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chapters 27 & 28 environmental microbiology & applied & industrial microbiology

Chapters 27 & 28 environmental microbiology & applied & industrial microbiology

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chapters 27 & 28environmental microbiology

&applied & industrial

microbiology

microbial diversity and habitats• habitat diversity

– unique C and E sources– metabolic strategies

• fermentation respiration• heterotrophy phototrophy• symbioses

– ruminants– mycorrhizae

– extreme environments• pH• temperature• salinity• pressure

biogeochemical cycling: the carbon cycle

biogeochemical cycling: the nitrogen cycle

nitrogen fixation

biogeochemical cycling: the sulfur cycle

life without sunshine

H2S

SO42–

microbial decomposition

composting & bioconversion

Chapter 27 learning objectives1. Discuss the metabolic strategies and environments that

make microbes more versatile than multicellular organisms.

2. Discuss the roles of bacteria in nitrogen, carbon and sulfur cycling. What are the basic steps in these processes?

3. Who fixes nitrogen, and why are there so few types of organisms that do?

4. Discuss the role of the chemoautotroph in extreme environments.

5. Define and discuss bioremediation and bioaugmentation.6. Discuss composting and bioconversion. Contrast the

different types of fuels made during bioconversion.

Chapter 28

microbial water pollution

MUG fluorescent compound-glucuronidase

ONPG ONP (yellow)- galactosidase

food preservation

microorganisms in food production

bioreactors

industrial products

Chapter 28 learning objectives

1. How are microorganisms used to indicate water pollution?

2. Generally, how are foods treated to avoid spoilage?

3. How are microbes involved in cheese, bread, alcohol and thickener production?

4. How are microbes used in industry?5. Discuss primary and secondary metabolites and

how the terms bioreactors, trophophase and idiophase relate to the production of these metabolites.