72

CHAPTOR m

In mtsf investigation of •ooial seitnoss itfhich i»

to bo carriod out with tho hoip o£ statistics* it is

•ssontial that sppxopriato tools ace oithsr ssloetsfi or

constKuetsd and pxoesssod oo as to apply than on a sai^pie

tihieh is seiontiCioaily sslootsd* anfl appiopriato statistics

appiiad for draifing scisntific infarsaess* This is dons toy

aohisfving obisetivss which have bsan f orsiilatsd and testing

the hypothesis %rhieh haire bean mode* for the earcyiUig out

of tha stKidy« At tiiaas» it ia said that it is better to

car<y on an intmstigation on the total population* rather

than the sauBpie* but it does not carry e universal truth*

in fact* carrying out such an investigation on the total

population for en individual inveatigater is a lOTth rather

than a f oct mm neither one can have such an aaouDt of titte*

nor reaourcea to do^so* Moreover* in aodecn times the

sophistication of statistical tectmiques* limitation of

tine* aonay and energir hd the fact that out of the two

types of errors* one is lilcely to be increaaed* when the

total population is covered* it is better to carxy on autih

an investigation on e seientifieally selected sanple rather

than the total population* It is than expected that the

results of the investigation dona on such a sample will

throw results which will be representative of tha total

population on which it ia to be dons*

?r

3*3 ssaelt

TtM «ei«iitifie n»thod of th« w»th—attcul thaoxy of

pxbbttbiXity la its prineipie of soKtntif ic regolavity* i«y»

dovn that nodeeataly lor9<» mvtber of xtmta, choson &t

randon f coa & large grcmp« on tho averGga# pssaoa tho

^Mracterlatics of larga gsou?* Xt ia« howovor* to be

aadft sore that the saiqpla takan at rendoai pxovl4«a maeh

and mvrg Item of the equal chanoee to be ntpvesented on

it* Zf the ea^piing ia doae» after observing aXi oodai

foza»iitiea# the aaiqpie ao eeleota4« in ail prtfbd9ility

ffill have th« oharaeteristies of the large group* It will*

however* have to be ensuraa that the sanple should be

•odestly large* In a country like Indian sueh investigatione

are carried oat keeping in viev the lioitations of the

population which generelly is reluctant to pass on aueh

inforoatioa and vhich is not f«vo\irably inclined to undergo

psrchological testing* An othmr difficulty in the progress

of mxdti studiss is that people ore ofraid because of the

deceptive and faulty progranmss in uhioh even faodly

9ij>a0itions aee dona undar ooharson* Zt is# therefore*

eaaeotial that the data should b« selected* in a systenatie

%ifay* and the testing prograiatne is eartried oat under norwal

conditions of work* Hcmevar* while seleeting the sesple

the principle of providing egoel chances* by way of putting

the selected item back to the population* could not be

adhered to enphetically* Otherwise all other focaialitiee

7i

wefftt emntUA out In a ^ytswufttlc waor* vir»t of «11 tti»

Enployaisiit iter)c*t Zofoxnatloti Olnit of SBt osroKmt citi umqB

iii««ar« vbleh «m« ths ftcea of th* iavegtiQatloiu ifs* csonttetad

Qtifi til* ER X aed ER ZX c^eocds of ^M PMIOA «n<|liig D«aMtMur#

i984# pertaiDlao to botti A«t and ttoo- ot ••taibiitfiflMntts wm

atudiad. Th» eteord* of both pid»iie and priymtm ••otor

w9f« «X«o sexutliiic«a« Aon appfoxtnitttioa of the pwnona

m^Utsfd in the foJUowing oeenpatlon* in glvan in tiA>l*

$•! with th9 •xe^tion of egrieoltaim.

ihoifino th# goouitttcy^ of Pir^ptui Ewployid ia

81* Mo«

mxm of th* voestioo NO* of j^t&onB ^Saploj/mBi

%• Adadtiistiratien i28«0

2. Baaiosas 9St7

3. togineedng 3790

4. Hedicai 2793

s. Teaohiaa 7813

V9om •monAQBt th» ••tabXiihiMmts f «o» which th»

pftmotui of thAMi oeoupationa ti»i* Xooat d* th» «oeio«>

•eonoaie aehaAila fco« iOO vpo«t«i>gx«aiMt«i« 200 gfaaaatos

and iOO vatdooXataa who iM«« aniploywd in •aeh on* of

tiiaaa ocet«pationa« audi f cXX wi^iio this aga canga wam

got f iXXadl in hf tha invaatigator and tha tgained ta«i of

75

voxlmtBrn Thm 8oeio«XeooofBic OtMMtioimaif* thmi %mxm

loolcAd into* A l i th» p«r«ox» I«IK> had laotv th«a otm wite

«!•«• dcoppadft xn addition « i i thoMi paraons «ho had any

typa of illnasaaa vara alao dtoppad* A l l thoaa payaona

utio had l«9a than ootxiculation aduoationaX quaZi£ication

vrajra alao dsoppad* l a addition* iaaualasa eouplao*

couplaa which did not l i ve togathar« ai thar bacouaa of

family disputaa or baeausa of tha aaploynant which

damandad aeparata l iving^ warn alao djcoj>p«d fcoai tha

aaiBS>la of tha invaatigation* siioiiarly* apiniatara wat*

alao not to ba atudiad* Af ta r ttlittinating tha aibova t ^pa

of paraona from tha aa^pla of tha f iva vocational tha

mubmc of paraona l a f t aa aan^la Ktm ahoim i n tabla 3«3

Showing oatspla salactad on tha Baaia of

sl« Kama of tha K i ^ ^ r Madiocra tAwar i:otal tlo« Occnpation Sdueatad Edueatad Edocatad

(?oat<- (oraduataa) Graduataa) (Matrieit"*

lataa)

u Adtsiniatratlon 37

2* Buaiuaas 39

3« Kngitta«xlng 3d

4* Nadieina 35

&• Taaching 3d

56 93 tee 55 95 tes

55 93 184

SO 99 179

55 97 190

7f)

Xn tUtt Cnployotnt Market Xnfotsmtion SCIMBW tht

agrleuXtuc* cwotor is not covtt£«kl« ao far the selection

off eaas^Xe fcom egrieulture eeetov th» heip ffeoxs the

records off cenaus was taken* In all 100 poe^9radki8tee#

300 oraduatee aad 100 matrioulates ware oelectaA ee eeaple*

The aooio-eeoiioale eehedules nera got filled in fro» then

fvoHi those Who fell ia age range of 4S«5S« Froa the

diata it revealed e aainple of 38 poat^graduatee^ 50

gse^etee and 96 aatrieulatee were finally seleetad for

the eondnet of this inveatigatlon* after eliminating t ^

types of persons ei9l«i««d above*

senile selected VKO0 Those irtio were Engaged

BU s a M of the Higher Midioere Lower Votal Ko« Occupotion educated Bdueated educated

<Fost» (Greduetes) (Natri* Graduates) culates)

1* Agriculture 39 58 96 198 and allied eecupetions

For the putpoee of the selection of hi^^y edaeated

persons^ it was decided that all those who had eithar

agister's degree or an equivalent or higher degrae were

to be categorised as sue3)» 6irailarly« those who were

77

oraAMttts or «ho had an •quivalant dagra* aa thair adiseat*

lonal ^aXifieatSoA wave aalactad aa aaeh and eatagoriaad

aa paraoB with oodesata adoeatSoaal <2iialifitiationa» xU

othava wha had foatrleitJlatad and ymtti having Xaaa than

graduation aa thair <iualif icatioo %iara eatagoriaad iovly

qisalifiad paraona* Ihua tha aains>ia atudiad waa eatagoriaad

in aa«h a way that paraona Cron aa^ of tha vocation

fonwiatad thraa gxoupa i»a« hi^ly adkicatad (Oroup X)«

leodarataly adacatad (Oroup zx) and paraona with XoMar

•daeational oii^i'icetiona (Qsoup ZZ2)«

3«9 a[)oo^

xn alit thia atudy naadad thraa tooia to ba uaadt

It waa got aa tha original aoaia conatructad hf

Rottar and oaad as such* Tha acoia ia at Appandix X and

tha anawar ahaat of tha aeaia at Appendix XX«

Thia aeala haa baan uaad tonobtain tha iociia of

eontfol aoorea» Xt can tm adainiatarad individaaXly aa

walX aa in gtoupa* Tha Zvs* acala ia forea ^loiea itaawf

aix of which ara fiilara* aiurti ita» haa two atatafwinta

(A) and (8) and tha ra^pondanta hava to chooaa ona out of

tha two whicdi ia aora txua to hi»«

According to Rottar (I9i0)« tha origioaX waraion

of Z«« aeaia« aa ia axpaetad of a tooX of thia typa# haa

78

test r«*t*»t eoccwXtttion ranging toctiMMtn «6i anA «•) and

split halt eomlatlon b^tiiMwa *6S and #79*

Zn oxdhir to ael^ct id» dat* aei«ntlfic«ll7 and to

fsisuro that the B&^lm did not contain thoao eaeaa iiAiieh

did not baiong to tha nomal population a quaationnai«a

was px«pas«d« Zt containad 13 lta»a« St was f irat of all

dieeusaad with tho Juxy o2 tts^arta in tha t>apavtiMnt of

education in Hi«aehGi Pradae^ tftiivaraity and modifiad in

tha light of it* Bvmk than it oontainad 12 itane (Appandix

ZZZ) • 9ha psaatiottnaira wao aant to tim «Kpa«ta tioxking

in tha fiald of Education* Psychology and Sociology for

gatting thair opinion on it (Appandix zv)« Only fiva oat

of 20 aicparta M9W9 kind to aand thair opinion* Zn tha

li^t of suggaationa given on tha ^aationnaira* it warn

msdifiad and finallaad aa msdhm zt now contained 11

itaas (Appendix V)« A letter was drafted to be eent# by

hand to theae peraons who were aelected aa aassple «o that

they fill it in (Appendix V%)» Thia information wae

collected by eatabliahing tha eontacta with the pereone

concerned either in person or througlh trained inveatigator*

Vour inveatigatora who had M«A»» M*Cd* degrees with then

were given training in getting the aocio-econeoio

questionnaire filled in eaoA alao adoiniatering the

attitude scales*

7H

(e) ^ ^ ^ d f sqalf i

Xn a U thv«» attittid* «eal«t v i m n—a>a» tet aon«

of th»M was avaliabla in tha nackat whleh tiaa ba«i

ataodavdiaod as asq^Xiad on tha a«aa for %ihich it waa naaSad*

So it vaa daeidad to 90 in for tha oonatruetioa of thjcaa

attitttda acalaa in tha aiaa of Popuiation Xdaeetion*

Poj>ulatlon Conaeiouaaaaa and Saali Famiiy Sisa in aeeordanoa

with x«ik«et techniqua of attitude aeaXa conatcuetioa*

Pirat of all* tha axaa of aaoh of tha thx«a

attitndas waa dividad into f iva aiib-acaaa* On evary part

of tha a«tb»araaa« 10 itana Mara oonatstustad in auch a way

that f iva of thaaa waxa poaitiva and f iva vara nagativa*

Thaaa itana %M»ra on the iinaa of tha eritaria iaid down

hf Wang (i9$3)« Thruatona & Crov (1929)« Ukart 1X912)«

Bird (X940)* and sdwarda and iCaXpatriai (X948)« avoiding

factaoX atatawtnta» tha atataoMnta whioh eouXd tw intar-

pratad in nora than ona way^ atataiaonta irraXatvd to thoaa

aub<-araaa# atatamanta XikaXy to torn andoraad by aivafy ona#

uaa of dsubXa nagetiwaa* atatamanta not covering aDik>-azaaa

of tha attitudi and atatamanta containing tsnivaraaXa*

Bvaiy atatanant waa ao aoradad that it ttada tha idea eXaar

and contained onXy ona thought «4iiCh vaa in aiiq>Xa Xangiiaga*

than atatamant atatamanta aca appended at Appendix VXX«

Thaae atatamanta wore then discuaced in the Jury of

axperta fron the fieXd of Edueation^ Kcoooiiics# Payc^Xogy*

SoeioXogy and Social Morka* Aa a reauXt of it eoae^ itenap

8(1

ymw 4ropp«dU soto* xm* itmea %mse added end ooae %mwm .

ecMi lnea* Thus thft muttaBt of iteets «eeBain«d on th» b o ^

of th* «e«i«« «•• •» datailttd in tab!* 9*4«

Taibio ,3 f

iiUBib«r of lt»mB on tha Bodjr of th» Attitods

Soal«8 B«foM i t s PeoawtAing

$!• Axtta of Attitud* So* of Xtent so« !• Attituda «ovafd« POjpKilatioii

Sdttcatfton SO

2* Attituda toiragda PopalatSon Conaeiotisnaaa 29

9* Attitoda iDwaida WmaXl Fanily Sisa 28

zt was daeldad to ga« tlia atU-toda of tha aaapla

on f iva point oeala «• al l of tliaa waia aduoatad at iaaat

upto flNitvle* Aii favoisr«ibla atatananta naga aaaicnad

walglhtaga icon wanlnwiw to ninltaui l*a« S« 4« 2* 2 fit t«

and al l tmfavoofabia itawi vfaia givan tha waightaga in

tha xavavaa ovdar i«a* U 2« 3« 4# <• S« tha finta

poaitlona rapcasentad f coti maxifliw to ttlntnutii esa as imdait

a« dtcongly og««a

b* Agfaa

o* oneartain

d« Dlaagcaa

•m dtiongly oisagxaa

81

Xn oxtfftr to cDak* th* •mpl* ctmt the nrnVhoeolo^jt

of mt^bmotXng th* Iteito of th» attitua* aealtt* iiuitnietloiui

w«£» cotapUftdt iriilAh &«• ^inen ttt hpsmti6im So* VXXX* Vh»

attitude seale along with tha iAatKuetiona «mo got oyelo*

atylad for fuiethar pfoeaaaing (Appandix 3X) •

^ a tfy out tfaa oaant to do tha ita» anaivsi* a»^

to voK)c out tha diaeriainating ponar and itam voriabiUtar

ao that iteita anOocaad fay avexy oina or oooa ahottia toa dona

away vitb*

Gaeh and avasy itan «aa to ba pcocaaaad lay taaens

of atatistieal traatntnt* Tha firat foxmate of tha

attituda aeaia waa adesifiiatarad on iOO aiddia aged pareota

by tha investigator paraonaXiy* tha objeetivaa of tha

adaiDiatration of tha aealaa «faa made oiaar to than* tOiay

wira aiao given a firm aaauraaea that their acorma would

be kept confidential and wooid notcba provided to any other

aourea and that thoaa tfoald be uaed oniy for tha puxpoea

of thla pieoe of raaaaroh* Thm ioatruotiona vara read out

to them end eiao laede clear to the«* ooubta* i f any ware

heard with patienee and made dear* Tha acalea in ^aatioa

were adminiatarad under nonaai oonditiona. Ttm eama aeaiea

ward than repeated upon tha aoraa pareone after a tioia

period of one ttonth* The acoring of tha aeaiea ^miniatared

82

fOff tiM t i n t tins audi mgmmtmA (if ter « Mottth ««• iMaB

and th» c««tilt» oo^pilUtt*

AU th« 8e«l9« W9m than acrangaa tn osdar or

•Qocaa* tiM diaQriainatia9 pewa* of «ach Itan %f«a woilaid

out ifith th« halp of fonaola lay Goiifoid (t9S4) i

w

otx i s IfidiGSitlw of uppar loiair ittdajt i»o« aiacyininatiiig

poMtr*

RtJ standa for niMfaar of paraona giving oorraet ananara

in tha group of «bova 91K paopla*

m» atanda for paraoas giving ri^iht anawnra in tiia gcoop

of Xowar Tf% paraona*

f atanda for nmrisar of ^«t9orm in «a6h gneoup.

ztan honring aiaeriaioating poiiar balow .a wera

eODsidarad to be unsuitabi« and awara thua dalatad* TtMi

itan ao daXatad and alao ttaoaa in Whi«h caaa* pat Xa found

tha languaga to be daf active and the nunber of itaaia laf t

on tlM body of the attitude acaiea ia given in tabia 3«S

83

aim htmm o f fao« Attltua*

MO* of 2 tan* OA t l M seaio

&u m* of Xtmsm with l e s s than »2 DiflCffi-* flilncting ?ow*r

s i* MO* Of Items with Sofoetin* Lsmguage

Xteii» l o f t OB tho ht»6f Of the scalo*

I* Attitude 30 i$0 29

aopaletioa eaaeatloA

»ii 28

3 , Attitude tenrarde 29 Itopulattion Conacioueneae

% t% 29 12

S« Attitttdo towetde 23 6* 23 Pandly S i se

14

2S

25

1 ^ y»ri»»?f

Xn 0]td«r to etu^ the variation - in ecores of

•ach individual on each lte«i# a pjcofonoa was pjrepaced

(Appendix X) • itM variation of the ansner of each Iteias

of every individaal on the basie of first teat and the

eeoond teat wae noticed* It was decided to drop ell

those itetKS in Whose ease these was SOX variation of 4

poittta* 60% of 3 points* t09i of 2 points* ao9( of one

point f son the tood^ of the scales* As e reeult of the

pioeesslng of ell the item of all the three attitude

81

•eaZ** psrtainiiiQ to |00 persona* oo it«n ««• fomuS to

hm m> pJLtc«d that It •hoald hm dioppsd f xo« th* bodjr of

th« ae*!.**

After dropping thm itaait ftoai the body of tiMi

«eal««« tlMi»« %Mii» fin«liwMl» A bio-data f o m vaa

pcoparod to hifvo inforeaation fson tha iadividual oonaiatlng

of 7 itooa tihieh %mxm f iaaXiiad bjr diaeuaaitig thaa vith

tha Jury of axpatta and aaJcino changas in thm li^t of

thair auggaationa (Appaadix Xt>» Thaaa «•<• «adad to

tha sealaa* 9haaa aeaiaa with tha bio«>datft form* at tha

front paga* inatructiona for thoaa «iho wata to f i U that

in* waa adainiatarad* On 50 paraona ooneamad vith tha

oocupationa on uliiclh tha atody waa to ba conAuetad i*a*

administration^ agrioiltura* buainesa* taadleai* anginearing

and taaehing* xt was than rapaatad on tha aaina paraona

af tar a tioa pariod of ona aidnth. tha ooaf f iciant of

raiiabiXity waa ealoulatad on tha basia of tart and rataat

aooraa for all tha thraa aealaa and it^was found aa ia

gi yan in tabla 3«d*

rroai tha aana data tha aplit half oo««f f ioiant of

eorvalation waa aiao i#orkad out* It ia alao gi^mn in

tabia S«6«

HB

Co«gticient W i i e b i U t y ot IMit and R « f t aog

tfff<^ ,,?PHt Half tfiytfly? ^, A^^t^yif ^ a ^ f i

SI* A»ia o€ Aetitodtt Ttttft 6 Rtftest Sp l i t Half H6« Reliability »ttli«bili^

i« Attittid* tovaxfia eopulotioii Sdiaeatloti

•79 #74

a. Attituda toiraida Copulation Co&8ci<nianeaa «69 •73

3« Attitude towaeds Sraall Pettily S im •72 •68

tp^m^ NO «xt«mal csttorion vaa availatola ao ac to i^alidattt

thasa att i tude aealea so thraa axtaxnal er i tarion m a

aatabliahad to yalidata a l l tha thraa axaaa of attittidaa*

21B oidar to knoir tHa oi^inion of ooat intimata friand^

oollaagua and wifa of the iMraona a lattojr waa addceaaed

to tha«i» (Appendix XZXK trho flrienda opinion* the

eolieagueo opinion uRia eought in eaea of 10 persona on

each of the three eeales# aeleeted a t randoa* Sveiy

poattihle e f fort ifaa nwda t o oake the eriterimi a va l id

neaeare* hy oontaetiag the person eoneemad in oonf idenee*

eaeplaining to then the ways end twana to attenpt i t and

eatabliahino nipport with than*

ft'

SB

corr«Xatiii9 th« seaie etsoteB of ««eh e««« ••peurattt3l7 with

the timlp of th» Pfoduot MoiMmt M»thod of Coi««Xatiofi*

The details axe given in t<^ie 3«7*

veliditF oo»ef f ieients of second yonnet of Attitude

SeeUui with rrlendo« Cblie99ue9 end wi e^e Opinion

Sim Area of the Attitude Coreeiation Corzeiation Oonreie* no* with with tion

frieade eollea^^uee with opinion opinion wife*e

opinion mmimi0mm»»mmmmmmmammmmmmmmimmmmmmmmmmmmmmtmmtmmmmammimmm — « — i » — w w — — » w » — i — « —

t« Attitude towacde Popaletion education

2« Attitude towarda s^puiation Ooneeioueneae

3* Attitude towacds Staaii raxnily Horn

*«6 •67 •6d

•67 •«9 •74

.7i •73 •S7

l l l l l H I I • < W W

the validity end reliability cO'-ef f ieiente of ell

the eealee wece found to be quite h i ^ eo ae to eetablieh

the reliability and validity of these tools* Its use«ibility

had already been esti^lished by administexing then e nuai»er

of titnes for proeeasing of these toole and ia^coviog upon

the language in e eyetesiatie w«y« eo it was finally used

in the seoond fomat for the investigation* It was got

87

eyclostsplad and used 09 sucsh (spsmtOiM XXXD* Thty lc«7

to «««liMat« thfS teal^s is •% AppwnftlJi XIV*

9*^ f^#aii^s^t^on of the tDoi»

i his part of Htm jMsMvdi is tli« tiost ImiTOftaiit

one* Picst of « U tho a«t«« in this investigation «as

to i»s coiXsetod fiom sach indiviauel end to contact such

e hags mxabsr of psopls in a District iilcs Hissar of

Hasyanaf whiOh (Sid not havs a good not of xoads and

rsilnay tcadlc» neadsd a tsan of worksrs to organiss this

aspset of ths study* Ths »sp of csvenus assa of district

Uissar shoving ths stations f eo» which ths saapls has iMMn

eollectsd is givsn on ths naxt smge* Ths invsstigatov

otganisad a tsa» of 4 tioxksrs* who hod thoir H*ed» dsoisa

in odacation with thsir dissertation work* Thssr vers

en^laiaad tho stadsr in o systsowtic way and also ths work to

bs dons tosr than* Ths objectiirea of doing so and aiao ths

pso^Jurs and tschniqua of coiXoctlng ths data was oKds

clear to thaw* This tsam had to visit sach individuai t»fi«s*

Thsy wars taken individuaXiy with tham to tan psraens idhoss

S9eio«»scono«io scjhsduXs was got fiiisd in hy ths invssti*

gator in thsir prsssnes* At first ths socio seonoaio

qnestionoairs was got filisd in from different individusis

as tmw been osploinsd $A Urn process of sampling above*

A good nuaber of interesting incidences were reveaied

by the co«worksrs* who by Chance happened to be the

oid stiidsnts of ths investigator aiso* A S the sanpie of

edoeated persons* nost of ths people obliged by doing

MAP OF HISAR DISTRICT

Scale i :700 ;000

0 7 l A k m s 1 I L

0 9 Miles

SANGRUR

f- -\.

r -\ ^ • v j

^ Q k h a l ^

J

J 6 • R a t i a

P'lrthala

cr. *

(

1

^FQtebQd • B a h u n a $

Jand l i Ulko?^a' Dhangar o , ,

• ^ Gorokhpur • Bodopal

« BhuUuUalan

? .y^ U ' L ^

.Sandalpur

• Adampur

• Agroha • Barwala

KhoW

• Jakhau( • » S I S W Q I

^ModaUhera

• LQharf \ J i N D Bugana « Ragho *

Narnaund •. • Dhan a s u

••Bhat la ^

HISAR

L -, Ba lsamand [chaudhriwast-

K a m r ^ Bos ) Sa t round A , , . / /• •-) ,' ^^ S u r k h \ ^.^

B H I W A N I

P'<J2 Map of t h e R e v e n u e A r e a of H I S A R

d i s t r i c t s h o w i n g the l o c a t i o n of s e l e c t i o n

of sannp le .

8,9

tiMi iMeAfuX iiiMdifttoly* Hotwv*r# thftc« w«x» nany iilio

mturiMd thtt eehwluXft att^r 3 or 4 irisita* SOIM did not

c«tum tha aeh* aeh«aiil« At all and thua had to hm

abandonad* 9hara vara aotaa i ^ apant tha poataga txom

their owi pockata to aand back tha quastioniiaira* ttm

axpariaaoaa were ao variad that noatly tha co-voskara ahd

tha invastioator «•<• aarvad with taa and with aiiaata

whan thajr viaitad than* soma wara ao indifCarant that

l iay did not co<-oparata and refktaad to fill in tha

infortnation* A good many of tha»« howavar wara parauadad

to do ao* Soma ranaxked that thay «(ould eonmslt aoma

friande and only than ratstixn tha achadule* Thare vmtm

aona who wara agitatad and told that tha Qovam<nant waa

a big fool and «qp>Xoying a nutzlbar of paraona aii^ply to

wasta tha oonay on tha collaction of aueh information*

fiona wara of tha viaw that tha information waa eollaetod

by thai Oowamnant on ona prataxt or tha othar and lotar

on uaad for fanily planning and atarliaatlon and aa mi€h

thay «K>uld not giva tha infortoation* soma of tha paraona

%Kmld not oo«oparata 9im the infortoation night be used by

tha ineotai taai or aalaa tax daparttaant* Aiqrway« thara wara

only f aw inatancaa whan tha invaatigator and hia taa« of

workara eana back ', With a bad taata in their aoitth and

that too without getting tha schedule filled in* The

achedulea were then proeeaaed and the individuala dropped

fron the aatvple aa haa bean explained i bove*

.90

Afft r tlM ««l«otion o£ til* saople^ tlMi teaa of

inrKftra agaiA irisittd th» oAl^ettd pmw&anB for the

sdmiaistratioB of the attitude ecales aafi loeue of

eoatxol scale* fhey« however* Ineleted that the peraone

should £iU io those in their praeeaoe and xetuxn that to

theo on the spot* they did so even if soae one paeonised to

do it on en other visit* HoMnn»r# there i»ere a few who

vented the eeaiee to be given to them and to he ooileeted

iater on* fhesr ware aupXaiood the procedure in person*

Soae of than promised to do the needful and did not oblige*

Soiae liara so nice that the r spent tiie postage fro» their

own pocket and retucned the sane to the investigator* M l

this took a period of three •onths to the investigator and

hie teae of i#oricers to eoUeet inletnation end odminister

the attitude scales on ^le sanple* Thers ties only tit

persons who had to be contacted laoxe than twice to collect

the infoxnation of the attftude ecalss*

The ecoring of x oens of control was done with the

help of the scoring key and thoss who had soderate extemel

and internal locos of control tiere weeded out* Ail those

who scored less than 37 ptt cent sedis and those who got

aors than t3 per cent eeores were selected and categorised

es persons having internal and evtetnal locus of control

re8!>ectively*

9.1

Xo e«Mi of tho0tt irtw had •xt«cn«il locos of control

end also thOMi who had iotarfiAi locus of oonexol th» S«D«

and taaans and signifleanea of diffavaDcad betnaan tha

naaaa vaa %t&tkmd out for diffaxant ovoiipa on all tha thxaa

vari«blaa of attitudaa* Tha data wm tttlxilatad* analyaadt

dlacusaed and aolantlfie Infavancea drawn thava fcon*

i!ha aaaa data wat than again arrangad in aeeoxdanea

with tha adneational bockgroand of thvaa lavala i«a»

iiatriculataa mvA ita aquivelanta taxnad as gtoup itt or

lowly adoeatad poraono^ gradisataa and thair aqnivalanta

taxMad aa gixnip XJ or aadiocra adnoatad paraona and po«t»

oradaataa and ita aqpnivalanta tamad aa group x or hi^fhly

aducatad parsons in avary ona of tha six occapationa* by

franing tablas on tha basia of aignificanea batwaon tha

taaana# on ail tha thraa attituda aealaa«

Again tha aatna attltu^ acalas within aaoh lava!

of aducational. atatus wara ao arrangad that thosa who had

ona or two ohildcan wara gsoupad int» ona unit i.a« SMall

faiiily aiaa paopla w i ^ thraa children t«ara gcoupad in

an othar unit i»a* nedium fatnily aiaa and thoaa having

four or aora childrsn wara tneda tha third ttoit# i»a* larga

faitily aiaa* ^hase groupa mada on tha basia of ntptsar of

children wara ooaparad within each aducatad Imml in

diffarant occupations and tha significance of diffarancaa

batwean tham waa found* Thaaa data wara than arrangad in

32

dittmemnt t«l»l«s« analysed* €li«ett«Md ao a* to find

out tha «l{iaifi€anea ot dlffaraneaa batwan thm naaoa*