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Social Studies 11

Politics and Government Chapters 9 & 10

Learning Targets, Chapter Terms and Practice Questions

Name: _____________________ Block: _____________________

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Knowledge Learning Targets I can define the following terms:

o Democracy o Lobbyist o Civil Disobedience o Ideology o Representative

Democracy o Socialism o Liberalism o Conservatism o Totalitarianism o Communism o Fascism o Political spectrum o Party platform o Patronage o Senate o Cabinet o House of Commons o Cabinet Solidarity o Order-in-Council

o Royal Assent o Party Whip o Party Discipline o Free Votes o Backbencher o Private Member‟s Bill o Majority

Government o Minority

Government o Coalition o Prorogue Parliament o Dissolve Parliament o Nomination o Enumeration o Balloting o Tabulating o First-Past-the-Post o Canadian

Constitution

o Canadian Bill of Rights

o Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

o Notwithstanding Clause

o Fundamental Freedoms

o Democratic Rights o Language Rights o Mobility Rights o Equality Rights o Minority Rights o Legal Rights o Amending Formula o Employment Equity o Reverse

discrimination

I can describe the different ways Canadians can participate in the political process: o Pressure groups o Lobbying o Media o Protest o Elections o Court actions

I can explain the difference between the different political ideologies:

o Socialism o Liberalism o Conservatism o Communism o Fascism

I can use the political spectrum to explain the differences between Canada‟s and BC‟s major political parties:

o NDP o Liberal Party o Conservative Party

o Bloc Québécois o Green Party

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I can explain how party politics work in Canada including: o Party Platforms o Patronage o Civil service and bureaucracy o PMO o PCO o Cabinet Solidarity o Party Loyalty

I can describe the structure and function of Canada‟s federal government:

o Executive o Legislative o Judicial

I can explain how legislation is passed in Canada:

o 3 readings o Royal Assent o Private member‟s bills o Free votes vs. party discipline o Orders-in-Council

I can explain the benefits and challenges of different types of government:

o Majority governments o Minority governments

I can describe elements of the electoral system in Canada:

o Candidates o Parties o Constituencies o Election campaigns o Voting o First-Past-the-Post

I can explain the development of Canada‟s Constitution and the importance of the following:

o Notwithstanding Clause o Amending formula

I can identify Charter Rights and Freedoms and give examples of each:

o Fundamental Freedoms o Democratic Rights o Mobility Rights

o Legal Rights o Equality Rights o Language Rights

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Chapter 9-10: Politics and Government

Part A: Foundations of Government Read p. 288-296. Complete the definitions and answer the questions. Democracy:

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Lobbyist: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Civil Disobedience: ______________________________________________________________________________

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1. How can citizens use „active citizenship‟ to influence government? (p. 290-291) ______________________________________________________________________________

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2. What are some issues that are important to Canadians? (p. 290) ______________________________________________________________________________

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3. How do special interest „pressure groups‟ influence government? (p. 291-292) ______________________________________________________________________________

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4. What kind of work is done by „lobbyists‟ and why are they considered controversial? (p. 293) ______________________________________________________________________________

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5. How does our court system help shape our society? Give some examples. (p. 294) ______________________________________________________________________________

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6. How is the media used by politicians? (p. 294) ______________________________________________________________________________

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7. How is media coverage both a “blessing and a curse‟? (p. 294) ______________________________________________________________________________

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8. What is an „attack ad‟? Why might politicians use negative attack ads instead of positive ones? (p. 294) ______________________________________________________________________________

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9. In your opinion, is it ever acceptable or justifiable practice „civil disobedience‟ as a way of protesting government actions? (p. 295) ______________________________________________________________________________

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10. What are the three principles governing “Civil Disobedience”? (p. 295) ______________________________________________________________________________

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Part B: The Political System in Canada Read p. 297-303. Complete the definitions and answer the questions. Ideology:

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Representative Democracy:

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Socialism:

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Liberalism:

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Conservatism:

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Totalitarianism:

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Communism:

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Fascism:

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Political Spectrum:

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Party platform:

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Patronage:

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1. Complete the table on „Political Ideologies‟ using point form. (p. 297-298)

Ideology: How did it develop? Main beliefs:

Liberalism

Conservatism

Socialism

Fascism

Communism

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2. Make a diagram to illustrate where the ideologies of Liberalism, Conservatism, Socialism, Fascism, and Communism fall on the Political Spectrum. (p. 299) 3. What are the basic principles of Left Wing, Centre, and Right Wing ideologies? (p. 299) Left Wing: ____________________________________________________________________

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Left Wing: ____________________________________________________________________

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Right Wing: ___________________________________________________________________

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4. What are the main policies, philosophies, and priorities of Canada‟s major political parties: Conservatives, Liberals, NDP, Bloc Québécois, Greens? (p. 299-300)

Party Policies/Philosophies/Priorities

Conservatives

Liberals

NDP

Bloc Québécois

Green Party

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5. Why do political parties publish „party platforms‟? (p. 300) ______________________________________________________________________________

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6. What are some of the positives and negatives about „party politics‟? (p. 301) ______________________________________________________________________________

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7. Why do politicians practice „patronage‟? (p. 301) ______________________________________________________________________________

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8. Explain why politics in BC are so polarized. (p. 302) ______________________________________________________________________________

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Part C: The Operation of Government Read p. 303-309. Complete the definitions and answer the questions. Senate:

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Cabinet:

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House of Commons:

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Cabinet Solidarity:

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Orders-in-Council:

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Royal Assent:

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Party Whip:

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Party Discipline:

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Free Votes:

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Backbenchers:

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Private Member‟s Bill: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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1a) Sketch out the structure of the federal government of Canada below. (see fig. 9-16 p. 304) 1b) What roles do the executive, legislative and judicial branches play in the government of Canada? (p. 304) ______________________________________________________________________________

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2. What is the main role of the senate, what qualities should senators have? (p. 303) ______________________________________________________________________________

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3. How are senators chosen? (p 304) ______________________________________________________________________________

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4. How does the government pay for its programs? (p. 305) _____________________________________________________________________________________________

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5. Who carries out the actual work of government? (p. 305) ______________________________________________________________________________

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6. What powers does the Prime Minister of Canada have? (p. 306) ______________________________________________________________________________

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7. What do Cabinet Ministers do? (p. 306) ______________________________________________________________________________

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8. Describe the role of the PMO and the PCO. What issues arise from these two offices? (p. 306) ______________________________________________________________________________

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9. Why would „Orders-in-Council‟ be seen as being undemocratic? (p. 307) ______________________________________________________________________________

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10. Describe the steps required for a bill to become a law, be sure to outline what happens during each of the three readings in the House of Commons. (p. 308) ______________________________________________________________________________

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11. How do political parties ensure support among their members? (p. 309) ______________________________________________________________________________

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______________________________________________________________________________ 12. When might „free votes‟ occur in the House of Commons? (p. 309) ______________________________________________________________________________

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13. Who initiates „private member‟s bills‟ and why are they harder to pass into law? (p. 309) ______________________________________________________________________________

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Part D: Legislation and the Electoral System Read p. 310-317. Complete the definitions and answer the questions. Majority Government: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Minority Government: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Coalition: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Prorogue Parliament: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Dissolve Parliament: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Nomination: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Enumeration: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Balloting: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Tabulating: ______________________________________________________________________________

First-Past-the-Post: ______________________________________________________________________________

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1. Outline the advantages and disadvantages of majority and minority governments. (p. 310)

Government Type: Advantages: Disadvantages:

Majority Government

Minority Government

2. Under what circumstances might a „coalition‟ government form in Canada? Provide an example. (p. 310) ______________________________________________________________________________

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3. What happens when the Prime Minister „prorogues‟ Parliament? (p. 311) ______________________________________________________________________________

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4. Under what circumstances might Parliament be dissolved? (p. 311) ______________________________________________________________________________

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5. Draw a diagram with some brief notes describing the steps in a federal election in Canada. (see Fig. 9-25 on p. 314) 6. How are electoral districts determined? What other names are used for electoral districts? (p.

313)

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7. How are the leaders of political parties in Canada chosen? (p. 313)

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8. How are candidates chosen to represent political parties in elections and what qualities must

they possess? (p. 314)

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9. What are party platforms and why are they important? (p. 314)

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10. Why are public opinion polls valuable to political parties? (. 315)

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11. Explain the positives and negatives for FPTP (first-past-the-post) and STV (single

transferable vote). What type of system does Canada have? (p. 317)

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Part E: The Constitution and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms Read p. 328-342. Complete the definitions and answer the questions. Constitution Lecture Notes: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Canadian Constitution: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Canadian Bill of Rights: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Notwithstanding Clause: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Fundamental Freedoms: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Democratic Rights: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Language Rights: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Mobility Rights: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Equality Rights: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Minority Rights: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Legal Rights: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Amending Formula: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Employment Equity: ______________________________________________________________________________

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Reverse discrimination:

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1. How was the Canadian Bill of Rights different from the Charter of Rights and Freedoms? (p. 328) ______________________________________________________________________________

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2. When did the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms become part of the Canadian Constitution? (p. 328) ______________________________________________________________________________

3. What does the Charter of Rights and Freedoms protect for Canadians? (p. 330) ______________________________________________________________________________

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4. Describe the „reasonable limits‟ clause in the Charter. (p. 330) ______________________________________________________________________________

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5. Why was the „notwithstanding clause‟ included in the Charter? (p. 330) ______________________________________________________________________________

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6. Give an example of each of the following Charter Rights (p. 331-334): Fundamental Freedom: ______________________________________________________________________________

Democratic Right: ______________________________________________________________________________

Mobility Right: ______________________________________________________________________________

Legal Right: ______________________________________________________________________________

Equality Right: ______________________________________________________________________________

Language right: ______________________________________________________________________________

7. What is the focus of the Supreme Court of Canada? (p. 336) ______________________________________________________________________________

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8. How do Supreme Court decisions affect our rights as Canadians? (p. 336) ______________________________________________________________________________

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9. How has the Charter helped gain human rights recognition for Aboriginal Peoples? Provide an example. (p. 339-340) ______________________________________________________________________________

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10. What are some of the challenges Canadian women face in gaining equality in the workplace? (p. 341) ______________________________________________________________________________

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11. What are „job ghettos‟ and what has been done about this type of discrimination? (p. 342) ______________________________________________________________________________

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12. What challenges exist regarding equal pay for equal work? (p. 342) ______________________________________________________________________________

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13. What problem do critics have with affirmative action policies? (p. 342) ______________________________________________________________________________

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