Chapter09.Motivation

8/2/2019 Chapter09.Motivation

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For internal circulation of BSNL only

MOTIVATION

E2-E3

Management


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WELCOME

This is a presentation for the E2-E3

Management Module for the Topic:

MOTIVATION

Eligibility: Those who have got the Upgradation

from E2 to E3.

This presentation is last updated on 15-3-2011.

You can also visit the Digital library of BSNL to

see this topic.


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Learning Objective

Understand Motivation

Know important motivational concepts & theories

Tips for motivation

Application of these concepts in BSNL


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What is Motivation?

Motivation is the willingness to do somethingand is conditioned by the desire to satisfy someneed of the individual, (A need in ourterminology is some internal state that makescertain outcomes appear attractive). People whohave motivation exert more ortake efforts toperform better than those who are notmotivated.

Job performance =Ability x Motivation


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SIMILARITIES???

Difference between motivation, satisfaction,inspiration and manipulation.

Satisfaction is contentment.

Inspiration is discreet and brings about a changein thinking pattern.

Manipulation is done a predetermined way(often

negative).


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Expectations beyond Money

Control of their work:

the ability to impact decisions;

setting clear and measurable goals;

clear responsibility for a complete, or at leastdefined, task;

job enrichment and recognition for

achievement.To belong to the in-crowd


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Expectations beyond Money

The opportunity for growth and development:

education and training;

career paths;

team participation; cross-training; and

field trips to successful workplaces.

Leadership

Recognition



PROCESS OF MOTIVATION

NEED GET SATISFIED

REWARDS

PERFORMANCE

GOALS AND INCENTIVES DRIVE

OPPORTUNITY

EFFORT

TENSION TO PERFORM

NEEDS IN AN ENVIRONMENT SETTING



THEORIES OF MOTIVATION

Many theoretical concepts

Some based on empirical findings



CONTRIBUTION OF ROBERT OWEN

Men were similar to machines

They work good if good care is taken



JEREMY BENTHAMS

THE CARROT AND THE STICK APPROACH

Carrot of money, promotion, etc

Stick of fear, harm, etc



ABRAHAM MASLOWS NEED

HIERARCHY THEORY

SELF-ACTUALIZATION

ESTEEM NEEDS

SOCIAL NEEDS

SECURITY NEEDS

PHSYIOLOGICAL NEEDS

HIERARCHY OF NEEDS IN FORM OF A PYRAMID



PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS

FOODWATER

WARMTH

SHELTER

SLEEP

MEDICINEEDUCATION



SECURITY OR SAFETY NEEDS

Fear of loosing jobFear of loosing property

Emotional protection

Need of being safe from injury

Need for protection against arbitrary deprivation

and



SOCIAL NEEDS

Need for belongingness

Need for association

Need for acceptance of ones fellows

Need for giving and receiving friendship



ESTEEM NEEDS

Autonomy

Achievement

Self esteem and esteem for others

Self respect and respect for others

A feeling of personal worth

Adequacy and competence

Admiration

Recognition

Status

Need for appreciations



NEED FOR SELF-ACTUALIZATION

Growth

Achieving ones potential

Self fulfillment

Need for continued self-development

Need for being creative



FREDRICK HERZBERGS MOTIVATION-HYGIENETHEORY

Two different independent categories of factors influenceindividual motivation and job satisfaction.

Rules, policies, working conditions, supervision, inter-

personal relations, technical instructions and security wereconsidered to be hygienic factors.

These factors when they are absent increase workers

dissatisfactions with their job.

When present, these factors serve to prevent job

dissatisfaction but do not result in positive satisfaction and

motivation.

F C B G S O O HYGIENE



FREDRICK HERZBERGS MOTIVATION-HYGIENETHEORY

To motivate motivators like

Job rotation

Job enlargement (horizontally expanding)

Job enrichment (vertical loading)

CONTRIBUTIONS OF



CONTRIBUTIONS OFELTON MAYO

Hawthorne experiments

People are motivated by not only pay and

conditions

Need of belongingness are important

Attitude is influenced by group

OO S C C C



VROOMS VALENCE EXPECTANCY

THEORYAlso be termed as rational-man theory to

motivation.

A person is perceived as a rationally calculating

entity who evaluates the potential reward to begained from behaviour before he/she initiatesactivity.

The expectancy theory relies on three majorconcepts valence, instrumentality andexpectancy.



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THEORY

Valence refers to the relative importance that agoal has for an individual.

Instrumentality refers to the probability that a

person will estimate that the achievement of anorganizational goal will lead directly to a desiredpersonal goal.

Expectancy is the probability that an individualseffort will achieve his or the organizational goal, asperceived by the individual.

TYPES OF MOTIVATION


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TYPES OF MOTIVATION

Affiliation MotivationCompetence Motivation

Power Motivation

Attitude Motivation

Incentive Motivation

Fear Motivation

BEING A MOTIVATION MANAGER


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BEING A MOTIVATION MANAGER

Treat staff well

Think like a winner

Recognize the differences

Set realistic goals

Prevent demonization

Job-financial enrichment and small jobchanges are handy

Non-financial rewards


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Tips for Motivation

Motivating employees starts with motivating

yourself

Always work to align goals of the organizationwith goals of employees

Key to supporting the motivation of youremployees is understanding what motivates eachof them

Recognize that supporting employee motivation isa process, not a task

Support employee motivation by usingorganizational systems


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Tips for Motivation

Build a foundationCreate a positive environment

Put people on the right path

Educate the masses

Celebrate, Dont forget the fun

Acknowledge contributions

Provide incentives

Honor your promises


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Tips for Motivation

Match tasks to talents

Establish goals that are SMARTER

Clearly convey how employee results contribute toorganizational results

Let employees hear from their customers (internalor external

Have one-on-one meetings with each employee

Cultivate strong skills in delegationAdmit to yourself (and to an appropriate someone

else) if you don't like an employee

Application of motivational concepts in


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Application of motivational concepts inBSNL Physiological

SalaryRisk allowance to employees working in

remote areas

Winter clothing for those working in lowtemperature ambience

Various loans and advances such as HBAetc

Canteen facilities.Rest rooms.



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Application of motivational concepts inBSNL Safety

Pension benefits (for self and family)

BSNL MRS

Group insurance and GPF

Congenial working atmosphere

Safety and protective devices like shoes,umbrella etc

Application of motivational concepts


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Application of motivational conceptsin BSNL Love

LTC

Recreational facilities and financial support forexcursions etc

In-house magazines for encouraging literarytalents

Welfare board for employee welfare such asscholarships for the children of

employees to various educational programmes



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Application of motivational concepts inBSNL Esteem

Socially acceptable designations and authority.

Developed residential colonies.

Best employee awards

Incentive schemes and cash awards


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Conclusion

No theory is universal. Motivation is an art tobe practiced rather than a science.

Nature has created human beings in such a

variety of mental make up that for motivating aperson a complete study of his personality isneeded.


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Documents

Chapter09.Motivation