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©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, All Rights Reserved
CHAPTER FIVE
INFRASTRUCTURES
SUSTAINABLE
TECHNOLOGIES
2
CHAPTER OVERVIEW
SECTION 5.1 – MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
• The Business Benefits of a Solid MIS Infrastructure
• Supporting Operations: Information MIS Infrastructure
• Supporting Change: Agile MIS Infrastructure
SECTION 5.2 – BUILDING SUSTAINABLE MIS
INFRASTRUCTURES
• MIS and the Environment
• Supporting the Environment: Sustainable MIS
Infrastructure
©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, All Rights Reserved
SECTION 5.1
MIS Infrastructures
4
LEARNING OUTCOMES
1. Explain MIS infrastructure and its three
primary types
2. Identify the three primary areas associated
with an information MIS infrastructure
3. Describe the characteristics of an agile MIS
infrastructure
5
THE BUSINESS BENEFITS OF A
SOLID MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
MIS infrastructure – Includes the plans for how
a firm will build, deploy, use, and share its data,
processes, and MIS assets
• Hardware
• Software
• Network
• Client
• Server
6
THE BUSINESS BENEFITS OF A
SOLID MIS INFRASTRUCTURE Supporting operations
• Information MIS infrastructure
Supporting change
• Agile MIS Infrastructure
Supporting the environment
• Sustainable MIS infrastructure
7
SUPPORTING OPERATIONS:
INFORMATION MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
Backup and recovery plan
Disaster recovery plan
Business continuity plan
8
Backup and Recovery Plan
Backup – An exact copy of a system’s
information
Recovery – The ability to get a system up and
running in the event of a system crash or failure
• Fault tolerance
• Failover
• Failback
9
Backup and Recovery Plan
Disaster recovery plan - A detailed
process for recovering information or an IT
system in the event of a catastrophic
disaster such as a fire or flood
Disaster recovery cost curve - Charts (1)
the cost to the organization of the
unavailability of information and technology
and (2) the cost to the organization of
recovering from a disaster over time
10
Backup and Recovery Plan
11
Backup and Recovery Plan
Hot site - A separate and fully equipped
facility where the company can move
immediately after a disaster and resume
business
Cold site - A separate facility that does not
have any computer equipment, but is a
place where employees can move after a
disaster
Warm site – A separate facility with
computer equipment that requires
installation and configuration
12
Business Continuity Plan
Business continuity
planning (BCP) - A plan for
how an organization will
recover and restore partially
or completely interrupted
critical function(s) within a
predetermined time after a
disaster or extended
disruption
• Emergency notification services
13
SUPPORTING CHANGE: AGILE
MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
Characteristics of an agile MIS infrastructure
• Accessibility
• Availability
• Maintainability
• Portability
• Reliability
• Scalability
• Usability
14
Accessibility
Accessibility - Refers to the varying
levels that define what a user can
access, view, or perform when
operating a system
Administrator access – Unrestricted
access to the entire system
15
Availability
Availability – Time frames when the
system is operational
Unavailable – Time frames when a
system is not operating and cannot be
used
High availability – System is
continuously operational at all times
16
Maintainability
Maintainability – How quickly a system
can transform to support environmental
changes
Organizations must watch today’s
business, as well as tomorrow’s, when
designing and building systems
Systems must be flexible enough to
meet all types of business changes
17
Portability
Portability – The ability of an application to
operate on different devices or software
platforms
18
Reliability
Reliability - Ensures a system is
functioning correctly and providing
accurate information
Reliability is another term for
accuracy when discussing the
correctness of systems within the
context of efficiency IT metrics
19
Scalability
Scalability - How well a system can
scale up, or adapt to the increased
demands of growth
Performance - Measures how quickly a
system performs a process or transaction
Capacity planning - Determines future
environmental infrastructure
requirements to ensure high-quality
system performance
20
Usability
Usability – The degree to which a system is
easy to learn and efficient and satisfying to use
©2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, All Rights Reserved
SECTION 5.2
Building Sustainable
MIS Infrastructures
22
LEARNING OUTCOMES
4. Identify the environmental impacts associated
with MIS
5. Explain the three components of a sustainable
MIS infrastructures along with their business
benefits
23
MIS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Moore’s Law - Refers to the computer chip
performance per dollar doubles every 18
months
Sustainable, or “green,” MIS - Describes
the production, management, use, and
disposal of technology in a way that
minimizes damage to the environment
Corporate social responsibility -
Companies’ acknowledged
responsibility to society
24
MIS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Three Primary Side Effects Of Businesses’
Expanded Use Of Technology
25
Increased Electronic Waste
Ewaste - Refers to discarded, obsolete or
broken electronic devices
Sustainable MIS disposal - Refers to the
safe disposal of MIS assets at the end of
their life cycle
26
Increased Energy Consumption
Huge increases in technology use have greatly
amplified energy consumption
The energy consumed by a computer is estimated
to produce as much as 10 percent of the amount
of carbon dioxide produced by an automobile
27
Increased Carbon Emissions
The major human-generated greenhouse gases,
such as carbon emissions from energy use, are
very likely responsible for the increases in climatic
temperature over the past half a century
When left on continuously, a single desktop
computer and monitor can consume at least 100
watts of power per hour
28
SUPPORTING THE ENVIRONMENT:
SUSTAINABLE MIS INFRASTRUCTURE
The components of a sustainable MIS
infrastructure include
• Grid computing
• Cloud computing
• Virtualized computing
29
Grid Computing
Grid computing - A collection of computers,
often geographically dispersed, that are
coordinated to solve a common problem
30
Cloud Computing
Cloud computing - Refers to the use of
resources and applications hosted remotely on
the Internet
31
Cloud Computing
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
32
Virtualized Computing
Virtualization - Creates multiple “virtual”
machines on a single computing device
33
Virtualized Computing
Data center – A facility used to house
management information systems and
associated components, such as
telecommunications and storage systems
Sustainable data centers
• Reduces carbon emissions
• Reduces required floor Space
• Chooses Geographic location
34
LEARNING OUTCOME REVIEW
Now that you have finished the chapter
please review the learning outcomes in
your text