocygna viduata (Linnaeus). North American host: Dendrocygna bicolor (Vieillot)-- Fulvous Tree Duck.

Genus ACUTIFRONS

Acutifrons Guimaraes, 1942. Pap. Avulsos Dept. Zool. S. Paulo, 2: 235.

Type species: Acutifrons vierai Guimaraes, 1942.

Distribution of this genus is not well-known, but it appears to be found on some species of Falconiformes with a neotropical distribution.

Acutifrons mexicanus Emerson, 1966 Acutifrons mexicanus Emerson, 1966. Florida Ent., 49: 49, fig. 1.

Type host; Caracara cheriway (Jacquin) -- Caracara.

Acutifrons orbiculatus Carriker, 1956 Acutifrons orbiculatus Carriker, 1956. Rev. Brasil. Ent.,

5: 119, figs. 5-7. Type host: Buteo platypterus (Vieillot)--Broad-winged Hawk.

Genus ANATICOLA

Anaticola Clay, 1936. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1936; 617. Type species: Esthiopterum crassicorne (Scopoli, 1763i.

No revision or comprehensive study of this genus is available. A comprehensive study might prove that the subspecies listed here are not valid. Each species of North American Anseriformes not listed is probably a host for species of this genus.

Anaticola anseris anseris (Linnaeus, 1758) Pediculus anseris Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., ed. 10: 612.

Philopterus jejunus Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: 292 (nn for P. anseris Linnaeus, 1758).

Ornithobius anseris Gurit, 1842. Mag. ges. Thierheilk, 8: 426, pi. 4, figs. 12-13.

Lipeurus bishoppi McGregor, 1717. Psyche, 24: 111, pi. 6, figs, 2 and 4.

Esthiopterum anseris domestic! Wundrig, 1936. Zool. Jl>. Abt. 2, 62: 84, fig. 51.

Type host: Domestic Goose.

Anaticola anseris serratus (Nitzsch, 1866) Lipeurus serratus Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, 2. ges. NatWiss., 28; 385.

Type host: Anser albifrons (Scopoli)--White-fronted Goose.

Anaticola chaetodens Eichler, 1954 Anaticola chaetodens Eichler, 1954. Zool. Anz., 152; 33, fig. 2e.

Type host: Dendrocygna bicolor (Vieillot)--Fulvous Tree Duck.

Anaticola crassicornis angustolimbatus (Giebel, 1866) Lipeurus angustolimbatus Giebel, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 386.

Type host: Oidemia nigra (Linnaeus)--Common Scoter.

Anaticola crassicornis clangulae (0. Fabricius, 1780) Pedicutus ctangulae 0. Fabricius, 1780, Fauna Groenlandica: 217.

Type host: Bucephala islandica (Gmelin)--Barrow’s Golden-eye.

Anaticola crassicornis constrictus (Kellogg, 1896) Lipeurus constrictus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 125, pi. 8, figs. 7-8.

Type host: Melanitta deglandi (Bonaparte)--White-winged Scoter or Melanitta perspicillata (Linnaeus)--Surf Scoter.

Anaticota crassicornis cornicephatus (Zavaleta, 1946) Esthiopterurn cornicephalum Zavaleta, 1946. Ann. Inst. Biol. Mex. 16; 445, fig. 1.

Type host: Aythya affinis (Eyton)--Lesser Scaup.

Anaticola crassicornis crassicornis (Scopoli, 1763) Pediculus crassicornis Scopoli, 1763. Ent. Carniolica; 383. Pedicutus anatis Schrank, 1781. Enum. Ins. Austr. Indig.: 503.

Pediculus anatis J. C. Fabricius, 1794. Ent. Syst. Suppl.: 571.

Lipeurus squalidus Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Gerrnar, 3: 292 (nn for P. anatis J. C. Fabricius, 1794).

Anaticola zunkeri Keter, 1937. Arb. morph. tax. Ent. Berlin-Dahlem, 4: 318.

Type host: Anas ptatyrhynchos Linnaeus--Mallard.

Anaticola crassicornis dafilensis Carriker, 1956 Anaticota dafilensis Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent., 39: 130,

figs. 79-81. Type host: Anas acuta Linnaeus--Pintail.

Anaticola crassicornis depuratus (Nitzsch, 1866) Lipeurus depuratus Nitzsch, 1866, In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 385.

Type host: Anas strepera Linnaeus--Gadwall.

"Anaticola crassicornis frater" (Giebel, 1874) Lipeurus frater Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 242 (nee p. 210).

Type host: Clangula hyena alis (Linnaeus)--Oldsquaw.

Anaticota crassicornis fqligulae (T. Mttller, 1927) Lipeurus fuligulae T. Mliller, 1927. Ber. westpreuss. hot. -zool. Ver., 49: 23.

Type host; Aythya ferina (Linnaeus)--Cominon Pochard.

"Anaticola crassicornis gracilis" (Giebel, 1874) Lipeurus gracilis Giebel, 1874 (nee Packard, 1870). Insecta Epizoa: 242.

Type host: Somateria spectabilis (Linnaeus)--King Eider.

Anaticola crassicornis hopkinsi Eichler, 1954 Anaticola hopkinsi Eichler, 1954. Zool. Anz., 152: 33,

fig. 2d. Type host: Spatula clypeata (Linnaeus)--Shoveller.

Anaticola crassicornis lepidotus (Rudow, 1869) Lipeurus lepidotus Rudow, 1869. Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph.: 36.

Type host: Aix sponsa (Linnaeus)--Wood Duck.

Anaticola crassicornis mergiserrati (deGeer, 1778) Ricinus roergi-serrati deGeer, 1778. Mem. Hist. Inst*,

7: 78, pi. 4, fig. 13. Pediculus roergi J. C. Fabricius, 1781. Spec. Ins., 2: 480 (nn for R. mergi-serrati deGeer, 1778).

Lipeurus temporalis Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Gernaar, 3: 292 (nn for "R. mergi deGeer").

Type host: Mergus serrator Linnaeus--Red-breasted Merganser.

Anaticola crassicornis penelopes (T. MUller, 1927) Lipeurus penelopes T. MUller, 1927. Ber. westpreuss bot. -zool. Ver., 49: 25.

Type host: Marcea penelope (Linnaeus)--European Widgeon.

Anaticola crassicornis punctulatus (Rudow, 1869) Lipeurus punctulatus Rudow, 1869. Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph.: 35.

Type host: Melanitta fusca (Linnaeus)--Velvet Scoter.

10

Anaticola crassicornis rubromaculatus (Rudow, 1869) Lipeurus rubrornaculatus Rudow, 1869. Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph: 43.

Type host: Somateria mollissima (Linnaeus)--Comrnon Eider.

Anaticola crassicornis sordidus (Giebel, 1866) Lipeurus sordidus Giebel, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 385.

Columbicola ewingi Qadri, 1935. Zeitr. Parasit., ,8: 233, fig. 6. Type host: Anas crecca Linnaeus--Coinmon Teal.

"Anaticola pallidus" (Piaget, 1880) Lipeurus squalidus pallidqs Piaget, 1880 (nee Giebel, 1866). Les Pediculines: 346.

Type host: Otor buccinator Richardson--Trumpeter Swan.

Anaticola phoenicopteri candidus (Rudow, 1869) Lipeurus Candidas Rudow, 1869. Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph.: 39.

Type host: Phoenicopterus ruber Linnaeus--American Flamingo.

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Genus ANATOECUS

Anatoecus Cummings, 1916. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1916: (>53. Type species: Anatoecus icterodes (Nitzsch, 1818).

Cereopsoecus Keler, I960. Zeitr. Parasit. , 20: 238. Type species: Cereopsoecus clavae Keler, I960.

Flamingobius Keler, I960. Zeitr. Parasit. , 20: 305. Type species: Docophorus pygaspis Nitzsch. 1866.

Benatoecus Ziotorzycka. 1970. Bull. Ent. Polon., 40: 10. Type species: Anatoecus dentatus (Scopoli, 1763).

For a recent study of this genus, see Keler, I960 (Zeitr. Parasit., 20: 207). Whether or not Anatoecus icterodes is a dimor- phic form of Anatoecus dentatus has not been settled satisfactorily. I believe that a comprehensive study will show that subspecies should not be recognized. The classification given here is from Keler and Ziotorzycka.

All species of Anseriformes from North America not listed are probable hosts for species of this genus.

Anatoecus cvgni bracteatus Keler, I960. Anatoecus cvgni bracteatus Keler, I960. Zeitr. Parasit., 20: 227.

Type host: Cygnus cygnus (Linnaeus)--Whopper Swan.

Anatoecus cvgni cvgni (Penny. 1842) Docophorus cvgni Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit, : 46 and 95, pi. 1, fig. 1.

Type host: Cvgrnus bewickii Tarrell. North American host: Olor buccinator Richardson-- Trumpeter Swan.

Anatoecus cvgni emersoni Keler, I960 Anatoecus cvgni emersoni Keler. I960. Zeitr. Parasit., 20: 233.

Type host: Olor colombianus (Ord)--Whistling Swan.

12

Anatoecus dentatus abdominalis Ziotorzycka, 1970 Antaoecus dentatus abdominalis Ziotorzycka, 1970. Bull. Ent. Polon. , 40: 45; photograph 9.

Type host: Anser fabalis Latham--Bean Goose.

Anatoecus dentatus affinis Keler, I960 Anatoecus denatatus affinis Keler, I960. Zeitr. Parasit. ,

20:285. Type host: Aythya affinis (Eyton)--Lesser Scaup.

Anatoecus dentatus autumnalis Carriker, 1956 Anatoecus autumnalis Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent., 39:

126, figs. 73-75. Type host: Dendrocygna autumnalis (Linnaeus)--Black bellied Tree Duck.

Anatoecus dentatais brunneopygus (Mj6berg, 1910) Docophorus brunneopygus Mi6berg, 1910. Ark. Zool., 6: 130, fig. 73.

Type host: Branta leucopsis (Bechstein)--Barnacle Goose.

Anatoecus dentatais clangulus Emerson, 1953 Anatoecus clangulus Emerson, 1953. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 26: 136, figs. 7 and 9.

Type host: Clangula hyemalis (Linnaeus)--Oldsquaw.

Anatoecus dentatus complicatais Ziotorzycka, 1970 Antoecus dentatus complicaturs Ziotorzycka, 1970. Bull.

Ent. Polon., 40: 21, figs. 15-17. Type host: Mareca penelope (Linnaeus)--European Widgeon.

Anatoecus dentatus dentatus (Scopoli, 1763) Pediculus dentatus Scopoli, 1763. Ent. Carniolica: 383. Anatoecus dentatus cognatus Ziotorzycka, 1970. Bull. Ent. Polon., 40: 17, fig. 7.

Type host: Anas platyrhynchos Linnaeus --Mallard. Other North American host: Mergus merganser Linnaeus-- Common Merganser.

Anatoecus dentatus ferruginous (Giebel, 1874) Docophorus ferruginous Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 114. Type host: Spatula clypeata (Linnaeus)--Shoveller

13

Anatoecus dentatus fuligulae Keler. I960 Anatoecus dentatus fuligulae Keler. 1960. Zeitr. Parasit., 20: 280.

Type host: Avthya fuligula (Linnaeus)--Tufted Duck.

Anatoecus dentatus gratus Ziotorzycka, 1970. Anatoecus dentatus gratus Ziotorzycka. 1970. Bull. Ent. Polon., 40: 35 and photograph 6.

Type host; Bucephala clangula (Linnaeus I�Common Goldeneye.

Anatoecus dentatus latiusculus Keler. I960 Anatoecus dentatus latiusculus Keler. I960. Zeitr.

Parasit., 20: 293, fig. 12(13). Type host: Polvsticta stelleri (Pallas)--Steller’s Eider.

Anatoecus dentatus longicephalus Ziotorzycka, 1970 Anatoecus dentatus longicephalus Ziotorzycka, 1970. Bull. Ent. Polon., 40: 19, figs. 10 and 11.

Type host: Anas strepera Linnaeus--Gadwall.

Anatoecus dentatus magnicornutus Ziotorzycka. 1970 Anatoecus dentatus magnicornutus Ziotorzycka, 1970. Bull. Ent. Polon., 40:52, figs. 53 and 54 and photograph 11.

Type host: Cvgnus olor Gmelin�Mute Swan.

Anatoecus dentatus prehensus Ziotorzvcka. 1970 Anatoecus dentatus prehensus Ziotorzycka, 1970. Bull. Ent. Polon., 40: 27, fig. 22 and photograph 3.

Type host: Anas crecca Linnaeus--Common Teal.

Anatoecus dentatus roesleri Eichler, 1946 Anatoecus dentatus roesleri Eichler, 1946. Tijdschr. Ent. 87: 76.

Type host: Melanitta fusca (Linnaeus)--Velvet Scoter.

Anatoecus dentatus somateriae Keler, I960 Anatoecus dentatus somateriae Keler, I960. Zeitr. Parasit. 20: 291, figs. 12(11), 12(14), 40 and 47.

Type host: Somateria mollissima (Linnaeus)-Common Eider.

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Anatoecus icterodes adustus (Nitzsch, 1874) Docophorus adustus Nitzsch, 1874. In Giebel, Insecta Epizoa: 113.


Anatoecus icterodes bipunctatus (Giebel, 1874) Docophorus bipunctahis Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 116. Type host: Mergus merganser Linnaeus -- ComTOOn Merganser.

Anatoecus icterodes boschadis Keler. I960 Anatoecus icterodes boschadis Keler. I960. Zeitr.

Parasit., 20: 253. Anatoecus icterodes discludus Ziotorzycka, 1970. Bull. Ent. Polon., 40: 15, figs. 5 and 6.

Type host: Anas platyrhvnchos Linnaeus--Mallard.

Anatoecus icterodes brevimaculatus (Giebel. 1874) Docophorus brevimaculatus Giebel. 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 114.

Type host: Answer albifrons (Scopoli)--White-fronted Goose.

Anatoecus icterodes dissensus Ziotorzycka, 1970 Anatoecus icterodes dissensus Ziotorzvcka. 1970. Bull.

Ent. Polon., 40:33, fig. 30 and photographs 4 and 5. Type host: Bucephala clangula (I-iinnaeus)--Common Goldeneye.

Anatoecus icterodes difficilis Cummings, 1916 Anatoecus difficilis Cummings, 1916. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1916: 654 and 659.

Type host: Aythya ferina (Linnaeus)--Common Pochard. Other North American host: Avthva americana (Eyton)-- Redhead.

Anatoecus icterodes eichleri Ziotorzvcka. 1970 Anatoecus icterodes eichleri Ziotorzycka. 1970. Bull.

Etit. Polon., 40: 25, fig. 21 and photograph 2. Type host: Anas crecca Linnaeus -- Common Teal.

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Anatoecus icterodes emersonianus Keler. 1961 Anatoecus icterodes emersoni Keler. 1960. Zeitr. Pansit., 20: 243 (ngs. p. 233) figs. 12(5) and 32.

Anatoecus icterodes emersonianus Keler. 1961. Entomologist, 94: 257 (nn for A. icterodes emersoni Keler, I960).

Type host: Chen hvperborea (Pallas)--Snow Goose.

Anatoecus icterodes icterodes (Nitzsch, 1818) Docophorus icterodes Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: 290.

Pediculus mergi Guerin. 1818 (nee J. C. Fabricius, 1781). In Bonaterre. Encyc. Method., pt. 24: 128, pi. 254, fig. 2.

Nirmus fuligulae Penny. 1852. List Brit. Animals in Brit.

Mus., pt. 2, Anoplura: 13 (fln.for^, icterodes Nitzsch, 1818).

Type host: Mergus serrator Linnaeus--Red-breasted Merganser.

Anatoecus icterodes islandicus Ziotorzycka, 1970. Anatoecus icterodes islandicus Ziotorzvcka, 1970. Bull. Ent. Polon. . 40: 35, figs. 31 and 32.

Type host: Bucephala islandica (Gmelin)--Barrow’s

Goldeneye.

Anatoecus icterodes marcui Keler, I960 Anatoecus icterodes marcui Keler. I960. Zeitr. Parasit.,

20: 284. Type host: Avthva affinis (Evton)--Lesser Scaup.

Anatoecus icterodes mollissimae Keler. I960 Anatoecus icterodes mollissimae Keler. I960. Zeitr.

Parasit., 20:289, fig. 12(12) and 28. Type host: Somateria mollissima (Linnaeus I�Common Eider.

Anatoecus icterodes natatorum (Rudow. 1869) Docophorus natatorum Rudow. 1869. Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph. : 15.

Type host: Clangula hvemalis (Linnaeus)--Old-squaw

(see Keler, I960, Zeitr. Parasit., 20:286).

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Anatoecus icterodes obtusus (Giebel, 1866) Docophorus obtusus Glebel, 1866. Z. gas. NatWiss. , 28: 363.

Type host: Aythya fuligula (Linnaeus)--Tufted Duck.

Anatoecus icterodes oloris Ziotorzycka, 1970 Anatoecus icterodes oloris Ziotorzycka, 1970. Bull. Ent. Polon., 40: 50, fig. 48, and photograph 10.

Type host: Cygnus olor (Gmelin)--Mute Swan.

Anatoecus icterodes pallidus Keler, I960 Anatoecus icterodes pallidus Keler, I960. Zeitr. Parasit., 20:246.

Type host: Chen hyperborea (Pallas)--Snow Goose.

Anatoecus icterodes simplicatus Ziotorzycka, 1970. Anatoecus icterodes simplicatus Ziotorzycka, 1970. Bull. Ent. Polon., 40: 20, figs. 12-14.

Type host; Mareca penelope (Linnaeus)--European Widgeon.

Anatoecus icterodes simillimus Keler, I960 Anatoecus icterodes simillimus Keler, I960. Zeitr.

Parasit. , 20: 275, fig. 12(3). Type host: Aythya americana (Eyton)--Redhead.

Anatoecus icterodes solivagus Ziotorzycka, 1970 Anatoecus icterodes solivagus Ziotorzycka, 1970. Bull. Ent. Polon., 40: 18, figs, 8 and 9.

Type host: Anas strepera Linnaeus --Gadwall.

Anatoecus icterodes tadornae Ziotorzycka, 1970 Anatoecus icterodes tadornae Ziotorzycka, 1970. Bull.

Ent. Polon., 40: 48, figs. 46 and 47. Type host: Tadorna tadorna (Linnaeus )--Sheld Duck.

Anatoecus icterodes tendeiroi Keler, 1963 Anatoecus icterodes tendeiroi Keler, 1963. Zeitr. Parasit.,

20.: 270. Type host: Spatula clypeata (Linnaeus)--Shoveller.

17

Anatoecus icterodes tergalis Ziotorzycka, 1970 Anatoecus icterodes tergalis Ziotorzycka, 1970. Pull. Ent. Polon., 40; 44, and photographs 7 and 8.

Type host: Answer fabalis Latharn--Bean Goose.

Anatoecus keleri Clay, 1962 Anatoecus keleri Clay, 1962. Ent. Berichten, 22: 222, figs. 1-5.

Type host: Phoenicopterus ruber Linnaeus--American Flamingo.

Anatoecus penicillatus Keler, I960 Anatoecus penicillatus Keler, I960. Zeitr. Parasit., 20: 235, fig. 43.

Type host: Cygnus olor (Gmelin)--Mute Swan.

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Genus AQUANIRMUS

Aquanirmus Clay and Meinertzhagen, 1939. Entomologist, 72: 163.

Type species: Degeeriella runcinata (Nitzsch, 1866).

For a study of this genus, see Edwards, 1965 (Canad. Ent., 97: 920). All probable North American species are listed.

Aquanirmus americanus (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899) Nirmus fuscomarginatus americanus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 69. pi. 5, fig. 9.

Type host: Podiceps caspicus (Hablizi)- -Eared Grebe.

[uanirmus bahi chamberlini Edwards, 1965 Aq Aquanirmus bahi chamberlini Edwards, 1965. Canad.

Ent., 97; 931, figs. 2 and 4. Type host: Podiocephalus dominicus (Linnaeus)-- Least Grebe.

Aquanirmus bucomfishi Edwards, 1965 Aquanirmus bucomfishi Edwards, 1965. Canad. Ent., 97: 931, figs. 1, 2 and 4.

Type host: Podiceps auritus Linnaeus--Horned Grebe.

Aquanirmus emersoni Edwards, 1965 Aquanirmus emersoni Edwards, 1965. Canad. Ent., 97: 928, figs. 2, 3 and 4.

Type host: Podiceps grisegena (Boddaert)--Red-necked Grebe.

Aquanirmus occidentalis Edwards, 1965. Aquanirmus occidentalis Edwards, 1965. Canad. Ent,, 97: 928, figs. 2, 4 and 5.

Type host: Aechmophorus occidentatis (Lawrence)-- "Western Grebe.

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Aquanirmus podilymbus Edwards, 1965 Aquanirmus podilymbus Edwards, 1965. Canad. Ent., 97: 928, figs, 2 and 4.

Type host; Podilymbus podiceps (Linnaeus)--Pied- billed Grebe.

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Genus ARDEICOLA

Ardeicola Clay, 1936. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1936: 615. Type species; Esthiopterum ardeae (Linnaeus, 1758).

For a study of this genus, see Tuff, 1967 (J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 40: Z41). The only North American host for which no data are available is: Ardea occidentalis Audubon--Great White Heron.

Ardeicola ajajae Carriker, I960 Ardeicola plataleae ajajae Carriker, 1960. Nov. Cien. Mus. Hist. Nat. LaSalle, No. 28: 50, fig. 51-53.

Type host: Ajaia ajaja (Linnaeus (--Roseate Spoonbill.

Ardeicola ardeae (Linnaeus, 1758) Pediculus ardeae Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., ed.

10: 613. Lipeurus obtusus Stephens, 1829. Cat. Brit. Ins., 2: 332.

Lipeurus leucopygus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent. , 2: 434.

Lipeurus phoenicopteri Macatister, 1871. Quart. J. Micr. Sci. (n.s.), 11: 163, fig.

Lipeurus modestus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 233. Type host: Ardea cinerea Linnaeus--Gray Heron.

Ardeicola botauri (Osborn, 1896) Lipeurus botauri Osborn, 1896. Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5: 234.

Type host: Botaurus lentiginosus (Rackett)--American Bittern.

Ardeicola celeris Tuff, 1967 Ardeicola celeris Tuff, 1967. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 40: 253, figs. 23-25.

Type host; Ixobrychus exilis (Gmelin)- -Least Bittern,

Ardeicola cruscula Carriker, I960 Ardeicola cruscula Carriker, I960. Novedades Colombianas,

1 (5): 318, fig. 1.

Type host: Ardea herodias Linnaeus--Great Blue Heron.

21

Ardeicola elongata Carriker, I960 Ardeicola elongata Carriker, I960. Novedades Colom- bianas, 1 (5): 321, fig. 8

Type host: Eudocimus albus (Linnaeus)--White Ibis.

Ardeicola expallidus Blagoveshtchensky, 1940 Ardeicola expallidus Blagoveshtchensky, 1940. Mag. Parasit., Leningr., 8: 69 and 88, fig. 21.

Ardeicola gaibagia Ansari, 1947. Proc. Nat. Inst. Sci.

India, 13: 256, fig. 1. Ardeieola albulus Eichler, 1948. Vogel der Heimat., no. 6: 107, figs. 2-3.

Type host: Egretta garzetta (Linnaeus)--Little Egret. Other North American hosts:

Bubulcus ibis Linnaeus--Cattle Egret. Casmerodius albus (Linnaeus)--Common Egret. Leucophoyx thula (Molina)--Snowy Egret.

Ardeicola florida florida Carriker, I960 Ardeicola florida Carriker, I960. Novedades Colombianas,

1 (5): 318, fig. 2.

Type host: Florida caerulea (Linnaeus)--Little Blue Heron.

Ardeicola florida nigra Tuff. 1967 Ardeicola florida nigra Tuff, 1967. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 40: 256, figs. 32-33.

Type host: Dichromanassa rufescens (Gmelin)--Reddish Egret.

Other North American hosts: Hydranassa tricolor (Muller)--Louisiana Heron. Butorides virescens (Linnaeus)- -Green Heron.

Ardeicola goisagi Uchida, 1953 Ardeicola goisagi Uchida, 1953, Iconographia Insectorum Japonicorum, Tokyo: 109, fig. 269.

Type host: Nycticorax nvcticorax (Linnaeus)--Black- crowned Night Heron.

22

Ardeicola gracilentus (Piaget, 1890) Lipeurus angustissimus Giebel, 1874 (nee 1866). Insecta Epizoa: 229.

Lipeurus gracilentus Piaget, 1890. Tijdschr. Ent. , 33: 244, pi. 9, fig. 7.

Type host: Eudocimus rubra (Linnaeus)--Scarlet Ibis.

Ardeicola loculator (Giebel, 1874) Lipeurus linearis Rudow, 1869 (nee Nitzsch, 1866). Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph. : 35.

Lipeurus loculator Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 228. Type host: Mycteria americana Linnaeus--Wood Ibis.

Ardeicola nyctanassa Tuff, 1967 Ardeicola nyctanassa Tuff, 1967. J. Kansas Ent. Soc. , 40: 258, figs. 37-39.

Type host: Nyctanassa violacea (Linnaeus) --Yellow - crowned Night Heron.

Ardeicola plataleae (Linnaeus, 1758) Pediculus plataleae Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., 10: 613. Lipeurus platalearum Giebel, 1866. Z. gas. NatWiss. , 28: 384.

Type host: Platalea leucorodia Linnaeus--White Spoonbill.

Ardeicola rhaphidius (Nitzsch, 1866) Lipeurus rhaphidius Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel. Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 384.

Lipeurus argentinus Kellogg, 1906. J. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 14: 46, pi. 2, fig. 2.

Ardeicola guaraunae Eichler, 1943. Mem. Estud. Mus. Coimbra, no. 140: 1, fig. 1.

Ardeicola hoactii Carriker, I960. No-vedades Colomblanas, 1 (5): 319, fig. 3.

Type host: Plegadis falcinellus (Linnaeus)--Glossy Ibis. Other North American host: Plegadis chihi (Vieillot)-- White-faced Ibis.

Ardeicola robusta Tuff, 1967 Ardeicola robusta Tuff, 1967. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 40: 247, figs. 9-12.

Type host: Eudocimus albus (Linnaeus) --White Ibis.

23

Genus BK&ELIA

BrUelia Keler, 1936. Arb. morph. - tax. Ent. Berlin- Dahlem, 3: 257.

Type species: BrUelia rossittensis Keler, 1936 (A synonym of Nirmus brachythorox Giebel, 1874).

Meropsiella Conci, 1941. Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 73: 104. Type species: Nirmus apiastri Denny, 1842.

Corvonirmus Eicher, 1944. Stettin. Ent. Ztg., 105: 81. Type species: Nirmus uncinosus Burmeister, 1838.

Painjunirmus Ansari, 1947. Proc. Nat. Inst, Sci. India, 13: 285.

Type species: Painjunirmus pengya Ansari, 1947.

Traihoriella Ansari, 1947., Proc. Nat. Inst. Sci. India, 13: 290.

Type species: Traihoriella punjabensis Ansari, 1947.

Guimaraesiella Eichler, 1949. Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 79: 11. Type species: Docophorus subalbicans Piaget, 1885 (A synonym of Docophorus papulanus Giebel, 1879).

Xobugirado Eichler, 1949. Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 79: 13. Type species; Nirmus submarginellus Nitzsch, 1866 (A synonym of Nirmus menuraelyrae Coinde, 1859).

AllobrUelia Eichler, 1951. In Forschung und Praxis, Bedeutung der Vogelwelt, Berlin: 36.

Type species: Allobruelia amsel Eichler, 1951

Turdinirmus Eichler, 1951. In Forschung und Praxis, Bedeutung der Vogelwelt, Berlin: 36.

Type species: Nirmus merulensis Penny, 1842.

Hirundiniella Carriker, 1963. Rev. Brasil. Biol., 23: 312. Type .species: Hirundiniella cruscula Carriker, 1963.

24

Olivinirmus Ziotorzycka, 1964. Acta Parasit. Polon., 12:

246. Type species: Nirmus glandarii Penny, 1842.

Maculinirmus Ziotorzycka, 1964. Acta Parasit. Polon., 12: 246.

Type species: Nirmus mundus Nitzsch, 1866.

Nigronirmus Ziotorzycka, 1964. ActaParasit. Polon.,

12: 248. Type species: Nirmus limbatus Burmeister, 1838.

Spironirmus Ziotorzycka, 1964. Acta Parasit. Polon., 12: 261.

Type species: Nirmus nebulosa Burmeister, 1838.

Allonirmus Ziotorzycka, 1964. Acta Parasit. Polon., 12: 263.

Type species: Nirmus tristis Giebel, 1874.

No comprehensive review of this genus is available. See Ansari, 1956 and 1957 (Bull. Brit. Mus. (N.H.), Ent., 4: 371 and 5: 145) for an excellent revision of the species found on Corvidae.

Brueelia abrupta (Osborn, 1896) Nirmui abruptus (Osborn, 1896. Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (N.S.), 5: 229), pi. 2, fig. c.

Type host: Unknown, but probably a species of Icteridae from North America.

Brueelia afzali Ansari. 1957 Brueelia afzali Ansari. 1957. Bull. Brit. Mus. .(N.H.),

’

"Ent., 5: 154, figs. 14, 36-37, and 83-87. Type host: Corvus cryptoleucus Couch--White-necked Raven.

Brueelia. amsel Eichler, 1951. Brueelia amsel Eichler, 1951. In Forschung und Paraxis. Bedeutung der Vogelwelt: 37.

Type host: Turdus merula Linnaeus�Blackbird.

25

Brueelia angulata (Piaget, 188.0) Nirmus angulatus Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 134, pi, 11, fig. 4.

Type host; Unknown.

Brueelia angustifrons (Carriker, 1902) Nirmus angustifrons Carriker, 1902. J. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 10: 221, pi. 21, fig. 2.

Type host: Chondestes grammacus (Say)--Lark Sparrow.

Brueelia ajûla (Burmeister. .18.38) .

Nirmus argulus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent., 2: 430.

Type host: Corvus corax Linnaeus --Comm on Raven.

Brueelia audax fKellogg. 1899) �

’

"Nirmus’ audax Kellogg, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 25, pi. 2, fig. 8.

Type host: Auriparus flaviceps Sundeval--Verdin.

Brueelia biocellata ’(Piaget, ’1880). Nirmus biocellatus Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 666, pi, 55, fig. 2.

Nirmus biocellatus nigropictus Carriker, 1902. J. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 10: 219, pi. 21, fig. 1.

Type host: Pica pica (Linnaeus)--Black-billed Magpie. Other North American host: Pica nuttalli (Audubon)-- Yellow-billed Magpie.

Brueelia brachythorax (Giebel, 1874) Nirmus brachythorax Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 134. Bruelia rossittensis Keler, 1936. Arhi morpb. tax. Ent. Berlin-Dahlem, 3: 257, fig. 1.

Type host: Bomby cilia garrulus (Linnaeus)--Bohemian Waxwing.

Brueelia brevrpes fpiaget.’ 1880) Nirmus brevipes Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 179, pi. - 15, fig-T

Type host; Unknown, but probably a spedes of Hirundinidae.

26

BrnaaUa cedrorum (Piaget, 1880) Nirmus brachythorax cedrorum Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 151, pi. 12, fig. 2.

Type host: Bombycilla cedrorum Vieillot"-Cedar

Waxwing.

Brueelia clayae Ansari, 1956 ’BrUelia clayae Ansari, 1956. Bull. Brit. Mus. (N.H.)

Ent. 4; 375, figs. 7-13. Type host; Cyanocitta cristata (Linnaeiis)--Blue Jay.

Brueelia corydalla Tirnmermann, 1950 BrUelia corydalla Timmermann, 1950. Fauna Is landica,

1: 5, fig. 3 (right). Type host: Anthus pratensis (Linnaeus)--Meadow Pipit.

Brueelia cryptoleucus Ansari, 1957 BrUelia cryptoleucus Ansari, 1957. Bull. Brit. Mus.

(N.H.), Ent., 5: 164, figs. 19, 45-47, and 105-108.

Type host: Corvus cryptoleucus Couch--White-necked Raven.

Brueelia cyclotnorax (Burmeister, 1838) Nirmus cyclothorax Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent.,

2: 429. Type host: Passer montanus (Linnaeus)--European Tree

Sparrow or Fringilla montifringilla Linnaeus-- Brambling. (Common usage has been to use this name for the form found on Passer montanus (Linnaeus).

Brueelia deficiens (Piaget. 18-85) . .

Nirmus deficiens Piaget, 1885. Les Pediculines,

Supplement: 23, pi. 3, fig. 3. Nirmus ampullatus Piaget, 1885. Les Pediculines,

Supplement: 25, pi. 3, fig. 4.

Type host; Cyanopica cyanus (Pallas). North American hosts:

Cyanocitta stelleri (Gmelin)--Steller’s Jay. Aphelocoma coerulescens (Bosc)--Scrub Jay.

27

Brueelia densilimba (Nitzsch. 1866) Nirinus densilimbus Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 368.

Type host: Carduelis carduelis (Linnaeus)--European Goldfinch.

Brueelia domes tica-fKellogg and Chani-qan- 1899) Nirmus longus domesticus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 93.

Type host: Hirunde rustica Linnaeus--Barn Swallow.

Brueelia ductilis (Kellogg and Chapniann, 1899) Nirmus ductilis Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 89, pi. 6, fig. 8.

Type host: Empidonax difficilis Baird--Western Flycatcher.

Brueelia eustigma (Kellogg, 189.6). Nirmus eustigmus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 493, pi. 67, fig. 3.

Type host: Unknown, except that it occurs in North America (See Carriker, 1957, Microentomology, 22: 100).

Srueelia glizi’Balat, 1955 BrUelia glizi Bala’t, 1955. Prace Brn. Zakl. Ceskosl. Acad. Ved., 27: 509, fig. 5.

Type host; Fringilla montifringilla Linnaeus--Brambling.

Brueelia gonio’cofes (Piaget, 1885) Nirmus^ goniocotes Piaget, 1885. Les Pediculines, Supplement: 33, pi. 4, fig. 3.

Type host: Unknown.

Brueelia gracilis (Burmeister. 1838). Nirmus gracilis Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent., 2: 429. Nirmus elongatqs Denny, 1842 (nee Olfers, 1816). Mon. Anopl. Brit.; 53 and 140, pi. 7, fig. 4.

Type host: Detichon urbica. (Linnaeus)--House Martin.

28

Brueelia hamatofasciata {’Piaget, 1890) Pocophorus hamatofasciatus Piaget, 1890. Tijdschr. Ent. , 33: 225, pi. 8, fig. 3.

Type host: Unknown, but probably a species of Cor-vidae.

Brueelia hopkmsi Ansari, 1956.. ’

""BrU’eiia hopkinsi Ansar’i, ’1956. Bull. Brit. Mus. (N. H.) Ent., 4: 379, figs. 21-27.

Type host: Cyanocorax yncas (Boddaert)--Green Jay.

Brueelia iliaci brevicolor Ansari, 1956 BrUelia iliaci brevicolor Ansari, 1956. Biologia, 2: 110, figs.-8-13. .i

Type host: Turdus migratorius Linnaeus--Robin.

Brueelia iliaci (Penny. .184.2)..... _ Nirmus iliaci Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 51 and ’

130, pi/ 9, -fig. 4. Brttelia inornata Timmermann, 1950. Fauna Islandica, "

1: 3, fig. 3 (left). Type host: Turdus music us Linnaeus--Red-wing.

BrueeUa_immaculata’ (Piaêt^ 189P). Nirmus immaculatus Piaget, 1890. Tijdschr. Ent., 33:

230, pi. 8, fig. 7. Type host: Unknown,

Brueelia impdnderabilica E ichler, 19.5 4 BrUelia imponderabilica Eichler, 1954. Nach. Nat. Mus. ’Aschaffenburg, 42: 61, pi. 11, fig. 3.

Type host: Lanius excubitor Linnaeus--Northern Shrike.

Brueelia infrequens (Carriker, 1.902.) .

Nirmus infrequens Carriker, 1902. J. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 10: 220, pi. 20, fig. 3,

Type host: Calcarius lapponicus (Linnaeus)--Lapland Long spur.

Brueejja interposita (Kellogg. 1899) ’"~Nirmus interpositus Kellogg, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif.

"Acad. Sci., 6: 23, pi. 2, fig. 7. Type host: Pendroica petechia (Linnaeus)--Yellow Warbler. (See Carriker, 1957, Microentomology, 22:

101), 29

Brueelia junp (Giebel. 1874) Nirmus juno Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 137. Type host; Coccothraustes coccothrastes (Linnaeus)-- Hawfinch.

� Brueelia krato’chyili Balat, 19.5,8,. BrUelia kratochvili,Balat, 1958. Prace Brn. Zakl. Ceskosl. Ahad. Vet. Jhrg., 30: 410 and 413.

Type host: Motacilla flava Linnaeus--Yellow Wagtail.

Brueelia lautiuscula (Kellogg’an’d Chapman, 1899) tîrmus iautiu’sculus Kellqgg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 90, pi. 6, fig. 9.

Type host: Unknown, probably a species of Icteridae (See Carriker, 1957, Microentomology, 22: 101).

Brueelia limbata. .<;Purro ei s ̂ e r, 18 3,8) Nirmus limbatus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent., 2: 429. ^ Docophorus serenus Rudow, 1869. Beitr, Kenntn. Malloph.: Ib’.

Type host: Loxia curvirostra Linnaeus--Red Crossbill,

Brueelia longa (Kelloge, 1896) Nirmus longus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci.,

6: 490, pi. 67, fig. 1.

Type host: Petrochelidon pyrrhonota (Vieillot)--Cliff Swallow (See Carriker, 1957, Microentomology, 22: 101).

Brueelia longifrons Carriker. 1956 Bruelia longifrons Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent,, 39: 11, fig. 61.

Type host: Parus atricapillus (Linnaeus)--Black-capped Chickadee.

Briieelia marginata (Burmeister. ’1838) Nirmus marginatus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent. 2: 431. Nirmus mar-ginalis Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent. 2: 431. Nirmus intermedia Nitzsch, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 366. (?)

Type host: Turdus pilaris Linnaeus--Fieldfare.

30

Brueelia merulensis (Penny, 1842;) Nirmus merulensis Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.:

51 and 128, pi. 7, fig. 1. Nirmus merulae Denny, 1852. List Brit. Animals in Brit. Mus., Pt. II, Anoplura: 18 (n. n. for N. merulensis Penny, 1842).

Nirmus mandarinus Giglioli, 1864. Quart. J. Micr. Sci., 4: 22, pi. 1,

Type host: Turdus merula Linnaeus--Blackbird.

Brueelia nebulosa (Burmeister, 1838) Nirmus nebulosus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent. , 2: 429.

Pocophorus ochroleucus Nitzsch, 1874. In Giebel, Insecta Epizoa: 90.

BrUelia chitlatilyar Ansari, 1956. Indian J. Ent., 17: 395 (?).

Type host: Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus--Starling,

Brueelia nivalis (Giebel. 1874) Nirmus nivalis Giebel, 1874, Insecta Epizoa: 140. Type host: Plectrophenax nivalis (Linnaeus)--Snow Bunting.

Brueelia ornatissima (Giebel, 1874) Nirmus ornatissimus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 144, Nirmus illustris Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ’

6: 494, pi. 67. fig. 4. Type host: Agelaius phoeniceus (Linnaeus)--Redwinged Blackbird.

Brueetia oyalis: (Neumann. 1890) ’Nirmus ovalis Neumann, 1890. Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat.

Toulouse, 24: 61. Type host: Unknown.

Brueelia pallidula (Har.rison,. 1916) Nirmus pallidus’Osborn, 1896. (nee Piaget, 1880). Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5: 227.

Pegeeriella pallidula Harrison, 1916. Parasitology, 9: 120 (nn for N. pallidus Osborn, 1896).

Type host: Pheucticus ludovicianus (Linnaeus)-- Rose-breasted Grosbeak.

31

Brueelia paraboliceps’(Piaget. 1880) Nirmus paraboliceps Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 135, pi. 11, fig. 5. .

Type host: Unknown.

Brueelia parabolocybe (Carriker, 1903) Nirmus parabolocybe Carriker, 1903. Univ. Stud. Nebr., 3: 137., pi. 2, fig. 3.

Type host: Tyrannus melancholicus Vieillot--Tropical Kingbird.

Brueelia parviguttata’TBlagoveshtchensky, 1940) Degeeriella parviguttata Blagoveshtchensky, 1940. Mag. Parasit., Leningr., 8: 62 and 86, fig. 17.

Type host: Alauda arvensis Linnaeus--Skylark.

Briieelia peninsularis (Iêllogg. 1899) Nirmus peninsularis Kellogg, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 21, pi. 2, fig. 9.

Type host: Phainopepla nitens (Swainson)--Phainopepla.

Brae.eHa..BKturfl_ta (Ogborn, 18.96) mrmus picturatus Osborn, 1896. Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5: 226.

Type host: Sturnella magna (Linnaeus)--Eastern Meadowlark.

Brueelia pvrrhula Eichler, 1954 BrUelia pyrrhula Eichler, 1954. Nach. Natur. Mus. Stadt Aschaffenburg, 42: 62, fig. 5.

Type host: Pyrrhula pyrrhula (Linnaeus)--Bullfinch.

Brueelia rotundata’ (Osborn. 1896) "Nirmus rotundatus Osborn, 1896. Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent.

(n.s.), 5: 226. Type host: Corvus brachyrhynchos Brehm--Common Crow.

32

Brueelia straminea (Penny. 1842) Nirmus stramineus Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: ""53, 139, pi. 8, fig. 9. Degeeriella sublucida Blagoveshtchensky, 1940. Mag. Parasit. Leningr., 8: 58, 85, fig. 15.

Brueelia fixa Ziotorzycka, 1964. Acta Parasit. Polon., "12: 256,"Kgs. 4e-£. Type host: Dendrocopos major (Linnaeus). North American hosts:

Colaptes auratus (Linnaeus)--Yetlow-shafted Flicker.

Colaptes cafer (Gmelin)--Red-shafted Flicker. Centurus carolinus (Linnaeus)--Red-bellied "Woodpecker.

Melanerpes erythrocephalus (Linnaeus)--Red-headed Woodpecker.

Melanerpes formic Ivor us (Swains on)--Acorn Woodpecker.

Asyndesmus lewis (Gray)--Lewis’ Woodpecker. Sphyrapicus varius (Linnaeus)--Yellow-bellied Sapsucker.

Sphyrapicus thyroideus (Cassin)--Williamson’s Sapsucker.

Dendrocopos villosus (Linnaeus)--Hairy Woodpecker. Dendrocopos pubescens (Linnaeus)--Downy Woodpecker. Dendrocopos borealis (Vieillot)--Red-cockaded Woodpecker.

Dendrocopos scalaris (Wagler)--Ladder-backed Woodpecker.

Brueelia. subis (Carriker, 1963) Hirundimella subis Carriker, 1963. Rev. Brasil. Biol., ""23: 315, fig. 32. Type host: Progne subis (Linnaeus)--Purple Martin.

33

Brueelia subtilis (Nitzsch. 1874) Nirmus subtilis Nitzsch, 1874. In Giebel, Insecta Epizoa: 137.

BrUelia subtilis obligata Eichler, 1954. Nach. Natur. Mus. Aschaffenburg, 42: 63, pi. 13, fig. 6.

Type host: Passer domesticus (Linnaeus)--House Sparrow or Passer montanus (Linnaeus)--European Tree Sparrow. (Common usage has been to use this name for the form found on Passer domesticus (Linnaeus).

Bru’eelia ta’sniemae Ansari. 1957. BrUelia tasniemae Ansari, 1957. Bull. Brit. Mus. (N.H.), Ent., 5: 152, figs. 12, 32, 33, and 74-78.

Type host: Corvus frugilegus Linnaeus--Rook.

Briieelia tenuis (Burmeister. .1838) Nirmus tenuis Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent., 2: 429. Type host: -Riparia riparia (Linnaeus)--Bank Swallow.

Bru’eelia uncinosa’< Burmeister. 1838) Nirmus uncinosus Burmeister, 1838. Handb, Ent,, 2: 430. Type host: Corvus cornix Linnaeus--Hooded Crow.

Brueelia vulgata (Kellogg, 1896) Nirmus vulgatus Kellogg, 1896. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 496, pi. 67, fig. 5.

Type host: Junco hyemalis (Linnaeus)--Slate-colored Junco (See Carriker, 1957, Microentomology, 22: 102).

Brueelia xanfhocephali (Osborn, 1896) Nirmus ornatissimus xanthoc ephali Osborn, 1896. Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent.. (n.s.), 5: 224.

Type host: Xanthocephalus xanthoc ephalus (Bonaparte)-- Yellow-headed Blackbird,

Brueelia zeropunctata. ahtiqua Ansari, 1956 Bruelia longifrons antiqua Ansari, 1956. Biologia, 2: 122, figs, 48-52.

Type host: Hylocichia guttata (Pallas)--Hermit Thrush.

34

Brueelia zeropunctata zeropunctata Ansari. 1957 BrUelia longifrons longifrons Ansari, 1956 (nee ’"Carriker, 1956). Biologia, Z: 121, figs. 43~i7. BrUelia zeropunctata zeropunctata Ansari, 1957. Pakistan J. Health, 6: 270 (nn for B^. longifrons longifrons Ansari, 1956).

Type host: Hylocichia ustulata (Nuttall)--Swains on* Thrush.

35

Genus CAMPANULOTES

Campanulotes Keler, 1939. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol. (n.f.), 8: 157.

Type species: Goniocotes compar (Burmeister, 1838).

No revision or study applicable to the North American fauna is available. It has not been recorded from native North American birds*

Campanulotes bjdentatus compar (Burrneister, 1838). Goniocotes compar Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent., 2:431.

Goniocotes formosanus Sugimoto, 1929. Rept. Dept. Agri. Res. Inst. Formosa, 43: 25.

Type host: Domestic Pigeon.

36

Genus CARDUICEPS

Carduiceps Clay and Meinertzhagen, 1939. Ann. Mag. Nat. HisT". , (11), 4: 451.

Type species: Degeeriella complexiva (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899 (A synonym of Nirmus zonarius Nitzsch, 1866).

For a discussion of the genus, see Timmermann, 1954 (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 7:40). Distribution of

this genus is not well-known. Apparently, the genus is confined to hosts of the subfamily Calidridiinae.

Probable North American hosts for which no data are available are:

Calidris tenuirostris (Horsfield)--Great Knot. Limosa haemastica (Linnaeus)--Hudsonian Godwit.

Carduiceps cingulatus cingulatus (Denny, 1842) Nirmus cingulatus Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 54 and 146, pi. 11, fig. 3.

Type host: Limosa limosa (Linnaeus)--Black-tailed Godwit. North American hosts: Limnodromus griseus (Gmelin)- -Short-billed Dowitcher.

Limnodromus scolopaceus (Say)--Long-billed Dowitcher. (The form found on these two hosts may represent a new subspecies).

Carduiceps cingulatus clayae Timmermann, 1954 Carduiceps clayae Timmermann,, 1954. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 7: 42, fig. 4.

Type host: Limosa fedoa (Linnaeus)--Marbled Godwit.

Carduiceps cingulatus lapponicus Emerson, 1953 Carduiceps lapponicus Emerson, 1953. Proc. Ent. ’Soc. Wash., 55: 209, fig. 2. Type host: Limosa lapponica (Linnaeus)--Bar- tailed Godwit.

37

Carduiceps meinertzhageni Timmerrnann, 1954 Carduiceps meinertzhageni Timmermann, 1954. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 7: 44, fig. 6b.

Type host: Erolia alpina (Linnaeus)--Dunlin. Other North American hosts: Erolia maritima

(Brtinnich)--Purple Sandpiper. Erolia ptilocnemis (Coues)--Rock Sandpiper.

Carduiceps scataris (Piaget, 1880) Nirrnus scalaris Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 190, pi. 17, fig. 2.

Type host: Philomachus pugnax (Linnaeus)--Ruff.

Carduiceps zonarius (Nitzsch, 1866) Nirmus zonarius Nitzsch, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 274"

Nirmus cornplexivus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 75, pi. 6, fig. 3.

Carduiceps eroliae Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent., 39: 123, figs. 68-70b.

Carduiceps pusillus Carriker, 1956. Florida

Ent., 39: 125, figs. 70a, 71-72. Type host: Erolia minuta (Leister). North American hosts: Calidris canutus (Lin- naeus)--Knot. Erolia acuminata (Horsfield)--Short-tailed Sandpiper.

Erolia melanotos (Vieillot)--Pectoral Sandpiper. Erolia fuscicollis (Vieillot)--White-rumped Sandpiper.

Erolia bairdii (Coues)--Baird’s Sandpiper. Erolia minutilla (Vieillot)--Least Sandpiper. Erolia subminuta (Middendorff)--Long-toed Stint.

Erolia ruficollis (Pallas)--Rufous-necked Sand- piper.

Erolia ferruginea (Pontoppidan)--Curlew Sand- piper.

Ereunetes pusillus (Linnaeus)--Semipalmated Sandpiper.

Ereunetes mauri Cabanis--Western Sandpiper. Micropalama himantopus (Bonaparte)--Stilt Sandpiper.

38

Tryngites subruficollis (Vieillot)--Buff-breasted Sandpiper.

Eurynorhynchus pygmeum (Linnaeus (--Spoon- bill Sandpiper.

Crocethia alba (Pallas)--Sanderling. (A critical study of the forms found on these hosts might reveal a sound basis for estab- lishing subspecies).

39

Genus CHELOPISTES

Chelopistes Keler, 1939. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol (n.f.), 8: 180.

Type species: Rhopaloceras stylifer (Nitzsch, 1818) (A synonym of Pediculus meleagridis Linnaeus, 1758).

Virgula Clay, 1941 (nee Simps on, 1900). Parasitology, 33: 119.’

Type species: Goniodes meleagridis (Linnaeus, 1758).

Trichomedea Carriker, 1945. Rev. Acad. Colombia Sci., 6: 365.

Type species: Trichomedea setosa Carriker, 1945.

The only two species likely to be collected in North America are discussed by Emerson, I960 (Florida Ent., 43: 195).

Chelopistes meleagridis (Linnaeus, 1758) Pediculus meleagridis Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., ed. 10: 613.

Philopterus stylifer Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: 294 (nn for P^ meleagridis Schrank, 1781).

Rhopaloceras styliferuin Taschenberg, 1882. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol., 44: 47.

Type host: Meleagris gallopavo Linnaeus--Turkey.

Chelopistes texanus Emerson, I960 Chelopistes fcexanus Emerson, I960. Florida Ent., 43: 195, figs. 1-3.

Type host: Ortalis vetula (Wagler)--Chachalaca.

40

Genus CIRROPHTHIRIUS

Rhom biceps Eichler, 1952. Zool. Anz., 149: 77 (Nomen nudum).

Cirrophthirins Timmermann, 1953. Bombus, nos. 78/79: 330.

Type species: Quadraceps recur virostrae (Linnaeus, 1758).

The genus is known only from hosts of the genus Recurvirostra. The only species likely to be collected in North America is listed.

Cirrophthirius testudinarius (Children, 1836) Nirmus testudinarius Children, 1836. In Back, ’

North-West Exped.: 538. Nirmus biseriatus Children, 1836. In Back, North- ’

West Exped.: 538. ~

Cummingsiella inexpectata Carriker, 1954. Florida ’

Ent., 27: 192, figs. 10-12. Type host: Recurvirostra americana Ginelin--

American Avocet.

41

Genus COLINICOLA

Colinicola Carriker, 1945. Rev. Acad. Coloinb. Sci., 6: 360. Type species: Goniodes numidianus Penny, 1842.

.For a discussion of this genus see Emerson, 1949 (Ent. News, 60: 116).

Probably all North American species are known.

Colinicola docophoroides (Piaget, 1880) Lipeurus docophoroides Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 357, pi. 28, fig. 9.

Lipeurus docophoroides minhaensis Kellogg and Chapman, 1902. J. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 10: 159.

Type host: Lophortyx californicus (Shaw)--California Quail.

Colinicola mearnsi Emerson, 1948 Colinicola mearnsi Emerson, 1948. J. .Kansas Ent. Soc., 21: 137, figs. 4-6.

Type host: Cyrtonyx montezumae (Vigors)-- Harlequin Quail.

Colinicola numidiana (Penny, 1842) Goniodes numidianus Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 57 and 163, pi. 13, fig. 7.

Lipeurus aberrans McGregor, 1917. Psyche, 24: 112, pi. 7, figs. 1-4.

Type host: Colinus virginianus (Linnaeus)--Bob-white

Colinicola pallida Emerson, 1949 Colinicola pallida Emerson, 1949. Ent. News, 60: 116, fig. 2.

Type host: Callipepla squamata (Vigors)--Scaled Quail.

42

Genus COLOCERAS

Coloceras Taschenberg, 1882. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol., 44: 42.

Type species: Goniodes damicornis Nitzsch, 1866 (By subsequent designation by Harrison, Parasitology, 9: 21).

Ancistrodes Keler, 1939. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol, (n.f.), 8: 65.

Type species: Ancistrodes furcatus Keler, 1939.

Nitzschiella Keler, 1939. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol, (n.f.), 8: 67.

Type species: Coloceras menadensis (Piaget, 1880).

The genus is found on hosts of the order Columbiformes, but to date none are known from native birds.

Coloceras chinense (Kellogg and Chapman, 1902) Goniodes minor Piaget, 1880, Les Pediculines: 256, pi. 21, fig. 3 (nee p. 241).

Goniocotes chinense Kellogg and Chapman, 1902. J. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 10: 160, pi. 13, fig. 5.

Goniodes piageti Johnston and Harrison, 1912. Roy. Soc. Qd., 24: 19 (nn for G. minor Piaget, 1880, p. 256).

Type host: Streptopelia chinensis (Scopoli)--Spotted Dove.

Coloceras damicorne fahrenhoizi Eichler, 1950 Coloceras damicornis fahrenhoizi Eichler, 1950. Doriana, 1; 3.


Coloceras lativentre (Uchida, 1916) Goniodes lativentre Uchida, 1916. Annot. Zool. Jap.,

9: 81, figs. 1-2.


43

Genus COLUMBICOLA

Columbicola Ewing, 1929. Manual External Parasites: 190. Type species: Esthiopterum columbae (Linnaeus, 1758).

Soricella Clay and Meinertzhagen, 1937. Entomologist, 70: 276.

Type species: Soricella streptopeliae Clay and

Meinertzhagen, 1937.

Phagopterus Freire and Duarte, 1944. Bol. Soc. Brasil. Med. Vet. , 13: 13.

Type species: Phagopterus columbae .Freire and Duarte, 1944 (A synonym of Pediculus columbae Linnaeus, 1758)

Parasoricella Eichler, 1952. Zool. Anz., 149: 77. Type species: Parasoricella wolffhuegeli Eichler, 1952,

For a review of the genus, see Tendiro, 1962 (actually published in 1965) (Mem. Junta Invest. Ultram., 2nd Series, No. 32: 7).

Probable North American hosts for which no data are

available are:

Columba flavirostris Wagler--Red-billed Pigeon. Columba leucocephala Linnaeus--White-crowned Pigeon,

Streptopelia risoria (Linnaeus)--Ringed Turtle Dove.

Geotrygon chrysia Bonaparte--Key West Quail- Dove.

Geotrygon montana (Linnaeus)--Ruddy Quail-Dove.

44

Columbicola baculoides (Paine, 1912) Lipeurus baculoides Paine, 1912. Rept. Laguna "Marine Lab. , 1: 174, fig. 95. Lipeurus texanus McGregor, 1917. Psyche, 24: 109, pi. 6, figs. 1-4.

Columbicola triangularis Eichler, 1952. Beitrage Vogelk., 2: 353, fig. 5.

Type host: Zenaidura ma-croura (Linnaeus)-- Mourning Dove.

Columbicola columbae (Linnaeus, 1758) Pediculus columbae Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat. ~ed. 10: b~\T. Nirmus filiformis Olfers, 1816. De Veget. . . . . , ~

1: 90. ~

Lipeurus baculus Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: 293.

Lipeurus antennatus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: ’213. Phagopterus columbae Freire and Duarte, 1944. ’

Bol. Soc. Brasil. Med. Vet., 13: 14, figs. 1-3. Columbicola juanfernadez Eichler, 1952. Beitrage Vogelk., 2: 349.


Columbicola extinctus Malcomson, 1937 Columbicola extinctus Malcomson, 1937. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 30: 55, fig. 3.

Type host: Ectopistes migratorius (Linnaeus)-- Passenger Pigeon.

Columbicola fulmeki Eichler, 1942 Columbicola baculus fulmeki Eichler, 1943. S. B. ges Naturf. Fr. Berl. , 1941: 274, 287, fig. 2.


Columbicola gracilicapitis Carriker, 1955 Cotumbicola gracilicapitis Carriker, 1955. Bol. Ent,

Venezol., 11: 20, figs. 9-10. Type host: Leptotila verreauxi Bonaparte--White - fronted Dove.

45

Columbicola macrourae (Wilson, 1941) Esthiopterum macrourae Wilson, 1941. J. Parasit., 27: 262, figs. 5-7.

Columbicola gym nopeliae Eichler, 1953. In Niethammer, Bonn. Zool. Beitr., 4; 277, fig. 39a.

Type host: Zenaidura macroura (Linnaeus)--Mourning Dove.

Other North American hosts: Columba squamosa Bonnaterre--Scaly-naped Pigeon. Columba fasciata Say--Band-tailed Pigeon. Zenaida aurita (Temminck)--Zenaida Dove. Zenaida asiatica (Linnaeus)--White-winged Dove. Columbigallina passerina (Linnaeus)--Ground Dove. Leptotila verreauxi Bonnaparte--White-fronted Dove.

Columbicola passerinae (Wilson, 1941) Esthiopterum passerinae Wilson, 1941. J. Parasit., 27: 259, figs. 1-4.

Type host: Columbigallina passerina (Linnaeus)-- Ground Dove.

Other North American host: Scardafella inca (Lesson)-- Inca Dove �

46

Genus CRASPEDONIRMUS

Craspedonirrous Thompson, 1940. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (11), 6: 516.

Type host: Docophorus frontatus Nitzsch, 1866 (A synonym of Docophorus cotymbinus Denny, 1842).

Colymbicola Uchida. 1948. Jap. Med. J., 1: 300. Type host: Docophorus graviceps Kellogg, 1896 (A synonym of Docophorus colymbinus Denny, 1842).

For a revision of the genus, see Emerson, 1955 (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 8: 718).

No data are available concerning distribution of this genus on Gavia adamsii (Gray)"-Yellow-billed Loon, the only probable North American host not listed.

Craspedonirmus colymbinus -(Penny, 1842) Docophorus colymbinus Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 43 and 80, pi. 8, fig. 8.

Nirmus frontatus Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss, 28: 378. .

�

Docophorus bisetosus Piaget, 1885. Les Pediculines, Supplement: 17, pi. 2, fig. 6.

Docophorus graviceps Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 82, pi. 3, fig. 3.

Docophorus atricolor Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 93, pi. 3, fig. 9.

Type host: Gavia stellata (Pontoppidan)--Red- throated Loon.

Other North American host: Gavia arctica (Linnaeus)- Arctic Loon.

Craspedonirmus immer Emerson, 1955 Craspedonirmus immer Emerson, 1955. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12) 8: 720.

Type host: Gavia immer (Brunnich)--Common Loon.

47

Genus CRASPEDORRHYNCHUS

Craspedorrhynchus Keler, 1938. Arb. Morph. Tax. Ent. Berlin-Dahlem, 5: 239.

Type species: Pocophorus platystomus Burmeister, 1838.

Falcoecus Clay and Meinertzhagen, 1938. Entomologist, 71: 275.

Type species: Philopterus aquilinus (Denny, 1842).

For a limited discussion of the genus, see Emerson, I960 (Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 73: 39).


Elanus leucurus (Vieillot)--White-tailed Kite. Elanordes forficatus (Linnaeus)--Swallow- tailed Kite.

Ictinia misisippiensis (Wilson)--Mississippi Kite. Accipiter striatus Vieillot--Sharp-shinned Hawk. Buteo harlani (Audubon)--Harlan’s Hawk. Buteo platypterus (Vieillot)--Broad-winged Hawk.

Buteo swains oni Bonaparte--Swains on’s Hawk. Buteo albonotatus Kaup--Zone-tailed Hawk. Buteo albicaudatus (Vieillot)--White-tailed Hawk. Buteo brachyurus (Vieillot)--Short-tailed Hawk. Buteo nitidus (Latham)--Gray Hawk. Parabuteo unicinctus (Temminck)- -Harris’ Hawk. Buteogallus anthracinus (Deppe)--Black Hawk. Hatiaeetus pelagicus (Pallas)--Steller’s Sea Eagle.

Circus cyaneus (Linnaeus)--Marsh Hawk.

It is possible that the genus may also be found on hosts of the family Falconidae, which are not listed.

48

Craspedor rhynchus americanus Emerson, I960 Craspedorrhynchus americanus Em e r s on, i960. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 73: 40, figs. 9, 13 and 17.

Type host: Buteo jamaicensis (Gmelin)--Red-tailed Hawk.

Craspedorrhynchus aquilinus (Denny, 1842) Docophorus aquilinus Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 46 and 81, pi. 2, fig. 7.

Docophorus chrysophthalmi Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 46 and 99, pi. 2, fig. 3.

Philopterus triangulifer Gervais, 1844. Hist. Nat. Ins. 3: 342, pi. 49, fig. 4.

Docophorus orbicularis Rudow, 1870. Z. ges. NatWiss., 35: 460.

Docophorus pictus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 74. Type host: Aquila chrysaetos (Linnaeus)--Golden Eagle.

Craspedorrhynchus buteonis (Packard, 1870) Docophorus buteonis Packard. 1870. Amer. Nat., 4: 93, pi. 1, fig. 3.

Type host: Buteo lineatus (Gmelin)--Red-shouldered Hawk.

Craspedorrhynchus cicatricosus (Percheron, 1837) Docophorus cicatricosus Percheron, 1837. In Guerin and Percheron, Gen. Ins., Liv, 5, no. 10, pi. 1.

Host: unknown, and distribution is also unknown.

Craspedorrhynchus dilatatus (Rudow, 1869) Docophorus dilatatus Rudow, 1869. Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph.: 14.

Docophorus eurygaster Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 69.

Docophorus taurocephalus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 471, pi. 65, fig. 1.

Craspedorrhynchus buteolagopi Merisuo, 1945. Ann. Ent. Fenn., 2: 104, figs. 1, 2c and 3c.

Type host: Buteo lagopus (Pontoppidan)--Rough- legged Hawk.

49

Craspedorrhynchus haematopus (Scopoli, 1763) Pediculus haematopus Scopoli, 1763. Ent. Carniolica: 381.

Pediculus strigis J. C. Fabricius, 1775 (nee Pontoppidan, 1763). Syst. Ent.: 806 (nn; for P_ haematopus Scopoli, 1763).

Docophorus ptatyrhynchus Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Gerrnar, 3: 290 (n^ for P. ’haematopus Scopoli, 1763).

Pediculua tinnunculi Latreille, 1818 (nee Linnaeus, 1758). In Guerin, Encyc. Meth.: 128, pi. 254, fig. 1.

Docophorus asturinus Mjoberg, 1910. Ark. Zool., 6: 112, pi. 1, figs. 6-7.

Type host: Accipiter gentilis (Linnaeus)--Goshawk.

Craspedorrhynchus halieti (Osborn, 1896) Docophorus hatieti Osborn, 1896. Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n. s.), 5: 218.

Type host: Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Linnaeus)-- Bald Eagle.

Craspedorrhynchus hirsutus Carriker, 1956 Craspedorrhynchus hirsutus Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent., 39: 27, fig. 18.

Type host: Buteo regalis (Gray)--Ferruginous Hawk.

Craspedorrhynchus macrocephalus (Nitzsch, 1874) Docophorus macrocephalus Nitzsch, 1874. In Giebel, Insecta Epizoa: 73.

Type host: Haliaeetus albicilla (Linnaeus)--Gray Sea Eagle.

Craspedorrhynchus obscurus (Giebel, 1874) Docophorus obscurus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 72. Type host: probably Rostrhamus sociabilis (Vieillot)-- Everglade Kite (See Guimaraes, 1943, Rev. Soc. Ent. Argent., 11: 430).

Craspedorrhynchus subhaematopus Emerson, 1960 Craspedorrhynchus subhaematopus Emerson, I960. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 73: 39, figs. 5-8.

Type host: Accipiter cooperii (Bonaparte)--Cooper’s Hawk.

50

Genus CUCLOTOGASTER

Cuclotogaster Carriker, 1936. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phi lad., 88: 67.

Type species: Cuclotogaster laticorpus Carriker, 1936 (A synonym of Lipeurus heterographus Nitzsch, 1866).

Gallipeurus Clay, 1938. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, (B), 108: 135.

Type species: Lipeurus heterographus Nitzsch, 1866.

For a review of the genus, see Clay, 1938 (Proc. Zool. Soc. London, (B), 108: 135). This genus does not naturally occur on native North American birds.

Cuclotogaster heterogrammicus (Nitzsch, 1866) Lipeurus heterogrammicus Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 379.

Type host: Perdix perdix (Linnaeus)~"Gray Partridge.

Cuclotogaster heterographus heterographus (Nitzsch, 1866) Lipeurus heterographus Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 381.

�

Goniocotes burnetti Packard, 1870. Amer. Nat., 4: 94, fig. 26.

Lipeurus pallidus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 219. Lipeurus heterographus major Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 362.

Goniocotes eynsfordii Theobald, 1896. Parasitic

Diseases Poultry: 26, fig. 8. Cuclotogaster laticorpus Carriker, 1936. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 88: 67, pi. 1. fig. 2.

Type host: Chicken. Other North American hosts: gallinaceous birds, including pheasants, reared in association with chickens.

51

Cuclotogaster obscurior Hopkins, 1950 Lipeurus obscurus Giebel, 1874 (nee Rudow, 1869). Insecta Epizoa: 220.

Cuclotogaster obscurior Hopkins, 1950. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 3: 230 (nn for L. obscurus Giebel, 1874).

Type host: Alectoris rufa (Linnaeus). North American host: Alectoris graeca (Meisner)-- Chukar.

52

Genus CUCULICOLA

Cuculicola Clay and Meinertzhagen, 1939. Entomologist, 72: 165.

Type species: Degeeriella latirostris (Burmeister, 1838).

No revision or study of the genus is available. Probable North American hosts for which no data are

available are:

Cuculus saturatus Biyth- -Oriental Cuckoo. Coccyzus minor (Gmelin)- -Mangrove Cuckoo. Coccyzus americanus (Linnaeus) --Yellow - billed Cuckoo.

Cuculicola erythr opthalmus Emerson, 1964 Cuculicola erythropthalmus Emerson, 1964. Ent. News, 75: 69, figs. 1-3.

Type host: Coccyzus erythropthalmus (Wilson)-- Black-billed Cuckoo.

Cuculicola splendidus (Kellogg, 1899) Nirmus splendidus Kellogg, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 16, pi, 2, figs, 3 and 6.

Type host: Geococcyx calif or nianus (Lesson)-- Roadrunner.

53

Genus CUCULOECUS

Cuculoecus Ewing, 1926. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 28: 148. Type species: Phitopterus coccygi (Osborn, 1896).

No revision or study of the genus is available. Probable North American hosts for which no data are available are:

Cuculus saturatus Biyth--Oriental Cuckoo. Coccyzus minor (Gmelin)--Mangrove Cuckoo. Coccyzus erythropthalmus (Wilson)--Black- billed Cuckoo.

"Cuculoecus angulatus (Piaget, 1880)" Pocophorus angulatus Piaget, 1880 (nee 1880, p. 21). Les Pediculines: 93, pi. 8, fig. 5.

Type host: unknown.

Cuculoecus coccygi (Osborn, 1896) Docophorus coccygi Osborn, 1896. Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5: 222, fig. 143.

Docophorus latifrons occidentalis Kellogg, 1899 (nee 1896). Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 6, pi. 1, figs. 5 and 8.

Type host: Coccyzus americanus (Linnaeus)--Yellow- billed Cuckoo.

Cuculoecus emarginatus (Piaget, 1871) Docophorus emarginatus Piaget, 1871. Tijdschr. Ent., 14: 135, pi. 7, fig. 14.

Type host: unknown.

54

Genus CUMMINGSIELLA

Dollabella Cummings, 1916 (nee Gistel, 1845). Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1916: 265.

Type species: ’Pollabella testudinarius (Denny, 1842)" (A synonym of Pediculus ovalis Scopoli, 1763).

Cummingsiella Ewing, 1930. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 42: 125 (nn for Etollabella Cummings, 1916).

Scolopaceps Eichler and Ziotorzycka, 1964. Dtsch. Ent. Zeitsch. , 11: 321.

Type species: Cummingsiella ambigua (Burmeister, 1838).

No comprehensive study of this genus is available. Probable North American hosts for which no data are available are:

Philohela minor (Gmelin)- -American Woodstock. Numenius phaeopus (Linnaeus)--Whimbrel. Numenius tahitiensis (Gmelin)--Bristle-thighed Curlew.

Numenius borealis (For ster)- -Eskimo Curlew. Bartramia longicauda (Bechstein)- -Upland Plover.

Cummingsiella ambigua (Burmeister, 1838) Docophorus ambiguus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent., 2: 426.

Docophorus amphibolus Giebel, 1861. Z. ges. NatWiss. , 18: 314 (nn_ for D. ambiguus Burmeister, 1838).

Docophorus nirmoides Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines; 104, pi. 9, fig. 2.

Docophorus nirmoides major Water ston, 1912 (nee Kellogg, 1896). Ent. Mon. Mag., 23: 62.

Type host: Capella gallinago (Linnaeus)--Common Snipe.

Cummingsiella aurea Hopkins, 1949 Docophorus auratus Burmeister, 1838 (nee deHaan, 1829). Handb. Ent. , 2: 426.

Cummingsiella aurea Hopkins, 1949. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (12), 2: 31, pi. 1, figs. 3 and 4.

Type host: Scolopax rustic ola Linnaeus--European Woodcock.

56

Cummingsiella longirostricola (Wilson, 1937) Philopterus longirostricola Wilson, 1937. Canad. Ent. , 69: 264, figs. 1-2.

Type host: Numenius americanus Bechstein--Long- billed Curlew.

Cummingsiella ovalis (Scopoli, 1763) Pediculus ovalis Scopoli, 1763. Ent. Carniolica: 384. Docophorus testudinarius Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 46 and 96, pi. i, fig. 6 .

Docophorus biseriatis Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit. ; 250.

Pocophorus microceras Rudow, 1869. Beitr, Kenntn. Malloph.: iT

Nirmus pseudonirmus Nitzsch, 1874. In Giebel, Insecta Epizoa: 167,

Type host: Numenius arqua-ta Linnaeus--Eurasian Curlew.

56

Genus DEGEERIELLA

Nirmus Nitzsch, 1818 (nee Hermann, 1804). Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: 291.

Type species: Degeeriella discocephalus (Burmeister, 1838) (By subsequent designation by Johnston and Harrison, 1911, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. , 36: 326).

Degeeriella Neumann, 1906. Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr., 20: 60 \ (nn for Nirmus Nitzsch, 1818).

Kelerinirmus Eichler, 1940. Zool. Anz., 130: 101.

Type species: Nirmus fuscus Penny, 1842.

For an excellent revision of this genus, see Clay, 1958 (Bull. Brit. Mus. (N.H.), Ent. , 7: 123).


Ictinia misisippiensis (Wilson)--Mississippi Kite. Rostrhamus sociabilis (Vieillot)--Everglade Kite. Buteo platypterus (VieiUot)--Broad-winged Hawk. Buteo albonotatus Kaup--Zone-tailed Hawk. Buteo albicaudatus Vieillot--White-tailed Hawk. Buteo nitidus (Latham)--Gray Hawk. Buteogallus anthracinus (Deppe)- -Black Hawk.

Degeeriella discocephalus aquilarum Eichler, 1943 Degeerielta aquilarum Eichler, 1943. Zool. Anz., 142:

92, fig. 1. Type host; Aquila nipalensis (Hodgson) North American host: Aquila chrysaetos (Linnaeus)-- Golden Eagle.

57

Degeeriella discocephalus discocephalus (Burmeister, 1838) Nirmus discocephalus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent.,

1: 430. Nirmus discocephalus amblys Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 499, pi. 67, fig. 6.

Type host: Haliaeetus albicilla (Linnaeus)--Gray Sea �Eagle. Other North American hosts:

Hatiaee’tus pelagicus (Pallas)--Steller’s Sea Eagle. Haliaeetus teucocephalus (Linnaeus)--Bald Eagle.

Degeeriella elani Tendeiro, 1955 Degeeriella elani Tendeiro, 1955. Bol. Cult. Guine Port., 9: 598, figs. 36-37 and photographs 17-18.

Type host: Elanus caeruleus (Desfontaines). North American host: Elanus leucurus (Vieillot)-- White-tailed Kite.

Degeeriella emersoni Clay, 1958 Degeeriella emersoni Clay, 1958. Bull. Brit. Mus. (N.H.), Ent., 7: 154, t.f. 28, 45, 78 and 87.

Type host: Buteogallus gundlachii (Cabanis). North American host: Parabuteo unicinctus (Temmick)-- Harris’ Hawk.

Degeeriella fulva (Giebel, 1874) Nirmus fuse us Nitzsch, 1861 (nee Denny, 1842). In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 17: 525.

Nirmus fulvus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 124. Nirmus angustus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 126. Nirmus flavidus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 301. Degeeriella giebeli Hopkins, 1947. Entomologist, 80: 77 (nn for N. fuse us Nitzsch, 1861).

Degeeriella borealis Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent., 39: 41, figs. 38 and 40b.

Degeeriella genitalis Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent., 39: 43, figs. 41-42.

Type host: Aquila chrysaetos (Linnaeus)--Golden Eagle.

58

Other North American hosts: Buteo regalis (G. R. Gray)--Ferruginous Hawk. Buteo jamaicenais (Gmelin)--Red-tailed Hawk. Buteo harlani (Audubon)--Harlan’s Hawk. Buteo lineatus (Gmelin)--Red-shouldered Hawk. Buteo lagopus (Pontoppidan)--Rough-legged Hawk. Buteo brachyurus Vieillot--Short-tailed Hawk,

Degeeriella fuse a (Denny, 1842) Nirmus fuscus Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 49 and 118.

Nirmus aeruginosi Penny, 1852. List Brit. Animals in Brit. Mus., pt. 11, Anoplura: 16 (nn for N. fuscus Penny, 1842).

Nirmus socialis Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 127. Kelerinirmus circi Boetticher and Eichler, 1954. Biol. Zbl., 73: 215.

Type host: Circus aeruginosus (Linnaeus). North American host: Circus cyaneus (Linnaeus)-- Marsh Hawk.

Degeerietta guimaraesi Clay, 1958 Degeeriella guimaraesi Clay, 1958. Proc. R. Ent. Soc. London, (B) 27: 2, pi. 1, figs. 1, 4, and t.f. 1. 4, 5, 6, 10, 12 and 15.

Type host: Elanoi’des forficatus (Linnaeus)--Swallow- tailed Kite.

Pegeeriella nisus nisus (Giebel, 1866) Nirmus nisus Giebel, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 364. Type host: Accipiter nisus (Linnaeus). North American hosts: Accipiter striatus Vieillot-- Sharp-shinned Hawk.

Pegeeriella nisus vagans (Giebel, 1874) Nirmus vagans Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 126 Type host: Accipiter gentilis (Linnaeus)--Goshawk. Other North American host: Accipiter cooperii (Bonaparte)--Cooper’s Hawk.

59

Degeeriella pricei Emerson, 1966 Degeeriella price! Emerson, 1966. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 79: 21, figs. 1-2. ^ Type host: Caracara cheriway (Jacquin)--Caracara.

Degeeriella regalis regalis (Oiebel, 1866) Nirmus regalis Giebel, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss., Nirmus vittatus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 127. Nirm us appendic ulatus Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 132, pi. 11, fig. 2.

Nirmus incertus Piaget, 1885. Les Pediculines, Supplement: 20, pi. 2, fig. 9.

Nirmus curvilineatus Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 4: 470, pi. 29, fig. 4.

Nirmus pseudophaeus Carriker, 1902. Univ. Stud. Nebr., 3: 143, pi. 3, fig. 1.

Type host: Milvus milvus Linnaeus. North American hosts:

Buteo swains oni Bonaparte--Swainson’s Hawk. Buteo jamaicensis (Gmelin)--Red-tailed Hawk.

Degeeriella rufa carruthi Emerson, 1953 Degeeriella carruthi Emerson, 1953. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 26: 132, figs. 2-3.

Type host: Fatco sparverius Linnaeus--Sparrow Hawk.

Degeeriella rufa rufa (Burmeister, 1838) Nirmus rufus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent., 2: 430 Nirmus fasciatus Rudow, 1869. Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph.: 20.

Nirmus quadraticollis Rudow, 1870. Z. ges. NatWiss., 35: 469.

Nirmus nitzschi Giebel, 1874 (nee Ponton, 1871). Insecta Epizoa; 125.

Nirmus burmeisteri Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 126. Nirmus platyclypeatus Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines;

145, pi. 12, fig. 1. Kelerinirmus rufus boliviensis Eichler, 1954. Beitr.

Fauna Perus, 4: 38.

60

Degeeriella rufa drosti Timmermann, 1955. Nattururufraedingurinn, 1: 49 (nn for N. nitzschi Giebel, 1874).

Pegeeriella masurriae Ansari, 1955. Proc. VII Pakistan Sci. Conf., Biology: 42.

Degeeriella splendidus Ansari, 1955. Proc. VII Pakistan Sci. Conf., Biology: 42.

.Degeeriella falconoides Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent., "

39: 42, figs. 39 and 40a. Degeerielta rufa applanata Tendeiro, 1958. Bol. Cult. Guine Port., 13: 33, fig. 3-2 and Photos 5-6.

Degeeriella rufa subbutionis Tendeiro, 1958. Bol. Cult. Guine Port., 13: 43, fig. 3-4, photos 11-12.

Degeeriella rufa clayae Tendeiro, 1958. Bol. Cult. Guine Port., 13: 47, figs. 3-5, photos 15-16.

Type host: Faico tinnunculus Linnaeus--Kestrel. North American hosts:

Faico mexicanus Schlegel--Prairie Falcon. Faico rusticolus Linnaeus--Gyrofalcon. Faico peregrinus Tunstall--Peregrine Falcon. Faico columbarius Linnaeus--Pigeon Hawk. Faico femoratis Temminck--Aplomado Falcon.

Degeeriella secondaria Osborn, 1896 Nirmus secondarius Osborn, 1896. Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5: 227.

Type host: Unknown, but from North America.

61

Genus DOCOPHOROIDES

Docophoroides Giglioli, 1864. Quart. J. Micr. Sci., 4: 21.

Type species: Philopterus brevis Dufour, 1835.

Eurymetopus Taschenberg, 1882 (nee Schonherr, 1840). Nova Acta Leop. -Carol., 44: 182.

Type species: Lipeurus taurus Nitzsch, 1866 (A synonym of Philopterus brevis Dufour, 1835) (By subsequent designation by Neumann, 1913, Deux. Exped. Antarct. Franc.: 195).

Taschenbergius Neumann, 1906 (nee Schmiedeknecht, 1888). Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr., 20: 69 (nn for Eurymetopus Taschenberg).

Taschenbergiella Neumann, 1913. Deux. Exped. Antarct. Fr.: 195 (nn^ for Taschenbergius Neumann, 1906).

For a recent revision of this genus, see Timmermann, 1959 (Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 35: 56).

The form of this genus found on Diomedea immutabilis Rothschild--Laysan Albatross apparently is intermediate to the two subspecies of pacificus, and probably represents a new subspecies.

Docophoroides brevis (Dufour, 1835) Philopterus brevis Pufour, 1835. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., 4: 674, pi. 21, fig. 3.

Lipeurus taurus Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 385.

Docophorus tonsus Rudow, 1869. Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph.: 13.

Docophorus thoracicus Nitzsch, 1874. In^ Oiebel, Insecta Epizoa: 113.

Docophorus dentatus Giebel, 1876. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4), 17: 388.

Type host; Diomedea exulans Linnaeus . North American host; Diomedea cauta Gould--White-

capped Albatross (Atlantic Ocean area).

62

Docophoroides harrisoni Waterston, 1917 Docophoroides harrisoni Waterston, 1917. Ent. Mon. Mag. (3), 3:99, fig.

Type host: Diomedea helanophris Temminck--Black-

browed Albatross (Pacific Ocean area). Other North American host: Diomedea cauta Gould-- White-capped Albatross (Pacific Ocean area).

Docophoroides niethammeri exiguus Timmermann, 1969 Docophoroides niethammeri exiguus Timmermann, 1969. Bonn. Zool. Beitr. , 20: 246.

Type host: Diomedea immutabilis Rothschild--Laysan Albatross.

Docophoroides niethammeri niethammeri Timmermann, 1969 Docophoroides niethammeri Timmermann, 1969. Bonn. Zool. Beitr., 20: 245, fig. Ib.

Type host: Diomedea nigripes Audubon- -Black-footed Albatross.

Docophoroides pacificus ferrisi Harrison, 1937 Docophoroides ferrisi Harrison^ 1937. Sci. Rept. Austral. Antarctic Exped. , C2, Pt. 1:44, fig. 7.

Type host: Diomedea nigripes Audubon--Black-footed Albatross.

Docophoroides pacificus pacificus (Kellogg, 1914) "Eurymetopus taurus" Kellogg, 1896 (nee Nitzsch, 1866). Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6:135, pi. 2, figs. 2-6.

Eurymetopus pacificus Kellogg, 1914. Sci. Bull. Brooklyn Inst. , 2:87 (nn for "E. taurus" Kellogg, 1896).

Type host: Diomedea albatrus Pallas--Short-tailed

Albatross.

Docophoroides simplex (Waterston, 1914) Eurymetopus simplex Waterston, 1914. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. , 10: 302, fig. 2.

Type host: Diomedea melanophris Temminck--Black-

browed Albatross. Other North American host: Diomedea chlororhynchus

Gmelin- -Yellow -nosed Albatross.

63

Genus EPISBATES

Episbates Harrison, 1935. In Thompson, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (10), 16: 485.

~

Type species: Philopterus pederiformis Dufour, 1835.

For a discussion of this monotypic genus, see Thompson, 1947 (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (11), 14: 661).

This genus (and the species listed below) probably also occurs on:

Diomedea cauta Gould--White-capped Albatross. Diomedea chlorohynchos Gmelin--Yellow-nosed Albatross .

Episbates pederiformis (Dufour, 1835) Philopterus pederiformis Dufour, 1835. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., 4: 676, pi. 21, fig. 4.

Metopeuron laevis Rudow, 1870. Z. ges. NatWiss., 35: 140.

Nirmus angulicollis Giebel, 1876. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4), .17: 388.

Lipeurus breviceps Piaget, 1890 (nee Piaget, 1888). Tijdschr. Ent., 33: 243, pi. 9, flg~6.

Lipeurus macilhennyi Kellogg and Kuwana, 1901. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pbilad., 1900: 155, pi. 7, fig. 3.

Lipeurus elongatus T. Mtlller, 1927 (nee Packard, 1870). Ber. Westpreuss. Bot. - Zool. Ver., 49: 2 (nn for L. breviceps Piaget, 1890).

Type. host: Diomedea exulans Linnaeus. North American hosts:

Diomedea albatrus Pallas--Short -tailed Albatross. Diomedea nigripes Audubon--Black-footed Albatross. Diomedea immutabilis Rothschild--Laysan Albatross.

Diomedea melanophris Temminck--Black-browed Albatross.

64

Genus ESTHIOPTERUM

Esthiopterum Harrison, 1916. Parasitology, 9: 26. Type species: Lipeurus ebraeum (Nitzsch, 1818) (A synonym of Pediculus gruis Linnaeus, 1758).

Esthiopterella Harrison, 1937. Sci. Kept. Austral. Antarctic Exped., C2: 25 (nn for Esthiopterum Harrison, 1916).

No revision or review of this genus is available. The only probable North American host for which no data are available is:

Grus americana (Linnaeus)--Whooping Crane.

Esthiopteruin brevicephalus (McGregor, 1917) Lipeurus brevicephalus McGregor, 1917. Psyche, 24: 105, pi. 5, figs. 2-3.

Type host: Grus canadensis (Linnaeus)--Sandhill Crane.

65

Genus FALCOLIPEURUS

Falcolipeurus Bedford, 1931. Rept. Vet. Res. S. Africa, 17: 290.

Type species: Esthiopterum secretarium (Giebel, 1874).

Trollipeurus Ziotorzycka, 1963. Ang. Parasit. , 4; 3.

Type species; Trollipeurus eichleri Ziotorzycka, 1912 (A synonym of Falcolipeurus marginalis (Osborn, 1902).

No revision or study of the genus is available. For a discussion of the species found on North American Vultures, see Tandan and Dhanda, 1963 (Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 56: 634).

This genus apparently is found on all large species of the order Falconiformes.

Falcolipeurus josephi Tandan and Dhanda, 1963 Falcolipeurus josephi Tandan and Dhanda, 1963. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 56: 634, figs. 1-5.

Type host: Caracara plancus (J. F. Miller). North American host: Caracara cheriway (Jacquin)-- Caracara.

Falcolipeurus marginalis (Osborn, 1902) Lipeurus marginalis Osborn, 1902. Ohio Nat., 2: 176.

Lipeurus assessor minor Kellogg and Paine, 1910 (nee Piaget, 1880). Ent. News, 21: 460.

Trollipeurus eichleri Ziotorzycka, 1963. Ang. Parasit., 4: 5, figs. 3-6.

Type host: Cathartes aura (Linnaeus (--Turkey Vulture. Other North American host: Coragyps atratus (Bechstein)- Black Vulture.

Falcolipeurus quadriguttatus (Giebel, 1874) Lipeurus quadriguttatus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 212.

Type host: Rostrhamus sociabilis (Vieillot)--Everglade Kite (See Guimaraes, 1943, Rev. Soc. Ent. Argent., 11: 427).

66

Falcolipeurus sul.cif.rons (Denny, 1842) Lipeurus sulcifrons Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 58 and 169. pi. 14, fig. 1.

Lipeurus quadr ioc ulatus Nitzsch, 1861. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 17: 522.

�

Lipeurus variopictus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 211 (in partim).

Lipeurus elongatus Piaget, 1880 (nee Packard, 1870). Les Pediculines: 297, pi. 24, fig. 3.

Type host: Haliaeetus albicilla (Linnaeus)--Gray Sea Eagle.

Falcolipeurus suturalis (Rudow, 1869) Lipeurus quadripustulatus Denny, 1842 (nee Burmeister, 1838). Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 58 and 1677T1- 16-

Lipeurus suturalis Rudow, 1869. Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph.: 44.

Lipeurus dennyi Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 211 (nn for I_. quadripustulatus Penny, 1842).

Lipeurus variopictus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 211 (in partim).

Type host: Aquila chrysaftos (Linnaeus)--Golden Eagle.

67

Genus FULICOFFULA

Fulicoffula Clay and Meinertzhagen, 1938. Entomologist, 71: 5,

Type species: Esthiopterum luridum (Nitzsch, 1818).

Stresemanniella Eichler, 1940. Zool. Anz., 130: 104. Type species: Lipeurus rotundatus Piaget, 1888.

Sakoskida Carriker, 1953. Florida Ent. , 26: 153. Type species: Lipeurus picturatus Kellogg, 1896 (A synonym of Lipeurns longlpilus Kellogg, 189&).

For a limited discussion of the genus, see Emerson, 1960 (J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 33: 162).


available are:

Rallus elegans Audubon--King Rail. Rallus longirostris Boddaert--Clapper Rail. Coturnicops noveboracensis (Gmelii^--Yellow Rail.

Laterallus jamaicensis (Gmelin)- -Black Rail. Crex crex (Linnaeus)--Corn Crake. Porphyrula martinica (Linnaeus)--Purple Gallinule.

Fulicoffula americana Emerson, I960 Fulicoffula americana Emerson, I960. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 33: 162, figs. 1-4.

Type host: Porzana Carolina (Linnaeus)--Sora.

Fulicoffula comstocki (Kellogg and Chapman, 1902) Lipeurus comstocki Kellogg and Chapman, 1902. J. N. Y. Ent. Soc. , 10: 23, pi. 3, fig. 2.

Type host: Rallus limicola Vieillot--Virginia Rail.

68

Fulicoffula distincta Emerson, I960 Futicoffuta distincta Emerson, I960. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 33: 162, figs. 5-7.


Fulicoffula gallinula Carriker, 1953 Fulicoffula gallinula Carriker, 1953. Florida Ent., 36: 158, figs. 4-6.

Type "host: Gallinula chloropus (Linnaeus)--Common Gallinule.

Fulicoffula longipila (Kellogg, 1896) Lipeurus longipilus Kelloeg. 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 119, pi. 7, fig. 7.

Lipeurus picturatus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 121, pi. 8, figs, 1-2.

Type host: Fulica americana Gmelin- -American Coot.

Fulicoffula lurida (Nitzsch, 1818) Philopterus luridus Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: 292. (nn for Redi’s plate 4. fig. 11).

Type host: Fulica atra Linnaeus--European Coot.

Fulicoffuta ratlina (Penny, 1842) Nirmus rallinus Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 52 and 137, pi. 8, fig. 7.

Type host: Rallus aquatic us Linnaeus--Water Rail.

Fulicoffula saturatior (Piaget, 1890) Lipeurus saturatior Piaget, 1890. Tijdschr. Ent., 33: 246, pi. 10, fig. 1.

Type host: Unknown.

Fulicoffula stammeri Eichler, 1958 Fulicoffula stammer! Eichler, 1958. Nach. Nat. Mus . Stadt Aschaffenburg, 58: 61, fig. 3.

Type host: Porzana porzana (Linnaeus)--Spotted Crake.

69

Genus GONIOCOTES

Goniocotes Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent., 2: 431. Type species: Goniocotes gallinae (deGeer, 1778) (By subsequent designation by Johnston and Harrison, 1911, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W., 36: 326).

Dictyocotes Keler, 1939. Nova Act a Le op. -Carol, (n.f.), 8: 153.

Type species: Goniocotes haplogonus Nitzsch, 1866.

This genus is in need of revision. For a limited study, see Keler, 1939 (Nova Acta Leop..-Carol, (n.f.), 8: 134).

There is no evidence that the genus occurs naturally on native North American birds .

Goniocotes chrysocephalus Giebel, 1874 Goniocotes chrysocephalus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 189.

Type host: Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus--Ring- necked Pheasant.

Goniocotes gallinae (deGeer, 1778) Ricinus gatlinae deGeer, 1778. Mem. Hist. Ins.,

7: 79, pi. 4, fig. 15.

Philopterus hologaster Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: Z94 (nn for R_ gallinae deGeer, 1778).

Type host: Chicken

Goniocotes maculatus Taschenberg, 1882 Goniocotes hologaster maculatus Tascbenberg, 1882. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol., 44: 76, pi. 3, fig. 3.

Goniocotes nigromaculatus Mjdberg, 1910. Ark.

Zool., 6: 107, fig. 62. Goniocotes numidae Keler, 1939. Nova Acta Leop. -

Carol, (n.f.), 8: 147 and 226, figs. 81-82. Goniocotes valdezi Tendeiro, 1954. Bol. Cult. Guine Port., 9: 327, fig. 13 and plate 16.

Type host: Guinea Fowl.

70

Goniocotes microthorax (Stephens, 1829) Goniodes microthorax Stephens, 1829. Cat. Brit, Ins., 2: 333.

Goniocotes alatus Piaget, 1885. Les Pediculines, Supplement: 45, pi. 5, fig. 4.

Goniocotes simillimus Keler, 1937. Arb. morph. tax. Ent. Berlin-Dahlem, 4: 128, figs. 1-2.

Type host: Perdix perdix (Linnaeus)--Gray Partridge. Other North American host: Alectoris graeca (Meisner)--Chukar,

Goniocotes parviceps (Piaget, 1880) Goniodes parviceps Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 277, pi. 23, fig. 2.

Goniocotes yngarejsuf Eichler, 1950. Doriana, 1: 4,

figs. 3-4.

Type host: Peafowl.

Goniocotes rectangulatus Nitzsch, 1866 Goniocotes rectangulatus Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. gesT’NatWiss., 28: 389.

Goniocotes rectangulus Giebel, 1874. Insecta

Epizoa: 185 (nn for G. rectangulatus Nitzsch, 1866). Type host: Peafowl.

71

Genus GONIODES

Goniodes Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: 293. Type species: Goniodes pavonis (Linnaeus, 1758) (By subsequent designation by Johnston and

’

Harrison, 1911, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W., 36: 326).

Gonocephalus Keler, 1937. Arb. Morph. Tax, Ent. Berlin- Dahlem, 4: 130.

Type species; Goniodes chelicornis Denny, 1842 (A synonym of Goniodes bituberculatus Rudow, 1869).

Gonotyles Keler, 1939. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol, (n.f.), 8: 48.

Type species: Goniodes cervinicornis Giebel, 1874.

Oulocrepis Keler, 1939. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol, (n.f.), 8: 97.

Type species: Goniodes dissimilis Denny, 1842,

Solenodes Keler, 1939. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol, (n.f.), 8: 101.

Type species: Goniodes dispar Burmeister, 1838.

Astrocotes Keler, 1939. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol, (n.f.), 8: 109.

Type species: Goniocotes asterocephalus Burmeister, 1838.

Astrodes Keler, 1939. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol, (n.f.), 8: 113. Type species: Goniocotes coronatus Giebel, 1874.

Homocerus Keler, 1939. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol, (n.f.) Type species: Goniocotes macrocephalus Taschenberg, 1882.

Stenocrotaphus Keler, 1939. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol, (n.f.), 8: 124.

Type species; Goniocotes gigas Taschenberg, 1879.

72

Margaritenes Keler, 1939. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol, (n.f.), 8: 132.

Type species: Goniodes eurygaster Piaget, 1885.

Kelerigoniodes Conci, 1946. Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 76: 77. Type species: Goniodes processus Kellogg and Paine, 1914.

Claygoniodes Conci, 1946. Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 76: 77. Type species: Goniodes extraneus Clay, 1940 (A synonym of Goniodes temporalis (Keler, 1939).

Archigoniodes Conci, 1946. Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 76: 77. Type species: Goniodes wilsoni Clay, 1938.

For a discussion of the genus, see Clay, 1940 (Proc, Zool. Soc. London, (B), 110: 1); and for a key to the North American species, see Emerson, 1950 (J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 23: 120).

The only probable native North American host not listed is:

Cyrtonyx montezumae (Vigors)--Harlequin Quail.

Goniodes bonasus Emerson, 1948 Goniodes bonasus Emerson, 1948. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 21: 92, figs. 1-4.

Type host: Bonasa umbellus (Linnaeus)--Ruffed Grouse*

Goniodea centrocerci Simon, 1938 Goniodes centrocerci Simon, 1938. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 11: 104, pi.

Type host: Centrocercus urophasianus (Bonaparte)-- Sage Grouse.

73

Goniodes colchici Denny, 1842 Goniodes colchici Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 56 and 158, pi. 12, fig. 4.

Goniodes colchicus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 200. Type host: Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus--.Ring-necked Pheasant.

Goniodes corpulentus Kellogg and Mann, 1912 Goniodes corpulentus Kellogg and Mann, 1912. Ent. News, 23: 14, figs. 1-2.

Type host: Canachites canadensis (Linnaeus )--Spruce Grouse.

Goniodes cupido Rudow, 1870 Goniodes cupido Rudow, 1870. Z. ges. NatWiss., 35: 482.

Type host: Tympanuchus cupido (Linnaeus)--Greater Prairie Chicken.

Other North American host: Tympanuchus pallidicinctus (Ridgway)--Lesser Prairie Chicken,

Goniodes dispar Burmeister, 1838 Goniodes dispar Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent., 3: 432.

Goniodes flaviceps Rudow, 1869. Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph.: 28.

Goniodes truncatus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 194. Goniodes breviantennatus Piaget, 1885. Les Pediculines, Supplement: 50, pi. 5, fig. 8.

Solenodes cypricus Keler, 1939. Nova Acta Leop. - Carol, (n.f.), 8; 107, fig. 56.

Type host: Perdix perdix (Linnaeus)--Gray Partridge. Other North American host; Alectoris graeca (Meisner)-- Chukar.

Goniodes dissimilis Denny, 1842 Goniodes dissimilis Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 57 and 162, pi. 12, fig. 6.

Goniodes dissimilis bankiva Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 269.

Type host: Chicken.

74

Goniodes gigas (Taschenberg, 1879) Goniocotes hologaster Denny, 1842 (nee Nitzsch, 1818). Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 56 and 153, pi. 13, fig. 4.

Goniocotes gigas Taschenberg, 1879. Z. ges. NatWiss., 52: 104, pi. 1, fig. 10.

Goniocotes abdominal! s Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 238, pi. 20, fig. 9.


Other North American host: Chicken.

P Goniodes leucurus Emerson, 1952 Goniodes leucurus Emerson, 1952. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 25: 29.

Type host: Lagopus leucurus (Richardson)--White- tailed Ptarmigan.

, Goniodes lagopi (Linnaeus, 1758) Pediculus lagopi Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., ed. 10: 614.

Pedicutus lagopodis Gmelin, 1790. Car. a Linne... Syst. Nat. , ed. 13, 1: 2920 (nn for P_ lagopi Linnaeus, 1758).

Goniodes chelicornis Children, 1836. In Back, North-West Exped.: 539.

�

Goniodes lagopi greenlandicus Carriker, 1945. Rev. Acad. Colomb. Sci., 6: 359, fig. 9.

Gonoc ephalus lagopi timm e rm anni Eichler, 1950. Doriana, 1: 6, figs. 8-10.

Type host: Lagopus lagopus (Linnaeus)--Willow Ptarmigan.

Other North American host: Lagopus mutus (Montin)-- Rock Ptarmigan.

Goniodes meinertzhageni Clay, 1940 Goniodes meinertzhageni Clay, 1940. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, (B), 110: 9, figs. Ib, 4b, 6, 7 and 9b.

Type host: Peafowl.

75

Goniodes merriamanus Packard, 1873 Goniodes merriamanus Packard, 1873. Rept* U. S. Geol. Surv., 1872: 731, fig. 59.

Goniodes simoni Clay, 1940. Proc. Zool. Soc. .London, (B), 110: 44, figs. Ic and 28.

Type host: Dendragapus obscurus (Say)--Blue Grouse.

Goniodes nebraskensis Carriker, 1945 Goniodes nebraskensis Carriker, 1945. Rev. Acad. Colomb. Sci., 6: 357, figs. 6-8.

Type host: Pedioecetes phasianellus (Linnaeus)-- Sharp-tailed Grouse.

Goniodes numidae MjBberg, 1910 Goniodes numidae MjOberg, 1910. Ark. Zool., 6: 102, figs. 60-61.

Goniodes fimbriatus Neumann, 1913. Arch. Parasit., 15: 629, figs. 19-20.

Goniodes perlatus Clay, 1940. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, (B), 110; 30, figs. 19-20.


Goniodes ortygis Penny, 1842 Goniodes ortygis Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 56 and 158, pi. 13, fig. 6.

Goniodes dispar minor Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 248 (nee p. 241).

Type host: Colinus virginianus (Linnaeus (--Bob-white.

Goniodes pavonis (Linnaeus, 1758) Pediculus pavonis Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., ed. 10: 613.

Nirmus tetragonocephalus Olfers, 1816. De Veget...: 90. Philopterus falcicornis Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: 293.

Type host: Peafowl.

Goniodes pictus Emerson, 1950 Goniodes picta Emerson, 1950. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 23: 120, figs. 1-3.

Type host: Oreortyx pictus (Douglas)--Mountain Quail.

76

Goniodes squamatus Emerson, 1950 Goniodes squamatus Emerson, 1950. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 23: 122, figs. 7-9.


Goniodes stefani Clay and Hopkins, 1955 "Goniodes mamillatus" Keler, 1939 (nee Rudow, 1870). Nova Acta Leop. -Carol, (n.f.), 8: 88, figs. 45-46.

I Goniodes stefani Clay and Hopkins, 1955. Mitt.

Hamburg Zool. Mus. Inst., 53: 57 (nn for "G. mamillatus" Keler, 1939).

; Type host: Lophortyx californicus (Shaw)--California Quail.

Goniodes submamiltatus Emerson, 1950 Goniodes submamillatus Emerson, 1950. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 23: 121, figs. 4-6.

Type host; Lophortyx gam belli Gambel--Gambol’s Quail.

77

Genus HAFFNERIA

Haffneria Timmermann, 1966. Mitt. Hamburg. Zool. Mus. Inst., 63: 85.

Type species: Lipeurus grandis Piaget, 1880.

A monotypic genus.

Haffneria grandis (Piaget, 1880) Lipeurus grandis Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 323, pi. Z6, fig. 7.

Lipeurus laculatus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 93, pi. 7, fig. 1.

Perineus piratae Timmermann, 1955. Ann. Mag. Nat. His., (12), 8: 532, fig. 16.

Perineus antarcticus Carriker, 1958. Acta. Zool. Lilloana, 15: 186, fig. 7.

Type host: Unknown.

North American hosts: Stercorarius parasiticus (Linnaeus)--Parasitic Jaeger.

Stercorarius pomarinus (Temminck)--Pomarine Jaeger.

Catharacta skua Brunnich--Skua.

78

Genus HALIPEURUS

Halipeurus Thoinpson, 1936. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (10), 18: 40.

Type species: Lipeurus angusticeps Piaget, 1880.

Synnautes Thompson, 1936. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (10), 18: 43.

Type species: Lipeurus pelagicus Denny, 1842.

For recent revisions of this genus, see Edwards, 1961 (J. Parasit., 47: 125) and Timmermann, I960 and 1961 (Zeitr. Parasit., 20: 317 and 20: 401).

Probable North American hosts for which no data are available include:

Puffinus auriculans Townsend--Townsend’s Shearwater.

Pterodroma hasitata (Kuhl)--Black-capped Petrel. Pterodroma cahow (Nichols and Mowbray)-- Bermuda Petrel.

Halipeurus abnormis (Piaget, 1885) Lipeurus abnormis Piaget, 1885. Les Pediculines,

Supplement: 65, pi. 7, fig. 2. Type host: Puffinus gravis (O’Reilly)--Greater Shearwater.

Other North American host: Puffinus diomedea (Scopoli)-- Cory’s Shearwater.

Halipeurus angusticeps (Piaget, 1880) Lipeurus angusticeps Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 306, p. 25, fig. 4.

Type host: Adamastor cinereus (Gnaelin)--Black-tailed Shearwater.

Halipeurus consimilis Timinermann, I960 Halipeurus consimilis Timmermann, I960. Zeitr.

Parasit., 20: 326, fig. 9. Type host: Pterodroma inexpectata (Forster)--Scaled Petrel.

79

Halipeurus di versus (Kellogg, 1896) Lipeurus diversus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6; 123, pi. 8, figs. 3 and 4.

Lipeurus liinitatus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad, Sci., 6: 124, pi. 8, figs. 5 and 6.

Esthiopterum constrictiventre Pessoa and Guimaraes, 1935. Ann. Fac. Med. S. Paulo, 2: 313, figs. 6 and 7.

Halipeurus hanaki Balat, 1958. Prace Brn. Zakl. Ceskosl., Akad. Ved., 30: 415,

Type host: Puffings griseus (Gmelin)- -Sooty Shearwater (See Edwards, 1961, J. Parasit., 47: 143).

Other North American hosts: Puffinus tenuirostris (Temminck)--Slender-billed Shearwater.

Puffinus puffinus (Brllnnich)--Manx Shearwater.

Halipeurus gravis Timmerrnann, 1961 Halipeurus gravis Timmerrnann, 1961, Zeitr. Parasit., 20: 405, fig. 2.

Type host; Puffinus gravis (O’Reilly)--Greater Shearwater.

Halipeurus kermadecensis (Johnston and Harrison, 1912) Lipeurus kermadecensis Johnston and Harrison, 1912. Trans. N. Z. Inst., 44: 365, fig. 1.

Type host: Pterodroma neglecta (Schlegel). North American host: Pterodroma arminjoniana (Giglioli and Salvador!)- -South Trinidad Petrel.

Halipeurus leucophryna Timmermann, I960 Halipeurus leucophryna Timmerrnann, I960. Zeitr. Parasit., 20: 327, fig. 10.

Halipeurus accentor Edwards, 1961. J. Parasit., 47: 151, figs. 3R-7R.

Type host: Pterodroma leucoptera (Gould). North American host: Pterodroma cookii (Gray)--Cook’s Petrel.

Halipeurus mirabilis Thompson, 1940 Halipeurus mirabilis Thompson, 1940. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (11), 5: 499, figs. 1-5.

Type host: Puffinus pacificus (Gmelin)--Wedge-tailed Shearwater.

80

Halipeurus mundae Edwards, 1961 Halipeurus mundae Edwards, 1961. J. Parasit., 47: 149, figs. 3N-7N.

Type host: Puffinus assimilis Could�Little Shearwater.

Halipeurus pelagicus [Denny, 1842) Lipeurus pelagicus Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 58 and 173, pi. 14, fig. 2.

Nirmus procellariae Denny, 1852. List Brit. Animals

in Brit. Mus . , pt. II, Anoplura; 26 (nn for L. pelagicus Denny, 1842).

Lipeurus subangusticeps Piaget, 1880. Les Pedlculines; 308, pi. 25, fig. 5.

Lipeurus languidus Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902. Proc. �Wash. Acad. Sci., 4: 475, pi. 28, fig. 8.

Lipeurus exiguus Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 4: 479, pi. 30. fig. 2.

Type host: Hydrobates pelagicus Linnaeus . North American hosts: Oceanites oceanicus (Kuhl)--Wilson’s Petrel. Pelagodroroa marina (Latham)--White-faced Petrel. Oceanodroma furcata (Grnelin)--Fork-tailed Petrel. Oceanodroma leucorhoa (Vieillot)--Leach’s Petrel. Oceanodroma castro (Harcourt)--Harcourt’s Petrel. Oceanodronaa tethys (Bonaparte)--Galapagos Petrel. Loomelania melania (Bonaparte)--Black Petrel. Halocyptena microsoma (Coues)--Least Petrel. FrHgetta tropica (Gould)--Black-bellied Petrel.

Halipeurus priapulus Timmerrnann, 1961 Halipeurus priapulus Timmerman, 1961. Zeitr. Parasit.

20: 406, fig. 3. Halipeurus micariproctus Edwards, 1961. J. Parasit., 47: 148, figs. 3L-7L.

Type host: Puffinus carneipes Gould--Pale-footed Shearwater.

Other North American host: Puffinus creatopus Coues--

Pink-footed Shearwater.

81

Halipeurus spadix Timmermann, 1961 Halipeurus spadix Timmermann, 1961. Zeitr. Parasit., 20: 409, fig. 7.

Halipeurus intestatus Timmermann, 1961. Zeitr. Parasit., 20: 410.

Halipeurus taxosetus Edwards, 1961. J. Parasit., 47: 145, figs. 31-71.

Type host: Puffinus opisthomelas Coues--Black-vented Shearwater.

Other North American host: Puffings Iherminieri Lesson-- Audubon’s Shearwater.

Halipeurus raphanus Timmerinan, 1961 Halipeurus raphanus Timinerman, 1961. Zeitr. Parasit., 20: 415, fig. 11.

Type host: Oceanodroma macrodactyla Bryant--Guadalupe Petrel.

Other North American host: Oceanodroma homochroa (Coues)--Ashy Petrel.

Halipeurus thompsoni Edwards, 1961 Halipeurus thompsoni Edwards, 1961, J. Parasit., 47: 147, figs. 3K-7K.

Type host: Puffinus bulleri Salvin--New Zealand Shearwater.

82

Genus HARRISONIELLA

Harrisoniella Bedford, 1929. Rept. Vet. Res. S. Africa, 15: 529.

Type species: Harrisoniella ferox (Giebel, 1867). (By designation by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature.)

Diomedicola Keler, 1956. Beitr. Ent. , 7: 496 Type species: Lipeurus ferox Giebel, 1867.

Keler recently reviewed this genus when he erected the genus Diomedicola.


Diomedea cauta Gould�White-capped Albatross. Diomedea chlororhynchos Gmelin-- Yellow-nosed Albatross.

Harrisoniella copei Timmermann, 1969 Harrisoniella copei Timmermann, 1969. Bonn. Zool. Beitr., 20: 247, figs. 2a and 3.


Harrisoniella densa (Kellogg, 1896) Lipeurus densus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. , 6: 114, pi. 7, figs. 1-2.


Albatross. Other North American host: Diomedea immutabilis

Rothschild--Laysan Albatross.

Harrisoniella ferox (Giebel, 1867) Lipeurus ferox Giebel, 1867. Z. ges. NatWiss. , 29: 195. Type host: Diomedea melanophris Temminck--Black- browed Albatross.

83

Genus IBIDOECUS

Ibidoecus Cummings, 1916. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1916: 663.

�Type species: Docophorus plataleae Denny, 1842.

For a discussion of the genus, see Carriker, 1947 (Bol. Ent. Venezol., 6: 111).

All probable North American species are listed.

Ibidoecus bimaculatus (MjOberg, 1910) Docophorus bimaculatus MjBberg, 1910. Ark. Zool.,

6: 125, figs. 70-72. Type host: Eudocimus albus (Linnaeus)--White Ibis (See Carriker, 1947, Bol. Ent. Venezol., 6: 121).

Ibidoecus bisignatus (Nitzsch, 1866) Docophorus bisignatus Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 362.

~

Type host: Plegadis falcinellus (Linnaeus)--Glossy Ibis.

Other North American host: Plegadis chihi (Vieillot)-- White-faced Ibis.

Ibidoecus hians (Giebel, 1874) Docophorus hians Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 107. Type host: Eudocimus rubsr (Linnaeus)--Scarlet Ibis.

Ibidoecus iberoamericanus Eichler, 1943 Ibidoecus iberoamericanus Eichler, 1943. Mem. Estud, Zool. Mus. Univ. Coimbra. , no. 140: 5.

Ibidoecus ajajus Carriker, 1947. Bol. Ent. Venezol., 6: 118, figs. 1-3.

Type host: Ajaia ajaja (Linnaeus)--Roseate Spoonbill.

Ibidoecus plataleae (Denny, 1842) Docophorus plataleae Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit. ;

46 and 100, pi. 4, fig. 9. Type host: Platalea leucorodia Linnaeus--White Spoonbill.

84

Ibidoecus scolopaceus Carriker, 1947 Ibidoecus scolopaceus scolopaceus Carriker, 1947. Bol. Ent. Venezol. , 6: 131, figs. 17-19.

Type host: Aramus guarauna (Linnaeus) --Limpkin. ;

* Ibidoecus scolopaceus caraul Carriker, 1947 (Bol. Ent. Venezol, 6: 133, figs. 20-21) was described from specimens collected off Aramus guarauna caraui Vieillot at Chatarona,

Bolivia. To date, this form has not been found on North

American birds.

85

Genus INCIDIFRONS

Incidifrons Ewing, 1929. Manual External Parasites: 111 and

189. Type species: Docophorus pertusus Burmeister, 1838 �(A synonym, of Pediculus fulicae Linnaeus, 1758.

No revision or study of this genus is available.


Rallus elegans Audubon--King Rail. Rallus longirostris Boddaert--Clapper Rail. Porzana porzana (Linnaeus)--Spotted Crake. Porzana Carolina (Linnaeus)--Sora. Coturnicops noveboracensis (Gmelin)--Yellow Rail. Laterallus jamaicensis (Gmelin)-Black Rail. Crex crex (Linnaeus)--Corn Crake. Porphyrula martinica (Linnaeus)--Purple Gallinule.

Incidifrons fulicae (Linnaeus, 1758) Pediculus fulicae Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., ed.

10: 613. Docophorus pertusus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent.,

2: 436. Type host: Fulica atra Linnaeus--European Coot.

Incidifrons gallinulae Blagoveshtchensky, 1951 Incidifrons pertusus galtinulae Blagoveshtchensky, 1951. Mag. Parasit., Leningr. 13: 293, fig. 9.

Type host: Gallinula chloropus (Linnaeus)- -Common Gallinula.

Incidifrons monachus (Kellogg and Paine, 1911) Pocophorus pertusus monachus Kellogg and Paine, 1911. Ent. News, 22: 75, fig. 1.

Type host: Rallus liroicola Vieillot--Virginia Rail.

86

Incidifrons ralli (Scopoli, 1772) Pediculus ralli Scopoli, 1772. Ann. V. Hist. Nat.: 125. Docophorus ralli Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.; 43 and 75, pi. 5, fig. 6.

Type host: Rallus aquaticus Linnaeus--Water Rail.

Incidifrons transpositus (Kellogg, 1896) Docophorus transpositus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci’., 6: 478, pi. 65, fig. 6.

Type host: Fulica americana Gmelin--American Coot.

87

Genus LAGOPOECUS

Lagopoecus Waterston, 1922. Ent. Mon. Mag., 58: 159. Type species: Nirmus cameratus Burmeister, 1838

(A synonym of Lagopoecus lyrurus Clay, 1938).

For a discussion of the genus in North America, see Emerson, 1950 (J. Kansas Ent. Soc. , 23: 97).


Canachites canadensis (Linnaeus)--Spruce Grouse.

Tympanuchug cupido (Linnaeus)--Greater Prairie Chicken.

Tympanuchus pallidicinctus (Ridgway)--Lesser Prairie Chicken.

Lagopoecus affinis (Children, 1836) Nirrnus affinis Children, 1836. In Back, North-West Exped.; 537.

Lipeurus protervus Kellogg, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 31, pi. 3, fig. 4.

Nirmus nigrescens Evans, 1912. Scot. Nat., 1912: 280. Type host: Lagopus lagopus (Linnaeus)--Willow Ptarmigan.

Other North American hosts: Lagopus mutus (Montin)--Rock Ptarmigan Lagopus leucurus (Richardson)--White-tailed Ptarmigan.

Lagopoecus ealifornicus (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899) Lipeurus docophoroides ealifornicus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 103.

Type host: Oreortyx pictus (Douglas)--Mountain Quail.

Lagopoecus colchicus Emerson, 1949 Lagopoecus colchicus Emerson, 1949. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 22; 78, fig. 6.

88

Degeeriella brionica Vrazic, 1956. Vet. Adiiv. Zagreb, 26: 124, 128, and 131.

Type host: Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus--Ring- necked Pheasant.

Lagopoecus gambelii Emerson, 1949 Lagopoecus gambelii Emerson, 1949. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 22: 75, figs. 3-5.

Type host; Lophortyx gambelii Gambel-Gambel’s Quail.

Lagopoecus gibsoni Hopkins, 1947 Lagopoecus gibsoni Hopkins, 1947. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (11), 13: 172, figs. 1-3.

Type host: Centrocercus urophasianus (Bonaparte)-- Sage Grouse.

Lagopoecus obscurus Emerson, 1948 Lagopoecus obscurus Emerson, 1948. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 21: 137, figs. 1-3.

Type host: Dendragapus obscurus (Say)--Blue Grouse.

Lagopoecus perplexus (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899) Lipeurus perplexus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 103, pi. 7, fig. 3.

Type host: Pedioecetes phasianellus (Linnaeus)-- Sharp-tailed Grouse.

Lagopoecus smensis (Sugimoto, 1930) Degeeriella sinensis Sugimoto, 1930. J. Soc. Trop. Agric. Taiwan, 2: 130, pi. 3-4.

Type host: Chicken.

Lagopoecus umbellus Emerson, 1950 Lagopoecus umbellus Emerson, 1950. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 23: 101’, pi. 1, fig. 8, and pi. 2, fig. 6.

Type host: Bonasa umbellus (Linnaeus)--Ruffed Grouse.

Genus LIPEURUS

Lipeurus Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: 292. Type species: Pediculus caponis Linnaeus, 1758 (By subsequent designation by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature).

For a discussion of the genus, see Clay, 1938 (Proc. Zool. Soc. London, (B), 108: 110).

Normally, this genus is found only on hosts of Old World Galliformes, and any addition to the North American list is dependent upon the introduction of new species of hosts.

Lipeurus caponis (Linnaeus, 1758) Pediculus caponis Linnaeus, 1758* Syst. Nat., ed. 10: 614.

Lipeurus variabilis Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent., 2: 434.

Nirmus tessellatus Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.; 49 and 121, pi. 7, fig. 2.

Lipeurus antennatus Piaget, 1885 (nee Giebel, 1874). Les Pediculines, Supplement: 75, pi. 8, fig. 3.

Lipeurus variabilis alpha Kellogg, 1908. In Wytsman, Gen. Ins., 66, Mallophaga: 45.

Lipeurus variabilis beta Kellogg, 1908. In Wytsman, Gen. Ins., 66, Mallophaga; 45.

Lipeurus variabilis gamma Kellogg, 1908. In Wytsman, Gen. Ins., 66, Mallophaga: 45.

Lipeurus lineatus McGregor, 1917 (nee Giebel, 1874). Psyche, 24: 114, pi. 7, figs. 2 and 5.

Lipeurus dovei McGregor, 1918. Psyche., 25: 46 (nn for L. lineatus McGregor, 1817, nee Giebel, 1874).

Lipeurus formosanus Sugimoto, 1929 (nee Uchida, 1917). Kept. Dept. Agri. Res. Inst. Formosa, 43: 53.

Lipeurus caponis borcherti Eichler, 1953. Mh. Vet. Med., 8: 566, fig.

Lipeurus bakeri Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent., 39: 128, fig. 76 (?, type is a nymph).

Type host: Chicken. Other hosts: Gallinaceous birds reared in association with

chickens. 90

Lipeurus maculosus Clay, 1938 Lipeurus maculosus Clay, 1938. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, (B), 108: 116, figs. 5a, 6a and pi. 1, fig. e.

Type host: Phasianus cotchicus Linnaeus--Ring-necked Pheasant.

Lipeurus numidae (Denny, 1842) Nirmus numidae Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 48 and 115, pi. 10, fig. 5.

Lipeurus numidianus MjOberg, 1910. Ark. Zool., 6; 87, pi. 3, figs. 4 and 6.


Lipeurus pavo Clay, 1938 Lipeurus pavo Clay, 1938. Proc. Zool. Soc. London (B), 108: 125, figs. 2c, 4d, 7d, lOa, and pi. 4, fig. 1.

Type host: Peafowl.

91

Genus LUNACEPS

Lunaceps Clay and Meinertzhagen, 1939. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (11), 4: 450.

Type species: Degeeriella actophila (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899).

For a study of this genus, see Timmermann, 1954 (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 7: 623).


Calidris tenuirostris (Horsfield)--Great Knot. Erolia ptilocnemis (Coues)--Rock Sandpiper. Erolia acuminata (Horsfield)--Short-tailed Sandpiper,

Erolia melanotos (Vieillot)--Pectoral Sandpiper.

Erolia fuscicollis (Vieillot)--White-rumped Sandpiper.

Erolia bairdii (Coues)--Baird’s Sandpiper. Erolia minutilla (Vieillot)--Least Sandpiper. Erolia ruficollis (Pallas)--Rufous-necked Sandpiper,

Erolia ferruginea (Pontoppidan)--Curlew Sandpiper.

Erolia alpina (Linnaeus)--Dunlin. Limnodromus griseus (Gmelin)--Short-tailed Dowitcher.

Limnodromus scolopaceus (Say)--Long-tailed Dowitcher.

Micropalama himantopus (Bonaparte)--Stilt Sandpiper.

Tryngites subruficollis (Vieillot)--Buff-breasted Sandpiper.

Eurynorhynchus pygmeum (Linnaeus)--Spoon- bill Sandpiper.

Limosa limosa (Linnaeus)--Black-tailed Godwit. (Populations from some of the hosts listed above are discussed by Timmermann).

92

Lunaceps haematopi Timmermann, 1954 Lunaceps haematopi Timmermann, 1954. Ann. Mag. NaFTHist., (12), 7: 635

Type host; Haematopus ostralegus Linnaeus. (This record is probably in error, but if not, the species should also be found in N. A. on the hosts listed below).

North American hosts:

Haematopus palliatus Temminck- -American Oystercatcher.

Haematopus bachmani Audubon--Black Oyster- catcher.

Lunaceps holophaeus actophilus (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899) Nirmus actophilus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci. , 6: 78, pi. 6, fig. 4.

Type host: Crocethia alba (Pallas) - - Sande rling.

Lunaceps holophaeus cabanisi Timmermann, 1954 Lunaceps cabanisi Timmermann, 1954. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 7: 625, fig. la.

Type host; Ereunetes mauri Cabanis--Western Sandpiper.

Lunaceps holophaeus drosti Timmermann, 1954 Lunaceps drosti Timmermann, 1954. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist", (12), 7; 627, fig. Ib.

Type host: Calidris canutus (Linnaeus)--Knot.

Lunaceps holophaeus holophaeus (Burmeister, 1838) Nirmus holophaeus Burmeister, 1838, Handb. Ent. 2: 427.

Nirmus bicolor Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 175, pi. 14, fig. 9.


Lunaceps holophaeus incoenis (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899) Nirmus incoenis Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci. 6: 81, pi. 6, fig. 5.

Type host: unknown (See Timmermann, 1954, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 7: 623, but probably collected off a small wader in California).

93

Lunaceps holophaeus nereis Timmermann, 1954 Lunaceps nereis Timmermann, 1954. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 7: 628, fig. Ic.

Type host: Erolia maritima (BrUnnich)--Purple Sandpiper.

Lunaceps holophaeus pusillus Carriker, 1956 Lunaceps pusillus Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent., 39: 74, figs. 50-51.

Type host: Ereunetes pusillus (Linnaeus) --Semi- palm ated Sandpiper.

Lunaceps limosella clayae Timmermann, 1954 Lunaceps clayae Timmermann, 1954. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 7; 629, fig. 4a.

Type host: Limosa fedoa (Linnaeus)--Marbled Godwit.

Lanaceps limosella limosella Timmermann, 1954 Lunaceps limosella Timmermann, 1954. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 7: 629, fig. 4b.

Type host: Limosa lapponica (Linnaeus)--Bar-tailed Godwit.

Lunaceps limosella paschalis Timmermann, 1954 Lunaceps paschalis Timmermann, 1954. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 7: 630, fig. 4c.

Type host: Limosa haemastica (Linnaeus)-- Hudsonian Godwit.

Lunaceps numenii hopkinsi Timmermann, 1954 Lunaceps hopkinsi Timmermann, 1954. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 7: 634, fig. 5e.

Type host: Numenius tahitiensis (Gmelin)--Bristle- thighed Curlew.

Lunaceps numenii numenii (Denny, 1842) Nirmus num enii Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 53 and 144, pi. 9, fig. 6.

Nirmus inaequalis Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 176, pi. 15, fig. 4.

Type host: Numenius arquata (Linnaeus)--Eurasian Curlew.

North American host: Numenius americanus Bechstein-

Long-billed Curlew.

94

Lunaceps numenii phaeopi (Penny, 1842) Nirmus phaeopi Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 54 and 144, pi. 10, fig. "i.

Nirmus phaeopodis Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 166.

Nirmus trimaculatus Piaget, 1880. Les Ped iculines: 174, pi. 14, fig. 8.

Degeerielta oliveri Johnston and Harrison, 1812. Trans. N. Z. Inst., 44: 367, fig. 3.

Type host: Nantenius phaeopus (Linnaeus)--Whimbrel.

Lunaceps numenii riteyi Timmermann, 1954 Lunaceps rileyi Timmermann, 1954. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 7: 635, fig. 5h.

Type host: Numenius borealis (Forster)--Eskimo Curlew.

95

Genus MULCTICOLA

Mulcticola Clay and Meinertzhagen, 1938. Entomologist, 71;279.

Type species; Esthiopterum hypoleucum (Denny, 1842).

For a limited discussion of the genus, see Emerson and Elbel 1957 (Canad. Ent. 89: 420).


available are;

Caprimqlgus carolinenis Gmelin--Chuck- will’s" widow.

Caprimulgus vociferus Wilson--Whip-poor- will.

Phalaenoptilus nuttallii (Audubon)--Poor-will. Nyctidromus albicollis (Gmelin)--Pauraque. Chordeites acutipennis (Hermann)--Lesser Nighthawk.

Mulcticola macrocephalus (Kellogg, 1896) Lipeurus macrocephalus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 504, pi. 68, fig. 3.

Nirmus tyrannus Osborn, 1896. Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5: 228.

Type host: Chordeiles minor (Forster)--Con’imon Nighthawk.

96

Genus NAUBATES

Naubates Bedford, 1930. Rept. Vet. Res. S. Africa, 16: 167. Type species: Esthiopterum fuliginosum (Taschenberg, 188Z).

Naubates Harrison, 1937 (nee Bedford, 1930). Sci. Rept. Austral. Antarctic Exped., C2, pt. I: 3 1.

Type species: Naubates heteroproctus Harrison, 1937.

For a recent review of this genus, see Timmermann, 1961 (Zool. Ana., 166: 173).


Puffinus diomedea (Scopoli)--Cory’s Shearwater. Puffinus bulleri Salvin--New Zealand Shearwater. Puffinus griseus (Gmelin)--Sooty Shearwater. Puffinus tenuirostris (Temminck)--Slender-billed Shearwater.

Puffinus puffinus (Brunnich)--Manx Shearwater. Puffinus auricularis Townsend"-Townsend’s Shearwater.

Puffinus assimilis Could�Little Shearwater. Puffinus Iherminieri Lesson�Audubon’s Shearwater. Pterodroma hasitata (Kuhl)--Black-capped Petrel. Pterodroma cahow (Nichols and Mowbray)--Bermuda Petrel.

Pterodroma cookii (Gray)--Cook’s Petrel.

Naubates fuliginosus (Taschenberg, 1882) Lipeurus fuliginosus Taschenberg, 1882. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol., 44: 156, pi, 4, fig. 3.

Type host: .Diomedea exulans -Linnaeus or Diomedea

chlor o rhyncho s Gmelin--Yellow-nosed Albatross. Other North American hosts:

Diomedea melanophris Temminck-’Black- browed Albatross.

Daption capensis (Linnaeus)--Cape Petrel. Adamastor cinereus (Gmelin)--Black-tailed Shearwater.

97

Naubates harrisoni Bedford, 1930 Lipeurus fuliginosus major Kellogg.and Chapman, 1899 (nee Piaget, 1880). Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 101, pT~7, fig. 3.

Naubates harrisoni Bedford, 1930. Rept. Vet. Res. S. Afr. 16: 168, figs. 12, 14 and l6b.

Type host: Puffings gravis Q’Reilly--Greater Shearwater. Other North American hosts:

Puffinus creatopus Coues--Pink-footed Shearwater. Puffinus carneipes Gould--Pale-footed Shearwater. Puffings pacificus (Gmelin)--Wedge-tailed Shearwater.

Puffinus bulleri Salvin--New Zealand Shearwater. Puffings opisthomelas Coues--Black-vented

Shearwater.

Naubates pterodromi Bedford, 1930 Naubates pterodromi Bedford, 1930. Rept. Vet. Res. S. Afr., 16: 170, figs. 10 and 13.

Type host: Pterodroma macroptera (Smith). North American hosts:

Pterodroma inexpectata (Forster)--Scaled Petrel. Pterodroma arminjoniana (Giglioli and Salvador!)-- South Trinidad Petrel.

98

Genus NEOPHILOPTERUS

Ne ophilopterus Cummings, 1916. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1916: 660.

Type species: Docophorus tricolor Burmeister, 1838.

Abumarkub Eichler, 1959. Senckenbergiana Biol. , 40: 63. Type species: Abumarkub koenigi Eichler, 1959 (A synonym of Docophorus platyclypeatus Piaget, 1871).

The only host for species of this genus found in North America is listed.

Neophilopterus heteropygus (Nitzsch, 1874) Docophorus heteropygus Nitzsch, 1874. In Giebel, Insecta Epizoa: 99.

Neophilopterus travassosi Pessoa and Guimaraes, 1938. Livro. Jubil. Travassos, 3: 385, figs. 1-4.

Type host: Mycteria americana Linnaeus--Wood Ibis.

99

Genus NUMIDILIPEURUS

Numidilipeurus Tendeiro, 1955. Bol. Cult. Guine Port. , 9: 836.

Type species: Lipeurus lawrensis Bedford, 1929.

The only species of this genus likely to be found in North America are listed below.

Numidilipeurus lawrensis lawrensis (Bedford, 1929) Lipeurus lawrensis Bedford, 1929. Kept. Vet. Res. S. Afr., 15: 521, figs. 22-24.


Numidilipeurus lawrensis tropicalis (Peters, 1931) LipeuruTtropicalis Peters, 1931. Ent. News, 42: 195, figs. 1-2.

Type host: Chicken. Other North American host: Guinea Fowl.

100

Genus ORNITHOBIUS

Ornithobius Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 183. Type species: Ornithobius cygni (Linnaeus, 1758) (By subsequent designation by Johnston and Harrison, 1911, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W., 36: 326).

Metopeuron Rudow, 1870. Z. ges. NatWiss., 36: 139. Type species: Metopeuron punctatum Rudow, 1870 (By subsequent designation by Harrison, 1916, Parasitology 9: 22).

Ornithonomus Neumann, 1909. Parasites et maladies parasitaires des oisequx domestiques: 9 (nn for Ornithobius Denny, 1842).

For a review of the genus, see Timmermann, 1962 (Zeitr. Parasit., 22: 133). Probable North American hosts for which no data are available are:

Branta bernicia (Linnaeus)--Brant. Branta nigricans (Lawrence)--Black Brant. Philacte canagica (Sewastianov)--Emperor Goose.

Anser albifrons (Scopoli)--White-fronted Goose.

Chen hyperborea (Pallas)--Snow Goose. Chen caerulescens (Linnaeus)--Blue Goose. Chen rossii (Cassin)--Ross’ Goose.

Ornithobius bucephalus bucephalus (Giebel, 1874) Lipeurus bucephalus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 239. Type host: Cygnus otor (Gmelin)--Mute Swan.

Ornithobius cygni (Linnaeus, 1758) Pediculus cygni Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., ed, 10: 612.’

Ornithobius cygnorum Vollenhoven, I860. Nat. Hist. Nederland, I: pi. 8, fig. 4.

Metopeuron punctatum Rudow, 1870. Z. ges. NatWiss., 36: 139.

Type host: Cygnus cygnus (Gmelin)--Whooper Swan.

101

Ornithobius goniopleurus Denny, 1842 Ornithobius goniopleurus Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 60 and 184, pi. 23, fig. 2.

Ornithobius atromarginatus Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 60 and 185, pi. 23, fig. 3.

Type host: Branta canadensis (.Linnaeus)--Canada Goose.

Ornithobius hexophthalmus (Nitzsch, 1861) Lipeurus hexophthalmus Nitzsch, 1861. In^ Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 17: 528.

�

Ornithobius klinkowstroemi Mjoberg, 1910. Ark.

Zool., 6: 97, pi. I, figs. 1-2. Type host: Branta leucopsis (Bechstein)--Barnacle Goose.

Ornithobius mathisi (Neumann, 1912) Metopeuron mathisi Neumann, 1912. Arch. Parasit., Paris. 15: 382, fig. 29.


Ornithobius waterstoni reconditus Timmermann, 1962 Ornithobius waterstoni reconditus Timmermann,

1962. Zeitr. Parasit., 22: 141, fig. 6c. Type host: Olor cotumbianus (Ord)--Whistling Swan.

Ornithobius waterstoni waterstoni, Timmermann, 1962 Ornithobius waterstoni waterstoni Timmermann, 1962. Zeitr. Parasit., 22: 139, figs. 7-9.

Type host: Olor buccinator Richardson--Trumpeter Swan.

102

Genus OXYLIPEURUS

Oxylipeurus MjBberg, 1910. Ark. Zool. , 6; 91. Type species: Lipeurus inaequalis Piaget, 1880.

Eiconolipeurus Carriker, 1945. Rev. Brasil. Biol. , 5: 91. Type species: Eiconolipeurus importunus Carriker, 1945.

Epicolinus Carriker, 1945. Rev. Brasil. Biol., 5: 104. Type species; Lipeurus clavatus McGregor, 1917.

For a discussion of the genus, see Clay, 1938 (Proc. Zool. Soc. London, (B), 108: 157). The genus contains several groups, each of which is considered a separate genus by Carriker and Keler. These are discussed in the papers cited above. The only probable native North American host for which no data are available is: Oreortyx pictus (Douglas)-- Mountain Quail.

Oxylipeurus callipeplus callipeplus (Carriker, 1945) Epicolinus callipeplus callipeplus Carriker, 1945. Rev. Brasil. Biol., 5: 106, figs. 35-38.


Oxylipeurus chiniri vetulae Carriker, 1944 Oxylipeurus chiniri vetulae Carriker, 1944. Rev. Brasil. Biol., 4: 579, figs. 50-53.

Type host: Ortalis vetula (Wagler)--Chachalaca.

Oxylipeurus clavatus (McGregor, 1917) Lipeurus clavatus McGregor, 1917. Psyche, 24: 115, pi. 7, fig. 3.

Epicolinus cubanus Carriker, 1945. Rev. Brasil. Biol. 5: 108.

Type host: Colinus virginianus (Linnaeus)^-Bob-white.

Oxylipeurus corpulentus Clay, 1938 Oxylipeurus corpulentus Clay, 1938. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, (B), 108: 183, figs. 27b, 38, 39, and pi. 12, fig. 1.


103

Oxylipeurus dentatus (Sugirnoto, 1934) Lipeurus dentatus Sugirnoto, 1934. Taiwan no

Chikusan, 2: 2, figs. 1-12. Lipeurus denticlypeus Sugirnoto, 1934. Zoological Record, 72, Insecta: 419 (nn for L. dentatus Sugirnoto, 1934).

.Lipeurus angularis Peters, 1935. Ohio J* Sci., 35: 102, figs. 1-3.

Type host: Chicken.

Oxylipeurus ellipticus (Keler, 1958) Epicolinus ellipticus Keler, 1958. Dtsch. Ent. Zeitr., 5: 322, figs. 55-56.

Type host: Lophortyx gam belli Gambel--Gambel’s Quail.

Other North American host: Lophortyx californicus (Shaw)--California Quail.

Oxylipeurus mesopelios colchicus Clay, 1938 Oxylipeurus mesopelios colchicus Clay, 1938. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, (B), 108: 177, pi. 11, fig. 3.

Lipeurus ponnonicus Vrazic, 1956. Vet. Arhiv. Zagreb, 26: 123, 127, and 130.

Type host: Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus--Ring-necked Pheasant.

Oxylipeurus montezumae Emerson, 1949 Oxylipeurus montezumae Emerson, 1949. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 22: 75, figs. 3-5.

Type host: Cyrtonyx montezumae (Vigors)--Harlequin Quail.

Oxylipeurus polytrapezius polytrapezius (Burmeister, 1838) Lipeurus polytrapezius Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent., 2: 434.


104

Genus PARACLISIS

Paraclisis Timmermann, 1965. Abh. Verh. Naturw.’Ver. Hamburg, (N.F.), 8, Supplement: 96.

Type species: Pediculus diomedeae J. C. Fabricius, 1775.

Timmermann reviewed the genus when he erected it.

All probable North American hosts are listed.

Paraclisis confidens (Kellogg, 1899) Lipeurus confidens Kellogg, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 26. pi. 3, fig. 1.

Perineus macropleuralis Eichler, 1949. Rev. Brasil. Biol., 9: 343, figs. 11-13.


Other North American host: Diomedea albatrus Pallas -- Short-tailed Albatross.

Paraclisis diomedeae (J. C. Fabricius, 1775) Pediculus diomedea J. C. Fabricius, 1775. Syst. Ent.: 808. Lipeurus meridionalis Rudow, 1869. Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph .7 3 Z.

Lipeurus tricolor Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 363, pi. 30, fig. 4.

Lipeurus lepturus Enderlein. Dtsch. SUdpolar Exped., 10 (Zool. 2): 453, pi. 62, figs. 200-202 and 209.

Perineus enderleini Eichler, 1949. Rev. Brasil. Biol., 9: 342, figs. 8-10.

Type host: Diomedea melanophris Temminck--Black- browed Albatross.

Other North American hosts: Diomedea cauta Gould--White-capped Albatross. Diomedea chlororhynchos Gmelin--Yellow-nosed Albatross.

105

Paraclisis gigantic ola (Kellogg, 1896) Nirmus giganticola Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad.

Sci., 6: 105, pi. 5, fig. 6. Type host: Pjomedea albatrus Pallas--Short-tailed

Albatross. Other North American host: Diomedea immutabili s

Rothschild--Laysan Albatross.

106

Genus PECTINOPYGUS

Pectinopygus Mjoberg, 1910. Ark. Zool., 6: 95. Type species: Lipeurus pullatus Nitzsch, 1866 (A synonym of Pediculus bassani 0. Fabricius, 1780).

Micronaubates Pessoa and Guimaraes, 1935. Rev. Brasil. Biol. Hyg. S. Paulo, 6: 109.

Type species: Naubates (Micronaubates) garbei Pessoa and Guimaraes, 1935.

Epipelecanus Harrison, 1935. In Thompson, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (10), 16: 149,

Type species: Lipeurus forficulatus Nitzsch, 1866.

Epifregata Harrison, 1935. In Thompson, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (10), 16: 150.

Type species: Lipeurus graciticornis Piaget, 1880.

Phitichthyophaga Harrison, 1935. In Thompson, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (10), 16: 150.

~

Type species: Lipeurus brevicornis Denny, 1842.

Epipelecanus, Epifregata, and Philichthyophaga are recognizable as subgenera. For a discussion of the genus, see Thompson, 1935 (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (10), 16: 148); 1937 (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (10), 20: 538); 1940 (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (11), 5: 372 and 429); 1946 (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (11), 13: 767); and 1947 (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (11), 14: 317); and Clay, 1961 (Bull. Brit. Mus. (N. H.), Ent., 11: 54).


Sula nebouxii Milne-Edwards--Blue-footed Booby. Phalacrocorax penicillatus (Brandt)--Brandt’s Cormorant.

Phalacrocorax pelagicus Pallas--Pelagic Cormorant.

Phalacrocorax urile (Gmelin)--Red-faced Cormorant.

107

Pectinopygus anhingae (Peters, 1935) Degeeriella anhingae Peters, 1935. Proc . Ent. Soc . Wash., 37: 143, figs. 3 and 4.

Type host: Anhinga anhinga (Linnaeus)--Anhinga.

Pectinopygus annulatus (Piaget, 1880) Lipeurus annulatas Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 340, pi. 27, fig. 10.

Lipeurus potens Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci.. 4: 477, pi. 30, fig. 1.

Esthiopterum potens minor Ewing, 1924. Zoologica, 5: 84.

Pectinopygus jamaicensis Thompson, 1947. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (11), 14: 348, figs. 1-8.

Pectinopygus parallelus Eichler, 1954. Beitr. Fauna Perus, 4: 37. (?)

Pectinopygus sularum Eichler, 1954. Beitr. Fauna Perus, 4: 50. (?)

Pectinopygus marianarum Eichler, 1954. Beitr. Fauna Perus, 4: 50 (nn for "Lipeurus potens var" Uchida 1918).

Type host: Sula leucogaster (Boddaert)--Brown Booby. Other North American hosts:

Sula dactylatra Lesson--Blue-faced Booby. Sula sula Linnaeus--Red-footed Booby.

Pectinopygus bassani bassani (0. Fabricius, 1780) Pediculus bassani 0. Fabricius, 1780. Fauna Groenlandica: 218.

Docophorus bassanae Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.; 48 and 110, pi. 6, fig. 3.

Lipeurus staphylionoides Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 59 and 180, pi. 15, fig. 2.

Lipeurus pullatus Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss, 28: 387.

�

Type host: Morus bassanus (Linnaeus )--Gannet.

Pectinopygus farallonii (Kellogg, 1896) Nirmus farallonii Kellogg. 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 103, pi. 5, fig. 4.

Type host: Phalacrocorax auritus (Lesson)--Double- crested Cormorant.

108

Pectinopygus fregatiphagus (Eichler, 1943) Lipeurus gracilicornis major Kellogg, 1899 (nee Piaget, 1880). Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 30, pi. 3,

. fig. 3. Epifregata fregatiphaga Eichter, 1943. Zool. Anz., 141: 69 (nn^for L_. major Kellogg, 1899).

Type host: Fregata magificens Mathews--Magnificent Frigate-bird.

Pectinopygus garbei (Pessoa and Guimaraes, 1935) Naubates garbei Pessoa and Guimaraes, 1935. Rev. Biol. Hyg. S. Paulo, 6: 109, figs. 6-11.

Type host: Sula teucogaster (Boddaert)--Brown Booby (Found on this host from the east coast).

Other North American host: Sula sula Linnaeus--Red- footed Booby (Found on this host from the east coast).

Pectinopygu.s gyricornis (Denny, 1842) Lipeurus gyricornis Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 58 and 167, pi. 15, fig. 1.

Lipeuru.s longicornis Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 334, pi. 27. fig. 3.

Lipeurus toxoceros Nitzsch, 1886. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 386.

Type host: Phatacrocorax carbp (Linnaeus)--Great Cormorant.

Pectinopygus gyroceras (Nitzsch, 1866) Lipeurus gyroceras Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 386.

Nirmus depress us Rudow, 1869. Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph.: 17.

Type host: Phalacrocorax olivaceus (Humboldt)-- Olivaceous Cormorant.

Pectinopygus occidentalis Thompson, 1947 Pectinopygus occidentalis Thompson, 1947. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (11), 14: 318, figs, 1-9.

Type host: Pelecanus occidentalis Linnaeus--Brown

Pelican.

109

Pectinopygus sulae (Rudow, 1869) Lipeurus sulae Rudow, 1869. Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph.: 43.

Lipeurus helleri Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 4: 479, pi. 30, fig. 3.

Type host: Sula leucogaster (Boddaert)--Brown Booby (Found on this host from the west coast).

Other North American host: Sula sula Linnaeus--Red- footed Booby (Found on this host from. the west coast).

Pectinopygus tordoffi Elbel and Emerson, 1956 Pectinopygus tordoffi Elbel and Emerson, 1956. Ent. News, 67: 173, figs. 1-7.

Pectinopygus canadensis Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent., 39: 131, figs. 82-85.

Type host: Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Gmelin--White Pelican.

Pectinopygus tuberculatus (Piaget, 1885) Lipeurus tuberculatus Piaget, 1885. Les Pediculines, Supplement: 61, pi. 6, fig. 8.

Type host: Unknown.

110

Genus PENENIRMUS

Penenirmus Clay and Meinertzhagen, 1938. Entomologist, 71: 73.

Type species: Pediculus albiventris Scopoli, 1763.

Picophilopterus Ansari, 1947. Proc. Nat. Inst. Sci. India, 13: 265.

Type species: Picophilopterus tuktola Ansari, 1947.

Panurinirmus Ziotorzycka, 1964. Acta Parasit. Polon., "

12: 270. Type species; Panurinirmus visendus Ziotorzycka, 1964.

Alaudinirmus Ziotorzycka, 1964. Acta Parasit. Polon., ’

12: 273. Type species: Penenirmus pavlovskyi Blagoveshtchensky, 1951.

Paranirmus Ziotorzycka, 1964. Acta Parasit. Polon., 12: 275.

Type species: Nirmus heteroscelis Nitzsch, 1866.

Pleurinirmus Ziotorzycka, 1964. Acta Parasit. Polon., 12; 275.

Type species: Docophorus part Penny, 1842.

The species found on hosts of the order Piciformes have been reviewed by Dr. Robert Dalgleish, and the results of his study should be published within the next year. No revision is available for the species found on hosts of the order Passeriformes.

Penenirmus albiventris (Scopoli, 1763) Pedicutus atbriventris Scopoli, 1763. Ent. Carniolica: 385.

Pediculus motacillae J. C. Fabricius, 1776. Gen. Ins.: 310 (nn for P. albiventris Scopoli, 1763).

Docophorus troglodytis Waterston, 1915. Zool. Jb., Abt. Syst., 39: 27, figs. c-f.

Ill

Penenirmus longuliceps (Blagoveshtchensky, 1940). Mag. Parasit., Leningr. 8: 65 and 88, fig. 19. (Type host: Cettia cetti orientalis Tristan or Troglodytes troglodytes hyrcanus Sarudny and Loundon. This name

will be a synonym if a specimen off Troglodytes troglodytes is designated lectotype).

Type host; Troglodytes troglodytes (Linnaeus)--Winter Wren.

~

Penenirmus arcticus Carriker, 1958 Penenirmus arcticus Carriker, 1958. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 60: 168, figs. 1 and 2.

Type host: Picoi’des arcticus (Swainson)--Black-backed Three-toed Woodpecker.

Other North American host: Picoi’des tridactylus-- Northern Three-toed Woodpecker.

Penenirmus auritus (Scopoli, 1763) Pediculus auritus Scopoli, 1763. Ent. Carniolica: 383. Docophorus superciliosus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent., 2: 427.

Docophorus evagans Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 480, pi. 66, fig. 2.

Docophorus californiensis Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 483, pi. 66, fig. 6.

Penenirmus varius Emerson, 1953. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 26: 134, pi. 2, figs. 6 and 8.

Penenirmus fiebrigi Eichler, 1953. Zool. Anz., 150: 240, figs. 2, 7, and 11.

Penenirmus peusi Eichler, 1953. Zool. Anz., 150: 242, figs. 4, 9, 13, and 18. (?)

Penenirmus auritus aurifrons Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent. 39: 37, figs. 34-35.

Penenirmus serrilimbus pileatus Emerson and Johnson, 1961. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 34; 40, figs. 11, 18 and 30.

Penenirmus serrilimbus asyndesmus Emerson and Johnson, 1961. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 34: 40, figs. 12, 21 and 31.

Pic ophi lopte rus pici rivollii Carriker, 1963. Mem. Soc. Cien. Natur. La Salle, 23: 35, pi. 9, figs. 1 and 3. (?)

Picophilopterus pici caurensis Carriker, 1963. Mem. Soc. Cien. Natur. La Salle, 23: 35, pi. 9, fig. 2. (?)

HZ

Type host: Dendrocopos major (Linnaeu^. North American hosts:

Dryocopus pileatus (Linnaeus) --Pileated Woodpecker. Centurus carolinus (Linnaeus)--Red-bellied Woodpecker.

Centurus aurifrons (Wagler)--Golden-fronted Woodpecker.

Centurus uropyglalis Baird--Gila Woodpecker. Melanerpes erythrocephalus (Linnaeus)--Red-headed Woodpecker.

Melanerpes formici-rorus (Swains on)--Acorn Woodpecker.

Asyndesmus lewis (Gray)--Lewis’ Woodpecker. Sphyrapicus varius (Linnaeus)--Yellow-bellied Sapsucker.

Sphyrapicus thyroideus (Cassin)--Williamson’s Sapsucker.

Dendrocopos villosus (Linnaeus) --Hairy Woodpecker. Dendrocopos pubescens (Linnaeus)--Downy Woodpecker. Dendrocopos scalaris (Wagler)--Ladder-backed Woodpecker.

Dendrocopos arizonae (Hargitt)--Arizona Woodpecker.

Penenirmus brevimaculatus (Piaget, 1880) Docophorus brevimaculatus Piaget, 1880 (nee Giebel, 1874). Les Pediculines: 119, pi. 10, fig. 7.

Type host: Unknown.

Penenirmus gulosus (Nitzsch, 1866) Nirmus gulosus Nitzsch, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss., 27: 117. Nirmus trimarginis Carriker, 1902. J. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 10: 222, pi. 20, fig. 2, and pi. 21, fig. 5.

Type host; Certhia familiaris Linnaeus--Brown Creeper.

Penenirmus hibari (Uchida, 1949) Phelopterus hibari Uchida, 1949. Jap. Med. J., 1: 547, fig. 15.

Penenirmus parlovskyi impunctus Blagoveshtchensky, 1951. Mag. Parasit. , Leningr. , 13: 298.

Type host: Alauda arvensis Linnaeus--Skylark.

113

Penenirmus jungens (Kellogg, 1896) Docophorus jungens Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 481, pi. 66, fig. 4.

Penenirmus villosus Emerson and Johnson, 1961. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 34: 41, figs. 13, 15 and 32.

Type host: Colaptes auratus (Linnaeus)--Yellow-shafted �Flicker. Other North American hosts:

Colaptes cater (Gmelin)--Red-shafted Flicker. Colaptes chrysotdes (Malherbe)--Gilded Flicker.

Penenirmus mirinotatus (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899) Docophorus mirinotatus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 65, pi. 5, fig. 6.

Type host: Junco oregonus (Townsend)--Oregon Junco,

Penenirmus quadripustulatus (Kellogg and Mann, 1912) Docophorus calif orniens is quadripustulatus Kellogg and Mann, 1912. Ent. News, 23: 57.

Type host: Pipilo erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus)- -Rufous - sided Towhee.

Penenirmus serrilimbus (Burmeister, 1838) Docophorus serrilimbus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent., 2: 427.

Type host: Jynx torquilla Linnaeus--Wryneck.

114

Genus PERINEUS

Perineus Harrison, 1936. In Thompson, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (10), 18: 41.

~~

Type species: Lipeurus nigrolimbatus Giebel, 1874.

For a recent study of this genus, see Keler, 1957 (Beitr. Ent., 7: 511). No data are available for:

Diomedea nigripes Audubon- -Black-footed Albatross.

Diomedea cauta Gould--White-capped Albatross. Diomedea chlororhynchos Gmelin--Yellow-nosed Albatross.

Perineus circumfasciatus Keler, 1957 Perineus circumfasciatus Keler, 1957. Beitr. Ent., 7: 525, figs. 29 and 30.

Type host: Diomedea melanophrys Temminck--Black- browed Albatross.

Perineus concinnus (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899) Lipeurus concinnus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 97, pi. 7, fig. 2.


Albatross.

Perineus nigrolimbatus (Giebel, 1874) Lipeurus nigrolimbatus Giebel, 1874. Insecta

Epizoa: 233. Lipeurus mutabilis Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 324, pi. 27, fig. I.

Lipeurus varius Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 116, pi. 7, figs. 3 and 4.

Lipeurus celer Kellogg, 189.6. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6; 117, pi. 7, figs. 5 and 6.

Type host: Fulmarus glacialis (Linnaeus)--Fulmar.

115

Ferine us termipenalis Keler, 1958 Perineus tenuipenalis Keler, 1958. Beitr. Ent., 8: 384, fig. 1.

Type host; Diomedea immutabilis Rothschild--Laysan Albatross.

116

Genus PHILOCEANUS

Philoceanus Kellogg, 1903. Biol. Bull. Wood’s Hole, 5: 87. Type species: Philoceanus becki Kellogg, 1903.

For a recent revision of this genus, see Timmermann, 1961 (Zeitr. Parasit., 20: 525).


Pelagodroma marina (Latham)- -White-faced Petrel. Oceanodroma macrodactyla B ryant - - Guadalupe Petrel.

Oceanodroma castro (Harcourt)--Harcourt’s Petrel. Halocyptena microsoma Coues--Least Petrel.

Philoceanus amadoni Timmermann, 1961 Philoceanus amadoni Timmermann, 1961. Zeitr. Parasit. 20: 535, figs. 2 and 6.

Type host: Loomelania melania (Bonaparte)--Black Petrel. Other North American host: Oceanodroma leucorhoa

(Vieillot)--Leach’s Petrel.

Philoceanus annuliventris (Uchida, 1917) Lipeurus annuliventris Uchida, 1917. Annot. Zool. Jap., 99: 206,’fig. 2.

Type host: Oceanodroma furcata (Gmelin)--Fork-tailed Petrel.

Other North American host: Oceanodroma homochroa .

(Coues)--Ashy Petrel.

Philoceanus becki Kellogg, 1903 Philoceanus becki Kellogg, 1903.’ Biol. Bull. Wood’s Hole,

5: 88, figs. 1 and 2. Type host: Oceanodroma tethys (Bonaparte)--Galapagos Petrel.

117

Philoceanus fasciatus (Carriker, 1958) Naubates fasciatus Carriker, 1958. Acta Zool. Lilloana, 15: 184, figs. 1-6.

Philoceanus wolfherrei Timmermann, 1961. Zeitr. Parasit., 20: 534.

Type host: FrHgetta tropica (Gould)--Black-bellied Petrel.

Philoceanus robertsi (Clay, 1940) Naubates robertsi Clay, 1940. Brit. Graham Land. Exped., 1934-37, 1: 313, iigs. 9c, lOa, and llh,

Type host: Oceanites oceanicus (Kuhl)--Wilson’s Petrel.

118

Genus PHILOPTERUS

Philopterus Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: Z81 Type species; Pediculus ocellatus Scopoli, 1763 (By subsequent designation by Neumann, 1906, Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr., 20: 58).

Docophorus Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: 289. Type species; Pediculus ocellatus Scopoli, 1763 (By subsequent designation by Clay, 1938, Entomologist, 71: 207).

Ctayiella Eichler, 1940. Zool. Anz., 130: 102.

Type species: Clayiella schuizkampfhenkeli Eichler, 1940.

Cypseloecus Conci, 1941. Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 73: 126. Type species: Philopterus exclsus Nitzsch, 1818.

Debeauxoecus Conci, 1941. Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 73: 126. Type species: Philopterus claviformis Piaget, 1885.

Docophorulus Eichler, 1944. Stettin. Ent. Ztg., 105: 80. Type species: Docophorus communis passeris Piaget, 1880 (A synonym of Pediculus fringillae Scopoli, 1772).

Tritrabeculus Uchida, 1948. Jap. Med. J., 1: 315. Type species: Tritrabeculus goshikidori Uchida, 1948.

Bitrabeculus Uchida, 1948. Jap. Med. J., I: 318. Type species: Docophorus singularis Kellogg and Chapman, 1899 (A synonym of Docophorus picae Denny, 1842).

Campephagoecus Eichler, 1952. Zool. Anz., 149: 75. Type species: Campephagoecus osculolimbatus Eichler, 1952.

119

No study or revision of this genus is available for this difficult genus . A revision will probably result in many of the species listed, being reduced to synonyms, especially the forms found on hosts of the Fringillidae. Any species of Trogoniformes and Passeriformes not listed is a probable host for this genus.

Philopterus agelaii (Osborn, 1896) Docophorus agelaii Osborn, 1896. Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5: 220

Type host: Age laic us phoeniceus (Linnaeus)-- Redwinged Blackbird.

Philopterus alienus (Kellogg,, 1896) Docophorus alienus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 473, pi. 65, fig. Z.

Type species; Unknown, but collected from a North American host (See Carriker, 1957, Microentomology, 22; 96).

Philopterus americanus (Kellogg, 1899) Pocophorus laticeps americanus Kellogg, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 11, pi. 1, fig. 4.

Type host: Cinclus mexicanus Swains on--Dipper.

Philopterus atratus Nitzscli, 1818 Philopterus atratus Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: 290.

Type host: Corvus frugilegus JLinnaeus--Rook.

Philopterus bischoffi (Eichler, 1951) Docophorulus merulae bischoffi Eichler, 1951. In Forschung and Praxis, Vortrage der I. Ornithologischen Tagung der DDR., 3: 5.

Type host: Turdus pilaris Linnaeus--Fieldfare.

Philopterus citrinellae citrine llae (Schrank, 1776) Pediculus citrinetlae Schrank, 1776. Beytr. Naturgesch.; 116. pi. 5, fig. 7.

Pediculus pyrrhulae Schrank, 1776. Beytr. Naturgesch.; 117. pi. 5, fig. 9.

120

Pediculus chlorodis Schrank, 1776. Beytr. Naturgesch. 118, pi. 5, fig. 10.

Ricinus emberizae deGeer, 1778. Mem. Hist. Ins.: 74, pi.. 4, figs. 9 and 10.

Type host; Emberiza citrinella Linnaeus . North American host: Pyrrhala pyrrhula (Linnaeus )-- Bullfinch.

Philopterus citrinellae curvirostrae (Schrank, 1776) Pediculus curvirostrae Schrank, 1776. Beytr. Naturgesch.: 117, pi. 5, fig. 8.

Docophorus compar Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 61, pi. 7, fig. 1.

Type host: Loxia curvirostra Linnaeus�Red Crossbill.

Phitopterus corvi (Linnaeus, 1758) Pediculus corvi Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., ed. 10: 612.

Nirmus adustus Olfers, 1816. De Veget....: 88. Docophorus semis ignatus Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 41 and 66, pi. 1, fig. 5.

Nirmus coracis Denny, 1852. List Brit. Animals

in Brit. Mus. pt. II, Anoplura: 7 (nn for D. semis ignatus Denny, 1842).

Docophorus distinctus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6.: 477, pi. 65, fig. 5.

Type host: Corvus corax Linnaeus--Common Raven.

Philopterus cristata Malcomson, 1929 Philopterus cristata Malcomson, 1929. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 22: 729, fig. 2.

Type host: Cyanocitta cristata (Linnaeus)--Blue Jay.

Philopterus excisus domesticus (Kellogg, 1896) �Docophorus domesticus Kellogg, 1896. Proc.

Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 475, .pi. 65, fig. 4. Type host; Progne subis (Linnaeus)--Purple .Martin.

121

Philopterus excisus excisus Nitzsch, 1818 Pediculus hirundinis Schrank, 1803 (nee Linnaeus, 1761). Fauna Boica: 193.

Philopterus excisus Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: 290. (nn for P. hirundinis Schrank, 1803, nee Linnaeus, 1761).

Type host; Delichon urbica (Linnaeus)--House Martin.

Philopterus excisus major (Kellogg, 1896) Docophorus excisus major Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 490.

Type host: Petrochelidon pyrrhonota (Vieillot)-- Cliff Swallow (See Carriker, 1957, Microentomology, 22: 97).

Philopterus excisus microsomaticus Tandan, 1955 Docophorus hirundinis Piaget, 1871 (nee Schrank, 1803). Tijdschr, Ent. 14: 134, pi. 7, fig. 13.

Philopterus excisus microsomaticus Tandan, 1955. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 8: 421, figs. 8-12 (nn for D_. hirundinis Piaget, 1871).

Type host: Hirundo rustica Linnaeus--Barn Swallow.

Philopterus excisus tropicalis Carriker, 1956 Philopterus tropicalis Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent., 39: 19, figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4.

Type host; Stelgidopteryx ruficollis (Vieillot)-- �Rough-winged Swallow.

Philopterus fringiltae (Scopoli, 1772) Pediculus fringillae Scopoli, 1772. Ann. V. Hist. Nat.: 125.

Pediculus passeris .deFourcroy, 1785. Ent. Parisiensis, pt. 2; 2519 (nn for "P. subflavescens Geoffrey").

Docophorus communis passeris Piaget, 1880 (nee deFourcroy, 1785). Les Pediculines; 59.

Type host; Passer domesticus (Linnaeus)--House Sparrow.

122

Phitopterus fuscicotlis (Burmeister, 1838) Docophorus fuscicoUis Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent., 2: 425.

Type host: Lanius excubitor Linnaeus-- Northern Shrike.

Philopterus fuscoventralis (Osborn, 1896) Docophorus fusco-ventralis Osborn, 1896. Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n. s.), 5: 221.

Type host: Contopus virens Linnaeus--Eastern Wood Pewee.

Philopterus garrulae (Piaget, 1880) Docophorus communis garrutae Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 59, pt. 4, fig. 7.

Type host: Bombycilla garrula (Linnaeus)-- Bohemian Waxwing.

Philopterus hamatus (Packard, 1870) Docophorus hamatus Packard, 1870. Amer. Nat., 4: 94, pi. 1, fig. 7.

Type host: Plectrophenax nivalis (Linnaeus)-- Snow Bunting.

Philopterus hanzaki Balat, 1955 Philopterus hanzaki Balat, 1955. Zool. Ent. Listy Jhrg., 4: 390 and 398, fig. 1.

Type host: Anthus spinoletta (Linnaeus)-- Water Pipit.

Philopterus kansensis (Kellogg, 1896) Docophorus kansensis Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 91, pi. 3, fig. 8.

Type host: unknown, but collected from a North American host. (See Carriker, 1957, Microentomology, 22: 97).

Philopterus merulae (Denny, 1842) Docophorus merutae Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 47 and 106, pi. 3, fig. 1.

Docophorus roandarinus Giglioli, 1864. Quart. J. Micr. Sci., 4: 22, pi. 13, fig. 9.

Type host: Turdus merula Linnaeus--Blackbird.

123

Philopterus mirus (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899) Docophorus mirus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 67, pi. 5, fig. 7.

Type host: Thryomanes bewickii (Audubon)-- Bewick’s Wren.

Philopterus montani (Ziotorzycka, 1964) Docophorus fringillae Denny, 1842 (nee Scopoli, 1772). Mon. Anopl. Brit.; 43 and 79, pi. 3, fig. 2.

Docophorulus montani Ziotorzycka, 1964. Acta Parasit. Polon., 12: 417, fig. 5d, and photograph 9.

Type host: Passer montanus (Linnaeus)--European Tree Sparrow.

Philopterus ocellatus osborni Edwards, 1952 Lipeurus corvi Packard, 1870. (nee Linnaeus, 1758) Amer. Nat., 4: 95, pi. 1, fig. 2.

Docophorus corvi Osborn, 1896 (nee Linnaeus, 1758) Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 57~220, fig. 142.

Philopterus osborni Edwards, 1952. Psyche, 59: 27 (nn for D. corvi Osborn, 1896).

Type host; Corvus brachyrhynchos Brehm-- Common Crow.

Philopterus passerinus (Denny, 1842) Docophorus passerinus Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 47 and 104, pi. 5, fig. 12.

Type host; Motacilla alba Linnaeus--White Wagtail (see Ziotorzycka, 1964, Acta Parasit. Polon., 12: 419).

Philopterus pavidus (Ziotorzycka, 1964) Docophorulus pavidus Ziotorzycka, 1964. Acta Parasit. Polon., 12: 420.

Type host: Motacilla flava Linnaeus--Yellow Wagtail.

Philopterus phillipi Emerson, 1953 Philopterus phillipi Emerson, 1953. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 26: 132, pi. 1, figs. 1 and 3.

Type host; Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus (Wied)-- Pinon Jay.

124

Philopterus picae (Denny, 1842) Docophorus picae Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 41 and 67, pi. 1, fig. 9.

Docophorus subcrassipes Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 27: 116.

Docophoras singularis Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 61, pi. 5, fig. 5.

Type host: Pica pica (Linnaeus)--Black-billed Magpie. Other North American host: Pica nuttalli (Audubon)-- Yellow-billed Magpie.

Phitopterus quiscali (Osborn, 1896) Docophorus quiscali Osborn, 1896, Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5: 219, fig. 141.

Type host: Quiscalus quiscula (Linnaeus)-- Cornmon Grackle.

Philopterus rapax (Ziotorzycka, 1964) Docophorulus rapax Ziotorzycka, 1964. Acta Parasit. Polon., 12: 421, fig. 5h, and photographs 11 and 12.

Type host: Fringilla montifringilla--Brambling.

Philopterus rufus (Kellogg, 1899) Docophorus rufus Kellogg, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 7, pi. 1, figs. 6 and 9.

Type host: Myiarchus cinerascens (Lawrence)-- Ash-throated Flycatcher.

Philopterus rutteri (Kellogg, 1899) Docophorus rutteri Kellogg, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 12, pi. 1, fig. 3.

Type host: Parus atricapillus (Linnaeus)--Black- capped Chickadee.

Philoterus sialii (Osborn, 1896) Docophorus sialii Osborn, 1896. Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5: 220.

Docophorus incisus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 474, pi. 65, fig. 3.

Type host: Sialia sialia (Linnaeus)--Bluebird.

125

Philopterus timmermanni (Ziotorzycka, 1964) Docophorulus timmermanni Ziotorzycka, 1964. Acta Parasit. Polon., 1Z: 422, fig. 7.

Type host: Turdus musicus Linnaeus--Red-wing.

126

Genus PHYSCONELLOIDES

Physconelloides Ewing, 1927. J. Wash. Acad. Sci., 17: 94. Type species: Physconelloides ceratoceps Ewing, 1927.

Gonlocotacanthus Guimaraes, 1936. Rev. Mus. S. Paulo, ~20: 225.

Type species: Goniocotacanthus mattogrossensis Guimaraes, 1936.

For a recent review of this genus, see Emerson, I960 (J. Kansas Ent. Soc. , 33: 122).


Columba leucocephala Linnaeus--White-crowned Pigeon.

Columba squamosa Bonnaterre--Scaly-naped Pigeon,

Columba flavirostris Wagler--Red-billed Pigeon. Zenaida aurita (Temminck)--Zenaida Dove. Streptopelia chinensis (Scopoli)--Spotted Dove. Streptopelia risoria (Linnaeus)--Ringed Turtle Dove.

Scardafella inca (Lesson)--Inca Dove. Geotrygon chrysia Bonaparte--Key West Quail-Dove.

Physconelloides ceratoceps Ewing, 1927 Physconelloides ceratoceps Ewing, 1927. J. Wash. Acad. Sci., 17: 94.

Type host: Leptotila verreauxi Bonaparte--White-fronted Dove.

Physconelloides montana Carriker, 1961 Physconelloides montana Carriker, 1961. Novedades

Colombianas, 1 (6): 518, pi, I, fig. 3; pi. Ill, fig. 4. Type host: Geotrygon montana (Linnaeus) - -Ruddy Quail-Dove.

127

Physconelloides passerinae Ernerson, 1957 Physconelloides passerinae Emerson, 1957. J. Kansas Ent. Soc. , 30: 37, fig. 4.

Type host: C olumbigallina passerina (Linnaeus)-- Ground Dove.

Physconelloides spenceri Emerson and Ward, 1958 Physconelloides spenceri Emerson and Ward, 1958. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 31: 239, figs. 1 and 4.

Type host: Columba fasciata Say--Band-tailed Pigeon.

Physconelloides wisemani Emerson, 1960 Physconelloides wisemani Emerson, 1960. J. Kansas Ent. , Soc., 33: 122, figs. 4, 9 and 14.

Type host: Zenaida asiatica (Linnaeus)--White-winged Dove,

Physconelloides zenaidurae (McGregor, 1917) Goniodes zenaidurae McGregor, 1917. Ent. News, 28: 433, pi. 28, figs. I and 4.

Type host: Zenaidura macroura (Linnaeus)--Mourning Dove.

Other North American host: Domestic Pigeon.

128

Genus PICICOLA

Picicola Clay and Meinertzhagen, 1938. Entomologist, 71: 2. Type species: Picicola praeposterus Clay and Meinertzhagen, 1938 (A synonym of Lipeurus mississippiensis McGregor, 1917).

Tyrannicola Carriker. 1956. Florida Ent. , 39: 73. Type species: Nirmus foedus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899.

The genus is found on hosts of the orders Piciformes and Passeriformes. Probable North American hosts include all species of these two host orders not listed. Tyrannicola may be recognizable as a subgenus for the species found on hosts of the order Passeriformes.

For a discussion of fhe species found on Piciformes, see Dalgleish, 1969 (Proc. R. Ent. Soc. London (B), 38: 101).

Picicola foedus (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899) Nirmus foedus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci. , 6: 87, pi. 6, fig. 7.

Type host: Phainopepla nitena (Swainson)--Phainopepla

(See Carriker, 1957), Microentomology, 22: 100).

Picicola marginatulus (Harrison, 1961) Nirmus marginatus Osborn, 1896 (nee Burmeister, 1838). Bull. U.S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5: 228, pi. 2, fig. b.

Degeeriella marginatula Harrison, 1916. Parasitology, 9: 117 (nn^for N^ marginatus Osborn, 1896).

Type host: Dryocopus pileatus (Linnaeus )--Pileated

Woodpecker.

Picicola orpheus (Osborn, 1896) Nirmus prpheus Osborn, 1896. Bull, U.S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5: 227.

Type host: Dumetella carolinensis (Linnaeus)~-Catbird.

129

Picicola porisma porisma Dalgleish. 1969. Proc. R. Ent. Soc. London, (B),. 38: 108, fig. 19.

Type host: Colaptes cafer (Gmelin)--Red-shafted Flicker. Other North American hosts:

Colaptes auratus (Linnaeus)--Yellow-shafted Flicker. Colaptes chrvso^des (Malherbe)--Gilded Flicker.

Picicola snodgrassi (Kellogg, 1896) Lipeurus snodgrassi Kellogg. 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad.

Sci., 6: 502, pi. 88, fig. 2. Lipeurus mississippiensis McGregor, 1917. Psyche, 24: 107, .pi. 1, figs. 1 and 5.

Picicola praeposterus Clay and Meinertzhagen. 1938. Entomologist, 71: 74, figs. 1 and 2.

Picicola praeposterus americana Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent. , 39: 71, figs. 45-46.

Type host: Melanerpes formicivorus (Swainson)--Acorn Woodpecker (see Dalgleish, 1969. Proc. R. Ent. Soc. London, (B), 38; 111).

Other North American hosts: Asvndesmus lewis fGray)--Lewis’ Woodpecker. Pendrocopos pubescens (Linnaeus)--Downy Woodpecker. Melanerpes ervthrocephalus (Linnaeus)--Red-headed Woodpecker.

Centurus carolinus (Linnaeus)--Red-bellied Woodpecker. Centurus aurifrons (Wagler)--Golden-fronted Woodpecker. Dendrocopos villosus (Linnaeus)--Hairy Woodpecker.

130

Genus PSEUDONIRMUS

Pseudonirmus Mjoberg, 1910. Ark. Zool. , 6: 149 Type species; Degeeriella chare oti Neumann, 1907.

This genus, found on certain species of the Procellariformes in the southern hemisphere, was reviewed by Timmermann in 1961 (Zeitr. Parasit. , 21: 31).

Pseudonirmus guriti (Taschenberg, 1882). Lipeurus guriti Taschenberg, 1882. Nova Acta Leop. �

Carol. , 44: 151, pi. 5, fig. 6. Type host: Daption capense (Linnaeus) --Cape Petrel.

131

Genus QUADRACEPS

^^^C^^nd Meinenzhagen, 1939. Ann. Mag. Nat. Type species: Degeeriella vanelli (Denny. 1842) (A synonym of Nirm^ hosp^s Nitzsch, 1866).

Koeniginirmus Eichler, 1940. Zool. Anz., 130- 101 Type species: Wrm^^ncûs Burmeister,’ 1838. Oedicnemiceps Eichler. 1943. Zool. Anz. 141. 59 Type species: N^rmus annulatus Denny, 1842. Glareolites Eichler, 1944. Stettin. Ent. Ztg. 105. 80 Type species: N^rmus^ ̂ lUpt^s Nitzsch, 1866.

’

Nirmoldes Eichler’ 1944. Stettin. Ent. Ztg., 105. 81 Type species: Docophorus antennatus Piaget, 1880 (A synonym of Wrmus^^nne^ Nitzsch, 1866). ’

Szidatiella Eichler. 1944. Stettin. Ent. Ztg., 105. 81 Type species: Docophorus elonm^ Pi,^ ’

,oflc_

Mjoberginirmus Eichler, 1944. Stettin. Ent. Ztg 105. 85 rype species: Nûs^ ̂bUqu^s MjBberg, 1910. ’ ’

Haematophagus Timmermann, 1950. Fauna Islandica, 2. 1 and 2 Type species: Quadra^ps haemal (Denny. 1842) (A synonym of Quadraceps auratus (deHaan. 1829). Cistellatrix Timmermann. 1953. Bombus, 78/79- 331 Type species: Quadraceps dec^^ (Denny, 1842). P^SP^l Timmermann, 1953. Bombus. 78/79. 331 Type species: Quadraceps ̂ em^s^^ (Nitzsch, 1866). Peripetasma Timmermann, 1954. Zool. Anz 152. 167

Ty^species: Peripetasma ôaâ^m. Timmermann,

132

Carrikericeps Eichler and Ziotorzycka, 1964. Dtsch. Ent. Zeitsch. , 11: 320.

Type species: Quadraceps punensis Carriker, 1949.

Tirnmermanniceps Eichler and Ziotorzycka, 1964. Dtsch. Ent. Zeitsch. , 11: 3ZZ.

Type species: Quadraceps phalaropi (Denny, 1842).

Chadraceps Ziotorzycka, 1967. Bull. Ent. Polon., 37: 728. Type species: Pediculus hiaticulae 0. Fabricius, 1780.

Anousceps Ziotorzycka, 1967. Bull. Ent. Polon., 37: 730. Type species: Nirmus separatus Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902.

Himantophagus Ziotorzycka, 1967. Bull. Ent. Pllon., 37: 733. Type species: Nirmus hemichrous Nitzsch, 1866.

Laminonirmus Ziotorzycka, 1967. Bull. Ent. Polon., 37: 754. Type species: Koeniginirmus ornatus (Grube, 1851).

No comprehensive study of the genus is available; however, several lesser studies are published. For an excellent study of the forms found on the Tringinae, see Hopkins and Timmermann, 1954 (Trans. R. Ent. Soc. London, 105: 131). For a review of the forms found on the Larinae, see Timmermann, 1952 (Ann.

^ Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 5: 211 and 595). For a review of the

( forms found on the Sterninae, see Timmermann, 1952 (Zool. Anz., 148: 71). For a review of the genus found on the Phala- ropodidae, see Timmermann, 1955 (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 8: 516). Ziotorzycka, 1967 (Bull. Ent. Polon., 37: 705) provides

’ a summary of species.

More than one species of this genus may be found on some host species. Also, apparently some species of Charadriiformes do not normally have parasites of this genus.

The probable hosts for which no data are available are:

Aphriza virgata (Gmelin) --Surfbird. Capella gallinago (Linnaeus) - - Common Snipe.

133

Heteroscelus brevlpes (Vieillot)--Polynesian Tattler. Micropalama himantopus (Bonaparte)--Stilt Sandpiper. Larus glaucescens Naumann--Glaucous-winged Gull. Larus schistisagus Stejneger--Slatv-baeked Gull. Larus fuscus Linnaeus�Lesser Black-backed Gull. Larus atricilla Linnaeus--Laughing Gull. Larus pipixcan Wagler--Franklin’s Gull. Pagophila eburnea (Phipps)- -Ivory Gull. Rissa brevirostris (Bruch)--Red-legged Kittiwake. Sterna trudeaui Audubon --Trudeau’s Tern. Sterna forsteri Nuttall--Forster’s Tern. Sterna aleutica Baird--Aleutian Tern. Thalasseus elegans (Gambel)--Elegant Tern. Uria lomvia (Linnaeus) - -Thick-billed Murre. Cepphus grylle (Linnaeus)--Black Guillemot. Brachyramphus marmoratum (Gmelin)--Marbled

Murrelet. Brachvramphus brevirostre (Vigors)--Kittlitz’s Murrelet.

Endomychura hvpoleuca (Xantus)--Xantus’ Murrelet. Endornvchura craveri (Salvadori)--Craveri’s Murrelet. Svnthliboramphus antiquum (Gnaelin)--Ancient Murrelet. Cvclorrhynchus psittacula (Pallas) --Parakeet Auklet. Aethia cristatella (Pallas)--Crested Auklet. Aethia pygmaea (Gmielin)--Whiskered Auklet. Cerorhinca monocerata (Pallas)--Rhinoceros Auklet. Fratercula arctica (Linnaeus)--Coinmon Puffin. Fratercula corniculata (Naumann)--Horned Puffin. Lunda cirrhata (Pallas)--Tufted Puffin.

Quadraceps aethereus (Giebel, 1874) Nirmus aethereus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 301. Type host: Aethia pusilla (Pallas)--Least Auklet.

Quadraceps alcae (Penny. 1842) Nirmus alcae Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 52 and 137, pi. 9, fig. I.

Nirmus citrinus Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel. Z. ges. NatWiss 28: 378.

Type host: Aica torda Linnaeus--Razorbill.

134

Quadraceps alcvonae (Carriker. 1959) Alcedoffula alcvonae Carriker. 1959. Novedades Bolombianas, 1 (4): 207, figs. 6-7.

Type host: Mergaceryl alcvon (Linnaeus)--Belted King- fisher.

Quadraceps anagrapsus (Nitzsch. 1866) Nirmus anagrapsus Nitzsch. 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss. , 28: 376.

Koeniginirmus pagasti Eichler, 1951. Bonner Zool. Beitr. , 2: 128, fig. 2.

Type host: Chlidonias hybrida (Pallas) North American host: Chlidonias leucopterus (Temminck)-- White-winged Black Tern.

Quadraceps assimilis assimilis (Piaget, 1890) Nirmus assimilis Piaget, 1890, Proc. Ent. Soc. London, 1890: 23, fig.

Type host: Eupoda asia-tica (Pallas) North American host: Eupoda montana (Townsend)-- Mountain Plover.

Quadraceps assimilis major (Kellogg, 1899) Nirmus fissus major Kellogg. 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 15, pi. 2, fig. 2.

Nirmus macrocephalus Waterston, 1914. Ann. S. Afr. Mus., 10: 284, pi. 35, figs. 2 and 5.

Quadraceps ptvadis pallasi Timmermann. 1953. Zool. Anz., 150: 181.

Quadraceps retractus Ziotorzycka, 1967. Bull. Ent. Polon. 37: 722, pi. 2, photograph 4 and pi. 5, photograph 4.

Type host: Charadrius sp. , probably alexandrinus Linnaeus --Snowy Plover.

Other North American hosts: Charadrius melodus Ord�Piping Plover.

Charadrius mongolus Pallas--Mongolian Plover. Charadrius wilsonia Ord’-Wilson’s Plover.

Quadraceps auratus (deHaan, 1829) Docophorus auratus deHaan, 1829. In Lyonet, Mem. Mus. Hist. Paris, 18: 272 and 310, pi. 13, fig. 9

Nirmus haematopi Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 50 and 126, pi. 10, fig. 3.

Nirmus ochropygos Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 372.

135

Nirmus ridgwayi Kellogg, 1906. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., 32: 317.

Type host: Haematopus ostralegus Linnaeus--European Oystercatcher.

North American hosts: Haematopus palliatus Temminck- -American Oystercatcher.

Haematopus bachinani Audubon~"Black Oyster- catcher.

Quadraceps baliola baliola (Btagoveshtchensky, 1951) Degeeriella caspia baliola Blagoveshtchensky, 1951. Mag. Parasit., Leningr, 13: 300, fig. 13.

Quadraceps insignis calendae Timmermann, 1952. Zool. Anz., 148: 83"

Type host: Gelochelidon nilotica (Gn-ielin)--Gull-billed Tern.

Quadraceps birostris (Giebel, 1874) Nirmus birostris Giebel, 1874. Jnsecta Epizoa: 174. Nirmus gloriosus Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 4: 468, pi. 29, fig. 2.

Nirmus obtusus Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 4: 468, pi. 29, fig. 2.

Type host: Sterna fuscata Linnaeus--Sooty Tern.

Quadraceps carrikeri Hopkins and Timmermann, 1954 Quadraceps carrikeri Hopkins and Timmermann, 1954. Trans. R. Ent. Soc. London, 105: 147, fig. 13; pi. 2, figs. 19-20.

Type host; Catoptrophorus semipalmatus (Gmelin)-- Willet.

Quadraceps charadrii charadrii (Linnaeus, 1758) Pediculus charadrii Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat,, ed. 10: 613.

Type host: Pluvialis apricaria (Linnaeus)--Eurasian Golden Plover.

136

Quadraceps charadrii hospes (Nitzsch, 1866) Nirmus hospes Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 371.

�

Nirmus vane Hi Penny, 1842 (nee Schrank, 1803). ’ Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 51 and 128, pi. 7, fig. 6.

Type host: Squatarola squatarola (Linnaeus)--Black- bellied Plover.

; Quadraceps charadrii orarius (Kellogg, 1896) ’( Nirmus orarius Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ’ 6: 104,’pl. 5, fig. 5.

Nirmus orarius hawaiiensis Kellogg and Chapman, 1902. J. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 10: 159.

Type host: Pluvialis dominica (Muller)--American Golden Plover.

Quadraceps charadrii punctifer Hopkins, 1949 Nirmus punctatus (Giebel, 1874) (nee Burmeister, 1838). Insecta Epizoa: 156.

Quadraceps punctifer Hopkins, 1949. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 2: 51 (nn for N. punctatus Giebel, 1874).

Type host; Eudromias morinellus (Linnaeus)--Dotterel.

Quadraceps columbianus (Carriker, 1959) Alcedoffula columbiana Carriker, 1959. Novedades

Colombianas, 1, (4): 205, figs. 1-2.

Type host: Chloroceryle americana (Gmelin)-"Green Kingfisher.

Quadraceps conformis (Blagoveshtchensky, 1940) Degeeriella conform is Blagoveshtchensky, 1940. Mag. Parasit., Leningr., 8: 56 and 84, fig. 14.

Type host: Totanus totanus (Linnaeus)--Redshank. Other North American host: Heteroscelus incanum

(Gmelin)--Wandering Tattler.

Quadraceps connexus (Kellogg and Mann, 1912) Nirmus infectus connexus Kellogg and Mann, 1912. Ent. Ne^s, 23:TT;

! Type host: Lobipes lobatus (Linnaeus)--Northern Phalarope.

13-T

Quadraceps etongatus (Piaget, 1885) Docophorus elongatus Piaget, 1885. Les Pediculines, Supplement: 15, pi. 2, fig. 4.

Type host: Rynchops flavirostris Vieillot. North American host: Rynchops nigra Linnaeus--Black Skimmer.

Quadraceps eugrammicus bryki Timmermann, 1952 Quadraceps eugrammicus bryki Timmermann, 1952. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 5: 221.

Type host: Rhodostethia rosea (MacGillivray)--Ross’ Gull.

Quadraceps eugrammicus eugramm icus (Burmeister, 1838) Nirrous eugrammicus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent., 2: 428.

Philopterus grammicus Gervais, 1844. In Walckenaer, Hist. Nat. Ins., 3: 350 (nn^for_N_. eugrammicus Burmeister, 1838).

Type host: Larus minutus Pallas--Little Gull.

Quadraceps eugrammicus lineatus (Piaget, 1880) Nirmus lineatus Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 204, pi. 16, fig. 7.

Nirmus or Degeeriella jugifer T. Mttller, 1932. Ber. westpreuss. hot. - zool. Ver., 54: 29 and 32.

Type host: Xema sabini (Sabine)--Sabine’s Gull.

Quadraceps falcigerus (Peters, 1931) Degeeriella falcigera Peters, 1931. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 24: 583, fig. 1.

Type host: Tetanus ftavipes (Gmelin)--Lesser Yellowlegs .

Quadraceps fimbriatus (Giebel, 1866) Nirmus fimbriatus Giebel, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 374.

Type host: Steganopus tricolor Vieillot--Wilson’s Phalarope.

13^

Quadraceps fissus (Burmeister, 1838) Nirmus fissus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent. , 2: 427. Nirmus hiaticulae Penny, 1842 (nee 0. Fabricius, 1780). Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 52 and 136, pi. 11, fig. 10.

Nirmus craasipes Denny, 1852. List. Brit. Animals in Brit. Mus. , pt. II, Anoplura: 21 (nn for N.. fissus Burmeister, 1838).

Nirmus opacus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci. , 6: 83, pi. 6, fig. 6.

Type host: Charadrius hiatricula Linnaeus--Ringed Plover. Other North American host: Charadrius semiplamatus Bona- parte--Semipalmated Plover.

Quadraceps giebeli (Eichler. 1951) Koeniginirmus nvcthemerus giebeli Eichler, 1951. Bonn. Zool. Beitr., 2: 128 (nn for "Nirmus anagrapsus var. ". Giebel, 1874: 173).

Type host: Sterna dougallii Montague-Roseate Tern.

Quadraceps griseus (Rudow, 1869) Nirmus griseus Rudow, 1869. Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph. : 21. ’Nirmus caspius Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 174. Koeniginirmus caspius certus Ziotorzycka, 1967. Bull.

Ent. Polon., 37: 757; pi. 14, photograph 3; pi. 15, photograph 3; pi. 16, photograph 3.

Type host: Hvdroprogne caspia (Pallas)--Caspian Tern.

Quadraceps hemichrous (Nitzsch, 1866) Nirmus hemichrous Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. , ges. NatWiss., 28: 372.

Nirmus opisthotomus Kellogg, 1910. Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Zool. Exped. Kilimandjaro, 3, abt. 15: 46, pi. 7, fig. 4.

Type host: Himantopus himantopus (Linnaeus). North American host: Himantopus mexicanus (Muller)-- Black-necked Stilt.

Quadraceps hiaticulae boephilus (Kellogg, 1896) Nirmus boephilua Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. , 6: 107, pi. 5, fig. 7.

Nirmus parallelus Osborn. 1896. Bull. U.S. Bur. Ent.

(n.s.) 5: 229, pi.- 2, fig. d.

Type host: Charadrins vociferus Linnaeus --Killdeer.

139

Quadraceps hiaticulae hiaticulae (0. Fabricius, 1780). Pediculus hiaticulae 0. Fabricius, 1780. Fauna Groenlandica: 220.

Quadraceps praegracilis Carriker, 1956. Rev. Brasil. Ent., 5: 136, fig. 22.

Type host: Charadrius hiaticula Linnaeus--Ringed Plover. North American host: Charadrius semipalmatus Bonaparte --Semipalm ate d Plover.

Quadraceps impar Hopkins and Timmermann, 1954 Quadraceps impar Hopkins and Timmermann, 1954. Trans. R. Ent. Soc. London, 105: 147, fig. 12; pi. 2,

figs. 17-18. Type host: Heteroscelus incanum (Gmelin)--Wandering Tattler. (?)*

Quadracepg junceus (Scopoli, 1763) Pediculus junceus Scopoli, 1763. Ent. Carniolica: 384. Pediculus vanelli Schrank, 1803. Fauna Boica: 190. Type host: Vanellus vanellus (Linnaeus)--Lapwing.

Quadraceps kekra Ansari, 1947 Quadraceps kekra Ansari, 1947. Proc. Nat. Inst. Sci. India, 13: 276, fig. 8.

Type host: Gelochelidon nilotica (Gmelin)--Gull-billed Tern.

Quadraceps klatti Timmermann, 1954 Quadraceps klatfi Timmermann, 1954. Zool. Anz., 152: 172, fig. 9r and 10.

Type host: Plautus alle (Linnaeus)--Dovekie.

Quadraceps lahorensis Ansari, 1956 (?) Quadraceps lahorensis Ansari, 1956. Indian J. Ent.,

1: 399. Type host: Philomachus pugnax (Linnaeus)--Ruff (This may be in error).

* To date, I have been unable to find this parasite on this host.

140

Quadraceps legatus Timmermann, 1952 Quadraceps legatus Timmermann, 1952. Zool. Anz., 148: 77, figs. 4-5.

Type host: Sterna anaethetus Scopoli--Bridled Tern.

Quadraceps longicollis (Rudow, 18&9) Nirmus tongicollis Rudow, 1869. Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph.: 49.

Type host: Thalasseus sandvicensis (Latham)--Sand- wich Tern.

Quadraceps maritimus (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899) Nirmus maritimus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. CaUf. Acad. Sci., 6: 72, pi. 6, fig. 1.

Type host: Ptychoramphus aleutica (Pallas)--Cassin’s Auklet.

Quadraceps nigrolimbatus (Mjoberg, 1910) Nirmus nigrolimbatus Mjoberg, 1910. Ark. Zool., 6: 135, pi. 5, fig. 4.

Type host: Limnodromus scolopaceus (Say)--Long-billed Dowitcher.

Other North American host: Lim nod r om u s griseus (Gmelin)--Short-billed Dowitcher.

Quadraceps norm if er alpha (Kellogg. 1914) Nirmus triangulatus alpha Kellogg, 1914. Brooklyn Sci. Bull., 2: 84.

Type host: Catharacta skua Brunnich--Skua.

Quadraceps norm if er normifer (Grube, 1851) Nirmus normifer Grube, 1851. In Middendorf, Sibir. Reise, 2: 478, pi. 31, fig. 8.

�

Nirmus triangulatus Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss. , 28: 378.

Type host: Stercorarius parasiticus (Linnaeus)-- Parasitic Jaeger.

141

Quadraceps normifer parvopallidus (Eichler, 1951) Koeniginirmus normifer parvopallidus Eichler, 1951. Bonn. Zool. Beitr., 1/2: 127 (nn for "Nirmus d’une Lestris spinicuda Piaget, 1880, p. 202").

Type host: Stercorarius longicaudus Vieillot--Long- tailed Jaeger.

Quadraceps normifer stellaepolaris Timmermann, 1952 Quadraceps normifer stellaepolaris Timmermann, 1952. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 5: 1037.

Type host: Stercorarius pomarinus (Temminck)-- Pomarine Jaeger.

Quadraceps nychthemerus (Burmeister, 1838) Nirmus nychthemerus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent. , 2: 428.

Nirmus urniger Giebel, 1861, Z. ges. NatWiss., 18: 315 (nn for N. nychthemerus Burmeister, 1838).

Nirinus mesomelas Nitzsch, 1874. In Giebel, Insecta Epizoa: 174, pi. 5, fig. 8.

Type host: Sterna albifrons Pallas--Least Tern.

Quadraceps obliquus (Mjoberg, 1910) Nirmus obliquus Mjoberg, 1910. Ark. Zool., 6: 148, pi. 2, figs. 2 and 5.

Type host: Uria aalge (Pontoppidan)--Common Murre.

Quadraceps obscurus (Burmeister, 1838) Nirmus obscurus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent., 2; 427.

Type host: Tringa glareola Linnaeus--Wood Sandpiper.

Quadraceps ornatus ornatus (Grube, 1851) Nirmus ornatus Grube, 1851, In Middendorff, Sibir. Reise, 2: 477, pi. 31, fig. 4.

Nirmus lineolatus atrimarginatus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 75.

Type host; Larus canus Linnaeus--Mew Gull. North American host: Larus marinus Linnaeus--Great Black-backed Gull.

142

Quadraceps ornatus paulschulzei (Timmermann. 1949) Koeniginirmus ornatus paulschulzei Timmermann. 1949. Verb. Visind. Isl. , Z: 86, fig. 1.

Type host: Rissa tridactyla (Linnaeus)--Black-legged

Kittiwake.

Quadraceps ornatus striolatus (Nitzsch, 1866) Nirmus striolatus Nitzsch, 1966. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 377.

Koeniginirmus ornatus alius Ziotorzycka, 1967. Bull. Ent. Polon., 37: 763; pi. 14, photograph 1; pi. 17, photograph 2.

Koeniginirmus ornatus benignus Ziotorzycka. 1967. Bull. Ent. Polon. , 37: 764; pi. 14, photograph 2; pi. 16, photograph 1; pi. 17, photograph 1.

Type host: Larus hvperboreus Gunnerus--Glaucous Gull. Other North American hosts:

Larus argentatus Pontoppidan--Herring Gull. Larus marinus Linnaeus--Great Black-backed Gull. Larus canus Linnaeus--Mew Gull. Larus glaucoides Meyer--Iceland Gull.

Quadraceps pacificus (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899) Nirmus pacificus Kelloge and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci. , 6: 70, pi. 5, fig. 8.

Type host: Cepphus columba Pallas --Pigeon Guillemot

(See Carriker, 1957), Microentomology, 22: 101).

Ouadraceps phaeonotus (Nitzsch, 1866) Nirmus phaeonotus Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges, NatWiss., 28: 375.

Type host: Chlidonias niger (Linnaeus)--Black Tern.

Qudraceps phalropi (Denny, 1842) Nirmus phalaropic Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 53 and 139, pi. 8, fig. 6.

Nirmus infectus Kellogg and Kuwana, 1900. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. , 23: 153, pi. 7, fig. 2.

Nirmus fulvoguttatus Mjoberg, 1910. Ark. Zool., 6: 139, pi. 1, fig. 3.

Type host: Phalaropus fulicarius (Linnaeus)--Red Phalarope.

143

Quadraceps praestans (Kellogg, 1896) Nirmus praestans Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 99, pi. 5, figs. 1 and 2.

Nirmus hebes Kellogg. 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 101, pi. 5, fig. 3.

Type host: Thalasseus maximus (Boddaert)- -Royal Tern.

Quadraceps punctatus felix (Giebel. 1874) Nirmus felix Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 175. Koeniginirmus punctatus kelloggi Eichler, 1951. ’Bonn. Zool. Beitr. , 2: 132.

Type host: La-rus heermanni Cassin--Heermann’s Gull.

Quadraceps punctatus punctatus (Burmeister, 1838) Nirmus punctatus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent. , 2: 428. Nirmus punctulatus Giebel, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss. , 28: 377.

Type host: Larus ridibundus Linnaeus--Black-headed Gull.

Quadraceps punctatus regressus Timmermann. 1952 Quadraceps punctatus regressus Timmermann, 1952. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 5: 215.

Koeniginirmus punctatus ancillaris. Ziotorzycka, 1967. Bull. Ent. Polon., 37: 751; pi. 11, photograph 2, and pi. 13, photograph 3.

Koeniginirmus punctatus auctosus Ziotorzycka, 1967. Bull. Ent. Polon., 37: 751; pi. 12, photograph 2, and pi. 13, photograph 2.

Koeniginirmus punctatus balticus Ziotorzvcka, 1967. Bull. Ent. Polon., 37: 752; pi. 11, photograph 3, and pi. 12, photographs 3 and 4.

Koeniginirmus punctatus ceterus Ziotorzycka, 1967. Bull. Ent. Polon. , 37: 752; pi. 13, photograph 4.

Koeniginirmus punctatus flabilis Ziotorzycka, 1967. Bull. Ent. Polon., 37: 753, pi. 11, photograph 4.

Type host: Larus argentatus Pontoppidan--Herring Gull. Other North American hosts:

Larus canus Linnaeus--Mew Gull. Larus fuscus Linnaeus�Lesser Black-backed Gull.

144

Qudraceps punctatus sublingulatus Timmermann, 1952 Quadraceps punctatus sublingulatus Timmermann, 1952. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 5: 215.

Type host; Laurus delawarensis Ord--Ring-billed Gull. Other North American hosts:

Larus occidentalisAudubon- -Western Gull. Larus californicus Lawrence- -California Gull. Larus Philadelphia (Ord)--Bonaparte’s Gull.

Quadraceps ravus (Kellogg, 1899) Nirmus furvus ravus Kellogg, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif.

Acad. Sci., 6: 14, pi. 2, fig. 1. Degeeriella su’bfusca Blagoveshtchensky, 1948. Mag. Parasit. , Leningr. , 10: 286, figs. 20 and 20a.

Type host: Actitus macularia (Linnaeus)--Spotted Sandpiper.

Quadraceps sellatus houri Hopkins, 1949 Quadraceps houri Hopkins, 1949. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ,

(12), 2: 52, pi. 3, figs. 9-10. Type host: Sterna paradisaea Pontoppidan--Arctic Tern.

Quadraceps sellatus sellatus (Burmeister, 1838) Nirmus sellatus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent. , 2: 428, Nirmus sellinger Giebel, 1861. Z. ges. NatWiss., 18: 315 (nn_for N. sellatus Burmeister, 1838).

Philopterus stellatus Gervais, 1884. In Walckenaer, Hist. Nat. Insectes, 3: 346 (misspelling of sellatus Burmeister).

Type host: Sterna hirundo Linnaeus--Common Tern.

Quadraceps semifissus mexicanus Carriker, 1944 Quadraceps semifissa mexicana Carriker, 1944. Bol. Ent. Venezol. , 3: 99, pi. 5, figs. 8-9.

Type host: Himantopus mexicanus (Muller)--Black-necked Stilt.

Quadraceps separatus (Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902) Nirmus separatus Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 4: 472, pi. 29, fig. 6.

Nirmus gloriosus emareinatus Kellogg and Chapman, 1902. J. N. Y. Ent. Soc. , 10: 159.

Type host: Anotts stolidus (Linnaeus)--Noddy Tern.

145

Quadraceps similis (Giebel, 1866) Nirmus similis Giebel, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 374.

Nirmus interruptus Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 173, pi. 14, fig. 6.

Nirmus clypeatus Kellogg and Paine, 1914. Rec. Indian Mus., 10: 237, pi. 14, fig. 3.

Degeeriella austini Peters, 1931. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. :

24: 585, fig. 2. Degeeriella dissimilis Blagoveshtchensky, 1948. Mag. Parasit. , Leningr. , 10: 283, figs. 15 and 15a.

Type host: Tringa nebularis (Gunnerus) North’American host:" Totanus melanoleucus (Gmelin)-- Greater Yellowlegs.

Quadraceps strepsilaris (De nny, 1842) Nirmus strepsilaris Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 52 and 135, pi. 11, fig. 4.

Nirmus subcingulatus Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss. , 28: 372.

Nirmus euprepes Kellogg and Chapman, 1902. J. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 10: 21, pi. 3, fig. 1.

Nirmus obtusus Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. , 4: 468, pi. 29, fig. 2.

Nirmus lepidus Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 4: 473, pi. 29, fig. 7.

Type host: Arenaria interpres (Linnaeus)�Ruddy Turnstone.

Other North American host: Arenaria melanocephala

(Vigors)--Black Turnstone.

Quadraceps waterstoni Hopkins and Timmerman, 1954 Quadraceps waterstoni Hopkins and Timmermann, 1954. Trans. R. Ent. Soc. London, 105: 143, fig. 9; pi. 2,

figs. 11-12. Type host: Tringa solitaria Wilson--Solitary Sandpiper.

Quadraceps zephyra (Timmermann, 1954) Cistellatrix zephyra Timnierman, 1954. Zool. Anz. , 152: 165, figs. Ie and 2.

Type host: Recurvirostra americana Gmelin "American

Avocet.

146

Genus RALLICOLA

Oncophorus Piaget, 1880 (nee Rudow, 1870). Les Pediculines: 213.

Type species: Oncophorus bisetosus Piaget, 1880 (By subsequent designation by Hopkins and Clay, 1952, Check List of Mallophaga: 317).

Rallicola Johnston and Harrison, 1911. Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W., 36: 324.

Type species: Oncophorus attenuatus (Burmeister, 1838) (A synonym of Pediculus ortygometrae Schrank, 1781).

Parricola Harrison, 1915. Parasitology, 8: 90. Type species: Rallicola sulcatus Piaget, 1880.

Aptericola Harrison, 1915. Parasitology, 8: 90. Type species: Rallicola (Aptericola) gadowi Harrison, 1915.

Furnaricola Carriker, 1944. Bol. Ent. Venezol., 3: 83. Type species: Furnaricola acutifrons Carriker, 1944.

Corvicola Carriker, 1949. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 100: 3. Type species: Corvicola insulanus Carriker, 1949.

Epipicus Carriker, 1949. Rev. Brasil, Biol., 9: 309. Type species: Epipicus scapanoides Carriker, 1949.

For a review of the genus, see Emerson, 1955 (Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer.,, 48: 284) and 1957 (Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 59: 185).

The only probable North American host for which no data are available is: Laterallus jamaicensis (Gmelin)- -Black Rail.

Rallicola advenus (Kellogg, 1896) Oncophorus advena Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Sci,,

6: 133, pi. "IT, figs. 1 and 2. Docophorus minuto-trabeculatus Osborn, 1896. Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5: 221.

Type host: Fulica americana Gmelin--American Coot.

147

Rallicola cuspidatus (Scopoli, 1763) Pediculus cuspidatus Scopoli, 1763. Ent. Carniolica: 385.

Type host: Rallus aquaticus Linnaeus--Water Rail.

Rallicola elliotti Emerson, 1955 Rallicola elliotti Emerson, 1955. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 48: 296, figs. 23 and 25.

Type host: Porphyrula martinica (Linnaeus)--Purple Gallinule.

Rallicola exiguifrons (Carriker, 1944) Parricola exiguifrons Carriker, 1944. Bol. Ent. Venezol., 3: 97, pi. 5, figs. 5-7.

Type host: Jacana spinosa (Linnaeus)--Jacana.

Rallicola fulicae (Denny, 1842) Rallicola fulicae Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 50 and 125, pi. 9, fig. 2.

Type host: Fulica atra Linnaeus--European Coot.

Rallicola funebris (Nitzsch, 1866) Nirmus funebris Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 3 71.

Rallicola bresslaui Pessoa and Guimaraes, 1935. Ann. Fac. Med. S. Paulo, 11: 169, figs. 1-6.

Type host: Aramus guarauna (Linnaeus) --Limpkin.

Rallicola kelloggi Emerson, 1957 Rallicola kelloggi Emerson, 1957. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 59: 188, fig. 3.

Type host: Rallus limicola Vieillot--Virginia Rail.

Rallicola minutus (Nitzsch, 1866) Nirmus minutus Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 28F375.

Nirmus parvulus Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 669, pi. 55, fig. 6.

Rallicola bisetosa microcephala Uchida, 1948. Jap. Med. J., I: 307^

Type host: Gallinula chloropus (Linnaeus)--Common Gallinule.

148

Rallicola mystax (Giebel, 1874) Nirmus mystax Giebel, 1874.. Insecta Epizoa: 301. Type host: Porzana porzana Linnaeus--Spotted Crake. North American host: Porzana Carolina (Linnaeus)-- Sora.

Rallicola ortygometrae californicus (Kelloggand Chapman, 1899) Oncophorus bisetosus californicus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci.., 6: 106. pi. 7, fig. 6.

Type host: Rallus longirostris Boddaert--Clapper Rail. Other North American host: Rallus elegans Audubon-- King Rail.

Rallicola ortygometrae ortygometrae (Schrank, 1781) Pediculus ortygometrae Schrank, 1781. Enum. Ins. Austr. Indig.: 503.

Type host: Crex crex (Linnaeus)--Corn Crake.

Rallicola ortygometrae subporzanae Enierson, 1957 Rallicola ortygometrae subporzanae Emerson, 1957. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 59: 186, fig. 2.


Rallicola porzanae (Piaget, 1880) Oncophorus bisetosus porzanae Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 218.

Type host: Coturnicops noveboracensis (Gmelin)-- Yellow Rail.

149

Genus RHYNONIRMUS

Rhynonirmus Thompson, 1935. Parasitology, 27; 281. Type species: Lipeurus infuscatus Osborn, 1896.

For a key to the species of the genus, see Clay, 1961 (Bull. Brit. Mus. (N. H.), Ent., 11: 52).

All probable North American hosts are listed.

Rhynonirmus infuscatus (Osborn, 1896) Lipeurus infuscatus Osborn, 1896. Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5: 234, pi. 2, figs. e and f.

Type host: Bartramia longicauda (Bechstein)-- Upland Plover (See Edwards, 1952, Psyche, 59:30).

Rhynonirmus parsona.e Clay, 1961 Rhynonirmus parsonae Clay, 1961. Bull. Brit.

Mus. (N.H.), Ent. , 11: 50, figs. 9-11, and plate I, figs. 2, 5 and 6.

Type host: Philohela minor (Gmelin)--American Woodcock.

Rhynoni rm us scolopacis (Denny, 1842) Nirmus scolopacis Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 54 and 149, pi. 2, fig. 8.

Nirmus truncatus Nitzsch, 1866 (nee Olfers, 1816). In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 28~375.

Lipeurus emarginatus Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 328, pi. 28, fig. 2.

Nirmus truncatus magnocephalus Carriker, 1902. J. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 10: 2-8, pi. 20, fig. 4.


150

Genus ROTUNDICEPS

Rotundiceps Edwards, 1952. Psyche, 59: 28. Type species: Nirmus cordatus Osborn, 189&.

The only known species in the genus is listed. In North America, the genus might also be collected off:

Limosa lapponica (Linnaeus)--Bar-tailed Godwit.

Limosa haemastica (Linnaeus)--Hudsonian Godwit.

Rotundiceps cordatus (Osborn, 1896) Nirmus cordatus Osborn, 1896, Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent., (n.s.), 5: 228, pi. 2, fig. a.

Nirmus lucidus Kellogg and Mann, 1912. Ent. Newi", 23: 60’.

Type host: Limosa fedoa (Linnaeus).--Marbled Godwit (See Edwards, 1952, Psyche, 59: 30).

151

Genus SAEMUNDSSONIA

Saemundssonia Timmermann, 1935. Zool. Anz., 114: 97. Type species; Philopterus gonothorax (Giebel, 1874).

Hastaephorus Keler, 1936. Arb. Morph. Tax. Ent. Berlin- Dahlem, 3: 261.

Type species: Docophorus alpinus Giebel, 1874. (A synonym of Pediculus tringae 0. Fabricius, 1780).

Puffinoecus Eichler, 1949. Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 79: 12.

Type species: Puffinoecus peusi Eichler, 1949.

No comprehensive study of the genus is available. For a discussion of the species found on the Sterninae, see Ward,

1955 (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 105: 83). For a discussion of the species found on Larinae, see Timmermann, 1951 (Parasit. News, 1; 1). For a key to the species found on the genus Phaethon, see Timrnermann, 1955 (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 8: 516).


available are:

Adamastor cinereus (Gmelin)--Black-tailed Shearwater. Puffinus carneipes Gould--Pale-footed Shearwater. Puffinus gravis (O’Reilly)--Greater Shearwater. Puffinus bulleri Salvin--New Zealand Shearwater.

Puffinus griseus (Gmelin)-- Sooty Shearwater. Puffinus tenuirostris (Temminck)- -Slender -billed Shearwater.

Puffinus auricularis Towns end--Towns end’s Shearwater. Puffinus assimilis Gould- -Little Shearwater. Pterodroma hasitata (Kuhl)--Black-capped Petrel. Pterodroma cahow (Nichols and Mowbray)--Bermuda Petrel.

Pterodroma inexpectata (Forster)--Scaled Petrel. Pterodroma arminjoniana (Giglioli and Salvadori)-- South Trinidad Petrel.

Pterodroma cookii (Gray)--Cook’s Petrel. Oceanodroma furcata (Gmelin)--Fork-tailed Petrel.

152

Oceanodroma homochroa (Coues)--Ashy Petrel. Oceanodroma macrodactyla Bryant--Guadalupe Petrel.

Oceanodroma castro (Harcourt) "Harcourt’s �Petrel. Oceanodroi-na tethys (Bonaparte) --Galopagos Petrel. Loomelama melania (Bonaparte)--Black Petrel. Halocyptena microsoma Coues--Least Petrel. Oceanites oceanicus (Kuhl)--Wilson’s Petrel. Fregetta tropica (Gould)--Black-bellied Petrel. Grus americana (Linnaeus)--Whooping Crane. Grus canadensis (Linnaeus)--Sandhill Crane. Eupoda montana (Towsend)--Mountain Plover. Aphriza virgata (Gmelin) - -Surfbird. Philohela minor (Gmelin) --American Woodcock. Bartramia longicauda (Bechstein)--Upland Plover. Heteroscelus incanum (Gmelin) - -Wandering Tattler. Heteroscelus brevipes (Vieillot)--Polynesian Tattler. Totanus totanus (Linnaeus)--Redshank. Catoptrophorus semipalmatus (Gn-ielin)--Willet. Calidris tenuirostris (Horsfield)--Great Knot. Erolia maritii-na (Brunnich)--Purple Sandpiper. Erolia subminuta (Middendorff)--Long-toed Stint. Erolia ruficollis (Pallas)--Rufous-necked Sandpiper. Erolia ferruginea (Pontoppidan) --Curle’w Sandpiper. Micropalarna himantopus (Bonaparte)--Stilt Sandpiper, Tryngites subruficollis (Vieillot)--Buff-breasted Sandpiper.

Limosa fedoa (Linnaeus)--Mar bled Godwit. Eurynorhynchus pygmeum (Linnaeus)--Spoonbill Sandpiper.

Recurvirostra americana Gmelin--American Avocet,

Himantopus mexicanus (MUller)--Black-necked Stilt. Phalaropus fulicarius (Linnaeus)--Red Phalarope. Lobipes lobatus (Linnaeus)--Northern Phalarope. Stercorarius longicaudus Vieillot--Long-tailed Jaeger. Larus glaucescens Naumann-Glaucous-"winged Gull. Larus schistisagus Stejneger--Slaty-backed Gull. Larus fuscus Linnaeus�Lesser Black-backed Gull. Larus californicus Lawrence--California Gull. Larus pipixcan Wagler--Franklin’s Gull.

153

Larus Philadelphia (Ord)--Bonaparte’s Gull. Rissa brevirostris (Bruch)- -Red-legged Kittiwake. Rhodostethia rosea (MacGillivray)--Ross’ Gull. Sterna aleutica Baird--Aleutian Tern. Thalasseus elegans (Gambel)- -Elegant Tern. Hydroprogne caspia (Pallas)--Caspian Tern. Chlidonias leucopterus (Temminck)- -"White -winged Black Tern.

Uria lomvia (Linnaeus)--Thick-billed Murre. Brachyramphus marmoratum (Gmelin)--Marbled Murrelet.

Endomychura hypoleuca (Xantus )--Xantus’ Murrelet. Endoymchura craveri (Saltadori)--Craveri’s Murrelet. Cyclorrhynchus psittacula (Pallas)--Parakeet Auklet. Aethia pus ilia (Pallas)--Least Auklet. Aethia pygmaea (Gmelin)- -Whiskered Auklet. Fratercula corniculata (Naumann)- -Horned Puffin. Lunda cirrhata (Pallas)--Tufted Puffin.

Saemunds s onia acutipecta (Kellogg, 1896) Docophorus acutipectus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. , 6: 84, pi. 3, fig. 4.

Type host: Cerorhinca monocerata (Pallas)--Rhinoceros Auklet.

Saemundssonia alaskensis (Kellogg and Kuwana, 1901) Docophorus alaskensis Kellogg and Kuwana, 1901. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1900: 151, pi. 7, fig, 1.

Type host; Unknown (Collected in Alaska, probably from a host of the family Alcidae).

Saemunds s onia albemarlensis (Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902) Docophorus albemarlensis Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 4; 465, pi. 28, fig. 5.

Saemundssonia petersi Ward, 1955. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. , no. 3353, 105: 90, figs. Ib, d and f.

Type host: Sterna fuscata Linnaeus--Sooty Tern.

Saemundssonia anisorhamphos Timmermann, 1951 Saemunds s onia anisorhamphos Timmermann, 1951. Natturufraedingnum, 3: 142, fig. 2.

Type host: Rynchops flavirostris Vieillot. North American host: Rynchops nigra Linnaeus--Black Skimmer.

164

Saemunds s onia brevicornis (Giebel, 1874) Docophorus brevicornis Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: ~n2~. Type host: Thalasseus sandvicensis (Latham)--Sandwich Tern. (This species has been found only on Thalasseus sandvicensis acuflavidus (Cabot)).

Saemunds s onia calva (Kellogg, 1896) Docophorus calvus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. , 6: 79, pi. 3, fig. 1.

Type host: Uria aalge (Pontoppidan) - -Common Murre.

Saemundssonia celidoxa (Burmeister, 1838) Docophorus celidoxa Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent. ,

2: 426^ Type host: Aica tor da Linnaeus--Razorbill.

Saemundssonia cephalus (Denny, 1842) Docophorus cephalus Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit. : 44 and 81, pi. 2, fig. 8.

Docophorus pustulosus Nitzsch, 1866, In Giebel, Z. ges.

NatWiss.. 28: 363. ~

Docophorus lari magna Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 112.

Docophorus atlanticus Kellogg, 1914. Brooklyn Sci. Bull. , 2: 81, pi. 16, fig. 1.

Type host: Stercorarius parasiticus (Linnaeus) - -Parasitic Jaeger.

Saemunds s onia conic a conic a (Denny, 1842) Docophorus conicus Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit. : 45 and 90, pi. 5, fig. 2.

Docophorus fuliginosus hawaiiensis Kellogg and Chapman, 1902. J. N. Y. Ent. Soc. , 10: 157.

Philoterus wallacei Johnson and Harrison, 1912. Trans. N. Z. Inst. , 44: 370, figs. 5-6.

Philoterus numeniicola Johnson and Harrison, 1912. Trans. N. Z. Inst. , 44: 372, figs. 11-12.

Type host: Pluvialis apricaria (Linnaeus)--Eurasian Golden Plover.


Charadrius vociferus Linnaeus--Killdeer. Pluviali s dominica (Muller)- -American Golden Plover.

155

Saemundssonia conica naumanni (Giebel, 1874) Docophorus naumanni Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 100. Docophorus fuliginosus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif.

Acad. ScF., 6: 80, pi. 3, fig. 2. Type host: Squatarola squatarola (Linnaeus)--Black- bellied Plover.

Saemunds s onia cordiceps (Piaget, 1880) Docophorus cordiceps Piaget, 1880 (nee Giebel, 1874). Les Pediculines: 664, pi. 54, fig. 7.

Type host: Arenaria interpres (Liroaeus)--Ruddy Turnstone.

Other North American host: Arenaria melanocephala (Vigors)--Black Turnstone.

Saemunds s onia creatopae Carriker, 1964 Saemunds s onia creatopae Carriker, 1964. Pub. Centre Estudios Entomologicos, no. 6: 14, figs. 11-13.

Type host: Puffinus creatopus Coues--Pink-footed Shearwater.

Saemunds s onia euryrhyncha (Giebel, 1874) Docophorus euryrhynchus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 112.

Type host: Stercorarius pomarinus (Temminck)-- Pomarine Jaeger.

Saemundssonia fraterculae (Overgaard, 1942) Docophorus fraterculae Owrgaard, 1942. Zool. Iceland,

3, p. 42: 10, fig. 2. Type host: Fratercula arctica (Linnaeus)--Common Puffin.

Saemundssonia gelochelidopi Touleshkov, 1959 Saemundssonia gelochelidoni Touleshkov, 1959. Compt. Acad. Bulgare Sci., 12: 558, figs. 2 and 2.

Type host: Gelochelidon niloticus (Gmelin)--Gull-billed Tern.

Saemundssonia grylle (0. Fabricius, 1780) Pediculus grylle 0. Fabricius, 1780. Fauna Groenlandica: ~2i(L Docophorus megacephalus Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.

44 and 86, pi. 5, fig. 5. Type host: Cepphus grylle (Linnaeus)--Black Guillemot.

166

Saemundssonia haema.stica Carriker, 1956 Saemundssonia haemastica Carriker, 1956. Florida

Ent. , 39: 31, figs. 26-28. Type host: Limosa haemastica (Linnaeus)--Hudsonian Godwit.

Saemundssonia haernatopi (Linnaeus, 1758) Pediculus haema-topi Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., ed. 10: 613.

Pediculus haematopodis Gmelin, 1788. Syst. Nat.: 2919 (nn^ for _P_. haernatopi Linnaeus, 1758).

Nirmus glaucus Stephens, 1829. Cat. Brit. Ins.: 332

(nn^ for _P_. haematopodis "Linnaeus"). Docophorus acanthus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 101. Docophorus haem atopi Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 101 (nn for D. acanthus Giebel, 1874).

Type host: Haematopus ostralegus Linnaeus--European Oystercatcher.


Haematopus palliatus Temminck--American Oystercatcher.

Haematopus bachmani Audubon- -Black Oystercatcher .

Saemundssonia hexagona (Giebel, 1874) Docophorus hexagonus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 116. Type host: PhaBthon rubricauda Boddaert--Red-tailed

Tropic-bird.

Saem unds s onia inexpectata Timmermann, 1951 Saemundssonia inexpectata Timmermann, 1951. Parasit.

News, (2), 1: 9, fig. 1.

Type host: Larus minutus Pallas--Little Gull (?)

Saemundssonia insolita (Kellogg, 1896) Docophorus insolitus Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 94, pi. 4, fig. 5.

Type host: Ptychoramphus aleutica (Pallas)--Cassin’s Auklet.

Saemundssonia kosswigi Timmermann, 1962. Saemundssonia kosswigi Timmermann, 1962. Zeitr.

Parasit., 21: 426, figs. 1 and 2.

Type host: Puffinus puffinus (Br(lnnich)--Manx Shearwater.

167

Saemundssonia kratoc-hvili Balat, 1950 Saemundssonia kratochvili Balat, 1950. Folia Ent., Brno, 13: 109 and 112, figs. 3 and 3a.


Saemunds s onia lari atricilla Carriker, 1956 Saemundssonia atricilla Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent., 39: 29, figs. 21-23.

Type host: Larus atricilla Linnaeus --Laughing Gull.

Saemunds s onia lari breviappendiculata (Piagat, 1880) Docophorus breviappendiculatus Piaget, 1880. .Lies Pediculines: 108, pi. 9, fig. 9.

Saemundssonia lariargentati Touleshkov, 1959. Compt. Acad. Bulgare Sci., 12: 448, figs. 4 and 5.

Type host: Larus argentatus Pontoppidan--Herring Gull, Other North American host: Larus glaucoides Meyer-- Ic eland Gull.

Saemundssonia lari filial Timmermann, 1951 Saemunds s onia lari fallal Timmermann, 1951. Parasit. News, (2), I: T.

Type host; Larus novaehollandiae Stephens. North American host: Xema sabini (Sabine)--Sabine’s Gull.

Saemundssonia lari congener (Giebel, 1874) Docophorus congener Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 111, Pediculus lari Larrangaga, 1928 (nee 0. Fabricius, 1780). In Vogelsang, Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Montevideo (2), ~Z7 W.

Type host: Larus canus Linnaeus--Mew Gull. Other North American host: Larus deiawarensis Ord-- Ring-billed Gull.

"

Saemund s s onia lari gonothorax (Giebel, 1874) Docophorus gonothorax Giebel, 1874, Insecta Epizoa: 111. Docophorus lari parvus Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines; 112. Type host: Larus marinus Linnaeus--Great Black-backed Gull.

Other North American host: Larus occidentalis Audubon-- Western Gull.

’

158

Saem unds s onia tari lari (0. Fabricius , 1780)* Pediculus lari 0. Fabricius, 1780. Fauna Groenlandica: 219.

Saemundssonia gonothorax lariphaga Timmermann, 1949. Verh. Visind. Isl. (2), 3: 8.

Saem unds s oni gonothorax lariphaga Eichler, 1950 (nee Timmermann, 1949). Verb. Visind. Isl. (3), 1: 137 figs. 10-13.

Type host: Larus hyperboreus Gunnerus--Glaucous Gull.

Saem unds sonia lari meinertzhageni Timmermann, 1951 Saemundssonia lari meinertzhageni Timmermann, 1951. Parasit. News, (2), 1: 8.

Type host: .Larus heermanni Cassin--Heermann’s Gull.

Saemundssonia lari mulleri Eichler, 1942 Docophorus lari Mttller, 1927 (nee 0. Fabricius, 1780). Ber. Westpreuss. bot.-zool. Ver., 40: 10, 39 and 40.

Saemundssonia mlilleri Eichler, 1942. Zool. Anz . ,

139: 31 (nn for D_. lari MUller. 1927). Type host: Larus ribidundus Linnaeus--Black-headed Gull.

Saem unds s onia lari pagophilae Timmermann, 1949 Saemundssonia gonothorax pagophilae Timmermann, 1949. Verh. Visind. Isl., 3: 8, figs. 2 and 3 .

Type host: Pagophila eburnea (Phipps)-- Ivory Gull.

Saemundssonia lari tridactylae Timmermann, 1949 Saemundssonia gonothorax tridactylae Timmermann, 1949. Verh. Visind. Isl.. 3; 7. fig. 1.

Type host: Rissa tridactyla (Linnaeus)--Black-legged Kittiwake.

Saemundssonia lari water stoni Timmermann, 1951 Saemundssonia lari waterstoni Timmermann, 1951, Parasit. News, (2), 1: 8.

Type host: Larus minutus Pallas--Little Gull,

*It is my opinion that the form found on all gulls is Saem und s s onia lari (0. Fabricius, 1780), and that the subspecies are not valid. The subspecies are listed here for those who care to use that classification.

159

Saemunds s onia laticaudata (Rudow, 1869) Docophorus laticaudatus Rudow, 1869. Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph.: 12~.

Type host: Thalasseus sand-acensis (Latham)-- Sandwich Tern.

Other North American host: Thalasseus maximus

(Boddaert)--Royal Tern.

Saemunds s onia limps ae (Denny, 1842) Docophorus limosae Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 44 and 86, pi. 4, fig. 2.

Docophorus meyeri Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 104. Type host: Limosa lapponica (Linnaeus)--Bar-tailed Godwit.

Saemund s s onia lobaticeps lobaticeps (Giebel, 1874) Doc ophorus lobaticeps Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 109. Docophorus laricola Nitzsch, 1874. In Giebel, Insecta Epizoa: 110.

Docophorus pustuliferus Picaglia, 1885. Atti. Soc, Ital. Sci. Nat., 28: 84.

Type host: Chlidonias niger (Linnaeus)--Black Tern.

Saemunds s onia lobaticeps remota Timmermann, 1951 Saemundssonia lobaticeps remota Timmermann, 1951. Natturufraedingnum, 3: 142.

Type host: Anous stolidus (Linnaeus)--Noddy Tern.

Saemunds s onia lockeyi Clay, 1949 Saemundssonia lockeyi Clay, 1949. Amer. Mus. Novit., no. 1409: 11, figs. 17, 24 and 25.

Type host: Sterna vittata Gmelin. North American host; Sterna paradisaea Pontoppidan-- Arctic Tern.

Saemundssonia marina Timmermann, 1956 Saemundssonia marina Timmermann, 1956. Bonn. Zool. Beitr., 7: 191, fig. 6.

Type host: Pelagodroma marina (Latham)--White-faced Petrel.

160

Saemundssonia melanocephalus (Burmeister, 1838) Docophorus melanocephalus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent. , 2: 4 26".

Type host: Sterna albifrons Pallas--Least Tern.

Saemundssonia naerguli (Denny, 1842) Docophorus merguli Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit. : 42 and 72, pi. 3, fig. 7.

Type host: Plautus alle (Linnaeus) --Do-vekie.

Saemunds sonia meridiana Timmermann, 1950 Saemundssonia meridiana Timmermann, 1950. Parasit.

News, (1), 1: 1, fig. 1. Type host: Sterna anaethetus Scopoli--Bridled Tern.

Saemundssonia minor (Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902) Docophorus validus minor Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. , 4: 460.

Saemundssonia persica Timmermann, 1962. Zeitr.

Parasit. , 21: 430. Type host: Puffinus Iherminieri Lesson--Audubon’s Shearwater.

Saemundssonia montereyi (Kellogg, 1896) Docophorus montereyi. Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 87, pi. 3, fig. 6.

Type host: Synthliboramphus antiquum (Gmelin)- -Ancient Murrelet (See Carriker, 1957, Microentomology, 22: 98).

Saemundssonia occidentalis (Kellogg, 1896) Docophorus occidentalis Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. ""Acad. Sci., 6: 89, pi. 3, fig. 7. Type host: Fulmarus glacialis (Linnaeus)--Fulmar.

Saemunds s onia olrogi Timmermann, 1961 Saemunds s onia olrogi Timmermann, 1961. Bonn. Zool. ~Beitr., 12: 65, fig. 1.

Type host: Sterna trudeaui Audubon--Trudeau’s Tern.

161

Saemunds s onia parvigenitalis Ward, 1955 Saemunds s onia parvigenitalis Ward, 1955. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 3353, 105: 87, figs. la and Ib.

Type host: Sterna forsteri Nuttall--Forster’s Tern.

Saemunds s onia peusi (Eichler, 1949) Puffinoecus peusi Eichler, 1949. Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 79: 12.

Type host: Puffinus diomedea (Scopoli)--Cory’s Shearwater.

Saemunds s onia phaetona (Osborn, 1890) Pocophorus phaetonus Osborn, 1890. In Howard, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 12: 189.

Type host: Phaethon aethereus Linnaeus--Ked-billed

Tropic-bird.

Saemundssoma platygaster ashi Timmermann, 1955 Saemundssonia scolopacisphaeopodis ashi Timmermann, 1955. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 8: 514, fig. 1.


Saemundssonia platygaster islandica Timmermann, 1951 Saemundssonia platygaster islandica Timmermann, 1951. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (12), 4: 395.

Type host: Calidris canutus (Linnaeus)--Knot.

Saemundssonia platygaster nitzschi (Giebel, 1866) Docophorus nitzschi Giebel, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 361.

Docophorus cordiceps Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 103. Docophorus frater Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 103. Docophorus glareolae Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 103. Docophorus mollis Nitzsch, 1874. In Giebel, Insecta

Epizoa: 103. Docophorus cephalosus Carriker, 1902. J. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 10: 217, pi. 20, fig. 1.

Type host: Tringa erythropus (Pallas).

162

North .American hosts:

Tringa macularia (Linnaeus)~-Spotted Sandpiper. Tringa solitaria Wilson--Solitary Sandpiper. Tringa glareola Linnaeus--Wood Sandpiper. Totanus melanoleucus (Gmelin)--Greater Yellowlegs . Totanus ftavipes (Gmelin)--Lesser Yellowlegs.

Saemundssonia platygaster platygaster (Denny, 1842) Docophorus platygaster Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.; 44 and 83, pi. 2, fig. 5.

Docophorus peristicta Kellogg and Kuwana, 1902. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., 4; 462, pi. 28, fig. 2.

Philopterus chenamycha Seguy, 1949. Mem. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, 2A: 166, figs. 3-5.

Saemundssonia optimalis Eichler, 1953. In Neithammer, Bonn. Zool. Beitr,, 4: 275, fig. 37.

Type host: Char adr jus hiaticula Linnaeus~-Ringed Plover. North American hosts:

Charadrius senaipalmatus Bonaparte--Sen’iipalniated Plover.

Charadrius melodus Ord--Piping Plover. Charadrius alexandrinus Linnaeus--Snowy Plover. Charadrius mongolus Pallas--Mongolian Plover. Charadrius wilsonia Ord--Wilson’s Plover.

Saemundssonia platygaster senaivittata (Giebel, 1874) Docophorus semivittata Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 102. Type host: Eudronaias morinellus (Linnaeus)--Dotterel.

Saemunds s onia platygaster temporalis (Giebel, 1874) Docophorus temporalis Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 102. Type host: Vanellus vanellus (Linnaeus)--Lapwing.

Saemunds sonia procax (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899) Docophorus procax Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 54, pi. 5, fig. 1.

Type host: Cepphus columba Pallas--Pigeon Guillemot.

Saemundssonia puellula Timmermann, 1965 Saemundssonia puellula Timmermann, 1965. Abh. Verh. Naturw. VeT. Hamburg, (N.F.), 8, Supplement: 82.

Type host: Puffinus pacificus (Gmelin)--Wedge-tailed Shearwater.

163

Saemunds s onia scolopacisphaeopodis scolopacisphaeopodis (Schrank, 1803)

Pediculns scolopacis-phaeopodis Schrank, 1803. Fauna Boica: 191.

Pocophorus humeralis Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 45, 88, pi. 5, fig. 7.

Docophorus rotundas Rudow, 1869. Beitr. Kenntn. Malloph.: U~

Philopterus armatus Johnston and Harrison, 1912. Trans . N. Z. Inst., 44: 3"70, figs. 7-10.

Docophorus viridicola Kellogg, 1914. Sci. Bull. Brooklyn Inst., 2: 82, pi. 16, fig. 2.

Saemundssonia humeralis americana Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent. , 39: 31, figs. 24-25.

Type host: Numenius phaeopus (Linnaeus )--Whimbrel. Other North American hosts:

Numenius americanus Bechstein--LiOng-billed Curlew. Numenius arquata (Linnaeus)--Eurasian Curlew. Numenius tahitiensis (Gmelin)--Bristle-thighed Curlew.

Numenius borealis (Forster)--Eskimo Curlew.

Saemunds s onia stammeri Timmermann, 1959 Saemundssonia stammeri Timmermann, 1959. Zool. Anz., 162: 149, fig. 2.

Type host: Daption capense (Linnaeus)--Cape Petrel.

Saemundssonia sternae (Linnaeus, 1758) Pediculus sternae Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., ed. 10: 612. Nirmus fornicatus Olfers, 1816. De Veget. . .: 89. Docophorus 5-maculatus Piaget, 1885. Les Pediculines, Supplement: 9, pi. 1, fig. 10.

Type host: Sterna hirundo Linnaeus--Common Tern, Other North American host: Sterna dougallii Montagu-- Roseate Tern.

Saemundssonia stresemanni Timmermann, 1949 Saemundssonia stresemanni Timmermann, 1949. Verh.

Visind. Isl. , (2), 3: 13, figs. 7 and 9. Type host: Catharacta skua Br(lnnich--Skua.

164

Saemunds s onia thalas sidr omae (Denny, 1842) Docophorus thalassidromae Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit. : 47 and 103, pi. 2, fig. 6.

Saemunds s onia incisa Timmermann, 1950. Fauna Islandica,’ 2: T.

Type host: Hydrobates pelagicus Linnaeus, North American host: Oceanodroma leucorhoa (Vieillot)-- Leach’s Petrel.

Saemunds s onia thompsoni Timmermann, 1951 Saemunds s onia thompsoni Timmermann, 1951. Ann. Mag, Nat. Hist., (12), 4: 396, figs. 5 and 6.

Type host: Limosa limosa (Linnaeus)--Black-tailed Godwit.

Saemunds s onia tricolor Carriker, 1956 Saemunds s onia tricolor Carriker, 1956. Florida Ent. , 39: 32, fig. 29":

Type host: Steganopus tricolor Vieillot--Wilson’s Phalarope.

Saemunds s onia tringae (0. Fabricius, 1780) Pediculus tringae 0. Fabricius, 1780. Fauna Groenlandica: 219.

Docophorus canuti Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit. : 44 and 84, pi. 3, fig. 5.

Docophorus fusiformis Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 44 and 84, pi. 1, fig. 2.

Docophorus varibilis Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl, Brit. : 42 and 71, pi. 3, fig. 4.

Docophorus alpinus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 105. Docophorus lari Grube, 1851 (nee 0. Fabricius, 1789). Middendorff’s sibir. Reise: 473.

Docophorus arcticus Mjoberg, 1910. Ark. Zool., 6: 122, fig. 69.

Saemundssonia grubei Eichler, 1942. Zool. Anz., 139: 31 (nn for D. lari Grube, 1851).

Type host: Erolia maritima (Brunnicy--Purple Sandpiper.

165

Other North American hosts: Arenaria interpres (Linnaeus)--Ruddy Turnstone. Arenaria melanoc ephala (Vigors)--Black Turnstone. Calidris canutus (Linnaeus)--Knot, Erolia ptilocnemis (Coues)--Bock Sandpiper. Erolia acuminata (Horsfield)--Sharp-tailed Sandpiper.

Erolia melanotos (Vieillot)--Pectoral Sandpiper. Erolia fusciollis (Vieillot) --White-rumped Sandpiper. Erolia bairdii (Coues)--Baird’s Sandpiper. Erolia minutilla (Vieillot)--Least Sandpiper. Erolia alpina (Linnaeus)--Dunlin. Limnodromus gri.seus (Gmelin)--Short-billed Dowitcber.

Limnodromus scolopaceus (Say)--Long-billed Dowitcher.

Ereunetes pusillus (Linnaeus) --Semipalmated Sandpiper.

Ereunetes mauri Cabals�Western Sandpiper. Crocethis alba (Pallas)--Sanderling.

Saemundssonia uppalensis (Rudow, 1870) Docophorus uppalensis Rudow, 1870. Z. ges. NatWiss., 35: 455.

Pocophorus breviantennatus Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 108, pi. 9, fig. 9.

Philopterus phaetophonus Seguy, 1949. Mem. Inst, Sci., Madagascar, 3A: 168, figs. 6-8.

Type host: Phaethon lepturus Paudin--White-tailed Tropic-bird.

Saemunds s onia valida (Kellogg and Chapman, 1899) Docophorus validus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 56. pi. 5, fig. 2.

Type host; Puffinus opisthomelas Coues--Black-vented Shearwater.

Saemundssonia wumisuzume (Uchida, 1948) Philopterus wumisuzume Uchida, 1948. Jap. Med. J. ,

1: 535, fig.T Type host: Aethia cristatella (Pallas)--Crested Auklet.

166

Genus STRIGIPHILUS

Strigiphilus MjBberg, 1910. Ark. Zool., 6: 132. Type species: Docophorus heterocerus Nitzsch, 1861 (nee Grube, 1.851) (A synonym of Strigiphilus goniodicerus Eichler, 1949).

Eustrigiphilus Ewing, 1926. Proc. Ert. Soc. Wash., 28: 148 Type species: Phllopterus ceblebrachys (Penny, 1842).

Tytoniella Eichler, 1949. Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital. , 79: 13. Type species: Docophorus rostratus Burmeister, 1838.

No comprehensive revision of the genus is available. For a limited study and a key to the species, see Clay, 1966 (Pacific Insects, 8: 835).


Otus trichopsis (Wagler)--Whiskered Owl. Otus flammeolus (Kaup)--Flammulated Owl. Glaucidium gnoma Wagler--Pygmy Owl. Micrathene whitneyi (Cooper)--Elf Owl. Strix occidentalis (Xantus) - -Spotted Owl. Aegolius acadicus (Gmelin) - -Saw -whet Owl.

Strigiphilus acutifrons Emerson, 1961 Strigiphilus acutifrons Emerson, 1961. Proc. Biol. Soc. "Wash., 74: 189, figs. 2 and 10. Strigiphilus elutus Carriker, 1966. Amer. Midland Nat., 76: 87, figs. 18 and 19.

Type host: Bubo virginianus (Gmelin)--Great Horned Owl.

Strigiphilus aitkeni Clay, 1966 Strigiphilus aitkeni Clay, 1966. J. Ent. Soc. Queensland,

5: 12, pi. II, figs. 5, 7, 9, and 11. Type host: Tyto alba (Scopoli) --Barn Owl.

167

Strigiphilus barbatus (Osborn, 1902) Pocophorus barbatus Osborn, 1902. Ohio Nat. , 2: 201, pi. 14, fig. 1.

Neodoc ophorus asionis Eichler, 1949. Beitr. Tax. Zool. , 1: 12, pi. 1, figs. 1-12.

Type host: Asio otus (Linnaeus)--Long-eared Owl (See Emerson, 1955, J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 28: 144.

Strigiphilus ceblebrachys (Denny, 1842) Pediculus strigis 0. Fabricius, 1780 (nee Pontoppidan, 1763). Fauna Groenlandica: 216.

Doc ophorus ceblebrachys Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 45 and 92, pi. 1, fig. 3.

Type host: Nyctea scandiaca (Linnaeus) --Snowy Owl.

Strigiphilus crenulatus (Giebel, 1874) Doc ophorus crenulatus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 78. Type host: Surnia ulula (Linnaeus)--Hawk-Owl.

Strigiphilus cursor (Burmeister, 1838) Docophorus cursor Burmeister, 1838, Handb. Ent. , 2: 426.

Nirmus brachyoti Denny, 1852. List. Brit. Animals in

Brit. Mus., pt. II, Anoplura: 13 (nn for D. cursor Burmeister, 1838).

Nirmus stridulae Denny, 1852. List Brit. Animals in Brit, Mus., pt. II, Anoplura: 13 (nn for D. cursor Burmeister, 1838).

Docophorus nudipes Piaget, 1880, Les Pediculines: 26, pi. 1, fig. 6.

Type host: Asio flammeus (Pontoppidan)--Short-eared Owl.

Strigiphilus microgenitalis Carriker, 1966 Strigiphilus microgenitalis Carriker, 1966. Amer. Midland Nat., 76: 92, figs. 29 and 30.

Type host: Glaucidium brasilianum (Gmelin) --Ferruginous Owl.

168

Strigiphilus oculatus (Rudow, 1870) Nirrnus oculatus Rudow, 1870. Z. ges. NatWiss. , 35: 465.

Docophorus bubonis Osborn, 1896. Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5: 219.

Strigiphilus chilensis Carriker, 1966. Amer. Midland Nat., 76: 95, fig. 34.

Type host: Bubo virginianus (Gmelin)- -Great Horned Owl.

Strigiphilus otus Emerson, 1955 Strigiphilus otus Emerson, 1955. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 57: 241, figs. 1-2.

Type host: Otus aslo (Linnaeus)--Screech Owl.

Strigiphilus pallidus (Giebel, 1874) Docophorus pallidus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 78. Docophorus clypeatus MjBberg, 1910. Ark. Zool. , 6: 113, fig. 64.

Type host: Aegolius funereus (Linnaeus)- -Boreal Owl.

Strigiphilus speotyti (Osborn, 1896) Docophorus speotyti Osborn, 1896. Bull. U, S. Bur. Ent. (n. s.), 5: 222, fig. 144.

Eustrigiphilus speotyti Eichler, 1954 (nee Osborn, 1896). "Fauna Peru, 4: 38, fig. 15. (?) Strigiphilus speotyti altiplanus Carriker, 1966. Amer. Midland Nat., 76: 96, figs. 38 and 39 (nn for E. speotyti Eichler, 1954 nee D. speotyti Osborn, 1896). (?)

Strigiphilus speotyti desertae Carriker, 1966. Amer. "Midland Nat., 76: 97, figs. 40 and 41. Strigiphilus speotyti magdalenae Carriker, 1966. Amer,

"Midland Nat. , 76: 98, figs. 42 and 43. Type host: Speotyto cunicularia (Molina)--Burrowing Owl.

Strigiphilus syrnii (Packard, 1873) Docophorus syrnii Packard, 1873. Rep. U. S. Geol. Survey, 1872: 733, fig. 62.

Oncophorus remotus Kellogg and Chapman, 1899. Occ. Pap. "Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 107, pi. 7, fig. 7. Type host: Strix nebulosa J. R. Forster--Great Gray Owl.

169

Strigiphilus varius Carriker, 1958 Strigiphilus varius Carriker, 1958. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 60: 169, figs. 3-4.

Type host: Strix varia Barton--Barred Owl.

170

Genus STURNIDOECUS

Sturnidoecus Eichler, 1944. Stettin. Ent. Ztg., 105: 81.

Type species: Docophorus leontodon Nitzsch, 1818 (A synonym of Pediculus sturni Schrank, 1776).

Rostrinirmus Ziotorzycka, 1964. Acta Parasit. Polon., 12: 276. Type species: Rostrinirmus refractariatus Ziotorzycka, 1964.

No revision or study of this genus is available.

Distribution of this genus is not well known. However, from the host genera known to date, species may be expected from the following North American hosts:

Motacilla flava Linnaeus--Yellow Wagtail. Acridotheres cristatellus (Linnaeus)-- Crested Myna.

Oenanthe oenanthe (Linnaeus)- -Wheatear .

Sturnidoecus acuminatus (Piaget, 1888) Docophorus acuminatus Piaget, 1888. Tijdschr. Ent., 31: 147, pi. 3, fig. 1.

Type host: unknown, and distribution is also unknown.

Sturnidoecus aeneas (Piaget, 1885) Docophorus aeneas Piaget, 1885. Les Pediculines, Supplement: 5, pi. 1, fig. 7.

Type host: Motacilla alba Linnaeus�White Wagtail.

Sturnidoecus continuus (Piaget, 1880) Docophorus continuus Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: ~88, pi. 6, fig. 9. Type host: unknown, and distribution is also unknown.

Sturnidoecus femoratus (Piaget, 1880) Docophorus femoratus Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 68.

Type host: unknown, and distribution is also unknown.

171

Sturnidoecus ruficeps (Nitzsch, 1866) Nirmus ruficeps Nitzsch, 1866. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 28: 367.

�

Philopterus suzume Uchida, 1949. Jap. Med. J., 1: 548, fig. 16.

Type host: Passer montanus (Linnaeus)--European Tree Sparrow.

Sturnidoecus simplex (Kellogg, 1896) Nirmus simplex Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 492, pi. 67, fig. 2.

Philopterus migratorii Peters, 1935. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 37: 146, figs. 1-2.

Type host: Turdus migratorius Linnaeus--Robin.

Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) Pediculus sturni Schrank, 1776. Beytr. Naturgesch.: 118, pi. 5, figs. 11-14.

Philopterus leotondon Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: 290 (nnfor_P_. sturni Schrank, 1776).

Docophorus ostralegi Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 42 and 74, pi. 5, fig. 4.

Type host: Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus--Starling.

172

Genus TRABECULUS

Trabeculus Rudow, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss’., 27: 466. Type species: Trabeculus schilling! Rudow, 1866.

Oncophorus Rudow, 1870. Z. ges. NatWiss., 35: 475. Type species: Trabeculus schillingi Rudow, 1866.

Giebelia Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 137. Type species: Giebelia mirabilis Kellogg, 1896.

Mackayia Waterston, 1912. Scot. Nat., 1912: 251. Type species: Mackayia dimorpha Waterston, 1912 (A synonym of Docophorus aviator Evans, 1912).

Cecalymenus Enderlein, 1917. Zool. Anz. , 49: 243. Type species: Cecalymenus oestrelatae Enderlein, 1917 (A synonym of Trabeculus schillingi Rudow, 1866).

For a recent revision of this genus, see Timmermann, 1959 (Zeitr. Parasit. , 19: 485).


Puffinus diomedea (Scopoli)--Cory’s Shearwater. Puffinus carneipes Gould--Pale-footed Shearwater, Puffinus bulleri Salvin--New Zealand Shearwater. Puffinus auricularis Townsend--Townsend’s Shearwater. Puffinus assimilis Could�Little Shearwater. Pterodroma hasitata (Kuhl)--Black-capped Petrel. Pterodroma cahow (Nichols and Mowbray)--Bermuda Petrel.

Pterodroma cookii (Gray)--Cook’s Petrel.

Trabeculus aviator (Evans, 1912) Docophorus aviator Evans, 1912. Proc. R. Phys. Soc. Edinb. , 12: 270, fig. 4.

Mackayia dimorpha Waterston, 1912. Scot. Nat.: 252, figs. 1-4.

Type host: Puffinus puffinus (Brunnich)--Manx Shearwater.

173

Trabeculus fuscoclypeatus (Johnston and Harrison, 1912) Philopterus fuscoclypeatus Johnston and Harrison, 1912. Trans. N. Z. Inst. , 44: 368, fig. 4.

Type host: Pterodroma arminj oniana (Giglioli and Salvador!)- -South Trinidad Petrel.

Trabeculus hexakon (Waterston, 1914) Giebelia hexakon Waterston, 1914. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. , 10: 291, pi. 25, figs. 7, 11 and pi. 26, fig. 4.

Type host: Procellaria aequinoctialis Linnaeus. North American hosts:

Adamastor cinereus (Gmelin)- -Black-tailed Shearwater.

Puffinus creatopus Coues--Pink-footed Shearwater. Puffinus gravis (O’Reilly)--Greater Shearwater. Puffinus pacificus (Gmelin)- -Wedge -tailed Shearwater.

Puffinus griseus (Gmelin) - -Sooty Shearwater, Puffinus tenuirostris (Temmick)--Slender-billed Shearwater.

Trabeculus mirabilis (Kellogg, 1896) Giebelia mirabilis Kellogg, 1896. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 138, pi. 11, figs. 7-8.

Type host: Puffinus opisthomelas (Coues)--Black-vented Shearwater,

Other North American host: Puffinus Iherminieri

Lesson--Audubon’s Shearwater.

Trabeculu-s schillingi Rudow, 1866 Trabeculus schillingi Rudow, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss., 27: 467.

Cecalymenus oestrelatae Enderlein, 1917. Zool. Anz. , 49: 243, fig. 2-4.

Type host: Pterodroma mollis (Gould). North American host: Pterodroma inexpectata (Forster)- Scaled Petrel.

174

Genus TROGONINIRMUS

Trogoninirmus Eichler, 1944. Stettin. Ent. Ztg. , 105: 82.

Type species: Nirmus hastiformis Carriker, 1903.

Trogoniella Tendeiro, 1959. Etudes sur les Mallophages Africains: 133.

Type species: Trogoniella apaloderma Tendeiro, 1959.

The only species of this genus likely to be collected in North America is listed.

Trogoninirmus eleganus Emerson, 1952 Trogoninirmus eleganus Emerson, 1952. J. Kansas Ent. Soc. , 25: 118.

Type host: Trogon elegans Gould--Coppery-tailed Trogon.

175

Genus VERNONIELLA

Vernonia Guimaraes, 1936 (n^ White, 1878). Rev. Mus. S. Paulo, 20: 221.

Type species: Lipeurus macgregori Kellogg, 1896.

Vernoniella Guimaraes, 1942. Pap. Avulsos Dept. Zool. S. Paulo, 2: 133 (nn for Vernonia Guimaraes, 1936).

Pitopos Carriker, 1956. Rev. Brasil. Ent. , 5: 127.

Type species: Ditopos biprosapiae Carriker, 1956.

No revision or study of the genus is available. The

only probable North American hosts are listed.

Vernoniella guimaraesi Thompson, 1948 Vernoniella guimaraesi Thompson, 1948. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (12), 1: 49, figs. 1-6.

Type host: Crotophaga ani Linnaeus--Smooth-billed Ani.

Vernoniella macgregori (Kellogg, 1899) Lipeurus macgregori Kellogg, 1899. Occ. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6: 33, pi. 3, figs. 5-6.

Lipeurus crotophagae McGregor, 1917. Psyche, 24: 106 pi. 5, fig. 4.

Type host; Crotophaga sutcirostris Swainson--Groove- billed Ani.

176

Family TRICHODECTIDAE

Genus BOVICOLA

Bovicola Ewing, 1929. Manual External Parasites: 121, 123 and 193.

Type species: Trichodectes caprae Gurtt, 1843.

Bovidoecus Bedford, 1929. Rept. Vet. Res. S. Africa, 15: 518.

Type species: Pediculus bovis Linnaeus, 1758.

Lepikenton Keler, 1938. Nova Acta. Leop. -Carol, (n.f.), 5: 452.

Type species: Trichodectes breviceps Rudow, 1866.

Rhabodopedilon Keler, 1938. Nova Acta. Leop. -Carol. (n.f.), 5: 453.

Type species: Trichodectes longicornis Nitzsch, 1818.

Holakartikos Keler, 1938. Nova Acta. Leop. -Carol, (n.f.), 5: 461.

Type species: "Trichodectes pilosus Piaget (nee Giebel)" An error for Trichodectes crassipes Rudow, 1866.

Werneckiella Eichler, 1940. Zool. Anz., 129: 160. Type species: Trichodectes equi Penny, 1842.


Ovibos moschatus (Zimmermann)--Musk Ox. Ovis dalli Nelson--White Sheep. Rangifer arcticus (Richardson)--Barren Ground Caribou.

Rangifer pearyi J. A. Allen--Peary’s Caribou. Rangifer caribou (Gmelin)- -Woodland Caribou. Cervus merriarni Nelson--Arizona Wapiti. Cervus nannodes Merriam~-California Wapiti.

177

Antilocapra americana (Ord)--Pronghorn. Alces alces (Linnaeus)--Moose.

Bovicola bovis (Linnaeus, 1758) Pediculus bovis Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., ed.

10: 611. Pediculus tauri Linnaeus, 1761. Fauna Suecica, ed. 2: 476 (nn for P. bovis Linnaeus, 1758).

Trichodectes scalaris Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: 296 (nn for P_. bovis Linnaeus 1758).

Type host: Ox.

Bovicola caprae (Gurit, 1843) Trichodectes caprae Gurit, 1843. Mag. ges. Thierheilk, 9: 3, pi. 1, fig. 2.

Trichodectes climax Nitzsch, 1861. In Giebel, Z. ges. NatWiss., 17: 81, pi. 1, figs. 1-2.

Trichodectes climacium Giebel, 1861. Z. ges. NatWiss., 18: 292 (nn^for T_. climax Nitzsch, 1861).

Trichodectes solidus Rudow, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss., 27: 112, pi. 7, fig. 2.

Trichodectes mambricus Rudow, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss., 27: 111, pi. 6, fig. 2.

Trichodectes caprae Packard, 1870 (nee Gurit, 1843). Amer. Nat., 4: 96, fig. 8.

Trichodectes climax truncatus Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 393.

Trichodectes peregrinus Taschenberg, 1882. Nova Acta. Leop. -Carol., 44: 218, pi. 7, fig. 10.

Type host: Goat.

Bovicola concavifrons (Hopkins, I960) /

Damalinia concavifrons Hopkins, I960. Bull. Brit. Mus. (N. H.), Ent., 10: 87, t.f. 7-8.

Type host: Cervus canadensis (Erxleben)--Wapiti.

Bovicola crassipes (Rudow, 1866) Trichodectes crassipes Rudow, 1866. Z. ges. NatWiss.

17: 111, pi. 7, fig. 1. Trichodectes penicillatus Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 406, pi. 32, fig. 10.

Trichodectes hermsi Kellogg and Nakayama, 1915. Psyche, 22: 34, fig. 1.

178

Bovicola ibicis Gaschen, 1951. Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges., Z4: 191, figs. 1-11.

Type host: Goat.

Bovicola equi (Denny, 1842) Trichodectes equi Penny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.: 61 and 191, pi. 17, fig. 7.

Trichodectes pilosus Giebel, 1874. Insecta Epizoa: 59. Trichodectes par um pilosus Piaget, 1880. Les

Pediculines: 397, pi. 32, fig. 5.

Trichodectes parumpilosus tarsatus Piaget, 1880. Les Pediculines: 399.

Trichodectes vestitus Railliet, 1895. Tr. Zool. Med. Agri.: 835.

Trichodectes pubescens Mac queen, 1905. Parasites

Parasitic Diseases Domestic Animals, ed. 2: 61. Type host: Horse. Other North American host: Donkey.

Bovicola jellisoni Emerson, 1962 Bovicola jellisoni Emerson, 1962. J. Kansas Ent. Soc., 35: 369, figs. 1, 2 and 4.

Type host: Ovis canadensis Shaw--Mountain Sheep.

Bovicola Umbatus (Gervais, 1844) Trichodectes limbatus Gervais, 1844. Hist. Ins. """Apteres, 3: 313, pi. 48, fig. 4. Trichodectes climax major Piaget, 1885. Les Pediculines, Supplement: 86, pi. 9, fig. 5.

Trichodectes madagascariensis Mjoberg, 1910. Ark. Zool., 6: 64, figs. 38-39.

Trichodectes painei Kellogg and Nakayama, 1914. Psyche, 21: 90, fig. 1.

Bovicola sachtlebeni Keler, 1937. Arb. Morph. Tax. Ent. Berlin-Dahlem, 4: 314, figs. 1-2.

Bovicola wernecki Keler, 1937. Arb. Morph. Tax. Ent. Berlin-Dahlem, 4: 317 (nn for "Trichodectes limbatus Werneck"),

Type host: Goat.

179

Bovicola longicornis (Nitzsch, 1818) Trichodectes longicornis Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: 296.

Trichodectes similis Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.; 61 and 195, pi. 17, fig. 6.

Bovicola americanum Jellison, 1935. J. Parasit.

21: 410, fig. Type host; Cervus elephus Linnaeus. North American host: Cervus canadensis (Erxleben)-- Wapiti.

Bovicola oreamnidis (Hopkins, 1960) Damalinia oreamnidis Hopkins, I960. Bull. Brit.

Mus. (N. H.), Ent., 10: 86, t.f. 5, pi. 1, fig. 6. Type host: Oreamnos americanus (Blainville)-- Mountain Goat.

Bovicola ovis (Schrank, 1781) Pediculus ovis Schrank, 1781. Enum. Ins. Austr. Indig.: 502, pi. 1, figs. 8-9.

Pediculus ovisarietis Schrank, 1803. Fauna Boica: 187 (nn for P. ovis Schrank, 1781).

Trichodectes sphaerocephalus Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3:.296 (nn for P. ovis Schrank, 1781).

Type host: Sheep.

Bovicola sedecimdecembrii Eichler, 1946 Bovicola sedecimdecembrii Eichler, 1946. Berlin

Mllnch. Tierartzl Wschr., 1946: 44, fig. Type host: Bison bonasus (Linnaeus). North American host: Bison bison (Linnaeus)--Bison.

Bovicola tarandi (Mjoberg, 1910) Trichodectes tarandi Mjoberg, 1910. Ark. Zool., 6: 66, pi. 1, fig. 5.

Type host: Rangifer tarandus (Linnaeus (--Reindeer.

180

Genus EUTRICHOPHILUS

Eutrichophilus MjOberg, 1910. Ark. Zool., 6: 71. Type species: Eutrichophilus cerolabes MjDberg, 1910 (By subsequent designation by Harrison, 1916, Parasitology, 8: 21).

The only species likely to be collected in North America is well known.

Eutrichophilus setosus (Giebel, 1861) Trichodectes setosus Giebel, 1861. Z. ges. NatWiss. , 18: 86.

Type host: Erethizon dorsatum (Linnaeus)-- Porcupine.

181

Genus FELICOLA

Felicola Ewing, 1929. Manual External Parasites: 121, 122, and 192.

Type species: Trichodectes subrostratus Burmeister, .1838.

Felicinia Bedford, 1929. Kept. Vet. Res. S. Africa, 15: 519. Type species; Trichodectes subrostratus Burmeister, 1838.

Protelicola Bedford, 1932. Parasitology, 24: 354. Type species: Paradoxuroecus juccii Conci,. 1942.

Probable North American hosts for which no data are available are;

Felis one a Linnaeus--Jaguar. Felis wiedii Schinz--Margay.

Felicola felis (Werneck, 1934) Trichodectes felis Werneck, 1934. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 28: 282, figs. 11-14.

Type host; Felis pardalis Linnaeus--Ocelot. Other North American hosts:

Felis concolor Kerr�Puma. Felis yagouaroundi Fisher--Jaguarundi. Lynx rufus (Screber)--Bobcat.

(An adequate series from these hosts has not been examined. It is possible they are not conspecific).

Felicola spenceri Hopkins, I960 Felicola spenceri Hopkins, I960. Bull. Brit. Mus. (N. H.), Ent., 10: 80, t.f. 2; pi. 1, fig. 1.

Type species: Lynx canadensis Kerr--Lynx.

182

Felicola subrostratus (Burmeister, 1838) Trichodectes sabrostratus Burmeister, 1838. Handb. Ent.’, 2: 438.

Felicola rostratus Bedford, 1932. Parasitology, 24: 360, figs. 6A, 6Ba, and 6E.

Type host: Domestic Cat. Other North American host: Lynx rufus (Screber)- Bobcat. (Based on one record which needs confirmation).

183

Genus GEOMYDOECUS

Geomvdoecus Ewing. 1929. Manual External Parasites: 121 and 193.

Type species: Trichodectes geomvdis Osborn, 1891.

At least one species, or subspecies of this genus is found on each species of pocket gopher. Some species, or

subspecies, are probably host subspecific; and as evidenced by the parasite records, the present host classification needs refinement.

For a recent review of the genus, see Price and Emerson, 1971 (J. Med. Ent. , 8:228).

Geomvdoecus californicus (Chapman, 1897) Trichodectes californicus Chapman, 1897. Ent. News. 8: 186, pi. 9, fig. 1.

Type host: Thomomvs bottae bottae (Eydoux and Gervais). Other North American hosts: Thomomvs bottae analogus Goldman. Thomomvs bottae anitae J. A. Alien. Thomomys bottae aureus J. A. Alien. Thomomys bottae chrvsonotus Grinnell. Thomomys bottae pervagus Merriam.

Thomomvs bottae robustus Durrant. Thomomvs bottae simulus Nelson and Goldman. Thomomvs bofctae sinaloae Merriam.

Geomydoecus dakotensjs Price and Emerson, 1971 Geomydoecus dakotensis Price and Emerson, 1971.

j. Med. Ent., 8:243, figs. 74, 117, and 118. Type host: Thomomys talpoides rufescens Wied-Neuwied.

Other North American host: Thomomvs fcalpoides confinis Da vis.

184

Geomydoecus duchesnensis Price and Emerson, 1971 Geomydoecus duchesnensis Price and Emerson, 1971. J. Med. Ent. , 8:243, figs. 112 and 113.

Type host: Thomomys talpoides uinta Merriam.

Geomydoecus ewingi Price and Emerson, 1971 Geomydoecus ewingi Price and Emerson, 1971. J. Med. Ent. , 8:238.

Type host: Geomys bursarius major Davis. Other North American hosts:

Geomys bursarius breviceps Baird. Geomys bursarius dutcheri Davis. Geomys bursarius pratincola Davis.

Geomydoecus expansus (Duges, 1902) Trichodectes expansus Duges, 1902. Mem. Rev. Soc. Cient. Antonio Alzate 18:185, figs.

Type host: Pappogeomys castanops castanops (Baird). Other North American host:

Pappogeomys castanops lacrimalis (Nelson and Goldman).

Geomydoecus geomydis geomydis (Osborn, 1891) Trichodectes geomydis Osborn, 1891. Bull. U.S. Bur. Ent. , 7:54, fig. 42.

Type host: Geomys bursarius bursarius (Shaw). Other North American hosts:

Geomys bursarius lutes cens Merriam. Geomys bursarius maiusculus Swenk,

Geomydoecus geomydis subgeomydis Price and Emerson, 1971 Geomydoecus geomydis subgeomydis Price and Emerson, 1971. J. Med. Ent., 8:236.

Type host: Geomys bursarius brazensis Davis.

Geomydoecus illinoensis Price and Emerson, 1971 Geomydoecus illinoensis Price and Emerson, 1971. J. Med. Ent., 8:238, fig. 82.

Type host: Geomys bursarius illinoensis Komarek and Spencer.

185

Geomydoecus minor Werneck, 1950 Geomydoecus chapini niinor Werneck, 1950. Malofagos de Mamiferos, Parte 2:16, figs. 14-16.

Type host: Thomomys baileyi tularosae Hall. Other North American host:

Thomomys bottae pervagus Merriam.

Geomydoecus oklahomensis Price and Emerson, 1971 Geomydoecus oklahomensis Price and Emerson, 1971. J. Med. Ent. , 8:242.

Type host: Geomys bursarius dutcheri Davis. Other North American hosts:

Geomys bursarius attwateri Merriam. Geomys bursarius brazensis Davis. Geomys bursarius industris Villa and Hall. Geomys bursarius major Davis.

Geomydoecus oregonus idahoensis Price and Emerson, 1971 Geomydoecus oregonus idahoensis Price and Emerson, 1971. J. Med. Ent. , 8:245.

Type host: Thomomys towns endii towns endii (Bachman). Other North American hosts:

Thomomys townsendii elkoensis Davis. Thomomys townsendii nevadensis Merriam.

Geomydoecus oregonus oregonus Price and Emerson, 1971 Geomydoecus oregonus oregonus Price and Emerson, 1971. J. Med. Ent., 8:243, figs. 10, 11, 36, 42, 52, and 133.

Type host: Thomomys bulbivorus (Richardson)

Geomydoecus quadridentatus Price and Emerson, 1971 Geomydoecus quadridentatus Price and Emerson, 1971. J. Med. Ent., 8:240, figs. 94, 106, and 146.

Type host: Geomys arenarius arenarius Merriam. Other North American host:

Geomys arenarius brevirostris Hall.

Geomydoecus scleritus (McGregor, 1917) Trichodectes scleritus McGregor, 1917. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 10:172, pi. 17, fig. 5.

Type host: Geomys pinetis floridanus (Audubon and Bachman)

186

Other North American hosts: Geomys pinetis autrinus Bangs. Geomys pinetis goffi Sherman. Geomys pinetis mobilensis Merriam. Geomys pinetis pinetis Rafinesque. Geomys cot-onus Bangs. Geomys cumberlandicus Bangs. Geomys fontanelus Sherman.

Geomydoecus subcalifornicus Price and Emerson, 1971 Geomydoecus subcalifornicus Price and Emerson, 1971. J. Med. Ent. , 8:240.

Type host: Thomomys bottae bottae (Eydoux and Gervais).

Geomydoecus texanus Ewing, 1936 Geomydoecus texanus Ewing, 1936. Jour. Parasit. , 22;241.

Type host: Geomys per sonatas fallax Merriam. Other North American hosts:

Geomys personatus megapotamus Da vis. Geomys personafcus personatus True.

Geomydoecus thomomyus (McGregor, 1917) Trichodectes thomomyus McGregor, 1917. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 10:169, pi. 17, figs. 2-4.

Type host: Thomomys talpoides fossor J. A. Alien. Other North American hosts:

Thomomys talpoides agrestris Merriam. Thomomys talpoides bullatus V. Bailey. Thomomys talpoides clusius Coues. Thomomys talpoides devexus Hall and Dal quest. Thomomys talpoides douglasii (Richardson). Thomomys talpoides fuscus Merriam. Thomomys talpoid.es macrotis F. W. Miller. Thomomys talpoid.es ocius Merriam. Thomomys talpoid.es pygmaeus Merriam. Thomomys talpoides quadratus Merriam.

Thomomys talpoides ravus Durrant. Thomomys talpoides talpoides (Richardson). Thomomys talpoides wasatchensis Durrant. Thomomys mazama glacialis Palquest and Schaffer. Thomomys mazama tumuli Dalquest and Schaffer. Thomomys monticola hesperus Merriam.

187

Geomvdoecus truncatus Werneck, 1950 Geomvdoecus truncatus Werneck, 1950. Malofagos de Mamiferos, Parte 2:13, figs. 12-13.

Type host: Geomvs personatus streckeri Davis.

GeonTiydoecus wardi Price and Emerson, 1971 Geomvdoecus wardi Price and Emerson. 1971. J. Med. Ent., 8:248, figs. 9, 85, and 124.

Type host: Thomomvs talpoides macrotis F. W. Miller. Other North American hosts:

Thomomvs talpoides bullatus V. Bailey. Thomomys talpoides clusius Coues. Thomomvs talpoides fossor J. A. Alien. Thomomvs talpoides nebulosus V. Bailey. Thomomvs talpoides ocius Merriam.

188

Genus LUTRIDIA

Lutridia Keler, 1938. Nova Acta. Leop. -Carol, (n.f.), 5: 433.

Type species: Trichodectes exilis Nitzsch, 1861.


available are:

Lutra canadensis (Schreber)--River Otter. Lutra mira Goldman- -Prince of Wales Island Otter.

Lutridia exilis (Nitzsch, 1861) Trichodectes exilis Nitzsch, 1861. Z. ges. NatWiss., 18: 87.

Type host: Enhydra lutris (Linnaeus)--Sea Otter.

189

Genus NEOTRICHODECTES

Neotrichodectes Ewing, 1929. Manual External

Parasites: 194. Type species: Trichodectes mephitidis (Packard, 1873).

All probable species of this genus from North America are known except that the form found on Mustela nigripes (Audubon and Bachman)--Black-footed Ferret may be new.

Neotrichodectes arizonae "Werneck, 1948 Neotrichodectes arizonae Werneck, 1948, Malofagos de Mamiferos, Parte 1: 135, figs. 187-189.

Neotrichodectes spatulatus Cook, 1953. Ent. News, 64: 61, figs. 1-3.

Type host: Conepatus mesoleucus (Lichtenstein)-- Arizona Hog-nosed Skunk.

Other North American host: Conepatus leuconotus (Lichtenstein)--Texas Hog-nosed Skunk,

Neotrichodectes interruptofasciatus (Kellogg and Ferris, 1915) Trichodectes interrupto-fasciatus Kellogg and Ferris, 1915. Anoplura and Mallophaga of North American Mammals: 61, pi. 7, figs. 1-3.

Type host: Taxidea taxus (Schreber)--Badger.

Neotrichodectes mephitidis (Packard, 1872) Goriiodes mephitidis Packard, 1872. Rept. U. S. Geol. Surv. 6: 732, fig. 60.

Trichodectes castoris Osborn, 1896. Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5: 241, fig. 149.

Trichodectes monticolus McGregor, 1917. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 10; 171, pi. 16, figs. 1, 2 and 4.

Type host: Mephitis mephitis (Schreber)--Striped Skunk.

Other North American host: Mephitis rnacroura Lichtenstein--Hooded Skunk.

190

Neotrichodectes minutus (Paine, 1912) Trichodec.tes minutus Paine, 1912. Ent. News, 23: 439, pi. 20, fig. 4.

Type host: Mustela frenata :Lichtenstein--Long-tailed Weasel.

Other North American host; Musteta nigripes (Audubon and Bachrnan)--Black-footiid Ferret (Based on one record which needs confirmation).

Neotrichodectes osbomi Keler, 1944 Trichodectes mephitidis Osborn, 1896. (nee Packard, 1872). Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5:~242, fig. 150.

Neotrichodectes osborni Keler, 1944. Stettin, Ent. Ztg., 105: 182 (nn for T_. inephitidis Osborn, 1896).

Type host: Spilogale interrupta (Rafinesque)-- Prairie Spotted Skunk.

Other North American hosts;:

Spilogale ambarvalis Bangs�Florida Spotted Skunk.

Spilogale putorius (Linnaeus)--AUeghenian Spotted Skunk.

Spilogale indianola Merriam--Gulf Spotted Skunk.

Spilogale gracilis Merriam--Western Spotted Skunk.

Neotrichodectes pallidus (Piaget, 1880) Trichodectes paltidus Piaget, 1880. Lies Pediculines;

405, pi. 32, fig. 9. Trichodectes nasuatis Osborn, 1902. Ohio Nat.,

2: 178, pi. II, fig. 3. Type host: Nasua narica (Linnaeus)--Coati.

Neotrichodectes thoracicus (Osborn, 1902) Trichodectes thoracicus Osborn, 1902. Ohio Nat.,

2: 178, pi. II, fig. 4. Type host: Bassariscus astutus (Lichtenstein)-- Cacomistle.

191

Genus STACHIELLA

Stachiella Keler, 1938. Nova Acta. Leop. -Carol. (n.f.), 5: 4Z8.

Type species: Trichodectes pusillus Nitzsch, 1861 (A synonym of Pediculus mustelae Schrank, 1803).


available are:

Gulp luscus (.Linnaeus)--Common Wolverine. Gulp hylaeus Elliot--Mount McKinley Wolverine.

Gulp katschemakensis Matschie--Kenai Wolverine.

Martes americana (Turton)--American Marten.

Martes atrata (Bangs)--Newfoundland Marten. Martes pennanti (Erxleben)--Fisher.

Stachiella ermineae Hopkins, 1941 Stachiella ermineae Hopkins, 1941. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (11), 7: 38.

Type host: Mustela erminea (.Linnaeus)--Ermine.

Stachiella kingi (MeGregor, 1917) Trichodectes kingi MeGregor, 1917. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 10: 167, pi. 17, figs. 1 and la.

Type host; Weasel from Florence, Montana; presumed to be Mustela rixosa (Bangs)--Least Weasel (See Hopkins, I960, Bull. Brit. Mus. (N. H.), Ent., 10: 79).

Stachiella larseni Emerson, 1962 Stachiella larseni Emerson, 1962. Ent. News, 73: 203, figs. 1-3.

Type host: Mustela vison Schreber--Mink.

192

Stachiella retusa martis Werneck, 1948 Stachiella retusa martis Werneck, 1948. Malofagos de Mamiferos, Parte 1: 156, figs. 231-232.

Type host: Martes caurina (Merriam)--Pacific Marten (See Emerson, 1968, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 70: 191).

193

Genus SURICATOECUS

Suricatoecus Bedford, 1932. Parasitology, 24: 354. Type species: Trichodectes cooleyi Bedford, 1929.

Bedfordia Keler, 1938 (nee Fahrenholz, 1935). Nova Acta Leop. -Carol., (n.f.), 5: 463.

Type species: Felicota helogale Bedford, 1932.

Fastigatosculum Keler, 1939. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol., (n.f.), 8: 11 (nn for Bedfordia Keler, 1938).

Eichlerella Conci. 1942. Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 74: 140. Type species: Trichodectes vulpis Penny, 1842.

Very little is known about the distribution of this genus in North America. Probable hosts for which no data are

available are:

Alopex lagopus (Linnaeus)--Arctic Fox. Alopex hallensis (Merriarn)--Hall Island Fox.

Alopex pribilofensis (Merriam)--Pribilof Fox.

Vulpes velox (Say)--Swift Fox. Urocyon littoralis (Baird)--Island Gray Fox.

Suricatoecus quadratic eps (Chapman, 1897) Trichodectes quadraticeps Chapman, 1897. Ent. News, 8: 185, pi. 9, fig. 2.

Type host: Urocyon cinereoargenteus (Schreber)-- Gray Fox.

Other North American host: Vulpes macrotis Merriam-.-Kit Fox.

Suricatoecus vulpis (Denny, 1842) Trichodectes viilpis Denny, 1842. Mon. Anopl. Brit.; 189, pi. 17, fig. 5.

Trichodectes micropus Giebel, 1871. Z. ges. NatWiss. 37: 177 (aa_for T_ vulpis Denny, 1842).

194

Trichodectes abnormis Ewing, 1930. Proc. Ent. Soc, Wash. , 32: 121.

Type host: Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus). North American host: Vulpes futva (Desmarest)-- Red Fox (The one record from this host may be in error).

195

Genus TRICHODECTES

Trichodectes Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar,3: 294. Type species: Ricinus cams deGeer, 1778 (By subsequent designation by Johnston and Harrison, 1911, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W., 36: 326).

Ursodectes Keler, 1938. Nova Acta Leop. -Carol., (n.f.). 5: 428.

Type species: Trichodectes pinguis Burmeister, 1838.

Grisonia Keler, 1938 (nee E. Gray, 1825). Nova Acta Leop. -Carol., (n.f.), 5: 464.

Type species: A nomen nudum without a type species.

Galictobius Keler. 1938. Arb. morph. tax. Ent. Berlin- Dahlern, 5: 228.

Type species: Trichodectes galictidis Werneck, 1934.

Potusdia Conci, 1942. Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 74: 141. Type species: Trichodectes potus Werneck, 1934.

Trigonodectes Keler, 1944. Stettin. Ent. -Ztg., 104: 179 and 185.

Type species: Trichodectes barbarae Neumann, 1913.

Werneckodectes Conci, 1946. Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 76: 59. Type species: Trichodectes ferrisi Werneck, 1944.


Thalarctos maritimus (Phipps)-- Polar Bear. Ursus species--Grizzly and Brown Bears.

Trichodectes canis (deGeer, 1778) Ricinus canis deGeer, 1778. Mem. Hist. Inst. ,

7: 81, pi. 4, fig. 16. Pediculus canis 0. Fabricius, 1780, Fauna Groenlandica; 215.

196

Trichodectes latus Nitzsch, 1818. Mag. Ent. Germar, 3: 29& (nn for R. canis deGeer, 1778).

Trichodectes octopunctatus Denny, 1852. -List.

Brit. Animals in Brit. Mus ., Pt. II, Anoplura; 29 (nn for T_. latus Nitzsch, 1818).

Trichodectes flondanus McGregor, 1917. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 10: 168, pi. 16, figs. 3 and 5.

Type host: Domestic Dog. Other North American hosts:

Canis latrans Say--Coyote. Canis niger Bartram--Red Wolf. Canis lupus -Linnaeus--Gray Wolf.

Trichodectes octom aculatus Paine, 1912 Trichodectes octomaculatus Paine, 1912. Ent. News, 23: 438, pi. 20, fig. 1.

Trichodectes procyonis Neumann, 1913. Arch. Parasit., 15: 626, fig. 14,,

Type host: Procyon lotor (lJ.nnaeus)--Raccoon.

Trichodectes pinguis euarctidos Hopkins, 1954 Trichodectes pinguis euarctidos Hopkins, 1954. Entomologist, 87: 142, figs. 2, 3, 5, 6, and 8-11.

Type host: Euarctos americanus Pallas--Black Bear.

197

Genus TRICHOLIPEURUS

Tricholipeurus Bedford, 1929. Rept. Vet. Res. S. Africa, 15: 514.

Type species: Tricholipeurus aepycerus Bedford, 1929.

If a species of Mallophaga is found on Alces alces (Linnaeus)--Moose, it may be a species of this genus; or it may be a species of Bovicola.

Tricholipeurus lipeuroides (Megnin, 1884) Trichodectes lipeuroides Megnin, 1884. Le Naturaliste, 62: 494, figs.

Eutrichophilus mexicanus MjOberg, 1910 (nee Rudow, 1866). Ark. Zool., 6: 79 and 244, figs. 49, 50, and 137; pi. 4, figs. 1-2.

Eutrichophilus mazama Stobbe, 1913. Dtsch. Ent. Zeitr., 1913: 562 (nn for E. mexicanus MjOberg, 1910).

Trichodectes virginianus Peters, 1930. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 22: 76, figs. 1-3.

Type host: Odocoileus virginianus (Ziminermann)-- White-tailed Deer.

Other North American host: Odocoileus hemionus

(Rafinesque)--Black-tailed Deer.

Tricholipeurus parallelus (Osborn, 1896) Trichodectes parallelus Osborn, 1896. Bull. U. S. Bur. Ent. (n.s.), 5: 240, fig. 148.

Trichodectes odocoilei McGregor, 1917. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 10; 173, pi. 17, fig. 7.

Type host: Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann)-- White-tailed Deer.

Other North American host: Odocoileus hemionus

(Rafinesque)--Black-tailed Deer.

198

A CKNOWL EDGEMENTS

Many have assisted, in many ways, to make this revision’as complete as possible. Specimens have been provided for study by: A, B. Amerson, W. H. Anderson, R. H. Baker, F. M. Baumgartner, D. E. Beck, Elizabeth Boyd, J. B. Bushman, G. W. Byera, M. A. Carriker, L. A. Carruth, Paul Catling, Theresa Clay, E. F. Cook, R. Connell, 0. B. Cope, H. E. Cott, A. B. Couch. Robert C. Dalgleish, P. J. Darlington, H. G. Deignan, R. B. Eads, R. L. Edwards, H. J. Egoscue, R. E. Elbel, Emmett Eaton, Chet Fennell, F. A. Fenton, G. F. Ferris, D. J. Forrester, D. P. Furman, C. M. Herman, G. P. Holland, C. E. Hopla, D. E. Howell, R. C. Hughes, P. S. Humphrey, M. T. James, B. J. Jaskoski, W. L. Jellison, D. E. Johnson, J. C. Johnson, P. T. Johnson, D. W. Johnston, Clyde Jones, James Kierans, K. C. Kim, J. Knox Jones, Joe T. Marshall, J. N. Knull, R. E. Kuntz, H. E. McClure, F. W. Mead, E. Mendez, C. F. W. Muesebeck, K. A. Neiland, Bernard C. Nelson, D. D. Parker, P. W. Parmalee, M. A. Parsons, H. S. Peters, A. R. Phillips, R. L. Post, H. D. Pratt, M. A. Price, R. D. Price, Frank J. Rodovsky, Ray Redmond, L. E. Rozeboom, Duane Schlitter, C. M. Senger, H. W. Setzer, K. L. Smart, G. J. Spencer, E. W. Stafford, L. J. Stannard, C. Stoja.novich, R. W. Strandtmann, W. P. Taylor, P. E. Telford, Max Thompson, Vernon Tipton, H. B. Tordoff, R. Traub, D. W. Tuff, R. A. Ward, George Watson, H. V. Weems, R. L. Wenzel, F. G. Werner, A. Wetmore, F. E. Whitehead, Nixon Wils on, J. S. Wiseman, W. J, Woodman, John G* Woods, and probably others who are still unknown to me.

Assistance with host identifications was provided by: Clyde Jones, H. E. McClure, Ronald Pine, Duane Schlitter, H. W, Setzer, and G. E. Watson.

Assistance with the taxonomy of certain genera of the Mallophaga was providedby: Robert C. Dalgleish, Donald W. Tuff, Theresa Clay, Robert E. Elbel, Bernard C. Nelson, Roger D. Price, B. K, Tandan, J. Tendeiro, and G. Timmermann.

199

Dr. J. F. G. Clarke, Dr. Karl V. Krombein, and Mr. C. F. W. Muesebeck, U.S. National Museum, have through the years provided facilities and opportunities to study specimens in the U.S. National Museum.

Technical and clerical assistance was provided by: Joy Fellner, Penelope Small-wood, and Mrs. Kay Thomas.

I gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Dr. Mortimer A. Rothenberg and Dr. Keith L. Smart, Deseret Test Center, Dugway, Utah, in the publication of this study.

I wish to express my appreciation for the assistance given me by each of those listed and to any that might have been overlooked. Failure to list anyone who contributed to this study is unintentional on my part. There are probably numerous other individuals to whom I am indebted but in the rush of "business, " failed to record or recall their names. I trust they are not offended, and will continue their support in the future.

200

Documents

checklist of the mallophaga of north america (north of mexico)