Upload
dhruv-beniwal
View
219
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
7/31/2019 Charecterstics of Indian Economy
1/17
CHARECTERSTICS OF
INDIAN ECONOMY
BY : DHRUV
7/31/2019 Charecterstics of Indian Economy
2/17
INDIA AN UNDERDEVELOPED
ECONOMY
Low per capita income
Inequitable distribution of income
High incidence of poverty
Predominance of agriculture
Rapid population growth and high dependency ratio
Low level of human development
Unemployment
Scarcity of capital
Technological backwardness
7/31/2019 Charecterstics of Indian Economy
3/17
LOW PER CAPITA INCOME
7/31/2019 Charecterstics of Indian Economy
4/17
Low Per Capita Income
When the total national income is divided by the totalpopulation, it is called per capita income.It is the averageincome of an average person in that country.
On the basis of per capita income , india was among the few
poorest countries at the time of indipendence. This poverty and backwardness India had inherited from the
colonial rule
With the efforts of the government some development hasindeed taken place during the six decades of planning ,but
India still remain in some of the most underdevelopedcountries in terms of per capita income.
7/31/2019 Charecterstics of Indian Economy
5/17
Inequitable Distribution of Income
7/31/2019 Charecterstics of Indian Economy
6/17
Inequitable Distribution of Income
The distribution of income and wealth in India is
inequitable.
According to the WORLD DEVELOPMENT
INDICATORS, 2010,the share of the bottom 10%of the
population in aggregate household expenditure was only
3.6%in 2004-2005 while the share of top 10%was as
high as 31.1%
7/31/2019 Charecterstics of Indian Economy
7/17
High Incidence of Poverty
7/31/2019 Charecterstics of Indian Economy
8/17
High Incidence of Poverty
The problem of mass poverty is a natural outcome of
income inequalities.
The planning commission acknowledge the fact of
widespread poverty in the country in the sixth 5 year
plane 1980-95 .
According to the planning commission, the overall % of
the people below the poverty line had declined to 36 %
in 1993-1994 while the incidence of poverty was 37% in
rural areas and 32% in urban areas .
Tendulkar committee has pointed out that 37% of people
were below the poverty line in 2004-2005. This indicate a
very high incidence of poverty after 6 decades of
planning.
7/31/2019 Charecterstics of Indian Economy
9/17
Low Level of Human Development
7/31/2019 Charecterstics of Indian Economy
10/17
Low Level of Human Development
High rate of illiteracy
74.04% people can read and write (2011) i.e. 296 million illiterates
India ranks 106 out of the 127 countries on Education for alldevelopment index (2005 global report)
In skilled areas like computer technology, situation is disastrous
The number of beds available over 1,000 million is only 9.10 lakh
Only 16 out of every 100 Indian households- a mere four in villageshave first generation infrastructure facilities like safe drinking water,electricity and toilets.
About 20% of the population have no access to safe drinking water.
7/31/2019 Charecterstics of Indian Economy
11/17
Unemployment
7/31/2019 Charecterstics of Indian Economy
12/17
Unemployment
Widespread unemployment is perhaps the most striking
symptom of inadequate development in india.
The unemployment rate was 6.6% in 1993-1994 which
rose to 8.35% in 2006-2007.
Over the same period , the number of unemployed rose
from 20.27 million to 36.27 million
This high level of unemployment is a matter of serious
concern.
Unemployment in india is chronic and result from the
structural defects in the economy.
7/31/2019 Charecterstics of Indian Economy
13/17
Technological Backwardness
7/31/2019 Charecterstics of Indian Economy
14/17
Technological Backwardness
Rate of technological growth; 0.7% to1.1%
119 researchers per million population
Global Information technologyreport,2010, places India at 117 among159 countries in the economieseffectively using IT
7/31/2019 Charecterstics of Indian Economy
15/17
INDIA AS A RAPIDLY
EMERGING ECONOMY
7/31/2019 Charecterstics of Indian Economy
16/17
SUSTAINED GROWTH
Presently India is fastest growingeconomy in the world (after China)
In terms of purchasing power parity,India had a per capita income of 3,260 $
In the changing demographics, Indiawill have the largest pool of workingpopulation in the world.
7/31/2019 Charecterstics of Indian Economy
17/17
Self Reliance and minimal Dependence
Agricultural Transformation
Industrial changes
Changes in foreign trade
Improvement in Infrastructure
Expansion of science and technology
Social Changes