Check lists&

Conditional sentences

Sergio Pizziconi

Plan of the day

Plan

- Review- A portfolio checklist- Structure of the paper - Conditional sentences

- Review- A portfolio checklist- Structure of the paper - Conditional sentences

EXTRA-CLASS work: Read Chp 2 case 15 (DISCOVERY); Chp 4 reading 5 (Wal-mart), 7(Prada), 8 (Airlines), 9 (Auto), and 10 (American Cars) [MARK relative clauses & aspect-tenses]

Keep working on your project.

SURVEYhttps://it.surveymonkey.com/s/ABCCSITA

Review: Phonology 1Vowels: exercises from /i/ to /a/ and from /u/ to /ɒ/ (lowering your jaw) from /i/ to /u/ mind driven; puff of air (see IPA chart). // Where accent falls is relevant: 1) OBject (n.) – obJECT (v.), 2) if lost, stress the first syllable, you’re likely to sound right. // Stress movement shortens/weakens previously stressed vowels (also in writing): proNOUNce pronunCIAtion // This Miss /s/ unvoiced These Ms. /z/ voiced// “gh” mute (though, thought) OR /f/ (rough, tough)

Review: Phonology 2

SOURCE: CONSONANTS

References……..……..CONSONANTS = Table of English consonants, retrieved URL: https://www.llas.ac.uk/materialsbank/mb081/page_07.htm (accessed May 14, 2014).……...

Review: Morphology 1IRREGULAR VERBS:choose – chose – chosen; seek – sought – sought; Grow - ????? - ??????; Show- ????? - ??????; Know - ????? - ??????[report the paradigm of irregular verbs you write in your maps] ADJ+lyADV; N+lyADJ // V+er N(s.o./s.t. does V) // To+N(and

most words)V (googleto google; wowto wow) // V + ance/ence N (differ+ence, perfom+ance) // Help+less antonym help+ful //

Adj+ en V (to make s.o./s.t Adj) //WRONG: I want to show the differents between BMW

and FIAT RIGHT?????Adj(max2syll.) + er Adj (comparative: more Adj)Adj(max2syll.) + est Adj (superlative: most Adj)BUT: good – better – best; bad – worse – worst //Singular: Thesis, Analysis, Hypothesis, Axis /s/ unvoicedPlural: Theses, Analyses, Hypotheses Axes /z/ voiced //Datum (sing.) Data (pl.)Criterion, phenomenon (sing.) Criteria, phenomena (pl.)

Review: Morphology 2

PersonalPr.subjectIyouhesheitweyou (all)they

who

PersonalPr.Non-subject

meyouhimheritusyou (all)them

whom

Reflexive

myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves

PossessiveAdjectives

myyourhisheritsouryourtheir

PossessivePronouns

mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs

Sets of personal pronouns and possessive

Review: Morphology 3Possessive

MyYourHisHerItsOurYourTheir

Luke’s

mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs

Tony’s

car is affordable is expensive

Review: Morphology 4 Verb tenses 1

• Past (simple)

• Non-past: present (simple)

NOW

PastNon-Past

I go to school tomorrowI go to school everydayIn 1776 the USA declare their independence

Review: Morphology 5 Verb tenses 2• Past (simple)

• Non-past: present (simple)

NOW

PastNon-Past

Futurity:I go to school tomorrowI am going to school tomorrowI’m going to go to school tomorrowI will go to school tomorrow

Review: Morphology 6 Tense-aspect 3They usually refer to a habitual action:I go to school [as my main activity today]I went to school last year [as my main activity then]

To remark habits in the past:I used to go to school last yearI would go to school everyday

• Past (simple)

• Non-past: present (simple)

NOW

PastNon-Past

Review: Morphology 7 Tense-aspect 4• Simple

• Continuous/Progressive

Habitual process

On-going process:To be + V-ing

NOW

Their price is decreasing

When I bought the shares,their price was decreasing

Their price will be decreasing

Review: Morphology 8 Tense-aspect 5

Habitual process

On-going: To be + V-ing

NOW

I have started this project two weeks ago

The deadline was yesterdaybut I had started the project two months ago

When you will be back, they will have finished the project

• Simple

• Continuous/Progressive

• Perfect Some link with ensuing time: To have + V-ed

Review: Morphology 9 Tense-aspect 6

Habitual process

On-going: To be + V-ing

NOW

I have started this project two weeks ago

The deadline was yesterdaybut I had started the project two months ago

When you will be back, they will have finished the project

• Simple

• Continuous/Progressive

• Perfect Some link with ensuing time: To have + V-ed

I started the project two months ago because the deadline was yesterday

I have been working on this project for four weeksI have been working on this project since last month (2013)

Review: Morphology 10 Duration form 7

Habitual process

On-going: To be + V-ing

NOW

• Simple

• Continuous/Progressive

• Perfect

• Perfect continuous Some link with ensuing time: To have + V-ed

Some link with present and on-going : To have + BEEN + V-ing

BUT: I have known you all since March 10th

Review: Syntax 1Verbs: transitive Vs. intransitive (Direct object, Indirect object, Oblique object)// passive Vs. active (mentioned)//AUXILIARY verb for the perfect tenses (actually, aspect) ALWAYS to have (e.g., Things have changed)BUT: passive voice (e.g., Rules were changed by the CEO) or few constructions (e.g., are you finished?) //Phrasal verbs. Verb+ ADV or Prep. To bring about = to cause, to engender (causare, determinare) //

Typical declarative sentence structure: Subj + Verb +…..Typical negative: Subject + do/does/did + not+ V(base form)Typical question: Do/Does/Did + Subject + V(base form)

N.B. When some sort of auxiliary is already in the sentence USE IT instead of adding to doEmphatic statement Subj +do/does/did +V(base form) //What brings about unemployement? (what = SUBJECT)What does unemployment bring about? (what = ????)WRONG: I’m interesting in fashion RIGHT: ????

Review: Syntax 2Skoda is…, Italy/France/Japan is… [WITHOUT article] BUT The United

States of America, The United Kingdom, The Netherlands //Once upon a time there was a small village in the country. The village

was… [see vignette below]In light of (mainly US) In the light of (mainly UK) [see FOEs for

possessive case and article]//TRANSITIVE: to raise (raised – raised); to lay (laid – laid)INTRANSITIVE: to rise (rose – risen); to lie (lay – lain) (lying)N.B.: to lie (to say something untrue) (lied – lied) (lying)

Review: Syntax 3Modal verbs: can, may, will, shall, must, could, might, would, should +

BARE INFINITIVE (without to)Interrogative: MODAL + Subj + BARE INFINITIVE (must I go?)Negative: Subj + MODAL + not + BARE INFINITE (I mustn’t go, I

cannot go OR I can’t go, I won’t go)They do not take to before or after:

WRONG To may, to must, to could… WRONGWRONG I can to go, you may to talk… WRONG

They do not take –s for 3° person singularWRONG he cans do, she mays do… WRONGThey have no tense it’s a matter of distance from reality:Next year, I am/will be/can be/ may be/could be/might be in the UK

I want TO focus/analyzeI would like TO focus/analyze

Review: syntax 4

S V(D.O.)

(I.O.)Why?

Where? When?

How?

On what condition?

(Att)

Links within the text

About the relation between interlocutors

Circumstances Textual markers

General structure of the sentence

• What sentence constituent is the underlined subordinate clause replacing?

– I think (that) you can do excellent projects– Io penso che …

– Can you replace “that” (“che”) with “which” (“il/la/i/le quale/i”)?

• What’s the difference between the two uses of “honestly” below?– Honestly, I don’t think you can win the game

– I don’t think you can honestly win the game

Review: Syntax 5

D.O. replacing subordinate

clause

Discourse Marker

(relation to interlocutors)

Vs.Circumstance

Review: Syntax 6We have already sold the books

that

we received XXXX yesterday

We have already sold the books

that

XXXX were delivered yesterday

A Main Clause with a Noun Phrase

A relative pronoun

A clause with a missing element

A Main Clause with a Noun Phrase

A relative pronoun

A clause with a missing element

Basic relative clauses

Review: Syntax 7• Omitted relative pronoun:

– From AMWAY: These distributors sell to people [that/whom] they know or meet.

• Whiz (omitted which and auxiliary to be):

– From BIC: Most large companies produce a variety of goods and services XXX XXX [which are] designed to meet customers’ needs…

• Fused relative pronoun:

– From BIC: This case study shows how [the way in which] BIC understands product life cycles

Other details about relative clauses

Review: Syntax 8

• Try to figure out what the pair below has to do with relative clauses:

Restrictive Vs Non-restrictive

The car that is parked in front of the department is mine

My car, which is parked in front of the department, is a FIAT

Restrictive Vs Non-restrictive

Review: Pragmatics 1/1Do not pick on students or class fellows. //“See you later.”// Language

varies across jobs. //Think it over before saying “No, this is wrong” Recommended: “Very interesting point/question. Let me point out though that…” or some sort of hedging (softening expression). // How is it going? How (are) you doing? What’s up? Wassup? Sup? It’s always Good.// Expectation of truthful statement. // Lag time between turns: When asking for questions, wait for a longer time.// Greetings (see next slide)//

FORMAL: Dr. Pizziconi, your course is interesting [NOT: his/her].

INFORMAL: Sergio, your course is interesting. {“On a first name basis” “May I call you Sergio?”}.

Review: Pragmatics (Appendix)Pragmatics:

Informal Formal

Greetings Sup?Wassup?What’s up?How you doing?How is it going?

How are you doing?

Good morning/afternoon/evening

Intro “ (very) nice/glad/pleased to meet you!How do you do?

Parting after first meeting

(very) nice/glad/pleased meeting you!

Review: Tools 1/1Tools: www.thefreedictionary.com Also, the financial and legal

dictionaries within and the Idioms section. // Check for the frequency of sentences googling them in quotes “……..” // Semantics of prototypes //

Google advanced search: with pdf and site: .edu (US universities) or .ac.edu (UK universities)

SUNECO’s library’s link to “online sources” (Open access journals)

FOEs 1/5- Information (uncountable: much information NOT many

informations , NOT an information)

- Economy Vs Economics - Security (against criminal actions) Vs Safety (against dangerous

actions)- Across (time, space whether real or abstract) Vs Through

(space; means/tool)

- Frequent (a bar, a restaurant) Vs attend (a course/program/school)

- I study English Vs I study the English language- Aim/Attempt at (+ N; V-ing) OR to (+ V-base form)

- A + consonant sound! OR pronounced h : a house, a university

An + vowel sound! OR mute h: an unpredictable even, an hour.

- Principal (of a secondary school), head, chair (of a Department), dean (of a college) president (of a university)

FOEs 2/5- I’m graduated FROM Aversa high school

I graduated FROM/AT Aversa high school

- Such as (listing examples) as (in the function of)- Comparison and manner: As (+entire clause) like

(+noun)- Wal-Mart is one of the largest employers in the US. In fact it’s

the largest (A dire il vero)- Industry usually means productive sector. Plant, factory (are the

words for the place where things are manufactured)- When a word is not used because of its meaning but as a word

to be dealt with, mark it somehow: The verb can expresses…; The verb “can” expresses…; The verb can expresses

- Matricola (the person) = freshman/freshmen- Matricola (the number) = Student ID number

FOEs 3/5• What’s wrong in the sentence below?– WRONG Is more correct to use “may” to mean permission.• You need a subject!

• Io sono d’accordo I agree with+N/ to +Vbase form (clause)…. [NOT: I am agree]

• A Facebook page is/isn’t useful to keep in touch [NOT for to keep in touch]

• Possessive case:

The doctor’s house Vs X Dr. Smith’s house

The consumer’s choice Vs The consumers’ choice

BUT The child’s toy Vs The children’s toy

BUT X Giordano’s book Vs The Giordano book

FOEs 4/5 (charts)• Fall – fell – fallen• WRONG: his trend is regular RIGHT: ????• ITA: media ENG: mean (on average)• Price varies according to volume• WRONG: It is steadily for the first part• RIGHT: It is steady. It levels steadily. It is steadily high.• WRONG: After there is a slowly fall RIGHT: ????• WRONG: Before it varies RIGHT: ????• PREPOSITIONS

April May June

IN JuneON May 23rd

DURING the month

AT the end of June

FOEs 5/5One – first 1st

Two – second 2nd

Three – third 3rd

Four – fourth 4th ……

Twenty one – Twenty first 21st

Twenty two – Twenty second 22nd

Twenty third – Twenty third 23rd

Twenty four – Twenty fourth 24th ….

Thirty one – Thirty first 31st …..

To enterIf it refers to s.o. or s.t that moves into a place, to enter is transitive:A company enters the marketBut if it refers… [see activity]

FOEs 6• GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT

• MARKETING DOMESTICALLY

• DOMESTIC FLIGHTS

Review: Acconto: Down-payment or Advance payment?

• I would like our extended community of knowledge to solve the issue.

• Let’s state the issue by looking at the definitions of the two English words in the financial dictionary.

• The conclusion might also be along the lines:

• From a logical/semantic point of view, we should not use “advance payment”. However, language use is different in this specific domain.

Portfolio’s checklist

• Portfolio. At the end of the course you will be asked to submit your portfolio which will comprise at least the following material:

• Exercises and reports of the in-class activities with my comments and initials (at least: 60% of all the exercises/reports you will be requested in class)

• Texts generated for your project (at least: abstract/proposal, final paper, slides for a presentation)

• A lexicon structured according to your own organizing criteria (mandatory)• Your curriculum vitae (mandatory)• Two cover/application letters: one for a corporate position, the other for a

graduate program abroad (at least one)• A statement of goals for a graduate program, such as an MBA (Master’s

degree in Business Administration) (mandatory)• A table of contents and commentary (at least 400 words maximum 800)

on the material included in your portfolio (mandatory)

Syntax: Conditional sentences 1/4• Italian and English speakers might build

conditional sentences with double conditional mood (Se o saprei o direi)

• Or with double subjunctive mood (Si o sapisse o dicisse)

Syntax: conditional sentences 2/4

If/when I (get to) know it, I (will) say it to you________________________________________________________________________

Syntax: conditional sentences 3/4If I knew it, I said it to youIf I would know it, I would say it to you

If I had known it, I had said it to youIf I would have known it, I would have said it to you

If/when I (get to) know it, I (will) say it to you________________________________________________________________________

Syntax: conditional sentences 4/4

If/when I (get to) know it, I (will) say it to youIf I knew it, I would say it to youIf I had known it, I would have said it to you

If I knew it, I said it to youIf I would know it, I would say it to you

If I had known it, I had said it to youIf I would have known it, I would have said it to you

NOT FOR SUBMISSION

• Write a conditional sentence about the reading, “Why Kraft is on a crash diet”.

Paper outline & Presentation slides draft• The blocks I expect in your projects

– Introduction– Literature review– Hypothesis/es OR research question/s– (Methodology)– Data/results– Discussion– Conclusion– References

Title and your name

Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Xxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Pretzel variety

•Listen, buddy, I’m not too thrilled about this either•All right, let’s get this over with

Same structure/similar terms

Terminology activityThe completed map MUST be in your portfolio

Same structure/different terms

Different structure/Transparent terms

Different structure/Opaque terms

Either “Bank operations”Or “Export-Import activities”

Statement of goals

• 100 is the total number of bits of information you write

• 80 must talk about your future

• 20 must talk about your past and present

• The difficulty is to avoid granted and naïve rhetoric (i.e., “My favorite colors are Green, White and Red because they are the colors of our flag”

MUSTs & MUST-NOTs MINIMUM MUSTs

• MUST rephrase

• MUST cite sources

• MUST circumscribe your scope

MUSTs for “GOOD/HARD WORK” assessment

• MUST carry out YOUR OWN analysis

MINIMUM MUST-NOTs

• MUST NOT copy and paste

• MUST NOT hide sources

• MUST NOT write your paper in the slides

MUST-NOTs for “GOOD/HARD WORK” assessment

• MUST NOT just repeat what other scholars wrote