CHAPTER- Ill

CONTROL MECHANISM OF RAILWAY MINISTRY. RAILWAY BOARD.

ZONAL RAILWAYS AND DIVISIOANL RAILWAY MANAGERS

The control mechanism of the Railway Administration of Indian

Railways is a three tier system.

The Railway Board in Delhi is the apex body, legally competent

to take any decision relating to any matter concerning the Railway

administration for smooth, efficient and effective functioning.

The chairman of the Railway Board is the top most officer of the

Railway administration. The chairman and all the Board members are

the jewels and assets to the nation.

Ennumerated here below a table showing the Railway Ministry

and Railway Board in New Delhi, the General Managers in the

respective Zonal Railways and the respective Divisional Railway

Managers who are all strongly welded under an unitary control and ,

command of the Railway Board, functioning efficiently and effectively

with common objective and common goal.

----------- Page- 68------------

CONTROL MECHANISM OF INDIAN RIALWAY: UNITARY CONTROL AND COMMAND

ORGANISATION STRUCTURE [MINISTER OF RIALWAYSI

MINISTER OF STATE MINISTER OF STATE I FOR RAILWAYS- MSR(A) FOR RAILWAYS- MSR(B)

1 7

RAILWAY BOARD! .l.

I CHAIRMAN RL y BOARq t

* t ~ t ~ * Member Member Member Member I Member Financial

Electrical Staff Engineering Mechanical Traffic Commissioner

~ J, ~ 1 ~

Director General Director General Estt. I Admt. Rly Health Service RPF Matters I Matters

--Secretary

GENERALMANAGERS ~------~ Zonal Railways (Old) New Zonal Railways Production Units Other Production Lnits

I General Manager) I OSD (Officer on General Manager I General Manage~ Special duty)

I. 2. ~

.L

Central Eastern Northern

I 0. East Central I I . East Coast 12. North Central·

4. North-eastern 13. North Western, 5. North East Frontier 14. South East Central 6. Southern 15. South Western 7. South Central 16. West Central 8. South Eastern 9. Western

17. Chittaranjan Loco Motive Works

18. Diesel Locomotive Works

19. Integral Coach Factory 20. Rail Coach Factory 21. Wheel and Axle Plant

Source: Indian Railway Journal August- 2002, Published by the Ministry of Railways & Railway Board. New Delhi- 110002

-------------------------- Page-69

22. NF Railway Construction

23. Metro Railway Kolkata

24. Central Org. for Rly Electricied

DIRECTOR GENERAL 25. RDSO Lucknow 26. Rly staff collage

Bododare 27. Central Org. for moder­

nization of workshop

LEGAL MEANING OF ZONAL RAILWAYS AND GENERAL

MANAGER

Zonal Railways : Chapter- II of Section 3 and sub sec : 1, 2, 3

& 4 Railway Act 1989, envisages as under:

1. "The Central Government may, for the purpose of the

efficient administration of the Government Railways, by

notification, constitute such Railways into as many Zonal

Railways as it may . deem fit and specify in such

notification the names and headquarters of such Zonal

Railways as the areas in respect of which they shall

exercise jurisdiction.

2. The Zonal Railways existing immediately before the

commencement of this Act shall be deemed to be Zonal

Railways, constituted under sub-section (1)

3. The Central Govt. may, by notification, declare any unit of

the Railways engaged 1n research, development

designing, construction or production of rolling stock, its

parts or other equipment used on a Railway, to be a Zonal

Railway.

4. The Central Govt. may, by notification, abolish any Zonal

Railway or constitute any new Zonal Railway out of any

existing Zonal Railway or Zonal Railways, change the

name or headquarters of any Zonal Railway or determine

the areas in respect of which a Zonal Railway shall

exercise jurisdiction.

-----------Page -70-----------

"Railway Administration" : - Section 2 Sub-section 32(a) defines

"Railway administration" in relation to : -

(a) " a Government railway, means the General Manager

of a Zonal Railway and

(b) a non-government railway, means the person who is

the owner or lessee of the railway or the person

working the Railway under an agreement.

LEGAL MEANING OF RAILWAY

Under sub-section 31 of section 2 of Rly (Second Amendment)

Act. 2003 (51 of 2003) Railway means a Rly or any portion of

the Railway, for the public carriage of passengers or goods and

includes : -

a. All lands within the fences or other boundary makes

including the limits of the land appurtenant to a railway.

b. All line of rails, siding or yards, or branches used for the

purpose of or in connection with a railway.

c. All electric traction equipments, power supply and•

distribution installations used for the purpose of, or in

connection with, a railway.

d. All rolling stock, stations, offices, warehouses, wharves,

workshops, manufactories, fixed plant and machinery,

----------- Page -71

roads and streets, running rooms, rest houses, institutes,

hospitals, water works, water supply installations, staff

dwellings and any other works, constructed for the

purpose of or in connection with, railway.

e. All vehicles which are used on any road for the purpose of

traffic of a railway and owned, hired or worked by the

Railway and .

All ferries, ships, boats and rafts which are used in any

canal, river, lake or other navigable island waters for the

purpose of the traffic of a Rly owned, hired or worked by a

railway administration but does not include-

1. A tramway wholly within the municipal area and

11. Lines of rails built in any exhibition ground, fair, park

or any other place solely for the purpose of

recreation.

Further section 4 Sub-section 1 & 2 of Railway Act 1989 deals

with the "Appointment of General Manager" which envisages as

under : - (1) " The Central Govt. shall, by notification, appoint a

person to be the General Manager of a Zonal Railway.

(2) The General superintendence and control of a Zonal

Railway shall vast in the General Manager.

----------- Page -72-----------

1.

2.

3.

SYNOPSIS OF GENERAL MANAGERS

Total number of Zonal Railway (Old) 9 Zones 40 Divisions

manned by General Managers.

Total number of newly created Zonal 7 Zones 24 New Divisions

Railways manned by General Manager

Total 16 Zones 64 Divisions

Total number of Production units 8 X

manned by the General Managers

Total Zones manned by General Manager = 16

Total Production units manned by General Manager = 8

Grand Total

Total member of units manned

by the Director General

RDSO Lucknow (UP),

Railway staff college

Bododara (Gujrat)

Central Organization for

modernization of workshop

Manned by GM = 24

manned by DG (Director General)

manned by DG (Director General)

manned by DG (Director General)

----------- Page -73-----------

CONTROL MECHANISM OF ZONAL RAILWAYS

!GENERAL MANAGER (GM)\

t ~dditional General Manager (AGM)\

l ~nior Deputy General Manager (Sr. DGM)

ASSISTED BY THE FOLLOWING

OFFICERS IN. THE ZONAL RAILWAYS

Principal Officials under administration control of General

Manager in the head quarter of General Manager.

1. Chief Operating Manager (COM)

2. Chief Mechanical Manager (CME)

3. Principal Chief Engineer (PCE)

4. Chief Electrical Engineer (CEE)

5. Financial Adviser & Chief Accounts Officer (FA & CAO)

6. Chief signal & Telecom Engineer (CSTE)

7. Controller of stores (COS)

8. Chief security commissioner (CSC)

9. Chief Safety Officer (CSO)

10. Chief Commercial Manager (CCM)

11. Chief Personal Officer (CPO)

12. Chief Medical Director (CMD)

13. Principal Director of Audit (PDA)

14. Chief Public Relation Officer (CPRO)

Source : Library S. E. Rly & CPRO Garden Reach, Kolkata collected from different Railway Magazins & other records, published by the Ministry of Railways, Rly. Board, New Delhi.

----------- Page -74------------

CONTROL MECHNISM OF ZONAL RAILWAYS' HEADQUARTS

Zonal Railways (Old) and new manned by the General

Managers with the names of the respective headquarters and the

name of the divisions.

r_ ~ri.-T/ z anal Railways Head Name of the Tot~ i No. : '

3

14

5

6

7

-1 N orthern R

E R

ts R

ailway

astern ailway

outh Eastern ailway

-·-----·

:c I !

I

entral Railway

estern w R ailway _

N R

N R

orth ailway

orth ailway

Frontier

Eastern

Quarters

New Delhi

Kolkata

Kolkata Garden Reach

Mumbai

Mumbai

Guwahati

Gorakhpur

-.,.------------ Page- 75

Divisions Divisions I --- ---

Ambala, New Delhi, 05 Firozpur, Lucknow,

Moradabad --

Sealdah, Howrah, 04 Asansol & Maida

-----

Chakradharpur, 04 I

Kharagpur (including Shalimar)

Adra and Ranchi -- ------

Mumbai, Bhusabal, 05 Nagpur, Solanpur

and Pune --

Mumbai, Badodara, 05 Ratlam, Rajkot,

Bhavnagar

Katihar Jn, 05 Alipurduar Jn. Lumding Jn. Tinsukia Jn. Maligaon Jn.

--lzzatnagar, 03

Lucknow and Varanasi

South Central I s€cundra- Secundrabad, 04 Railway bad Hydrabad,

i Vijaywada, I Guntakal

8

9 Southern Chennai Chennai, Polghat 05 Railway Jn., Trivandram

L Central, Maduri Jn.

& Tiruchirapally

To tal ?onal Rlys (Old) 9+ TOTAL 40 + Divisions

.. Source : lnd1an Ra1lway Journal of August 2002 Published by the M1n1stry of Railways

(Railway Board) New Delhi 110002.

CONTROL MECHNISM OF THE NEWLY CR.EATED, ZONAL RAILWAYS HEADQUARTS

Creation of New Zonal Railways manned by the General

Managers with the names of respective headquarters and the names

of the divisions.

- - r----- --- ·r -- --- --Sri. ronal Railways I Head

--1----~

Name of the TotaiJ No. 1 Quarteffi Divisions Divisions

------ _]__

B/F 40 I r---- --~··- --

10 West Central Jabalpur Jabalpur, Bhopal 03 Railway (C. Rly) Kota (W.

Rly)

11 North Western Joipur Jodhpur, Bikaner 04 Railway (N. Rly) Joipur,

Ajmer (W.R)

12 South East Bilaspur Bilaspur, Nagpur 03 Central Railway (S.E.R) Raipur

(New Divn. From S.E. Rly)

TOTAL (New) Zonal Rlys - 3 + TOTAL 50+ Divisions

-----

----------- Page -76------------

8/F 50+

13 East Coast Rly. Bhubanes Khurda Road, 03 war Waltair Sambalpur

(S. E. Rly)

14 East Central Hazipur Sonpur, Samastipur 05 Rly (N. E. Rly),

Danapur, Mugalsarai and

Dhanpur (E. Rly) r-------- --\- - -- -- ---

I

15 i North Central Allahabad Allahabad (N. Rly) 03 Railway Jhansi (C. Rly)

Agra (New Divn. From C. Rly)

-16 South Western Hubli Banglore, Mysore 03

Railway (S. Rly) and Hubli (S. C. Rly)

TOTAL (New) Zonal Rlys = 7 Grand Total 64 GRAND TOTAL 9 + 7 = 16 Divisions

. Source _- Indian Railway Journal August 2002 published by the Ministry of Railways (Railway Board) New Delhi- 110002.

NAMES OF THE DIFFERENT PRODUCTION UNITS MANNED BY

THE GENERAL MANAGERS I DIRECTOH GENERAL OF THE

INDIAN RAILWAYS. (GMs- 8, DGs- 3)

~ ----,---

Sri. No. I Name of the Production Unit Manned by GM I

1 Chittaranjan Locomotive Works, GM Chittaranjuan

2 Diesel Locomotive works, GM Varanasi

3 Integral Coach factory, Perambur GM

4 Rail Coach Factory GM

5 Wheel and Axle Plant GM j__ I

----------Page -77-----------

---

~----6--- -~F. Railway (Constr~cbon) GM

17 ! Metro Railway Kolk~t~--- GM r- 8 ! Central Organisatio;;-f;~ailway I GM Electrification

a. RDSO, Lucknow (UP) DG I

b_ i Railway Staff College Bododara ! (Gujrat)

DG

r- C. . Central Organisation for

L __ ___ _l modernization <?f Work __ s_h_o_P __ ----'--------

DG

Source : Indian Railway Journal for August 2002, published by the Ministry of Railways (Railway Board) New Delhi- 11 0002_

CONTROL MECHANISM OF THE RAILWAY DIVISIONS OF THE

INDIAN RAILWAYS

IDivision~iJway Manage~

[Add I. Divisional Railway Manage~

V\ssisted by the following officers :/

Senior Officers under the control of Divisional Railway Manager in a

division.

1. Senior Divisional Operating Manager

2. Senior Divisional Commercial Manager

---------- Page- 78

(Sr. DOM)

(Sr. DCM)

3. Senior Divisional Engineer Co-ord Sr. DEN

4. Senior Divisional Mechanical Engineer Sr. DME

5. Senior Accounts Officer Sr. DAO

6. Senior Electrical Engineer I TRD Sr. DEEITRD

7. Senior Electrical Engineer I OP Sr. DEEIOP

8. Senior Electronic Data Processing Sr. DPMI(Eiectronic) Manager

9. Sr. Divisional Controller of Stores Sr. DCS

10. Sr. Divisional Engineer I L -1 Sr. DEN (L-1)

11. Sr. Divisional Engineer I L- Ul Sr. DEN (L-111)

12. Sr. Divisional Engineer I L-IV Sr. DEN (L-IV)

13. Divisional Safety Officer Sr. DSO

14. Senior Personal Officer Sr. DPO

15. Senior Divisional Security Commissioners Sr. DSC

16. Senior Divisional Signal & Telecom Engineer Sr. DSTE

17. Chief Medical Officer CMO

Source : Railway year book 93 of S. E. Railway, Calcutta from SER Library.

The Divisional Railway Manager is the head of a division. He is

assisted by a group of experienced Senior Officers and Engineers,

each hold charge of a specific department.

----------- Page -79-----------

As already discussed in the just earlier, Chapter - Ill, the

division of a Railway system plays a very vital role. Division always

works in the grass root level.

The senior officers get sufficient scope to get in touch with the

working force on the ground level. These officers in day to day work,

can l)llderstand the various problems faced by them and sorted out at

the spot to the extent it is possible for better and smooth functioning

of the division.

General Manager is the head. of the Zonal Railways. He is

normally assisted by a group of Principal Officers as per table

projected earlier, besides AGM and Sr. DGM.

In some Zonal Railways, when the construction work resumes

either for laying Railway track or signal or Electrification etc some

other principal officers are deployed under the control and command

of the General Manager as under:

1. Chief Administrative Officer I Construction.

2. Chief Electtical Engineer I Construction.

3. Financial Adviser and Chief Accounts Officer I

Construction.

4. Chief Signa! & Telecom Engineer I Construction

----------- Page- 80

This apart, where there exists Railway service commission then

this also placed under the control of GM with his designation

being the Chairman, Railway service commission .......... .

DIVISIONAL RAILWAY MANAGER IN-CHARGE OF A DIVISION

Each of the Railway divisions is headed by a Senior Officer, by

desig·nation, Divisional Railway Manager. He is assisted by a group of

subordinate experienced Officers of different branches under his

direct administrative control.

He is an intelligent, effective and efficient representative - not

only of the General Manager of the Zonal Railways, but also of the

Railway Board as he functions in the grass root level of the division,

directly acquintented with the various problems faced by the division.

Therefore, he can aptly be termed like that of a Governor of a state,

a representative of the President, dealing with multi - problems of the

division.

The. common belief is that in a division, the Divisional Railway

Manager is known as the General Manager, but though it is not, he is

the most Senior experienced Officer of the division, well conversant

with the pros and cons of the important problems of all the respective

branches under his administrative control. Being the only decision

----'----------- Page- 81

making officer in the division, he keeps constant vigil and maintains

an effective supervision for the smooth running of the division under

his charge.

Another issue requires mention that the geographical area of

the Railway division, according to some senior Police and RPF

Officers, should be divided and designed at per with the district area

of the state for effective control of Railway crime - particularly in

regard to the prevention of crime committed by inter-state criminals.

The feasibility, though appears absurd, requires examination by the

experts.

The geographical area of a Railway division is unlike the area of

a district in a state. The Railway division may be spread over in more

than one districts of a state and may even extend in other state; but

surely under the same Railway Zone.

RAILWAY CONTROL ROOM FUNCTIONS ROUND THE CLOCK

Modernized control room functions round the clock in the

Railway Board, Zonal head quarters of the General Managers and

also in all the head quarters of Divisional Railway Managers of the

Indian Railways. Experienced expert technocrats are also deployed

round the clock to keep the communication system alive. During the

----------- Page-82------------

research work occas1ons were there to see the control rooms of

Howrah, Sealdah, Garden Reach, Bhubaneswar and Chennai.

Control Room is a vital installation. It is the heart of the

Railways sophisticated communication system. It is guarded round

the clock by RPF personals.

It 1s normally commissioned in a spec1ous air conditioned

building, having multi cubicals, occupied by the section controllers,

besides such other small apartments for different departments of the

Railways.

Each apartment is segregated from others. Sound energy of

loud voice soon gets decipated. The concept is that the soundless

apartments enhances concentration of work. No irritation prevails. No

gossip is allowed. Control room is an appropriate seat of code of

conduct and culture. Control room is the store house of information.

The in charge of the control room is manned by an officer having

vast experience of Railways train operational system, particularly

about the control room. He assists the various section controllers or

other co-related departments in case if any problem crops up.

----------- Page- 83-----------

The senior officers of the various departments also dash down

to the control room as a routine process and also keep close contact

with superiors and juniors.

In case of any emergent circumstances viz accident, derailment

or any other serious incidents of crime viz Dacoity, Robbery, murder,

rape, out rasing the modesty of women, assault on the Railway

employees on duty, hold up of trains and squatting on the Rly track

etc, quick information is disseminated to the R.P.F., G.R.P, Dist

Police including concerned senior Officers by this control room,

followed by further developments. Such messages are also

transmitted to the Zonal Railways and in turn to the Rly Board. In this

way the net work of the control room functions in the lpdian Railway.

*****

----------- Page- 84 -·----------

ANNEXURE- 8

CONTROL MECHANISM OF GOVERNMENT RAILWAY POLICE (GRP)

RANK IG RAILWAYS

DIG RAILWAYS

SP RAILWAYS

DSP/SDPO

INSPECTOR I OC AND OTHER RANKS

SOURCE OF POWER AND ORIGIN :

STATE GOVERNEMNT

,., INSPECTOR GENERAL OF

GOVERNMENT RAilWAY POLICE I.P.S.

1 DEPUTY INSPECTOR GENERAL

GOVT. RAILWAY POLICE I.P.S.

l SUPERINTENDENT

GOVT. RAILWAY POLICE I.P.S.

~

DEPUTY SUPERINTENDENT

GOVT. RAILWAY POLICE

(PROVNCIAL CIVIL SERVICE)

1J'

I

INSPECTORINCHARGE(GAZETTED)OR

OFFICER - INCHARGE INCLUDING OTHER

RANKS- Sl, AS!, HEAD CONSTABLE,

CONSTABLE

-------- Page- 85

A glimpse of the background of GRPs in a nutshell

During research, an endeavour was made to back trace the

duties, functions of the present G.R. P. particularly in regard to

security and policing. GRP steps into the domain of the Indian

Railways on deputation from the state police. They are relieved of by

a separate strength after ceasation of the deputation period of five

years. Railway administration bears 50% of the total cost for their

maintenance in the Railways.

GRP handles normally traditional types of crime in the Railways

against human body and property of Passengers. They also deal with

Railway crime in regard to booked consignments, viz wagon breaking

in goods trains or Rly yard or in platform, goods sheds and Rly

premises besides also investigate other Railway properties owned by

the Railway administration viz mechanical fittings, carriage and

wagon fitting, OHE, EMU, Coal, signal fittings etc. They investigate

these types of cases, either on receipt of written complaint from the

Railways authority or from R.P.F.

In fact, the GRP is supposed to investigate all cases enshrined

in the Indian Penal Code 1860 or other special laws or local Laws for

the time being in force. The frequency of the offences discernible in

the Railways at present, are appended below.

----------- Page- 86

CRIMES HANDLED BY GRPS IN RAILWAYS:-

OFFENCES AGAINST PROPERTY OF PASSENGERS. RAILWAY

PROPERTY : AND HUMAN BODY UNDER IPC.

. Sri. Types of Crime- handled by GRPs Legal Provisions

11 . Dacoity 395 IPC

: . 2. ~:?acoity with murder 3961PC I

·-·-

3. Assembly for making preparation . to 399 I 402 IPC

I Commit Dacoity

4. Robbery 392 IPC

15. Attempt to Commit Robbery 3931PC I

-

16. Attempt to commit robbery or dacoity with 3981PC

I deadly weapons. ,___

j 7. Robbery or dacoity with attempt to cause 397 IPC I

death or grievous hunt . -·---- - - -·- --

8. i Theft of Passengers property 379 IPC I I

1- -I

9. I

411 IPC Recovery of Stolen property I

10. Necklace snatching & pick pockets 1n 3791PC trains and Rly premises or attempt

11. Extortion and its attempt 384 IPC I 511 IPC

12. Criminal breach of trust 406 to 409 I PC

13. Cheating by personation 419 IPC

14. Cheating the Rly administration with 420 I 468 I 471 forgery and falsification of records IPC

---------- Page- 87-----------

14. Unlawful assembly

15. Rioting with deadly weapons

143 IPC

147 I 148 I 149 IPC

c__ __ _,_ ____ ----------~----'--------- _j

OFFENCES AGAINST RAILWAY PROPERTY : Under I. PC

16. Wagon breaking, theft of booked 461 I 379 IPC consignments from running trains yards or 379 IPC

. goodshed and platform I ·-

_,

17. Theft of Railways own properties : These 379 I-PC properties include Electrical, Mechanical, Engineering Store, Cash, Signal & Telecom, Workshop & stores, EMU, OHE, Yard & other office. I

..J

N. B. : - All the offences against Railway Property in which the

properties recovered with offenders arrested, are handled by RPF

under Railway Property (Unlawful possession) Act. 1966; but in cases

where no arrest and recovery could be made, RPF is not empowered

to register a cognizable case uls 154 cxpc. Such cases are registered

by GRP against unknown and investigate, on complaint received from

Rly authority.

OFFENCES AGAINST HUMAN BODY :

Sri. !

Types of Crime Legal Provisions

1. Culpable homicide 3041PC

2. Attempt to Commit culpalde homicide 3081PC

----------- Page- 88

3. Murder 302 IPC --· ·-· ------ ., -

4. Attempt to Murder 307 IPC ---~- . ·- -

, _____

5. Assault or Criminal force to women with 354 IPC I

the intend to outrage her modesty

6. Rape 376 IPC

7. Attempt to commit rape 376 I 511 IPC

8. Sexual harrasment, Molestation 354 IPC ·-

9. Eve Teasing 509 IPC

10. Hurt 323 IPC

11. Grievous Hurt 325 IPC

12. Assault or Criminal force to deter public 353 IPC servant from discharge of his duty

·----- --

13. Voluntary causing hurt to deter public. 332 IPC servant from his duty I

333~~c- --l ----·----

14. Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to deter public servant from his duty. I

-

15. Wrongful restraint. 341 IPC

16. Wrongful Confinement 342 IPC

17. Kidnapping for ransom 364A IPC

18. Drugging of passengers & theft of 328 I 379 IPC lug gages

19. Sabortage Tempering of track and signals- 150 Rly. Act. 1989

----------- Page-89------------

OFFENCES UNDER LOCAL LAWS AND SPECIAL LAWS

1. Offences under Railway Act 1989

2. Arms Act 1959

3. The Prevention of Food and Adulteration Act 1950

4. The essential commodities Act 1955

5. Excise Act 1876

6. Explosive Act. 1884

7. Motor Vehicles Act 1939

8. Narcotic Drug & Psychotrophic Substances Act..

9. lnvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act. 2000.

1 0. Acts of Terrorism and Bomb blast and other laws.

ENDEAVOUR TO TRACE THE ORIGIN GROWTH AND

DEVELOPMENTS OF GRPS

1. Indian witnessed the birth of the long cherished " Indian

Railways" in Indian soil on 16th April, 1853 under British rule

from CHATRAPATI SHIVAJI TERMINUS to Thane and

chugged into the history of Indian Railways.

2. In 1854, the East India Company on next year of birth of Rly,

felt the necessity of ensuring security and protection of

Railways property and employed some personals and

designated them as POLICE.

3. In 1860, Lord Mecaulay's Indian Penal Code came into force.

4. In 1861, Police Act came into Force. Police coverage of

Railway was introduced at the full cost of the company.

---------- Page- 90

It is to be marked that under the British rule, the East India

Company felt the need of Police control all over India in Railways

under unitary command. Different committees and commissions were

formed, thereafter also.

5. Railway· Police Committee 1872 In 1872, the

recommendations of the Rly Police Committee.

For the first time East India Company Organised "Riy

Police" and gave new name as "Government Police" (the

Precursor of GRP) for Law enforcement, investigation of Crime

& Platform orders.

Another recommendation was also accepted. The

company Police (the precursor of RPF), was re-named as

"WATCH AND WARD" for the duties in Railways. The

respective duties were segregated and implemented after 9

(nine) years.

6. Indian Police commission, 1902- 03 :

•!• This commission recommended "Provincial system" of

Rly Police Administration over the "Riy Administration

system".

----------- Page- 91

•!• Recommended close co-ordination between Rly police

and Rly Administration.

•!• Seperation of watch and word duties from Rly Police

•!• Close co-operation between Railway and Dist Police.

7. Railway Police Committee 1907:

In 1907, the Police committee recommend that for Class- A"

Crime duties, the cost to be paid by the provincial Govt. and for

Class - "8" Order duties" the cost to be paid by the Railway

administration.

8. The Railway Police Committee 1921 :

In 1921, the recommendations of the committee were as

follows:-

•!• Provincial system of organization for Railway Police.

•!• A special detective and Investigation Agency to be set up

in each province.

•!• Power of search to OC of Rly Police Station.

•!• Watch and ward to be recognized as a Rly Unit.

•!• Uniform Rules and procedures throughout India.

•!• Close co-operation between the Rly and Oist. Police.

•!• Police Guards for protection on night trains.

-----------Page-92-----------

An Observation

. During the pre-independence period, after acceptance of the

recommendations of the Railway Police Committee 1921, the

present GRP came into existence with the name as "Government

Railway Police" and still continuing with a British legacy in the

title.

It is discernible that the British-Indian rulers were the "ASSET

CREATORS" in India. Corrossive commercialism was their principal

objective. Soon after the birth of Railways in Indian soil in 1853 in the

first phase, they linked mostly the coal belts, iron ore Bauxite and

Manganes mines, other units of raw materials and the military units

etc by rail roads, direct to the ports for quick shipment in the dying

industrial factories of England where from, the finished products were

re-shipped to all the British Colonies including India for sale and

profit. Thus the commercial objectives dominated their minds for

amassment of wealth. Agriculture and Industries of India greatly

suffered. People gradually became more poor. Femine vehemently

striked the doors of the Indians.

This commercial objectives prompted the British rulers to

ensure "security and Policing" of the Railway administration so that

----------- Page- 93------------

their quick communication system is not obstructed or deterred due to

theft or any other causes.

The British rulers during a short span of 67 years (1921 -1854)

constituted as many as 4 (four) commissions for ensuring "Security

and Policing" in the Railways. The . expertised opinions and

recommendations of the respective commissions were marshelled

and analysed by the subsequent commissions, keeping in view of the

socio - economic conditions of the society during the material time

and finally accepted the recommendations of the Police committee

1921. In this way for the last 84 years (1921 - 2005), the GRP has

been functioning the Indian Railways for safe voyage.

*****

----------- Page- 94

ANNEXURE - C& D

CONTROL MECHANISM - R .. P.F. I R.P.S.F.

EMERGENCE OF RIALWAY PROTECTION FORCE (R.P.F.) AND

RAILWAY PROTECTION SPECIAL FORCE (R.P.S.F.) IN THE

HISTORY OF INDIAN RAILWAYS.

The Railway Protection Force (R.P.F), a youthful bright star,

after traversing a long distance of 104 years (1957 - 1853) in two

Organisations without any legal status, at length, emerged on August

8, 1957 in the history of Indian Railways, as a statutory force, clothed

with legal powers en-acted by the Indian Parliament under Railway

Protection Force Act. 1957, with the object of better protection and

security to the Railway Property.

More precisely, it stepped into the Railways' family after 10 (ten)

years of independence and by this time attained nearly triple maturity

of the age of 48 (forty eight) years.

DUTIES & FUNCTIONS AND R.P.S.F. OF R.P.F. AS PER R.P.F

ACT 1957

Section II of the R.P.F Act envisages inter alia the following

duties of R.P.F and R.P.S.F.

11 (a) Promptly to execute all orders Lawfully issued to him

by the superior authority.

---------- Page- 95

11 (b) To protect and safe guard Railway Property.

11 (c) To remove any obstruction in the movement of Railway

Property.

11 (d) To do any other act conducive to the better protection

and security of Railway Property.

ADITIONAL POWERS BY THE AMENDMENT OF R.P.F. ACT 2003

AND RAILWAY ACT 1989/2003

11 (e) In the title of Principal Act the words "Railway Property"

shall be substituted as "Railway Property, passenger

area and passengers". R.P.F. will be able to take steps

for prevention of cognizable offence against

passengers and would be legally empowered to arrest

offenders. Again under the Rly Acts, RPF has been

·empowered to arrest, inquire into and prosecute in 29

offences.

"RAIL SURAKSHAK PLEDGE" OF THE R.P.F. BEFORE THE

NATION.

"My highest duty is service to the nation whatever be the

cost. My most sacred commitment is giving protection to

Railway property, whatever be the temptation trials and

tribulations.

----------- Page- 96

My deepest love is towards my dutiful comrades, whatever

be the sacrifice.

My greatest dedication is to my motto "YASHO

LABHASWA" Whatever be the price".

Source : - "Rail Surakshak" special issue, Part- II, Vol 123, Sept 20, Printed at Northern Rly Press, Panjabi Bagh, Rohtak Road, Delhi 35.

RAILWAY CRIMES HANDLED BY R.P.F. AND R.P.S.F.

A. BOOKED CONSIGNMENT (RAILWAY PROPERTY)

RTT/R (Running Train Theft)

YT (Yard Theft)

G.R.P.T (Goods, Parcel and Platform Theft)

PILFERAGE (Committing theft by Partial Extractions)

B. THEFT OF RAILWAY MATERIALS OWNED BY RAILWAY ADMATERIALS (RAILWAY PROPERTY)

Electrical Fittings

Mechanical Fittings

Engineering Fittings

Stores

Chash

Signal and Telecom Fittings

Workshop and stores

EMU

OHE (Over head Electrical)

Yard & other Offices

C. RP (UP) ACT 1966 (RL Y PROPERTY UNLAWFUL

POSSESSION ACT 1966

D. OFFENCES UNDER RAILWAY ACT 1989.

---------- Page- 97

RAILWAY PROTECTION FORCE R.P.F I R.P.S.F.

MISSION STATEMENT

"We shall protect and safe guard Railway property and goods

entrusted to Railways. Promote the safety and security of the

travelling public on Indian Railways".

OBJECTIVES

"We shall carry on an unrelenting fight against criminals in

protecting Railway property.

Facilitate passenger safety and security by removing all

Antisocial elements from trains and Railway premises.

Co-operate with other department of the Railways in

improving the efficiency and the image to the Indian Railways.

Act as a bridge between the Government Railway Policel Local

Police and Railway Administration.

Adopt all modern technology and management techniques

in the persuit of these objective".

Source: R.P.F. Magazine & news letter of Nov- DEC 98, published by the DG R.P.F, Railway Board, New Delhi.

----------- Page- 98------------

R.P.F. I R.P.S.F TECHNICALLY TRAINED SKILLED ARMED

FORCE

R.P.F. is technically skilled and capable of identifying Railway

properties of various 'types, used in EMU, Traction Locomotives,

Signal, Railway Carriage and Wagons, Electrical, Engineering fittings

etc which are susceptible to thefts.

They are also trained with the commercial rules including pre­

steps to be taken for booking goods or parcel consignments including

the procedures of booking, during transit, after termination of transit

period. All these help them to defect and prevent thefts of Railway

Property.

They are also acquinted with the Railway passengers anguish

and feelings of sleepless journey with in-security in trains and Railway

premises and fully capable of taking suitable preventive measures, of

passengers area and passengers and also while escorting trains.

All these expertised knowledges have been accentuated with

the knowledge of legal procedures of search, arrest recovery, seizure,

legal inquiry and prosecution of the offenders arrested under RP (UP)

Act '66 and under of Railway Act. 1989, effectively, securing

approximately cent percent convictions.

----------- Page- 99-----------

Separate R.P.F. Public Prosecutors under control of each

Divisional Security Commissioner, are also provided in the several

trial courts for assisting the Magistrates in the trial courts, in the

adversary system of judicial proceeding while marshelling prosecution

evidences in the court of law, in accordance with the provision

evidence Act 1872. An Asstt. Security Commissioner (Prosecution) is

the head of the prosecution in the Zonal Rlys under IG R.P.F.

The result of trial under these two different Acts is satisfactory.

Conviction statistics would follow in Chapter (V).

Besides the basic sophisticated training of modern Arms and

ammunitions, the force has also been trained to combat un-rest in

Railways due to hold up of trains, Dharna, Rail Rokho, Squatting on

the Railway tracks, Dispersal of violent mob and obstruction of

movement of trains and Railway property.

Thus this new Armed force of the Indian unton has had

emerged in the Indian Railways as competent, reliable and

dependable and effective force to ensure security and better

protection to the passengers in trains and in passengers area

independently.

-----------Page- 100 ·-----------

NEW EN - ACTMENTS INCREASED ADDITIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES.

Additional responsibilities of R. P. F. were increased after

enactment of the following Acts during 1966 -· 2003

After the en - actments of the R.P.F. Act 1957, the followin.g

Acts came into force : -

1. R.P.F. was exclusively empowered to conduct inquiry and

prosecution fo the offenders arrested with Railway property

under RP(UP) Act 66 in the court of law. The force is also

legally empowered for prosecution and conducting trial assisting

the Magistrate in the judical proceeding.

2. RPF was conferred with the status of Armed Force of the union

in 1985, by amending the RPF Act 1957 and thus brought the

force at par with other c~ntral Para - Military Forces (CPMF) of

the union of lnida. This amendment came into force on 201h

September 1985. This day is now observed as the "RAISING

DAY" of the Force every year.

3. Additional powers. of arrest, seizure, inquiry and prosecution

have been specially given to the RPF in 29 offences by

Railways (Amendment) Act 2003 of Rly Act. 1989. The

amendment came into force.

---~-------Page- 101

4. In the amendment of RPF Act 1957 in 2003, the defination of

the "Railway Property" has been enlarged, by incorporating

passenger area and passengers. Thus in the principal Act, the

word "Railway Property" shall be substituted as "Railway

Property passenger area and passengers".

EMERGENCE OF R.P.S.F (RAILWAY PROTECTION SPECIAL

FORCE) IN THE HISTORY OF INDIAN RAILWAYS

Railway Protection special Force (R.P.S.F) was formed in 1962.

This force was specially raised to give intensive protection to the

Railway track, vital installations of Railways, in trains and passengers,

specially in the insurgency affected areas.

This force also enjoys all the powers enjoyed by the R.P.F.

This R.P.S.F force is one of the best forces technically skilled in

Railways functioning. This is a specially designed Armed force of

RPF, trained with sophisticated training no less competent than other

para-military forces, dedicated in the service of Railway - be it train

escorting to protect passengers or to combat armed encounters with

desperate Railways criminals or in-surgency areas of the country or in

preventing damage or destruction of Railway property during un-rest

of employees with outside desperadoes or in Railway strike or in

-----------Page- 102

matters of dispersal of violent mob or squatting and obstructing train

movement or in the rescue operation of abducted Railway Officers

and staff in co-operation with state police for ransom or in Election

duties of state and parliament.

This force is under the control of DG RPF, Railway Board, New

Delhi .. He is assisted by a very senior officer in the rank of Inspector

General RPSF in the Rly. Board. RPSF is under his direct control.

The force is spread over in Indian Railways, under the control and

command of a commandant RPSF of each unit.

This force, within a very short period, proved its competency

and dependability. It bagged heaps of rewards, applause and

appreciation from press and public, from different Ministers including

Railway Minister and even the Late Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.

It is also worth mentioning that both the R.P.F and R.P.S.F

faced as many as 49 Armed encounters, with very desperate Railway

criminals at different places in Indian R.ailways in which, 30 Criminals

were killed and 12 injured. In the same encounters 9 Jawans were

also killed and 57 injured during the period 96-97 to 2003- 2004.

-----------Page-103-----------

A HISTORICAL LETTER

Copy of the letter of Late Prime Minister Indira Gandhi

dated June 26, 1984 addressed to Sri. M. D. Dikshit, Director

General RPF, Rail Bhaban, New Delhi.

Dear Shri Dikshit,

Prime Minister's Home New Delhi

June,26, 1984

I write to convey through you to the Officers and men of

your forces, my appreciation of the sense of duty and courage

displayed by them in very difficult circumstances in Panjab.

My heartfelt sympathies to the families of those who lost

their lives or were injured in terrorist violence.

Sri. M. D. Dlkshit Director General Railway Protection Force & Railway Protection Special Force Rail Bhaban New Delhi.

Yours sincerely

Sd/- Indira Gandhi

Source : RAIL SURAKSHAK. Special Issue, Published at Nortern Railway Press, panjabi Bagh Rotak Road, Delhi- 35

-----------Page~ 104-----------

DEDICATED SERVICES ·

A GREAT SACRIFICE TO THE NATION BY R.P.F./ R.P.S.F.

JAWANS.

ARMED ENCOUNERS

R.P.F I R.P.S.F Jawans had to face 49 armed encounters with

desperate Railway criminals wherein they resorted firing, in exercise

of right of private defence, in all over India. In these encounters 30

Railway criminals were killed and 12 injured.

On the other side as many as 9 Jawans breathed their last and

57 injured, according to a statistics from 96-97 to 2003 - 2004,

projected below :

r----- --l : Years . Armed No. of : I encounters criminals I___ _ I with criminals killed

Criminals injured

Jawans --Death of1 injured Jawans

--96-97 I 18 9 4 1 o o 97-98 18 8 4 19 1

~----~--------~-------4---------+--------~---

98-99 9 5 1 18 1 r-----r----------r-------4---------+---~--~--------

99-00 5 1 0 2 2

00-01 5 1 1 5 1

01-02 2 2 0 1 0

02-03 9 4 2

03-04 3 0 0 Grand Total

49 30 12

1 4

1 0

57 9

Source : From the statistics, for the period 96-97 to 2003-2004, published by the Directorate of Statistics and Economics Ministry of Railways, (Railway Board) Government of India, New Delhi.)

-----------Page- 105

ANNEXURE- E

CONTROL MECHANISM OF RAILWAY COMMERCIAL STAFF IN ZONAL RAILWAYS

PRINCIPAL COMMERCIAL MANAGER ZONAL RAILWAYS UNDER

ADMINISTATIVE CONTROL OF GENERAL MANAGER

SENIOR DIVISIONAL COMMERCIAL MANAGER IN EVERY DIVISION UNDER

ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL OF THE DIVISIONAL MANAGER

ASSISTED BY SEVERAL OTHER COMMERCIAL OFFICERS

DCS & ACSs

CHIEF INSPECTOR OF TICKETS (CIT), HEAD INSPECTOR OF TICKET (HIT), TRAIN TICKET EXAMINER

(T.T.E.), TICKET COLLECTER (TC), ANTI FRAUD SQUADS ETC.

--------Page-106--------

RAILWAYS COMMERCIAL DEPARTMENT IS AN ADDITIONAL

ARMY OF THE RAILWAY ADMINISTRATION

The commercial department of the Railway plays a vital role in

the process of revenue earning. The presence of a "Black Coat"

either in trains or in Railway premises generates a great fear and

psychological impact not only in the minds of the free-trippers but also

equally in the minds of perfect gentlemen, educated men, political

brasses and even in the minds of the Railwaymen carrying excess

men than the legally authorized men. The powerful officers of the

central Govt. or the state govt travelling on proxy unauthorisely are

not free from the fear and psychological impact.

The mental equilibrium of all such persons suddenly gets

disturbed. The vision of the presence of sufficient TTEs and RPF and

GRP in the operation, hits him like a comet, paralyzing his mental

balance. The impact of his pleasure-trip becomes counter -

productive. This fear and Psychological impact continues so long the

operation continues.

The mental strength of the helpless boarders, regain in phases,

the sooner they dis-appear.

Therefore, this domestic civilian strong Army of the Railway is

more powerful than the National Army fighting big battles, in

achieving the objectives.

-----------Page- 107

The Offenders can handly escape from the vision of "Black

Coat" like that of the eagles eyes of bus conductors, as we see daily.

This army relentlessly wage war against the free-trippers or

persons as depicted above, carrying unbooked luggages, booking

parcels under weight, fraudulently traveling without pass or valied

ticket, transfer of ticket by selling, beggars and hawkers etc.

Thi~ domestic army is also sufficiently armed with legal powers

1n addition to the "black coat". They enjoy the power of arrest &

prosecution by producing the offenders directly before the Magistrate,

U/S 179 Rly Act 1989 for trial. After trial, Railway administration

realizes the fare while the state realizes the fine. This also en-hance

the states exchequer.

Massive checking is also frequently organized at different mass­

contact sections and mid=way and other distant places, with sufficient

GRP & RPF and with or without the Railway Magistrate. This is very

productive.

Such checks also produces co-relative effect enormously.

Window - counter selling of tickets get increased. All free trippers

purchase tickets. They fear to travel without ticket.

In this way this domestic army en-hances the Railways revenue

earning. In every efforts of such operations, sense of duty generates

-----------Page-108--·---------

good planning, secrecy, sincerity and effectiveness. These are the

core words of great success. An act without objective mind amounts

to cheating of self as also the organization.

In the present scenario of the social fabrick, this "effectiveness"

is a sine quanon for implementation of any law. Co-operation and co­

ordination, though exist still, are very weak two thin strings only. They

can be termed as "Paper tigers", in-operative in the practical field

unless spirit of sincerity and dynamism prevail.

Secret planning is designed for effectiveness. Senior officers

presence is necessary to emanate productive results, like that of CBI

and Vigilance in their operations. There cannot be any valied reasons

as to why t~e superior officers of each of the co--ordinated forces are

not deployed or if even deployed a very junior officer, as a routinic

process, nothing productive is achieved. There must be fault some

where to be cared. Frequency of such conjoint operations by surprise,

particularly in the sections where free-trippers and criminals operate

should be increased. The offenders arrested can be prosecuted

under different sections of law, either on specific complaints of the

victim or with suo moto complaint by the Law enforcement authorities.

-----------Page-109-----------

ANNEXURE- F

CONTROL MECHANISM OF RAILWAY VIGILANCE

MEMBER STAFF RAILWAY BOARD

NEW DELHI

DIRECTORATE OF VIGILANCE

RAILWAY BOARD NEW DELHI

SENIOR DEPUTY GENERAL MANAGER INCHARGE OF VIGILANCE

IN ZONAL RAILWAYS

CHIEF VIGILANCE OFFICER IN THE HEADQUATERS OF GM, ASSISTED BY A NUMBER OF

ASSTT. VIGILENCE OFFICERS

--------Page- 110'---___;__ ___ _

RAILWAY VIGILANCE, A DOMESTIC ARMY OF THE RL Y ADMINISTRATION

The Railway Vigilance is one of the most important

departments, no less competent than the Law enforcement agencies

fighting outside offenders against Railway crime.

The principal objective of the department of vigilance, as

transpired during research, is to detect and prevent corruptions

indulged by the Railway Officials may it be committed by high ranking

officers the TTE in the long distance passengers mail or express or in

the booking offices and parcel Offices reservation offices where

money transaction with public is made.

As reflected in the chart, there exists a Directorate of vigilance

in the Railway Board which is reported to be very active. Different

special squads are formed, surprise drives are conducted, domestic

corrupt practices of Rly personals are inquired into, departmental

reports are processed and punished. Indian Rly's achievement of

vigilance operation is projected in a separate table.

Similar procedure is also adopted by the department of

vigilance, placed under Sr. D.G.M. in the Zonal Rlys.

The Directorate of Vigilance Railway Board, New Delhi, under

control of Member staff and also the Zonal Rly Vigilance under control

of Sr. D.G.M are constituted by expertised Railway Officers of proved

-----------Page-111-----------

ability and integrity from various departments. This domestic army

wage war within the domestic sphere of Railways against the corrupt

practices of the Railway personals who commit various types

offences viz corruption, forgery, cheating with full negligence and

other offences. They eat up the Rlys earnings, causing loss to the Rly

revenue.

According to an information received during research that black

spot of massive corruptions are Rly workshops, Rly stores and

Depots of various other departments where purchased or supplied

goods are received short in reality, on the plea of varification as per

list. In the process some days are consumed. Ledger posting is

intentionally delayed. Short materials are shown quickly issued for

replacement or repairs in order to create strong defence in case of

detection.

W:1en all the evidences disappear, the ledger posting is done

showing correct receipt, though it is a travesty of truth. This type of

offence is committed with the un-holy alliance of the supplier and the

Rly Officials who swallow the cost of the un-despatched stores in

reality while paper transaction is shown as all correct.

Such offences are committed in places where bulk purchase is

done and bulk supply is made. The perpetrators of such offence,

-----------Page-112------------

stand liable for criminal conspiracy, criminal breach of trust, forgery,

cheating and falsification of accounts with common intention under

Indian Penal Code of 1860. These cases are not reported normally.

The involvement of some expert Rly Officials indulge in such crimes

skillfully systematically like "white caller crimes".

It has been also gathered during research that the activities of

the vigilance are reportedly confirmed in booking offices, parcel,

goods offices and in long distance mail or express trains. The

detection of the cases in the above range is satisfactory.

However, as stated above the canvas of the vigilance vigil need

be enlarged to bring a better result in the system, particularly in

matter of bulk purchase of properties from the open market, it is

suggested.

******

-----------Page- I 13------------