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Characteristics of Species Prone to
Extinction
Amphibians
•38% of US amphibian
species in decline
Reasons:
1. Habitat Loss
2. Pollution
3. Disease
Bird Statistics
• 9,800 known bird species
• 70% are declining in number
10 Most Threatened Bird Species
• Ivory-billed woodpecker• California Condor• Whooping Crane• Gunnison Sage-Grouse • Kirtland’s Warbler • Piping Plover • Florida Scrub-Jay • Ashy Storm-Petrel • Golden-cheeked Warbler • Kittlitz’s Murrelet
Bird Migratory RoutesNational Refuges help to protect wetlands along
bird migration routes
Causes of Endangerment
Habitat Loss
#1 Cause
Habitat Loss
• Common problem: habitat fragmentation
Habitat Loss
Habitat Degradation -
Pollution
Invasive Species
Invasive Species• Group 1 – Chinese Privet & Snakes in Florida• Group 2 – Wisteria & Wild Boar• Group 3 – Tamarsik & Grey Squirrel (in Europe)• • Plants: Chinese Privet / Japanese kudzu / Chinese Wisteria / Bamboo / Hydrilla / Eurasian Milfoil /
Mimosa / • Animals: grey squirrel in England / snakes in Florida / Wild Boar / Snake Fish / carp
Role of Introduced Species
• Accidental
• Food crops
• Livestock
• Control Pests
• Pets
• Game - Hunting
• Ornamental
Modes of Transmission
• Stowaways on aircraft• In the ballast water of tankers• Hitchhikers on imported products
• Asian Carp http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yS7zkTnQVaM
Kudzu Vine
• Beverages• Gourmet
Confections• Herbal
Remedies
Fire Ants
Overfishing - OverhuntingMarket Hunting
Bushmeat
The Rising Demand for Bushmeat
• Increase in African population
• Increase in logging road and access to remote areas
• Increase demand by high-end restaurants
• Source of income for poor people
Profit of Poaching• Mountain Gorilla - $150,000• Panda Pelt – $100,000• Chimpanzee - $50,000• Amazon Macaw - $30,000• Rhinoceros Horn - $28,000 (per kg)
Sale of Exotics
Predator Control & Pest Control
Primary Root of all Causes of Endangerment
Rising Population GrowthRising Resource UseNo Environmental Economic AccountingPoverty