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Chapter Resources. Click on one of the following icons to go to that resource. glencoe.com. Image Bank. Foldables. Video Clips and Animations. Chapter Summary. Chapter Review Questions. Standardized Test Practice. glencoe.com. Image Bank. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Chapter ResourcesChapter Resources
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glencoe.com
Image Bank
Foldables
Video Clips and Animations
Standardized Test Practice
Chapter Review Questions
Chapter Summary
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Click on individual thumbnail images to view larger versions.
Image BankImage Bank
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To transfer images to your own power point follow the following steps:
• Open the “Resource” file from the CD-ROM disc – view the file in the “normal view” or “slide sorter view” mode - go to slide #2 – from there you can click through the images and follow these instructions. Click once on the image.
• Copy the image
• Go to your own power point document
• Paste the image.
Transfer Images
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Cooling Lava
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Mineral Fluorite
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Pyrite (Fool’s Gold)
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Mineral Streak
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Table – Mohs Scale
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Rocks from Lava
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Rocks from Magma
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Sedimentary Rock
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Sandstone Rock
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Limestone and Marble
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Quartzite
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Ocean Lava
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FoldablesFoldables
Rocks and Minerals
Make the following Foldable to compare and contrast the characteristics of rocks and minerals.
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FoldablesFoldables
Fold one sheet of paper lengthwise.
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FoldablesFoldables
Fold into thirds.
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FoldablesFoldables
Unfold and draw overlapping ovals. Cut the top sheet along the folds.
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FoldablesFoldables
Label the ovals as shown.
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FoldablesFoldables
As you read the chapter, list the characteristics unique to rocks under the left tab, those unique to minerals under the right tab, those characteristics common to both under the middle tab.
Construct a Venn Diagram
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Video ClipsVideo Clips
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11
• Minerals are inorganic solid materials found in nature. They have a definite chemical makeup, and an orderly arrangement of atoms. Rocks are combinations of two or more minerals.
Minerals – Earth’s Jewels
• Physical properties of minerals are observed to help identify them.
Reviewing Main IdeasReviewing Main Ideas
• Gems are minerals that are rare and beautiful. • Ores of useful materials must be mined and
processed to extract the desired substance.
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22
• Igneous rocks form when melted rock material from inside Earth cools and hardens. Extrusive rocks form above Earth’s surface. Intrusive rocks solidify beneath the surface.
Igneous and Sedimentary Rocks
• Sedimentary rocks formed from mineral or rock fragments are called detrital rocks.
Reviewing Main IdeasReviewing Main Ideas
• Rocks formed as mineral-rich water evaporates are examples of chemical rocks. Rocks composed of fossils or plant remains are organic rocks.
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33
• Metamorphic rocks form as a result of changing temperature, pressure, and fluid conditions inside Earth.
Metamorphic Rocks and the Rock Cycle
• The rock cycle describes how all rocks are subject to constant change.
Reviewing Main IdeasReviewing Main Ideas
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Question 1
Explain how sediment becomes sedimentary rock.
PS 2.2g
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Answer
Sediment is pieces of broken rock, shells, mineral grains, and other materials that are deposited deep in the ocean, where it piles up over time. As more layers of sediment pile up, the layers underneath are compacted. Water flows through the sediment and acts like glue. It is the compacted layers that eventually become sedimentary rock.
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Question 2
Which changes metamorphic rock into sediment?
A. compaction and cementationB. heat and pressureC. meltingD. weathering and erosion
PS 2.2g
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Answer
The answer is D. Over time, weathering and erosion change metamorphic rock back into sediment.
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Question 3
List the different properties that are used to identify minerals.
Answer
Crystal, cleavage and fracture, color, streak and luster, hardness, and specific gravity are used to identify minerals.
PS 2.1e
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Question 4Rank the four minerals from softest to hardest.
Mineral Fingernail 2.5
Copper penny 3.0
Glass 5.5
Quartz Y Y Y
Talc N N N
Flourite Y Y N
Gypsum Y N N
PS 2.1e
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Answer
The correct order is: talc, gypsum, fluorite, and quartz.
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Question 5
Explain why intrusive igneous rocks have large, visible crystals.
PS 2.2g
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Chapter ReviewChapter Review
Answer
Intrusive igneous rocks are formed by magma that is forced upward toward Earth’s surface, but never reaches it. The hot magma sits under the surface and cools very slowly. The cooling is so slow that the minerals in magma have time to form large crystals.
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Question 1
When a mineral splits into pieces with smooth, regular planes, it is said to have _______.
A. cleavageB. crystalsC. lusterD. specific gravity
PS 2.1e
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Answer
The answer is A. Cleavage is a way that rock can break. When rocks break with smooth, regular planes, they have cleavage. Rocks that break into pieces with jagged, rough edges, fracture.
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Question 2
What type of rock is formed after a geyser erupts?
A. chemical rocksB. detrital rocksC. organic rocksD. volcanic rocks
PS 2.2h
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Answer
The answer is A. When a geyser erupts, mineral-rich water evaporates. The minerals are left behind and they eventually form chemical rocks.
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Question 3
Where do extrusive igneous rocks form?
A. Earth’s surfaceB. inside EarthC. waterD. space
PS 2.2g
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Answer
The answer is A. Extrusive igneous rocks form when melted rock material cools on Earth’s surface.
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Question 4
Which is most abundant in Earth’s crust?
A. calciteB. feldsparC. haliteD. silica
PS 2.1c
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Answer
The answer is B. Feldspar is a type of silicate mineral.
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Question 5
Which is a mineral sold for profit?
A. gemB. graniteC. rockD. ore
PS 2.1e
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Standardized Test PracticeStandardized Test Practice
Answer
The correct answer is D. A mineral that contains a useful substance that can be sold for profit is called an ore.
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