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Chapter Five
Maintaining a ComputerPart III: File and Folder
Management
© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Strata Objectives Covered
3.2 (2.2 FC0-U11 U.K.) Identify issues related to folder and file management–Create, delete, rename, and move folders–Assign folder structure during installation–Create, delete, rename, move, and print files
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© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Opening a File Management Interface
• Different in Each OS– In Windows: Windows Explorer– In Mac OS: Finder– In Linux: varies depending on version
• Multiple potential entry points in Windows:– Start, Computer– Start, Documents, or other library
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© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Opening a File Management Interface
• Windows, Mac OS, and Linux all have optional command-line interfaces too:– Windows Vista and 7: Start, cmd, Enter– Windows XP: Start, Run, cmd, Enter– Mac OS: Applications, Utilities, Terminal– Ubuntu Linux: Applications, Accessories,
Terminal
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© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Example Folder Hierarchy on a Disk Drive
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© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Windows Explorer
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Command Prompt
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© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Changing Locations
OS Command/Procedure Example
Windows, Mac OS, or Linux graphical interface
Click the drive or folder
Windows command prompt
Drives: Type drive letter followed by a colon
Folders: Type cd, space, backslash, folder name
cd \Books
cd \Books\MyBook
Mac OS and Linux command prompt
Drives: Type cd, space, /Volumes/, drive name
Folders: Type cd, space, path to the folder
cd /Volumes/Mac HD
cd /Joe/Apps
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© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Purpose of Folders
Folders organize files into logical groups
– Windows system files are stored in Windows folder
– Most applications have subfolders within the Program Files folder
– Setup programs create subfolders for new applications
– You can create folders for your data files
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© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Creating Folders
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OS Command/Procedure Example
Windows graphical interface
Right-click empty area, click New, click Folder. Type folder name and press Enter.
Mac OS graphical interface
Right-click an empty area, click New Folder. Type folder name and press Enter.
Linux graphical interface
Right-click an empty area, click Create Folder. Type folder name and press Enter.
Windows command prompt
md or mkdir md newfolder
Mac OS or Linux command prompt
Mkdir mkdir newfolder
© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Deleting Files and Folders
• Benefits:– Saves disk space– Makes file system simpler to browse– Discards outdated information,
eliminating potential for confusion
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© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Deleting Files and Folders from Graphical Interface
Operating System Command/Procedure
Windows graphical interface Select item and press Delete, or drag to Recycle Bin
Mac OS graphical interface Ctrl+click or right-click item and select Move to Trash, or drag to Trash
Linux graphical interface Select item and press Delete, or drag to Trash
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© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Deleting Files and Folders from Command Prompt
OS Command/Procedure Example
Windows For folders: rd, rmdir, or deltreeFor files: del
rd \myfolderrmdir \myfolderdeltree \myfolderdel myoldfile.txt
Mac OS or Linux
For folders: rmdirFor files: rm
rmdir \myfolderrm myoldfile.txt
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Notes:•Deltree also deletes any files and subfolders•Rd doesn’t work unless the folder is empty.•Precede folder name with backslash if it isn’t an immediate subordinate of the active location•Precede file name with a path if it isn’t contained in the active location
© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Renaming Files and Folders
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OS Command/Procedure Example
Windows, Mac OS, or Linux graphical interface
Click the name to move the insertion point there, and edit the name.
Windows command prompt
renType the old name first, a space, and the new name
ren myoldfile.txt newname.txt
Mac OS or Linux command prompt
mvType the old name first, a space, and the new name
mv myoldfile.txt newname.txt
© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Renaming Cautions
• Don’t rename system files or files an application needs to run
• Be careful of file extensions when renaming– If file extensions are displayed, type the
file extension when renaming.– If file extensions are not displayed, do
not type the file extension when renaming
– Turn on display of file extensions if needed
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© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Printing Files
• Open native application and select File, Print
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• Right-click file in Windows Explorer and click Print.
© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Moving and Copying Files
• Drag-and-drop file to new location– If both locations are on the same drive,
the item is moved.– If locations are on different drives, the
item is copied.– Force a copy by holding down Ctrl as
you drag, or right-drag and then on shortcut menu, click Copy here.
– Force a move by holding down Shift as you drag, or right-click and then on shortcut menu, click Move Here.
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© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Moving and Copying Files
• Keyboard Shortcuts method:– Ctrl+C to copy– Ctrl+X to cut– Ctrl+V to paste
• Application menu system:– Edit, Copy (or Cut, or Paste) in
application with menu system– Home tab, then Copy, Cut, or Paste in
application with ribbon
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© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Moving and Copying from a Command Prompt
OS Command/Procedure Example
Windows To copy: copyTo move: copy and then del
copy myfile.txt c:\newlocation
del myfile.txt
Mac OS and Linux
To copy: cpTo move: mv
cp myfile.txt /newlocation
mv myfile.txt /newlocation
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© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Wildcards and Multi-File Selection
• Graphical interface:– Shift+click for contiguous selection– Ctrl+click for non-contiguous selection
• Command prompt:– ? wildcard for single character
• Example: File00?00.txt
– * wildcard for multiple characters• Example: File*.txt
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© 2006-2011 Wiley, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Shortcuts
• A pointer to a file• Shortcut is not a copy of the file• In Mac OS, called aliases• In Linux, called links or symbolic
links• Original remains in its original
location• In Windows, shortcut icons
have an arrow in the lower left corner
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