Aspects of Narrative-Great Gatsby;chapter1, what do we learn and how do we learn it?

SETTING:What do we learn?1920/22 America, East/West Egg, Nick/Tom graduated at New Haven-Yale.>Nick goes to great war/teutonic migration(p4)=lost generation-misses war, explains his move from the West to the East of America (going against norms of American society/against the grain) but does live in the less fashionable(p5) west egg like Gatsby but Tom+Daisy live in East egg.>Toms house- elaborate/extravagant descriptions deployed by Carraway eg cheerful red and white Georgian colonial Mansion/french windows, glowing now with reflected gold/bright rose-coloured space(p6)=Nick blown away,awe struck by this house,romantic atmosphere as if nothing could go wrong- natural light is present=symbolism used by Fitzgerald after the natural light disappearslast sunshine fell with romantic affection upon her(daisys) glowing face/ the glow faded(p11) our first hint of a turning point > Toms got some woman in New York(p12) when Tom returns to the table artificial lighting is present the crimson room bloomed with light/ the lamplight bright on his boots(p14) = change in the atmosphere of the house and Nicks view of Buchanans = made them less remotely rich/I was confused and a little disgusted(p15)= reader gets mixed views of the Buchanans through Nicks narration.SETTING:How do we learn it?>We gain all the information throughs Carraways narration-the character/setting description and what order and how the story is told is up to him.

CHARACTER/CHARACTERISATION;What do we learn?>Carraway-his father taught him not to be judgemental and that is his goal gave me some advice which was whenever you feel like criticising anyone,just remember that all people in this world haven't had the advantages that you've had(p3),although he states that he is inclined to reserve all judgements he goes on to state that he is a victim of not a few old veteran bores(p3)=we know hes hypocritical/judgemental/biased. >hisfamily were well-to-do people in this middle western city(p4)=nick is originally from the middle west. clan/Descended from the Dukes of Baccleuch(p4)=old money-contradiction of old money with new money as his parents own a wholesale hardware business(p4)=new money. New york=east(new money)-against norms as the wealthy place was the west(old money).>Lost generation=enjoyed war as he labels it the great war(p4). he states that when he comes back he feels restless as he enjoyed the counter raid so thoroughly(p4)= from this + the fact that hes a writer reader gathers hes lost generation. He moves from west to east as he felt west was no longer the warm centre of the universe(p4) but rather the ragged edge of the universe=west is not enough for him/misses war so moves against the norms. >Nicks area/house= he moves east to learn the bond business(p4)where he finds a weather beaten bungalow(p5) in the less fashionable west egg but the contradicts and states that thats a superficial tag to describe the bizarre and not a little sinister contrast between them(p5). Nicks house is at the very tip of the egg and is squeezed between two huge places(p5) the one on the right was Gatsbys. >Nick as a character/narrator: he introduces himself as an unbiased/objective person this is later contradicted.>Nicks dinner party at Buchanans: across the bay the white palaces of the fashionable east egg glittered along the water(p6) he says that the history of the summer(p6)began on the evening he drove over to have dinner with the Tom Buchanans. when he first arrives hes brought in to an enchanting illusion of the house + characters. there he also meets Jordan Baker. Finds out about Toms affair so begins to come back to reality and the dinner partys conversation ends in small talk by the end of chapter as nick leaves disgusted as he's brought back to reality by the events that developed over the evening.Nick gets his first sighting of Gatsby a figure had emerged from the shadow of my neighbours mansion (p16)=sees Gatsby staring at the green light at the end of the dock. >Tom Buchanan-arrogant/selfish man=comes from an old social/wealthy family(old money) were enormously wealthy(p6) tom was born to inherit/inhabit a certain world/to marry a certain type of woman and to live a certain style of life-snobbish/selfish/ignorant+graduated at Yale=high social standing+profanity. He's a self absorbed character= Im stronger and more of a man than you are(p7)-ignorant,inconsiderate etc.Just as flashy as Gatsby but has more respect due to his family/arrogance/class/history/power/style of living. e.g. he came east in a fashion that took your breath away(p6)hed brought a string of ponies from Lake Forest uses this to show off his wealth. Toms known for sports= among various physical accomplishments/ national figure(p6) for playing football. Reader gets the idea that Tom still has stick names the polo-player/the athlete(chapter1). Tom is seen as an idol sturdy/supercilious manner(p6). Hes seen as aggressive/violent= Nicks initial description shinning arrogant eyes/the appearance of always leaning aggressively forward then seconded by objected Tom crossly(p10). overall he is said to convey fractiousness.>He did some reading and now believes that the lesser races are going to knock the nordics(p11)off their privilege pedestal as he states if we don't look out the white race will be-will be totally submerged(p10/11).>His relationship with Daisy: Daisy calls him a brut of a man,a great big hulking physical specimen(p10)=he uses his power/comes by his power in the least classy way as hes just bigger and stronger than anyone else(chapter 1)=he uses this as the root of all power as it has nothing to do with being naturally superior races or as he believes she gives the idea that its just whether you're big enough to steal someone elses money/woman/belongings. we also find out that he is cheating so therefore he is cruel and doesn't really care about atone elses feelings but his own.>Daisy Buchanan(nee Fay)-shes Nicks second cousin&is married to tom its difficult for the reader to figure out what she's thinking making her an interesting character.>First impressions of Daisy:shes laying on a couch and is surrounded by lots of floating material. she is the constancy when everything else is moving shown by her being sat on the only stationary object in the rooman enormous couch(p7) and the connotations of purity/innocence attached to her such as her white dress buoyed up as though they had been blown back in after a short flight around the house (p7) angel/fairy(Fitzgeralds clever way of portraying the name Fay) which creates a delicate image of beauty and innocence etc.>second opposing idea of Daisy= Nick and her are sitting on the porch she opens up to him that when her daughter was born Tom was god knows where(p13) and on hearing that it was a girl she said alright I'm glad its a girl and i hope shell be a fool thats the best thing a girl can be in this world a beautiful little fool=shows Daisy not to be as naive as first made up to be as she is aware that toms got some woman in new york as we are made aware by Jordan through Nick and it is visible that daisy is certainly not oblivious to this and she attempts to distract Nick and indeed herself when the woman phones up at dinner by stating you remind me of a rose(p11). Reader is constantly exposed to the fact that in every happy description of Daisy there is an undercutting of sadness making her complicated and interesting. we get the idea that Fitzgerald wants the reader to be confused by her character.>Jordan Baker- professional golf player, Nick is fascinated by the way she holds herself and demeanour with her chin raised a little as if she were balancing something on it that he almost wanted to apologise for having disturbed her by coming in(p8) this and image of her and daisy floating around in the room(p7) shows her to be out of this world/amazing. Nick was attracted to Jordan as he enjoyed looking at her with her charming,discontented face(p9) this shows that there is an undercut of sadness within Jordan just like Daisy as if something is missing and shes lost within herself.>she is described in quite an androgynous way, with her cadet like stance, and small-breasted-ness.(p8) she also seems to have quite a prickly manner, speaking contemptuously(p14) to Nick and seeming to have mastered a certain hardy scepticism. These traits paint her as a woman who, understandably, is unwilling to expose her weaknesses. Perhaps it comes from her playing a male-dominated sport competitively and for a living that gives her this quality, and Nick seems to like it.> we can also see a little of the futility of her actions. She is talked over when attempting to add something to the conversation which Tom seems determined to dominate with his racist rant, and though she does achieve some level of elevation in this chapter, it is marred by the fact that it is largely achieved through her decidedly more masculine(p7)actions. >Given the restrictions of the time, she manages to gain a certain level of freedom - from being ruled over by a husband or father, although the former seems near in her future by the end of the novel. That she does this by playing the societal game is hardly to be criticised - is it not the sensible option? The ultimate futility of her quest for the American Dream (which was promised to all Americans, including women, but which Fitzgerald shows may have been merely an empty dream that was only really achievable by the male elite) does not undermine her efforts. She seems to live a somewhat more fulfilled existence than Daisy and Tom.> Gatsby is first found in this setting- Fitzgerald is careful to weave synaesthetic descriptions around the encounter by going into great detail about the quality of Nicks surroundings - he talks of the loud, bright night, with wings beating in the trees and a persistent organ sound as the full bellows of the earth blew the frogs full of life.(p15)Here he brings together sight, sound and touch to create a very real image within the readers head, and the mention of the full bellows of the earth(p15)bestowing nearby animals with life seems to give the moment importance beyond the individual consciousness of the narrator.>not just the depth of the description that is important here - it is the quality of it. Gatsby is bonded with heady, romantic imagery - he comes out to see the silver pepper of the stars(p15), and is spotted when the silhouette of a moving cat wavered across the moonlight(15). By combining Gatsby with the romantic images of the stars and the moon, beautiful and natural lights, Fitzgerald perfectly aligns the purity and romance of Gatsbys dream with the purity and romance of these symbols. However, when he gives a sudden intimation that he was content to be alone(p16)by stretching out his arms towards the dark water in a curious way(p16) and trembling(p16), it is not toward a romantic, natural light. On the contrary, it is towards a single green light, minute and far away, that might have been the end of a dock. This insubstantial and artificial light provides the object of Gatsbys quest - which we will find out in later chapters but is important to consider at this stage also - and its contrast the purity of his feelings for it (symbolised by the romantic imagery mentioned before) seems to be a bad omen.>This, briefest of glimpses, is all we see of Gatsby, for immediately afterward is Nick alone again in the unquiet darkness(p16). Fitzgerald has expertly navigated our interest in Gatsby - aroused at various points leading up to this one - from a source of mild curiosity to a strong desire for more information. The points about his dream and the lights are significant when looked back upon later on, but reading this for the first time, the romantic connotations to the mysterious man in the moonlight are overwhelming, and the mystery around him palpable.CHARACTER/CHARACTERISATION;How do we learn it?>We gain all the information throughs Carraways narration-the character/setting description and what order and how the story is told is up to him.TIME AND SEQUENCE:What do we learn?> Introduced to Carraway and his history-my family were prominent, well-to do people/ descended from the dukes of bacchleuch/wholesale hardware business(p3,4,5)>Then introduced to Daisy(Nicks cousin)and Tom, her husband+ Nicks old friend from Yale this is where Carraway states the summer really begins(p6).(p6,7,8,9,10,(11-where things start to take a turn)-natural lighting exists>Jordan Baker hints there are problems in Daisys+Toms relationship. Toms got some woman in New York(p11,12)>Brief moment of awkwardness/uncomfortable atmosphere after the phone call/argument- artificial lighting enters (p13/14)>Nick leaves the dinner feeling confused and disgusted (p15)before returning to his estate.>Introduced to Nicks first sighting of Gatsby as he stretched out his arms towards the dark water in a curious way/he was trembling(p16). > Readers first introduction to the green light(representation of Gatsbys dream-Daisy).>Overall, Carraway begins in the present but looks to the past straightaway-he doesn't always talk about the past sometimes we are brought in to the present as well as the future.TIME AND SEQUENCE:How do we learn it?>Nicks narration is how the reader gains the information, we gain the idea that he is writing those events rather tun telling them to us throughout the novel.

VOICES:What do we learn?>Chapter 1 (and novel)is told in Carraways voice(1st person) we get a biased self-conscious voice. reader gains all info/story through Carraway-everything is told to us through his eyes so we get his opinion on the events in the story whether theyd be judgemental/hypocritical or biased were sometimes forced to agree with his views subconsciously as hes the narrator. although Nick is not reliable hes the perfect narrator due to his temperament as were told by him he's tolerant,open-minded, quiet and a good listener (chapter1) and as a result of this other characters talk to him+tell him their secrets e.g. Gatsby as they feel confident in them,meaning that the reader gains more info.>Daisys voice/laughter is used as a symbol for her complicated/confusing character throughout novel. eg low thrilling voice(p8)=her voice is that of an angel/enchanting draws you in.VOICES:How do we learn it?>We gain all the information throughs Carraways narration-the character/setting description and what order and how the story is told is up to him.

POINT OF VIEW/PERSPECTIVE:What do we learn?>The story is told in the first person, through the eyes of Nick Carraway. The primary and most visible story is about Jay Gatsby and his devotion to his dream. Other stories, also told through Carraway's eyes, include Tom's reconciliation with his wife Daisy, Nick's own relationship with Jordan, and Nick's evolving friendship with Gatsby. Nick is only able to tell these stories through his limited omniscience. At times, he is able to narrate scenes despite not being present - but he rarely takes advantage of this fact. Although the story is told in the first person, Nick Carraway is able to easily become part of the wallpaper. His major character trait-reserving judgment - allows him to be almost an "invisible" narrator, similar to a traditional third-person omniscient point of view. Ultimately, however, if we lost Nick's point-of-view, we would never understand the evolution of his character. He is the invisible man until the end of the book, when suddenly, he has opinions about everybody.POINT OF VIEW/PERSPECTIVE:How do we learn it?>We gain all the information throughs Carraways narration-the character/setting description and what order and how the story is told is up to him.

Aspects of Narrative-Great Gatsby;chapter2, what do we learn and how do we learn it?

SETTING:What do we learn?>Valley of Ashes= half way between West Egg and New york between two wealthy places is this desolate area of land where the motor road hastily joins the railroad(p16)=ugly/uninhabited/rural area of land which is avoided by rich/wealthy people as only these types of people were able to afford a motor(car) so they dont want to know anything about this lifeless place and the people within it- a metaphor of where people end up when they dont make it in life-this lifeless place suggested by gray/ashes(p16). valley of ashes(p16)= juxtaposed language as valley=nature/garden of Eden/paradise/beauty but ashes=death/hell/burning/depression as well as screening the illegal activities that are taking place in order for people to get by. This area and its inhabitants are very poor as ashes take the forms of houses suggesting that the building within the area are of poor condition built by it inhabitants as well as suggesting the whole area is covered in ash from the houses to the people. there is a constant use of juxtaposed language/alliteration e.g. fantastic farm where ashes grow like wheat/grotesque garden=emphasis by Nick on how deserted and ugly this place is and how the people in it are at a point of despair. a gleam of hope+but above the gray land..you perceive after a moment the eyes of Doctor T.J Eckleburg which are blue and gigantic(p16)=god-like description almost as if this thing is judging the people in the valley blue=innocence/arian race.maybe he's questioning God on how this can be allowed to happen? as he had a persistent stare(p17)>Gearge Wilsons garage= unprosperous and bare/shadow of a garage(p17)=bleak place, depressing everything within it is covered in dust and ash as if it was burnt and abounded like a ghost city as suggested by shadow persistently used by Fitzgerald.Cars are a symbol of wealth and mobility and power and modernisation but they also represent labor and subordination (men like George Wilson service the cars of their betters), and they introduce new dangers, especially when the rich use them carelessly.>Tom/Myrtles apartment in New York=small living room/small bedroom=this is a small apartment used for affairs. theres constant mention of european furniture versailles(p20)=france is romantic/small apartment filled with large,grand furniture=sense of showing off by Myrtle as this is the beset thing shes ever had bit in no way does it reflect Tom/his lifestyle.SETTING:How do we learn it?Fitzgerald portrays a sinister image of the Valley of ashes and the people/buildings in it to the reader through Nicks narration. Fitzgerald makes Nick use various languages techniques in this chapter in order to emphasise the bleakness of this place and give the reader a sinister image, which allows Fitzgerald to portray the lifestyle of the lower classes in the 1920s to the reader deployed by Carraway. CHARACTER/CHARACTERISATION;What do we learn?>George Wilson=he was a blond, spiritless man, anaemic, and faintly handsome. When he saw us a damp gleam of hope sprang into his light blue eyes.(p17)=George is poor-wealth/no hope/no life as soon as he sees civilisation he finds a bleak sense of hope-representation of men in lower classes of 1920s.He owns a shadow of a garage(p17) that isnt doing well in this ghost town that is the valley of ashes.His wife, Myrtle treats him as if hes not there when around other people as she walked through her husband as if he were a ghost(p18)=unimportant/insignificant & no respect even though he is a man as he cant provide her the dream that she wants due to a lack of money/lifestyle-reference to ghost/him already being dead physically and alive in spirit only>seconded by he was mingling immediately with the cement colour of the walls(p18)=gray/death/covered in ash/no hope>seconded by -white ashen dust veiled his dark suit and his pale hair(p18)-sibilance creates a sinister/saddening effect/image to the reader.+ ashes=colour gray/death/hell-thus showing that Wilsons life is nearly hanging on a line(his wife/garage)>linking to time and how life is shortened.+veiled= a veil of death smothers Georges life-now trying to move on his suit suggesting an end soon.>time.-Tom states hes so dumb he doesn't know hes alive(p18)>Myrtle Wilson=represents women in lower classes=treats her husband(lower class) badly as she knows he cant provide for her so she looks for someone that canwalking through her husband as if he were a ghost,shook hands with Tom(p18)=readers aware shes having an affair with Tom, her affair is her attempt to rise and get out of the Valley of ashes because she doesn't fit in the suggested byher facecontained no fave or gleam of beauty,but there was an immediately perceptible vitality about her(p18) shes shown to be more alive than anyone else in this gray/dingy place/ shes shown not to fit in the lower class by Fitzgerald and shes aware of this and therefore uses Tom to remove herself from the ghost town for at least a few hours however in the future she hopes to permanently remove herself from the Valley of ashes. when she's with tom her character is shown to change and she uses every opportunity to use Toms wealth such as in the station drugstore (she bought) some cold cream and a small flask of perfume(p18)=uses every opportunity to provide for herself before getting a dog i want one of those dogs(p19)and she let four taxicabs drive away before she selected a new one,lavender-coloured with grey upholstery=tries to get luxury and act upper class but grey(depression) always follows her as she is a member of the lower class. Nick describes her using adverbs such asenthusiastically/haughtily(p19)=shows a sense of hope/life/self absorbance and a front of trying to be something shes not as she tries to act as if she is naturally from the upper class but yet she has to have sex/affair with a man in order to be satisfied with her life(so she can get what she wants)>with the influence of the dress her personality had also undergone a change(p21)/ her gestures,her assertions became more violently affected(p21).>Domestic dialogue between her &Tom =Some time toward midnight Tom Buchanan and Mrs. Wilson stood face to face discussing, in impassioned voices, whether Mrs. Wilson had any right to mention Daisy's name."Daisy! Daisy! Daisy!" shouted Mrs. Wilson. "I'll say it whenever I want to! Daisy! Dai "Making a short deft movement, Tom Buchanan broke her nose with his open hand.(p25)=She got punched as she talked too much for Toms liking and because she's lower class no one was really that concerned as Tom didnt care and Nick and Mr Mckee made their way out after the incident asap=big contrast to how everyone acted when Daisy hurt her little finger(p10)= the contrasting treatment of women in different classes.>Tom Buchanan=Tom uses/takes advantage of women such as Myrtle as theyre weaker(no money/wealth) he can provide for her and have an affair-hes not afraid to flaunt his affair even to Nick who is Daisys cousin-doesnt see him as an equal, Nick is weaker=The fact that he had one (a mistress) was insisted upon wherever he was known. His acquaintances resented the fact that he turned up in popular restaurants with her and, leaving her at a table, sauntered about, chatting with whomever he knew. (p17)/were getting off, he insisted. I want you to meet my girl(p17)= not afraid to flaunt the affair and disrespects women esp Daisy by blatantly cheating on her. Toms violent characteristics are apparent throughout e.g. its a bitch,said Tom decisively(p19)>seconded when he hits Myrtle Making a short deft movement, Tom Buchanan broke her nose with his open hand.(p25)=Fitzgerald displays men attitudes towards women+upper class attitudes to lower classes.>Nick Carraway= it had occurred to me that this shadow of a garage must be a blind, and that sumptuous and romantic apartments were concealed overhead(p17) =This represents Nicks inability to understand what poverty is-all he has lived in is mansions with maids and he cannot understand that others dont have equal wealth+self conscious character, whenever he feels awkward e.g. when tom and myrtle both disappeared(p20) he is uncomfortable with the affair that is going on so he begins to over describe everything in extreme detail e.g. read a chapter of Simon Called Peter, either it was terrible stuff or the whiskey had distorted things because it didn't make any sense to me(p20)/description of Catherine(p20). in this chapter Carraway is shown to favour the views of men e.g. when tom hits Myrtle he doesn't help her instead he finds the first instance to leave and escape from what just happened taking my hat of the chandelier, I followed(p25). CHARACTER/CHARACTERISATION;How do we learn it?>We gain all the information through Carraways narration- intentional by Fitzgerald as he is the perfect narrator=knows character secrets as they trust him enough to confide in him. but also he has different character traits eg hes self conscious so whenever he feels as if hes not providing the full story he enables the reader to know this for instance he states i have been drunk just twice in my life, and the second time was that afternoon:so everything that happened has a dim, hazy cast over it- he explains to us using his own critical judgements that the events that hes about to tell us about may not be exactly what happened that night as he was drunk and does not fully remember-enabling the reader to realise that we cant fully trust what he says- the way we gain our information is distorted=the information we gain may also be distorted.TIME AND SEQUENCE:What do we learn?> Going to New York on train Tom&Carraway=the valley of ashes is bounded on by one side by a small foul river(p16)> Getting off the train=when we stopped by the ash-heaps he jumped to his feetforced me out of the car(p 17)>Going to New York= Tom Buchanan and his girl and I went up together to New york(p18)> Journey to the apartment= we went on,cutting back again over the Park toward the west hundreds. At 158th street the cab stopped at one slice in a long white cake of apartment-houses(p19)>Going Back to West egg= then i was laying half asleep in the cold lower level of the Pensylvania Station(p26)TIME AND SEQUENCE:How do we learn it?The information Fitzgerald intended us to know we find out everything trough Nicks Narration.VOICES:What do we learn?>Georges voice faded off(p17)=reinforces the fact that George is seen as insignificant and of no use to society=a representation of those in lower classes of 1920s.>Tom= said coldly(p17)=agressive tone/manner>seconded when he hits Myrtle=represents men in upper classes of 1920s.>Nick=self conscious-confides in the reader throughout chapter 2 e.g. i have been drunk just twice in my life, and the second time was that afternoon:so everything that happened has a dim, hazy cast over it(p20)- he explains to us using his own critical judgements that the events that hes about to tell us about may not be exactly what happened that night as he was drunk and does not fully remember-enabling the reader to realise that we cant fully trust what he says- the way we gain our information is distorted=the information we gain may also be distorted.>Myrtle=hopeful/extreme vitality voice= said enthusiastically/ asked delicately(p19)=naive character with a lot of hope to remove herself from the valley of ashes where she does not fit in=representation of women in lower classes in 1920s VOICES:How do we learn it?>Although the only voice that we get is of our unreliable narrator Nick Fitzgerald uses Carraway to portray the voices and tones of other characters as they speak and act so that we get a sense of their traits and behaviour. an example is when Carraway deploys that Myrtle went haughtily in(p19) to the apartment block which suggests that she is pretending to act as if she's from the upper class as she believes that acting snobbish will make her look more sophisticated and as if she was born wealthy and into the upper class. POINT OF VIEW/PERSPECTIVE:What do we learn?>We only gain the perspective of Carraway throughout this chapter as he is our narrator so he tells us about the events that occurred throughout the chapter however he does defend himself in saying that everything that happened has a dim, hazy cast over it(p20) which means that the view that we get of these characters may be an illusion and could be distorted as he doesn't fully remember the occurrences after he started drinking. > We are only told as much as Nick witnesses which means we may not gain the full image of everything that happened that night meaning some parts of the story may be missing in the readers mind. POINT OF VIEW/PERSPECTIVE:How do we learn it?>We gain this information through caraway because he confides in the reader and tells them that this is what happened-Fitzgerald uses this as a way to communicate and tell the reader that this chapter may be confusing and not in order due to the narrator not being fully sober.

Aspects of Narrative-Great Gatsby;chapter3, what do we learn and how do we learn it?

SETTING:What do we learn?>Gatsbys party/house=two opposing images carried out by Carraway:>1)enchantment=in his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths(p26)=metaphoric language suggests magical atmosphere a sense of enchantment./bewitched to a dark gold(p26)=Bewitched is the language of magic and tricks. The gaudiness of the party is enriched. Harlequin can even be a good representation of the whole party. The scene is as absurd and comical as it is extravagant and luxurious because the rich are totally indulging in their wealth, interacting according to the rules of behavior associated with amusement parks(p27)/the lights grow brighter as earth lurches away from the sun, and now the orchestra is playing yellow cocktail music,and the opera of voices pitches a key higher(p27)=Fitzgerald uses Nick to explain that as the night goes on, people are getting more intoxicated. Thus making everything seem different.(syneasthesia)(i.e the lights are brighter, and the pitches are higher butyellow=hollowness so Nick was blown away at first but theres a sense of vacuity&shallowness but also represents a sense of /floated rounds of cocktails permeate the garden outside(p27)=The image of cocktails floating appears multiple times in the description of Gatsbys party. In reality the cocktails are being carried on trays by waiters that Gatsby has hired, however the guests at the party are ignoring the servants and only seeing the trays. They ignore the servants because the idea of someone working seems so absurd to them at a moment like this because of the indulgent atmosphere that Gatsby has created >2)vacuity=in his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths(p26)=Fitzgeralds use of the blue gardens in this passage is in an marked contrast from the grotesque gardens of the last chapters start. In the valley of ash description beforehand, the use of a colour, even though it is still in the cool spectrum.The moth imagery is significant because it conveys a sort of unconsciousness that Gatsbys party guests embody. Insects are traditionally viewed as unintelligent followers, traveling about without a specific purpose or reason. Likewise, the people attending Gatsbys parties are overall superficial, bouncing around without purpose.moths are particularly significant because they are tragic creatures; they move toward light for a sense of security, only to find that the light source is actually a harbinger of death. Comparing Gatsbys guests to moths implies that they are attracted to the brightness of the partys extravagance, yet unknowingly leading themselves towards self-destruction.The groups change more swiftly, swell with new arrivals, dissolve and form in the same breath(p27)=connotation of alcohol flowing thorough the party from words such as spill, and swell and phrases such as glide on through the sea-change of faces. Like alcohol,/People were not invited they went there. They got into automobiles which bore them out to Long Island, and somehow they ended up at Gatsbys door.(p27)=Gatsbys parties arent an invite-only affair, but a gathering of friends and friends of friends and friends of those friends, who wander and gather together with the simple desire to party. All they want to do is have a good time, and bathe themselves in the glow of Gatsbys luxurious lifestyle. Lost men and women ended up at Gatsbys door, as if its some kind of mysterious wonderland, an informal gathering of a diversity, a rainbow of the interesting and artistic elite of New York City, and all those who had managed to find their way there with the motive to become one of these vips. SETTING:How do we learn it?>We learn this trough Carraway's contradictory narration.CHARACTER/CHARACTERISATION;What do we learn?>Carraway=I believe that on the first night I went to Gatsbys house I was one of the few guests who had actually been invited.(p27) and then repeats I had been actually invited.(p27)=By reiterating to the reader that he had actually been invited, Nick lets it be known that he is one of the elite few at the party, asserting his power over the other lesser guests.He reassures not only the reader, but himself that he is wanted here and has come by choice, an option only those with high social mobility have. In a way, this simple fact confirms Nicks status as a member of Old Wealth, at least in his mind.>Dressed up in white flannels I went over to his lawn a little after seven, and wandered around rather ill at ease among swirls and eddies of people I didnt know(p27/28)=Carraway is new to town, and he does not yet realize that the hundreds of guests at the party are congregating in the house of a stranger. Carraway feels a bit of unease, believing that he is the only one at the party who is not yet a personal friend of the mysterious Gatsby. So he wanders through the crowds of people trying to find the host and exploring the rest of the mansion.>as soon as i arrived i made an attempt to find my host(p28)=Carraway believes it would be rude of him if he did not at least introduce himself to Gatsby, not knowing that many of the frequent guests hadnt even met him before. It is obviously his priority of the night, considering its the first thing he plans on doing. > Nick is unreliable=before he meets Gatsby he states we were sitting at a table with a man of about my age(p31)=Before he realises that this is Gatsby Nick doesn't see anything amazing about this man.But after Gatsby introduces himself (p32) Nick states that He smiled understandinglymuch more than understandingly. It was one of those rare smiles with a quality of eternal reassurance in it, that you may come across four or five times in life.(p32)=Nick seems amazed and enchanted by this man now that he knows its Gatsby hes almost shocked.Also After hearing so many rumors about this Jay Gatsby, Nick was expecting either some incredibly intimidating figure or someone stuck up. He wasnt expecting Gatsby to be so well-mannered and charming. He blends in so well its like hes a guest at his own party. however this could be because I had taken two finger-bowls of champagne, and the scene had changed before my eyes into something significant, elemental, and profound.(p31)=he was getting drunk again so everything including Gatsby could have been an illusion in Nicks head.>Most of the remaining women were now having fights with men said to be their husbands. Even Jordans party, the quartet from East Egg, were rent asunder by dissension. One of the men was talking with curious intensity to a young actress, and his wife, after attempting to laugh at the situation in a dignified and indifferent way, broke down entirely and resorted to flank attacksat intervals she appeared suddenly at his side like an angry diamond, and hissed: You promised! into his ear.=The evening is breaking down. What started off as a magical night is slowly deteriorating into fights, adultery and broken promises. This mirrors the breakdown of the magical lifestyle of the wealthy that Nick notices during the course of the novel.>Jordan Baker=represents one aspect of the glamorous life of a New York socialite. Beautiful and inviting, yet dishonest and shameless(cheating in golf).>as jordan+nick were talking two girls approached them and saidHello! they cried together. Sorry you didnt win.That was for the golf tournament. She had lost in the finals the week before(p28)Fitzgerald reminds the reader of Jordan Bakers job. She is a professional golfer. Though her golfing is not exactly significant to the plot of the story, she later in the novel cheats during a tournament. Almost every aspect of Ms. Baker features something corrupt, including her occupation.You dont know who we are, said one of the girls in yellow, but we met you here about a month ago.(page 28)=Gatsbys parties arent about building lasting relationships. They are all about having casual fun for a night. Jordan met these girls at the last party and forgot about them by morning.>Owl eyes= When Nick+Jordan attempt to find Gatsby they Stumble upon a library where they meetA stout, middle-aged man, with enormous owl-eyed spectacles, was sitting somewhat drunk on the edge of a great table, staring with unsteady concentration at the shelves of books.(p30)The spectacles are first associated with Doctor T.J. Ecklebergs blue and gigantic eyesfrom a pair of enormous spectacles in the Valley of Ashes, Here that are used to exemplify the wealthys aversion from the poverty and strife that the Valley holds.Ive been drunk for about a week now, and I thought it might sober me up to sit in a library.(p30)=Through Owl-eyes, Fitzgerald emphasizes the affect alcohol had on Americans in the early 20th century. Owl-eyes being drunk for about a week alludes to him being an alcoholic, like many Americans in this time period.>Fifty feet from the door a dozen headlights illuminated a bizarre and tumultuous scene. In the ditch beside the road, right side up, but violently shorn of one wheel, rested a new coupe which had left Gatsbys drive not two minutes before.(p35)=Drunken driving, recklessness and damage to property are the result of this magical evening.>You dont understand, explained the criminal. I wasnt driving. Theres another man in the car.(p36)=Foreshadowing for later chapters- Nick uses the word criminal to describe Owl Eyes even as hes claiming he wasnt the driver. Not the last time in this book someone gets blamed for the reckless driving of the other person in the car.>a ghostly pause. Then, very gradually, part by part, a pale, dangling individual stepped out of the wreck, pawing tentatively at the ground with a large uncertain dancing shoe.(p36)=There are a lot of ghost words (pale, ghostly, apparition, adding onto the fact that he just seemed to appear out of the car and no one knew he was there except Owl Eyes) to describe this man and scene and it almost serves the purpose of contrasting the magical liveliness of Gatsbys party with the aftermath and outcome of the guests- which is a lot more bleak and really really drunk to the point of functioning like ghosts, drifting away so carelessly that they crash not a couple feet from Gatsbys door. It also could refer back to the moth analogy and contrasting with that. (Guests coming to Gatsbys are moths but leave as ghosts)>Jay Gatsby= We know that Gatsby throws these extravagant parties hoping that daisy would turn up. however these so called guests just use him,his hospitality and wealth like parasite moths and suck out the wealth of Gatsby. we also find out that hes very generous/caring(p29)>we were sitting at a table with a man of about my age(p31)= Fitzgeralds incredibly inconspicuous introduction to Jay Gatsby. After building Gatsby up as some mythical figure through the rumors in the first 2 chapters, Fitzgerald just casually introduces him as an average guy. This indicates that all the outlandish rumors arent true and Gatsby is a lot more normal than his reputation states.He smiled understandinglymuch more than understandingly. It was one of those rare smiles with a quality of eternal reassurance in it, that you may come across four or five times in life.(p32)=Fitzgerald could have simply said Gatsby had a charming smile or something of the sort, but instead chose to dedicate a paragraph to how enchanting it is and how it made people feel. Gatsby has a way of making people feel like he is only thinking about them which helps him come off as more sincere. Gatsby is obsessed with winning people over (Nick, Cody, and obviously Daisy), so Fitzgerald helps elaborate on why he is so successful. By doing this Fitzgerald showed the full effect Gatsby had on Carraway once he established it was him..he was drawn into an illusion/enchantment.>we find out that he gets phone calls from other countries e.g. chicago (p32) all the time-our and Nicks first insight to what gatsby does for a living(illegal activities)CHARACTER/CHARACTERISATION;How do we learn it?>Every piece of information we gain is through Carraway. He is the mouthpiece between the reader and Fitzgerald who is the author. Nick is used to tell the story to the reader.TIME AND SEQUENCE:What do we learn?>Carraway is formally invited to Gatsbys party.i was one of the few guests that was actually invited(p27)>Gatsby has an extravagant over the top house party but does not socialise much apart from when he speaks briefly to Nick(this is Carraways first communicative encounter with the great gatsby.>Gatsby is known to rarely socialise with the guests as most of them don't know him personally they just turn up for his parties and this therefore causes various rumours to go around about of how he killed a man once(p29)/he was a German spy during the war(p29)>a weird instance in the high gothic library(p30) with Jordan and a stout,middle-aged man,with enormous owl-eyed spectacles(p30)>Nick meets Gatsby. has a brief conversation before gatsby gets a call from Chicago(p32) and excuses himself.>Jordan and Nick talk about Gatsby>Gatsby asks to have a private conversation with Jordan(p33)>Nick observes people for the rest of the party which is coming to an end(p34)>Jordan comes back extremely excited(p35)TIME AND SEQUENCE:How do we learn it?>We know this is the sequence of events as Nick tells the story in this order however we as the reader may not fully trust him as we know he is not fully reliable so the events that we are told about if they did occur may not have occurred in the same order that night as we are told as Carraway is writing this storey he is remembering everything that happened over the summer and he was drunk half of the time therefore making the sequence and time of the events in the novel questionable by the reader.VOICES:What do we learn?>Fitzgerald uses both voice of his narrator Nick and the setting that Nick presents in order to tell the story at the end of Chapter 3. When Nick relays how the lights grow brighter as the earth lurches away form the sun(p Fitzgerald is telling the story by creating the unearthly atmosphere that surrounds Gatsbys life as the setting draws the guests like moths to Gatsbys artificial world of drunken stars. Furthermore, Fitzgerald tells the story by highlighting how the narrative is unreliable as the narrator Nick lurches into the extravagance of both Gatsbys party and his life at this part of the novel. Fitzgerald emphasises the point in the irony of how, although he doesnt drink, Nick is intoxicated by the gaudy brilliance of the setting; thus, Fitzgerald has also told the story through his use of voice as he reminds the reader that Nicks narrative filters reality as the character does not, in fact, reserve all judgementsespecially when the Great Gatsby is involved.VOICES:How do we learn it?>The reader does not get a sense of anyones voice for themselves it is through Carraway that we know how he and others sound throughout the novel so therefore what he says the characters are like may not be completely true as we know he is unreliable.POINT OF VIEW/PERSPECTIVE:What do we learn?>the events in the first half of the book all seem to be narrated as though the events occur over a few days-but this isn't the case when Nick states: I see I have given the impression that the events of three nights several weeks apart were all that absorbed me. On the contrary, they were merely casual events in a crowded summer, and, until much later, they absorbed me infinitely less than my personal affairs.(p37)=Nick assures his readers that he isnt actually lost in the decadent, materialistic, and drunken lifestyle of the 20s. He was much more concerned about things like his job while this all was actually happening.But when he decided to go back and write a story about his time with Gatsby, he decided to write about the most exciting and Gatsby-related things that have happened to him over the course of several weeks, and thats why they were brought up instead of the regular boring stuff like going to work, etc. and the book takes part in the prolonged summerPOINT OF VIEW/PERSPECTIVE:How do we learn it?>reading over what i have written so far(p37)=Nick reminds us that he is literally writing out this story. And his purpose behind writing this whole story is so that he can sort out the events that have happened to him in New York and therefore tell us the story.

Aspects of Narrative-Great Gatsby;chapter 4, what do we learn and how do we learn it?

SETTING:What do we learn?>Gatsbys car= Everybody had seen it. It was a rich cream color, bright with nickel, swollen here and there in its monstrous length with triumphant hat-boxes and supper-boxes and tool-boxes, and terraced with a labyrinth of wind-shields that mirrored a dozen suns. Sitting down behind many layers of glass in a sort of green leather conservatory, we started to town(p41)=the phrases that Nick uses to describe the car: a monstrous, terraced with a labyrinth, and swollen with various boxes.-Nick doesnt approve of Gatsbys conspicuous consumption and also could show that something is missing in Gatsbys life so he tries to compensate it by the size etc of this car/hes trying to prove something e.g. the fact that he's old money when he actually is not=nothing humble bout his possessions and him?>Fitzgerald is implicitly commenting on the gaudy materialism of the era. The car is triumphant, suggesting that with this overblown circus wagon (to use Toms words), Gatsby is closer to fulfilling his quest for his dreams.+everybody=popular/extravegant/eye-catching-Gatsby flaunting his wealth, because everybody seen it its not that interesting anymore?bright=luminous represents the journey with Gatsby but Nickel=cheap metal, oxymoronic phrase showing something missing in his life/first clue to Gatsbys criminal involvement that this whole facade is fake. Many layers of glass=refraction hence distortion/about to tell Carraway about his life-two faced= many layers to gatsby? important as he maybe shattered by himself and his obsessions/Gatsbys shield for protection. mirrored a dozen suns=light/happiness symbolism/romantic atmosphere Nick is mesmerised again brought in to fake illusion that will soon be shattered(character/characterization). >His car and their journey to New York represents Gatsby and his american dream in many ways= Over the great bridge, with the sunlight through the girders making a constant flicker upon the moving cars, with the city rising up across the river in white heaps and sugar lumps all built with a wish out of non-olfactory money.(p44)=great-great Gatsby+The sunlight flickering is a symbol of enlightenment and a switch back and forth between contradictory societies. as well as the illusion/romanticism which overwhelms Nick created by Gatsby that Nick constantly is forced to enter as well as Gatsbys dream constantly apparent-always there.The city rising is a symbol of growth, being built from real money that was earned by hard labor. this contrasts the easy way out of old wealth.>white city rising up across the river in white heaps and sugar lumps all built with a wish out of non-olfactory money=Carraway is aware the city isn't built on honest money this sweet image of the city is shown to be ruined by illegal activity -reference to Gatsbys dream being ruined.>The city seen from the Queensboro Bridge is always the city seen for the first time, in its first wild promise of all the mystery and the beauty in the world.(p44)=The view from the Queensboro Bridge is the first glimpse you would get of Manhattan. It represents hope and promise, and for immigrants it represents the American Dream. The view from the bridge is untainted with negative experiences from the city and that is what makes it so beautiful.=here is Carraways realisation of the real reason hes here opposing to his previous illusional view=anything can happen now that weve slid over this bridge, I thought anything at all(p44).>this is where the truth comes out= Roaring noon. In a wellfanned Forty-second Street cellar I met Gatsby for lunch. Blinking away the brightness of the street outside, my eyes picked him out obscurely in the anteroom, talking to another man.(p44)=it was busy Midday. blinking away= sees the other side of Gatsby-brough to treaty by change in light just like at the Buchanan dinner party/ foretelling that gatsbys hope is going to be crushed as he's wasting his dream-romantic description=crushed reality of Gatsbys.brightness of the street outside=contrasting ideas of light=negative/positive. my eyes picked him out obscurely in the anteroom=Nick moves from dream to reality where he is unrecognisable in this underworld/ obscurely=adverb.=hes about to find out what Gatsby really does for a living and this illusion is going to be crushed.SETTING:How do we learn it?Fitzgerald uses the setting such as Gatsbys car as Nicks guide to the messages presented in his narration. The setting reveals many things about Gatsby as he was created as this mysterious/illusional character in the previous chapter here we are told by Nick about his lifestyle and him as a person in more detail and a more real/bitter tone which opposes this built up character of Gatsby that we believe is amazing and grand. symbolism of light and colour is used throughout the chapter in order to emphasise certain parts of Gatsbys life past and present.

CHARACTER/CHARACTERISATION;What do we learn?>Gatsby=likes to use his wealth Gatsbys gorgeous car lurched up the rocky drive to my door(p41)=Like his house, Gatsbys car is extravagant -another opportunity to show off his wealth.Gatsby drove a yellow Rolls Royce. The car is a symbol of wealth that he flaunts to get Daisys attention. It also plays a major role in Gatsbys fate later in the novel.=hydroplane=old sport(p41)=Old sport is an English term of endearment. Gatsby uses it constantly throughout the novel to bring attention to the short time he spent studying in Oxford (since Oxford is considered a school strictly for old money, and Gatsby desperately wants to fit in). But the phrase old sport isnt something that any English person would actually use=highlights that Gatsby doesnt really understand the way old money works as well as he thinks he does as hes just a bootlegger(P39)> He was balancing himself on the dashboard of his car(p41)=Gatsbys physical position, much like his social one, is contrived. Just as Jordan Baker is described in Chapter 1She was extended full lengthand with her chin raised a little, as if she were balancing something on it which was quite likely to fall.(p7)Nick describes Gatsby as balancing himself on the dashboard. He is constantly aware of the way he presents himself, never drinking and maintaining his fictitious history of Old Money (which he is about to recite to Nick). Gatsby cant let himself go and employs the physical balancing technique of the other wealthy characters to keep up his desired appearance.> He was never quite still; there was always a tapping foot somewhere or the impatient opening and closing of a hand.(p41)=The anticipation of recreating his past with Daisy is overwhelming now that it is so near. So much so that he becomes like a batter waiting for the pitch=nervous, sporadic games(p41)+ reader can sense Gatsbys impatience and restlessness, like the rest of the country during the 20s, particularly in the case of Wall Street, the Mafia, and even the working class socialist/communist movements. It seems no one in America could wait patiently for their dreams to come true.> the illusion of Gatsby being amazing slowly starts to shatter(reference to his car)=Gatsby began leaving his elegant sentences unfinished and slapping himself indecisively on the knee of his caramel-colored suit.(p41)=His elegant and well-crafted exterior (the impression he tries to give people) is starting to fall apart.>Look here, old sport, he broke out surprisingly. Whats your opinion of me, anyhow?(p41/42)=Gatsby is well aware of the legend that he has created and the rumours that are swirling around. He now seeks out Nicks opinion, as Nick appears to be his only true friend. He uses this as a set up to tell Nick about his life, but one must be skeptical of Gatsby when he claims to tell the Gods truth(p42)= Gatsby is trying so hard to convince Nick that he truly is old money that he has no problem bringing up Gods name just to prove a point. We have plenty of evidence to believe he might be lying, but Gatsby is insistent that this is the honest truth.God seems to have very little value, or at least, a very much corrupted value, throughout the novel. Just as T.J Eckleburg is viewed as the eyes of God in this world, and thus mixes consumerism with religion, Gatsby isnt bothered about claiming a lie is Gods truth.=I was brought up in America but educated at Oxford, because all my ancestors have been educated there for many years. It is a family tradition.(p42)=Unlike Nick Carraway who never formally introduces the fact that he graduated from Yale but instead alludes to it by referring to the Yale News, the people that he met there, and activities that he participated in Yale, Gatsby constantly brings up the claim that he was educated at Oxford and tries really hard to make others believe that he is highly educated. He also mentions that his ancestors all went to Oxford and it was a family tradition for him to go there in order to prove his aristocratic ancestry and to display himself as a member of the old wealth. Despite his assiduous efforts, however, Nick, as well as many others, still doubts the authenticity of his claim.as He hurried the phrase educated at Oxford, or swallowed it, or choked on it, as though it had bothered him before(p42)=He wasnt comfortable saying he was educated at Oxford. He didnt believe that he was educated there and he doubted that other people would so he tried to make it so other people werent sure they heard him right. He had said it before and he rehearsed it like he wanted other people to find out he was lying because it bothered him to lie about that.>And with this doubt, his whole statement fell to pieces, and I wondered if there wasnt something a little sinister about him, after all(p42)While listening to Gatsbys tale, Nick is having an extreme internal struggle, sparked by Gatsby swallowing/choking on his statement that he want to Oxford. This spark of doubt turned into something much more, when Nick used, for the first time, the word sinister to describe Gatsby. Prior to this conversation only words like romantic, hope and readiness had been used to create an image of Gatsby. By adding sinister to the mix, Fitzgerald opened a door that makes the reader reevaluate just who this Jay Gatsby is. A sinister man would be capable of killing someone, or being a bootlegger verses a romantic man who will throw extravagant parties night after night.>carries on lying=My family all died and I came into a good deal of money.(p42)Fitzgerald illustrates that the supposedly praised self-made man, who embodies the American Dream, is ultimately rejected from the exclusive circles of the wealthy who have only inherited their money rather than earning it.>we learn Gatsby went to war=Then came the war, old sport. It was a great relief, and I tried very hard to die, but I seemed to bear an enchanted life.(p42)=Gatsby viewed the war as a relief because he could take his mind off of the tragedy that just happened as well as take his anger out on the enemy. He was so miserable that he wanted to die, which explains alot about how he acts currently in the book. His mysteriousness and quietness are a result of the tragedy. He is traumatised, but seems to be blessed by God with an enchanted life, and therefore doesnt die after his efforts in the war. This infers that there is something special about Gatsby.> then hes brought back into the illusion after Gatsby shows Nick a souvenir from oxford(p43) as Carraway states then it was all true(p43)=illusion is back on track as Gatsbys His correctness grew on him as we neared the city. >Gatsbys carefully-crafted exterior is being put back on as they draw closer to the city.>Gatsby seems to have priority over everything= We slowed down. Taking a white card from his wallet, he waved it before the mans eyes.Right you are, agreed the policeman, tipping his cap. Know you next time, Mr. Gatsby. Excuse me!(p44)=When Nick and Gatsby are driving, Gatsby easily evades the authority of the police with a white card. Instead of performing his civic duties and enforcing the law, the officer treats Gatsby like an old friend. The officers treatment of Gatsby suggests police corruption and a skewed system of justice that favours affluent people above the average citizen. This type of behaviour illustrates the extent of control and influence the wealthy or prominent have in society because they have methods and the means to work the system to their benefit.The white card is a figurative and literal symbol of unethical privilege, entitlement, and freedom. Gatsby enjoys letting others know he has great advantages because it further establishes his identity as a distinguished, rich man. Nick sees the more sinister, suspicious elements of Gatsbys personality unraveling. Since Gatsby has connections with the police, it foreshadows that he may have some type of criminal history.>Meyer Wolfsheim= Carraway meets him in the 42 street cellar=A small, flat-nosed Jew raised his large head and regarded me with two fine growths of hair which luxuriated in either nostril. After a moment I discovered his tiny eyes in the half-darkness.(p45)=Fitzgerald portrays the derogatory/anti-Semitic movement in the 1920s purposely. this man is intentionally meant to be comical/funny like a caricature as displayed by many intentional misspellings in his speech e.g.He went to Oggsford College in England. You know Oggsford College?(p46)=That Wolfsheim mispronounces Oxford and feels the need to explain its significance is indicative of his position, like Gatsby, as an outsider to the East Egg, old wealth society. That Wolfsheim mispronounces Oxford and feels the need to explain its significance is indicative of his position, like Gatsby, as an outsider to the East Egg, old wealth society. Though well-educated themselves, Nick and Tom dont draw attention to their education, allowing it to be assumed, as when the narrator relates that he went to New Haven instead of naming Yale.-half-darkness=gloomy/anti-Semitic atmosphere.>he is said to have interesting cuff buttons which were Finest specimens of human molars, he informed me.((p46)=This little morbid detail perfectly emphasises Wolfshiems malevolence in a subtle way.Wolfshiem is a purveyor if death in every sense of the word. Not only is he a gangster who has people killed Wolfshiem is a purveyor if death in every sense of the word. Not only is he a gangster who has people killed he also wears accessories which are remnants of death.>Nick and reader find out what this man does= hes a gambler. Gatsby hesitated, then added coolly: Hes the man who fixed the Worlds Series back in 1919.CHARACTER/CHARACTERISATION;How do we learn it?In this chapter Carraways narration is made questionable by Fitzgerald as although we know he said he's inclined to reserve all judgements he judges Gatsby as he is sceptical of the story he tells him of his past and doesn't fully believe until a souvenir from Oxford is shown to him. this makes the reader question Nick as a narrator and whether he enforces a biased opinion/view upon the way we gain all the information. He is also shown to judge Wolfsheim once he meets him using his anti-Semitic views.

TIME AND SEQUENCE:What do we learn?>Nick lists out all the guests of Gatsbys parties that summer from his old timetable(p39)>Gatsby drives over to Carraways with his gorgeous car(p41)>Gatsby and Carraway drive over to New York, on their way there Gatsby tells complete lies about his past in order to remove the misconceptions formed by the rumours of Gatsbys party in Nicks head-Carraway is sceptical but in the end believes him(p42/43/44)>just before the end of the drive Nick catches a glimpse of Mrs Wilson straining at the garage pump with painting vitality as we went on by(p44)=Fitzgerald once again displays his knack for incorporating several prominent themes into a brief sentence.The imagery used by Fitzgerald to depict Myrtle straining is symbolic for the constant strain of the lower class against the rigid class system that they are bound into. Myrtle is straining at the gas pump in an attempt to break the chain that forces her stay in the lower class, while ironically filling cars, which are used as symbols for mobilisation between classes. By incorporating the strenuous activity of working with cars, Fitzgerald not only is suggesting Myrtles desire to transcend social classes, but also the means by which she plans to do so. This imagery reinforces Fitzgeralds use of cars as a symbol for social mobility.Fitzgerald continues to utilise the word vitality to suggest a desire to change social class, whether it be Daisys desire to break tradition and reunite with Gatsby at a lower class level, or Myrtles strenuous attempts to elevate her social status through Tom. The word vitality is persistently incorporated by Fitzgerald in an attempt to illustrate the strength of the desire to break the social paralysation that has ensued. The use of the word is especially ironic when describing Myrtle, as her attempts, although even more desperate than Daisys, have no hope for success.>Nick meets Gatsby for lunch in the 42 street cellar where he meets a gambler named Wolfsheim- and begins to realise what Gatsby does for a living and the types of people he associates himself with=drops out of the illusion.(p45/4647)>Nick sees Tom Buchanan and goes over to greet him with Gatsby, shortly after the greeting Gatsby seems to have disappeared and at this point Nick doesn't know why.(p47/48)>Nick meets Jordan in the plaza hotel where he is told about Daisys and Gatsbys past and her marriage with Tom(p48/49/50)>Jordan explains why Gatsby presents himself as this grand man and flaunts his wealth throwing parties every evening- it was due to the fact that he was hoping that she would drop in to one of these parties.(p51)>Then explained the favour that Gatsby is asking of Carraway-to meet daisy for the first time after 5 years of no contact bar one letter at Nicks house-this is because he wanted his house to look extremely grand so he could win her over and she would leave Tom and come back to him as he is now able to provide for her where as before he was not-he is aware she is phased by money so hoped this will bring her back to him. here she is not allowed to know that she will meet Gatsby she thinks shes just coming over for tea at Nicks house=all set up by Gatsby.(p51/52)TIME AND SEQUENCE:How do we learn it?Trough Nicks narration as well as Jordan-there is constant jumps from past tense to present and the other way.

VOICES:What do we learn?>Its through Jordans narration that is narrated back by Gatsby to the reader that Nick and reader finds out about Gatsbys and Daisys past as well as how Jordan knows Gatsby =The officer looked at Daisy while she was speaking, in a way that every young girl wants to be looked at sometime, and because it seemed romantic to me I have remembered the incident ever since. His name was Jay Gatsby(p48)=We finally discover more about why Gatsby has taken such an interest in Jordan and Nick out of all people; they have a connection to his former lover Daisy. The connection between the two of them is so strong that Jordan remembers exactly how they interacted even years later.=Wild rumors were circulating about herhow her mother had found her packing her bag one winter night to go to New York and say good-by to a soldier who was going overseas.(p49)=We have enough evidence to know that this mysterious soldier is the one and only James Gatz. We learn more about Gatsby and Daisys time together: it was interrupted when Gatsby had to leave for WWI. And Daisy was so in love with him that she tried to travel from Louisville all the way to New York to say goodbye to him.Daisy was willing to be with Gatsby, even though he was a poorer man, simply out of love. But losing him to the war made her extremely disillusioned to true love. She decided she would rather be with a rich man that will always be there for her than risk dating someone like Gatsby again. So we learn that Gatsby leaving for the war played a huge part in her reasoning in marrying a man like Tom. before she married Tom she had a step back where she got drunk due to the letter in the other hand(p49)=The letter here is assumed to be from Gatsby while he is serving overseas. He must have heard the news that Daisy was set to marry Tom and is making a last minute attempt to break it up. But she married him anyway.VOICES:How do we learn it?Through Carraways narration.

POINT OF VIEW/PERSPECTIVE:What do we learn?>After returning home from one of the parties Carraway gives reader an overview of those that attend Gatsbys majestic events this schedule in effect,July 5th 1922.But I can still read the grey names(p39)here Carraway jumps through past and present tense. The fact that this is on the 5th of july is significant as 4th of july in America is independence day=freedom/utopia-referring to Gatsbys party to have this feel of hope and freedom(american dream)-yet ironic as everyone there goes are drunk/outlandish people who aren't living the american dream=rules of behaviour associated with an amusement park(p27). grey=Fitzgerald uses colours to symbolise many things throughout the story,the colour grey means unimportant, lifelessness, and forgotten.=Nicks view of these people.>From East Egg, then, came the Chester Beckers and the Leeches, and a man named Bunsen(p39/40)=names are of sea creatures/animals showing that people of 1920s are animalistic/uncontrollable-showing why alcohol was banned as suggested also by Clarence endive who had a fight with a bum named Etty(40)-again referencing that there are no barriers/rules=a time period of conflicting/materialistic/immoral behaviour= amusement park=anything can happen.>opposing ideas of those from east&west egg=From East Egg(p39)=the names are Protestant, Western European (English German) names -these would be descendants of the first Puritans and people who came over with money as investors in the New World and now represent old money.>From West Egg(p40)= The West Eggers' names are Eastern European, Irish or Jewish and represent later and present immigrants who have come to start a new life, following the American Dream. They represent new money.=James B. (Rot-Gut.) Ferret and the De Jongs and Ernest Lillythey came to gamble(p40)=The Wall Street of the lower orders, as exemplified by the frightening character Meyer Wolfsheim. Nick himself deals in bonds, and Fitzgerald doubtless intended a parallel between illegal gambling and the kind of Wall Street speculation that Nick is engaged in, and eventually quits when he leaves New York.POINT OF VIEW/PERSPECTIVE:How do we learn it?>We always get Carraways point of view so we never know the true feelings/traits of other characters or setting and the events that take place as everything is told to us by Nick and hes given the opportunity by Fitzgerald to put his own spin of what has happened in some cases purely because he does not remember fully of what took place.

Aspects of Narrative-Great Gatsby;chapter 5, what do we learn and how do we learn it?

SETTING:What do we learn?>The day of the reunion arrived with pouring rain(p53)=not perfect-adding to Gatsbys worries+foretells the failure of Daisys and Gatsbys relationship/Water represents rebirth and this is the day that Gatsby and Daisys relationship was reborn.>Gatsby prepared Carraways house for this event as a greenhouse arrived from Gatsbys, with innumerable receptacles to contain it(p54)=The inevitable hyperbole of Gatsbys provisions and how he does everything for daisy he wants this day to be perfect.>Gatsby is showing Carraway and more importantly Daisy his house: we wandered through Marie Antoinette music-rooms and Restoration salons(p58)=Marie Antoinette and Restoration are two styles that are associated with ostentatious wealth. Marie Antoinette, is characterised by gold embellishments and colourful patterns that exemplify grandeur.whereas Restoration refers to an English style that incorporates Dutch and French influences and focuses on exotic and ornate detailing.Gatsby uses both styles because they make him not only appear to be very wealthy, but it makes him seem very culturally attuned. He obviously knows the two styles well enough to incorporate them into his house, which makes him all the more appealing to people of old wealth, like Daisy.>Sometimes, too, he stared around at his possessions in a dazed way, as though in her actual and astounding presence none of it was any longer real. Once he nearly toppled down a flight of stairs(p59)=shows Gatsby to be drunk with daisy not chartreuse(p59) as mentioned before which also is a reference to nature/green light.+His whole life is precarious, to the extent that he lacks stability in the physical world. Reality is a loose concept to this dreamer because he has constructed such an in-credible world around himself. This extends to include Daisy, who, in Gatsbys eyes, has grown in concept to unrealistic proportions.Worth noting that Nick Carraway finds an element of humour in Gatsbys instability. Toppling down stairs can only be a comic image. Nick recognises the absurdity of Gatsby, even whilst being amazed by him.>His bedroom was the simplest room of all except where the dresser was garnished with a toilet set of pure dull gold.(p59)= his room is the simplest because all this wealth etc is not for him its for Daisy.+so far in the novel, old-wealth families have made a case of letting their wealth show through their possessions, much like Gatsby has done with his parties. However, at the very core of his mansion, his own room is anything but pretentious, implying that his extravagant persona is only a front. Although this does not clarify where Gatsbys money came from, it is a heavy hint as to where it did not come from; his room is simple because he came into his fortune relatively recently, and therefore he has already lived a considerable part of his life without many luxuries. The golden toilet set reinforces this idea because it is a rather ridiculous indulgence, suggesting that Gatsby has not yet learned how to handle all the surplus money he has made>and there was a pink and golden billow of foamy clouds above the sea(p60)=Pink is often brought up when Daisy and Gatsby are together (later hell wear a pink suit when he insists to Tom that Daisy never loved him). It represents their love.SETTING:How do we learn it?Through Nicks descriptions

CHARACTER/CHARACTERISATION;What do we learn?>Gatsby= As Nick arrives home after the meeting with Jordan he thought his house was on fire but it was just Gatsbys house, lit from tower to cellar.(p52) and states to Gatsby Your place looks like the Worlds Fair,(p52)= constants references to an amusement park/not real/childrens play=Gatsby replies with does it?(p52)= hes not bothered as something(we know that its the tea party with nick and Jordan outcome)is playing on his mind. Then he offers a variety of activities for Nick to do together e.g. lets go to Coney island,old sport(p52) or take a plunge in the pool(p52) but this was all dismissed by Nick and also this is Gatsbys way of trying to hide his emotions and what he really wants to know from Nick- doesnt want to annoy him but the unknowingness is killing him inside. and as Nick was getting ready to go to bed(p52) Gatsby waited(p52) here he was waiting for Nick to mention his and Jordans conversation and in turn Daisy as shes been on his mind for 5 years non stop and everything hes done is for her. Then Carraway asked him what day would suit you?(p52) and Gatsby quickly corrected Nick by stating what day would suit you ?(p52)=showing Gatsbys extreme anxiousness but he makes it seem as if he doesnt want to trouble Carraway but inside he is terribly nervous and excited and then feels as if he has to repay Nick for this favour and offers him to get involved in a little business on the side, a sort of side line(p53) which we know is illegal activity but he likes to call it a rather confidential sort of thing(p53) as He fumbled with a series of beginnings. Why, I thoughtwhy, look here, old sport,(p53)displaying that he had false start an unusual characteristic not seen before, he stutters showing he doesn't want to get any of this wrong and in chapter 4 he confidently lies about Oxford as it was rehearsed but here hes seen to be different because this is a real situation and because he hasn't rehearsed it and its not a lie he finds it difficult to talk about it etc. after he sends a person to mow the grass at Nicks Gatsby An hour later the front door opened nervously, and Gatsby, in a white flannel suit, silver shirt, and gold-colored tie, hurried in. He was pale, and there were dark signs of sleeplessness beneath his eyes.(p54)=contrast Gatsbys outer and inner state sumptuously dressed, but his inner lack of confidence shows in his physical appearance;white represents purity Gatsby wants to woo her and seem like he is honest and pure. silver and gold represent old money Gatsby wants to seem like an old money man, not a nouveau riche person. He wears these colours to represent gold and silver coins (the ultimate old form of money > as he heard Daisys car pull up to Nicks house Gatsby deserted the living room and then there was light dignified knocking at the front door. I went out and opened it. Gatsby, pale as death, with his hands plunged like weights in his coat pockets, was standing in a puddle of water glaring tragically into my eyes.(p55)= Gatsby was so scared/nervous that he ran away from the situation but then he couldn't resist to meet his love after 5 years he came back soaked in water.>Carraway uses a series of adverbs describing Gatsby from when he arrives at his house blankly(p54) vaguely(p54), hollowly(p54), miserably his dream is on the verge of success or failure and he does not know which. Do they foreshadow the end? Do they reflect the failure of his hope? It is as if he already lacks life.> this is apparent when he states Of course, of course! Theyre fine! and he added hollowly, . . .old sport.(p54) when talking about lemon cakes with Nick=Gatsbys excitement, bordering panic, can be seen in these exclamations. He is feverish over meeting Daisy and is losing self-control.This is immediately contradicted by the adverb hollowly, which suggests that for all his excitement, he actually lacks substance. This is reinforced by the ghostly ellipsis preceeding old sport, which turns the phrase into something threadbare and lacking vitality. In many ways, Gatsby is already dead.>Gatsby is afraid and states he is going home Nobodys coming to tea. Its too late! He looked at his watch as if there was some pressing demand on his time elsewhere. I cant wait all day.(p54) =reference to time/Gatsby is getting cold feet about meeting Daisy. The moment hes been preparing for, the destiny hes been creating for five years is going to happen in close to two minutes/ironic that Gatsby cannot wait all day, because he has been waiting much longer (5 years) for Daisy.>after meeting her it became awkward and Gatsby was even more nervous and was becoming clumsy and his well rehearsed lies were now slipping up(p58)>after another moment alone with Daisy there was a change in Gatsby that was simply confounding. He literally glowed; without a word or a gesture of exultation a new well-being radiated from him and filled the little room.(p57)=It is not his silver shirt or gold tie that are bright now, but Gatsby himself. His inner fear is resolved for the moment as the fulfillment of his dream seems to promise.> He was running down like an overwound clock(p59)=he is too nervous and unprepared to accept the fact of Daisys reappearance. In addition, clock relates to time. Gatsby strongly refused to accept the unchanging pasting of time. He was desperate to reverse the past events in order to keep his relationship with Daisy to be as good as five years ago.>Daisy= when Nick calls her to invite her for tea he states dont bring tom and she replies Who is Tom? she asked innocently.(p53)Daisy is quite happy to keep Tom out of the picture, and this is without even knowing that it involves her lost love=shes not really in love with Tom just uses his money. As she arrives at Nicks house she states Is this absolutely where you live, my dearest one?(p54)showing she barely knows Nick/but also showing disbelief as there is a huge contrast to where she lives, almost like she's looking down on him even though they are both from the same high class of old money.>Carraways is mesmerised by her presence as if shes out of this world extraordinary as The exhilarating ripple of her voice was a wild tonic in the rain. I had to follow the sound of it for a moment, up and down, with my ear alone, before any words came through.(p54)=he presents her to have an amazing aura by which a man is lost in. >By the end Gatsby begins to feel doubt as though a faint doubt had occurred to him as to the quality of his present happiness.(p61)=Gatsby could be bewildered by his love for Daisy, finally becoming real in the flesh and blood, or it could be revealing the true nature of Gatsbys feelings. Now that Daisy is with him, she is more real than the Daisy that hes been building his life up to impress for the last five years. Gatsby could be doubting all the time and heart hes dedicated to Daisy, or whatever idea of Daisy that Gatsbys imagination has created. Five years is a long time, and people change, and the Daisy he loved before may not be the same Daisy that is with him now.= colossal vitality of his illusion. It had gone beyond her, beyond everything. He had thrown himself into it with a creative passion, adding to it all the time, decking it out with every bright feather that drifted his way. No amount of fire or freshness can challenge what a man will store up in his ghostly heart(p61/62)=The idea of Daisy that Gatsby has been cultivating all these years is an illusion of perfection, of immense vitality and life. Daisy may not be living up to the expectations that Gatsby has set for her, expectations that have been built and imagined upon from their love affair from five years ago. Its possible that Daisy has grown out of the woman that she was then, and isnt the same girl that Gatsby is so madly in love with.-On the surface, his love has been intensified by separation, yearning, and illusion; however, it is implied in beyond everything that his love has become deathless and surreal, dis-attached from the actual lover. The desperateness in the expressions decking it out with every bright feather and ghostly heart suggests the dangerous, destructive nature of love.>Daisy is mesmerised by Gatsbys possessions and indeed his wealth which is according to his plan that causes daisy to say It makes me sad because Ive never seen such such beautiful shirts before.(p59)Daisy cries out about seeing the beautiful shirts because they are so uncharacteristically like her memories of Gatsby before his transformation. These shirts are made of rich material and have monograms. It is hard to tell whether she is shocked and impressed by Gatsbys new lavish style or is secretly longing for her original memories of Gatsbys attire. Either way, the material objects has drawn a deep emotional reaction out of Daisy, and there is an obvious tinge of regret in her cries.Senses like smell, touch, and sight easily trigger memories of the past. Daisy seeing the beautiful shirts makes her think of her relationship with Gatsby and how romantic it was. Daisy is sad because their relationship cant be a reality because she is with Tom and time has significantly changed things.The author is also referring to a typical phenomenon seen in romantic figures: romantic love is very often much more about love as a splendid ideal than the lover, a particular agent of love. Creative passion means that greater passion has been generated with past memories as its raw material.CHARACTER/CHARACTERISATION;How do we learn it?Through the way Carraway chooses to describe the characters

TIME AND SEQUENCE:What do we learn?>Carraway returns from tea with Jordan Baker and asks Gatsby when he would like to see Daisy(p52)-Gatsby feels obliged to return the favour somehow and offers Nick an extra bit of work(illegal)(p53).>Carraway calls Daisy and tells her to come over without her husband(p53) >Gatsby sends a person to cut Carraways grass and brings loads of flowers in to his house before turning up himself not looking the best (p54)>Gatsby threatens to leave as he believes it is too late for Daisy to turn up and she wont come-only does this to hide his nerves(p54)>Daisy arrives and Gatsby disappears and then comes back soaked by rain(p55)>Nick lets them have a moment outside when he returns it seems the awkwardness and worries of Gatsbys have gone (p55)>Gatsby regrets inviting Daisy due to his nerves (p56)>Gatsby invites daisy and Nick to go over to his house, they do and take a tour to show her that he is wealthy now(p56/57/58/59/60)>Gatsby is shown to be disappointed as Daisy is not as perfect as he remembered her to be.(p61/62)>Luckily the clock took this moment to tilt dangerously at the pressure of his head, whereupon he turned and caught it with trembling fingers, and set it back in place.(P55)=constant reference to clocks and time/represents Gatsbys and Daisys fragile/broken relationship because he cant turn back time he cant save this relationship.TIME AND SEQUENCE:How do we learn it?The way the story is told and the sequence of events that take place in a specific order deployed by Carraway

VOICES:What do we learn?> As Nick tells Gatsby about the arrangement Gatsby feels as if he needs to repay him but Carraway states because the offer was obviously and tactlessly for a service to be rendered, I had no choice except to cut him off there.(p53)Nicks voice, his ingrained attitudes of right and wrong creep into his tone and comments often. Here he feels insulted that Gatsby would expect him to want to be paid for services rendered.> When Gatsby throws out loads of shirts at Daisy=Theyre such beautiful shirts, she sobbed, her voice muffled in the thick folds.(p59)=Daisys reaction to Gatsbys shirts demonstrates how well he hides his true self. Even she, the love of his life, is tricked into thinking that Gatsby is as beautiful as his costumes. Her voice, which is a symbol for old money, is muffled in the fabric; through the shirts, all voices sound the same, quieted, just as Gatsbys voice (origins of his money) is disguised by the way he dresses, speaks, and where he lives./Because Tom is having an affair, Daisy feels that her life has become bleak and colorless in a sense. Upon meeting Gatsby, his whole house and life style revolves around excitement and life. The shirts push her over the edge because of the intense colors that symbolize the life she could be living.>Gatsby plays a song= One things sure and nothings surerThe rich get richer and the poor get childrenIn the meantimeIn between time(p61)=The songs message about the unimportance of wealth suggests that Gatsby and Daisys love is more important then the material possessions they surround themselves with.>daisys voice exhilarates Gatsby=as she said something low in his ear he turned toward her with a rush of emotion. I think that voice held him most, with its fluctuating, feverish warmth, because it couldnt be over-dreamed that voice was a deathless song=Daisys voice is a powerful tool that moves Gatsby unlike anything else about her. Whenever her voice emerges, low and murmuring, it captures everybody around her and embodies all of Gatsbys rags-to-riches dreams with Daisy./By writing Daisys voice was a deathless song, Fitzgerald suggests that Daisy promises eternal life. Youth during this time is associated with the wealthy because it is only the wealthy who can have a life so full of leisure that there is no stress or manual labour to make them age.Because of the weightless nature of Daisys lifestyle, she is in a sense deathless, which Fitzgerald suggests illustrates by the song of her voice.VOICES:How do we learn it?>We learn about the character voices through the narration of Nick and the way he chooses to describe the voice of each character, the sense that we get from Nicks descriptions is enforced by his choice of words and language techniques to describe them with.

POINT OF VIEW/PERSPECTIVE:What do we learn?>Nick is usually the observer in many situation in the novel because he is our narrator he needs to be there as otherwise the reader wouldn't know what is happening. however Fitzgerald removes Nick from the room as he was in the hall(p55) when Gatsby and Daisy initially meet for the first time after 5 years, so the reader is unaware of how this moment unfolds. Fitzgerald does this in order to show that the true sense of their love cannot be captured in a text, it shows a mystique in their romance as the reader doesn't know anything.> we are again left out not knowing what happened between Daisy and Gatsby when Nick leaves the room/house..(p62)POINT OF VIEW/PERSPECTIVE:How do we learn it?> We learn this as we see that Carraway sometimes leaves the situation which means the reader also leaves and does not here the full story so it is through his narrative and his choice what we find out and what we dont.

Aspects of Narrative-Great Gatsby;chapter 6, what do we learn and how do we learn it?

SETTING:What do we learn?> Gatsbys party=Tom was evidently perturbed at Daisys running around alone, for on the following Saturday night he came with her to Gatsbys party. Perhaps his presence gave the evening its peculiar quality of oppressivenessit stands out in my memory from Gatsbys other parties that summer. There were the same people, or at least the same sort of people, the same profusion of champagne, the same many-colored, many-keyed commotion, but I felt an unpleasantness in the air, a pervading harshness that hadnt been there before.(p67)= A foreshadow of something bad about to happen, Toms presence is setting a negative atmosphere at one of Gatsbys party that are known to be full of happiness/music/enchantment.>Daisys disappointment of west egg=She was appalled by West Egg, this unprecedented "place" that Broadway had begotten upon a Long Island fishing village(p69)=This line describes Daisys prejudices against new wealth and that culture, especially Broadway and the culture of rich people that come from there. In this context, West Egg has become the place for newly wealthy people who got their money from Broadway success to live their lavish lifestyles, and Daisy resents them because these newly wealthy people created this unprecedented place instead of actually being born in and a part of the upper class. She sees it as no more than some pompous houses on a Long Island Fishing Village. She didnt care if they were famous because all that matters to her is whether or not someone was born into wealth.>Gatsby feels that Daisy is just out of reach i.e. reference to green light/Gatsbys dream=He looked around him wildly, as if the past were lurking here in the shadow of his house, just out of reach of his hand(p70)=Very similar imagery to the image used when we first met Gatsby. In the first chapter he is stretch[ing] out his arms toward the water in a curious way towards the green light. The same idea is used here to reaffirm that Gatsbys green light, his American Dream, is to recreate the past and everything that comes with it which is Daisy.>Out of the corner of his eye Gatsby saw that the blocks of the sidewalks really formed a ladder and mounted to a secret place above the trees(p70)=Gatsby sees Daisy as his connection to the Upper Class lifestyle, or his ladder up the social