Chapter 9 Control Zone Guidelines · Chapter 9 Control Zone Guidelines WSDOT Utilities Manual M 22-87.08 Page 9-3 May 2016 900.06 Control Zone Distance The Control Zone distance for

WSDOT Utilities Manual M 22-87.07 Page 9-1 November 2014

Chapter 9 Control Zone Guidelines900.01 General900.02 Clear Zone vs. Control Zone900.03 Control Zone Objective900.04 Definitions900.05 Application900.06 Control Zone Distance900.07 Recovery Area900.08 Supplemental Utility Design Information900.09 Project Applications900.10 Completing the Utility Object Relocation Record900.11 Variance900.12 Variance Request for Location I Objects900.13 Variance Request for Location II Objects

900.01 GeneralWashington State’s Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP) establishes strategies to reduce trafficfatalitiesandseriousinjuriesalongstatehighways,andidentifiesutilityobjects,specificallyutilitypoles,assignificantroadsidehazards.ThischapteraddressestheobjectiveofeliminatingutilityobjectcollisionsinaccordancewiththeSHSPandprovidesguidanceontheplacementofabovegroundutilitieswithinWashingtonStateDepartmentofTransportation(WSDOT)highwayrightsofway.FurtherinformationregardingtheSHSP can be found at: http://targetzero.com/pdf/targetzeroplan.pdf

900.02 Clear Zone vs. Control ZoneClearZoneisdefinedintheWSDOTDesign Manualas“Thetotalroadsideborderarea,availableforusebyerrantvehicles,startingattheedgeofthetraveledwayandorientedfrom the outside or inside shoulder (in median applications) as applicable…”

Fromatechnicalstandpoint,ControlZoneandClearZonearesynonymousinthatthecriteriaandmethodologyusedtocalculatethetwoareidentical.Thedistinctionisoneofpolicyinapplyingmeasurestoachievecompliance.Thedifferingpoliciesarebasedontherecognitionthataccommodationofutilityfacilitieswithinthestatehighwayrightofwayisinthepublicinterestwhensuchuseandoccupancydonotadverselyaffecthighwayoperationsorsafety.ControlZonePolicyrecognizesthatpracticableoptionsforutilityaccommodationaresometimeslimitedtotherightofwayunderWSDOT’scontrolandallowsforcertainmeasures,includingvarianceapprovalsofutilityobjects,withdueconsiderationforthesafetyofhighwayusers.

ItiscriticalforWSDOTstafftoworkcooperativelywiththeutilitiesinimplementingtheseguidelinesduringbothaccommodationandprojectdeliverycoordination,includinghelpingutilitiestounderstandthemethodologiesinvolvedwithControlZonecalculationandensuringanynecessarycorrectiveactionorotherremediesspecifiedinthischapterare implemented.

Control Zone Guidelines Chapter 9

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900.03 Control Zone ObjectiveTheprimaryobjectiveunderWSDOT’sControlZonePolicyisforallutilityobjectstobelocated outside of the Control Zone.

Itisnotalwayspossibleforutilitiestoachievethisobjectiveforreasonsthatincludephysical/topographiclimitationsandunjustifiablyhighcostsassociatedwithrelocatingorundergroundinglines.Becauseofthis,ControlZonePolicyallowsforauthorizingvariancesforindividualutilityobjectswhenjustificationcanbedemonstrated.Theseprocesses and criteria are described in 900.11.

900.04 DefinitionsSee Appendix A,Glossary.

900.05 ApplicationAllnewutilityobjectswillbeconstructedoutsidetheControlZoneunlessavarianceis authorized.Inaddition,utilitieswillberequiredtorelocateormitigateexistingobjectswithintheControlZonebyaddressingexistingobjectsduringWSDOThighwayprojects,utilityreconstruction,andFranchiseRenewal/Consolidation,orifthedepartmentdetermines that any existing objects must be relocated or mitigated for the safety of highwayusers.

(1) Utility Construction or ReconstructionDuringutilityconstructionorreconstruction,theutilitywilllocateorrelocateallutilityobjectstooutsidetheControlZoneunlesstheyareclassifiedasLocationIIIObjectsora variance is granted.

(2) Highway Improvement ProjectsDuringtheplanningphaseofstatehighwayimprovementprojects,WSDOTwillinformtheutilitythatitisrequiredtoadjustutilityobjectsthat,eitherpriortoorastheresultoftheproject,arelocatedintheControlZone.ForWSDOThighwaysafetyprojects(suchasI2projects),additionalrelocationormitigationforobjectsoutsidetheControlZonemaybenecessary.Inthesecases,WSDOTwillworkwiththeutilitiesandadjoiningpropertyownerstodetermineavailableoptionsandcoordinateanynecessarycorrectiveaction.

WSDOTwillnotifytheutilitiesofupcominghighwayimprovementprojectsasearlyaspossible.Duringtheprojectdevelopmentphase,theutilitywillbeadvisedofthescheduledproject advertising date and of those utility objects requiring relocation.

(3) Franchise Renewal and ConsolidationPriortorenewalorconsolidationoffranchisesthatincludeabovegroundutilityobjects,theutilityshallidentifyallLocationIandLocationIIObjectswithintheproposedFranchiseRenewalorConsolidationandsubmitaCorrectiveActionPlanandscheduleofrelocation,reclassification,orcountermeasuresforWSDOTreviewandapproval.Itisexpectedthatautilitycompanywillbudgetresourcestoaccomplishtheworknecessarytorenewfranchisedocuments,includingbringingitsfacilitiesincompliancewithControlZonerequirements.

Chapter 9 Control Zone Guidelines

WSDOT Utilities Manual M 22-87.08 Page 9-3 May 2016

900.06 Control Zone DistanceTheControlZonedistanceforanyparticularhighwaysegmentvariesaccordingtothepostedspeed,trafficvolumes,andsideslopesofthehighway.Thissectioncontainsmethods and supporting information on determining the Control Zone distance for a particularlocationalongthehighway,including:

• General guidance for determining Control Zone distance.• DifferentmethodsofControlZonecalculationandexamplesapplicabletovarioushighwaygeometricconditions(Conditions1through6).

• ClearZoneDistanceTable(seeFigure900-9)tobeutilizedinControlZone calculation.

• RecoveryAreaFormulaforusewithConditions4and6.

(1) General Guidance for Determining Control Zone Distance• Alldistancesaremeasuredfromtheedgeofthethroughlane,extendingoutwardperpendiculartothetraveledway.

• Roadside is the distance measured from the edge of the through lane to the beginning ofthebackslope,asinConditions2,3,and4,andfromtheedgeofthethroughlanetothetoeoftheslope,asinCondition6.

• TheShoulderinthediagramsprovidedisunderstoodtobethe“UseableShoulder”• Sloperatiosareexpressed,infeet,as3H:1V,4H:1V,5H:1V.Thefirstnumberrepresentsthehorizontaldistanceandthesecondrepresentstheverticaldistance(see Figure900-1).

Horizontal Distance

Vertical Distance

Slope

Slope RatioFigure 900-1

• Forfillsectionswherethesideslopeareaincludesmultiplesloperatiosof4H:1Vorflatter(Condition5),theapplicablesloperatioshouldbedeterminedbasedonaveragingthesloperatiosaccordingtothefollowingmethod:

Slope Averaging 1. A1/A2 + B1/B2 = C 2. Slope Average = A1+B1

C Where: A1 = widthofthefirstslopesection,measuredfromthebeginning of the sideslope to the beginning of the next slope section A2 = horizontalvalueinthesloperatiocorrespondingwithA1 B1 = widthofthenextslopesection,measuredfromthebeginning of the section to the face of utility object B2 = horizontalvalueinthesloperatiocorrespondingwithB1



Example:

WSDOT Utilities Manual M 22-87.05 Page 9-1April 2013

Example:

4H:1V

6H:1V

Shld.

Hazard3' 16' 7'

Slope AveragingFigure 900-2

A1=16,A2=4,B1=7,B2=61. 16/4 + 7/6 = 4 +1.17 = 5.17 2. 23/5.17 = 4.45 Average slope = 4:1

• The Recovery Area Formula (see 900.07) is normally used when the cutsection foreslope (Condition 4) or the fill section sideslope (Condition 6) is steeper than 4H:1V, but not steeper than 3H:1V. WhenusingtheRecoveryAreaFormulatocalculatetheClear Zone,ifthehighwaysectionincludesaditch,slopedataforthebackslopemustalsobecollectedandfactoredintotheformula.

• Whenauxiliarylanes for parking,vehicle pull-out,turning,orstoragearepresent,theControlZonebeginsattheedgeofthethroughlane.WhentheRecoveryAreaFormulaisused,the shoulderwidthdistancewillincludetheseauxiliarylanewidths.

• Formanagedaccesscitystreetsthatarepartofstatehighways,citiesmayadopt Control Zone standards that vary from the requirements of this chapter (see RCW47.24.020).

(2) Determining the Control Zone Distance for Various Highway Geometric Conditions

Control Zone distance at a particular location isdeterminedusingthefollowingmethods. Choose one ofthesixConditionswithmatching highwaysectioncharacteristics andfollowthelistedstepsandinstructions.Thetablereferredto in this sectionistheClearZoneDistanceTable(see Figure900-9).

Slope AveragingFigure 900-2

A1=16,A2=4,B1=7,B2=6 1. 16/4 + 7/6 = 4 +1.17 = 5.17 2. 23/5.17 = 4.45 Average slope = 4:1• TheRecoveryAreaFormula(see900.07)isnormallyusedwhenthecutsectionforeslope(Condition4)orthefillsectionsideslope(Condition6)issteeperthan4H:1V,butnotsteeperthan3H:1V.WhenusingtheRecoveryAreaFormulatocalculatetheClearZone,ifthehighwaysectionincludesaditch,slopedataforthebackslopemustalsobecollectedandfactoredintotheformula.

• Whenauxiliarylanesforparking,vehiclepull-out,turning,orstoragearepresent,theControlZonebeginsattheedgeofthethroughlane.WhentheRecoveryAreaFormulaisused,theshoulderwidthdistancewillincludetheseauxiliarylanewidths.

• Formanagedaccesscitystreetsthatarepartofstatehighways,citiesmayadopt Control Zone standards that vary from the requirements of this chapter (see RCW47.24.020).

(2) Determining the Control Zone Distance for Various Highway Geometric ConditionsControlZonedistanceataparticularlocationisdeterminedusingthefollowingmethods.ChooseoneofthesixConditionswithmatchinghighwaysectioncharacteristicsandfollowthelistedstepsandinstructions.ThetablereferredtointhissectionistheClearZoneDistanceTable(seeFigure900-9).

(3) Cut Sections: Conditions 1, 2, 3, and 4

(a) Cut Section: Condition 1• No ditch• Backslopesof3H:1Vorflatter

TheControlZoneisreaddirectlyfromthetablebasedonpostedspeed,averagedailytraffic(ADT),andbackslope.

Step 1: Locate posted speed Step 2: LocateADT Step 3: Locatebackslope Step 4: Read CZ directly from table



Example:



(3) Cut Sections: Conditions 1, 2, 3, and 4

(a) Cut Section: Condition 1

• No ditch• Backslopes of 3H:1V or flatter

TheControlZoneisreaddirectlyfromthetablebasedonpostedspeed,averagedailytraffic(ADT),andbackslope.

Step 1: Locate posted speed

Step 2: LocateADT

Step 3: Locatebackslope

Step 4: Read CZ directly from table

Example:

12 ft Lane

Edge of traveled way

CZ = 13 ft

Backslope 4H:1V

Step 1: Speed is 45 mphStep 2: Traffic is 1900 ADTStep3:Backslopeis4H:1VStep 4: Read 13 feet directly from tableControl Zone = 13 feet

Control Zone Cut Section: Condition 1Figure 900-3

(b) Cut Section: Condition 2

• Ditch foreslopes of 4H:1V or flatter• For all ditch backslopes, use 10H:1V cut section in calculations

TheControlZonedistanceisthegreaterof:

1. Readdirectlyfromthetablebasedonpostedspeed,averagedailytraffic(ADT),andabackslopeof10H:1V.


Step 2: LocateADT

Step 3: Usebackslopeof10H:1V

Step 4: Read directly from table

2. Fivefeetbeyondtheroadside width.

Step 1: Locateroadsidewidth

Step 2: Add5feettotheroadsidewidth

Step 1: Speed is 45 mph Step 2: Traffic is 1900 ADT Step 3: Backslope is 4H:1V Step 4: Read 13 feet directly from tableControl Zone = 13 feet


(b) Cut Section: Condition 2• Ditchforeslopesof4H:1Vorflatter• For all backslopes, use 10H:1V cut section in calculations

TheControlZonedistanceisthegreaterof:

1. Readdirectlyfromthetablebasedonpostedspeed,averagedailytraffic(ADT),andabackslopeof10H:1V.

Step 1: Locate posted speed Step 2: LocateADT Step 3: Usebackslopeof10H:1V Step 4: Read directly from table

2. Fivefeetbeyondtheroadsidewidth. Step 1: Locateroadsidewidth

Step 2: Add5feettotheroadsidewidth

Example:


Page 9-6 WSDOT Utilities Manual M 22-87.05April 2013

Example:

11 ft Lane


CZ = 23 ft

Backslope

Foreslope 4H:1V

Roadside 17 ft 5 ft

Beginning of backslope

1. Step 1: Speed is 55 mphStep 2: Traffic is 4200 ADTStep3:Foreslope4H:1Vorflatter:useabackslopeof10H:1V(fromtable)Step 4: Read 23 feet directly from table

2. Step1:Roadsidewidthis17feetStep 2: 17 feet plus 5 feet = 22 feet

Solution = Greater of: 1. = 23 feet or 2. = 22 feetControl Zone = 23 feet

Control Zone Cut Section: Condition 2 Figure 900-4

(c) Cut Section: Condition 3

• Ditch foreslope is steeper than 4H:1V• Ditch backslope is steeper than 3H:lV

TheControlZonedistanceisestablishedat10feetbeyondthebeginning of backslope(roadsidewidth).


Step 2: Add 10 feet to the beginningofbackslope(roadsidewidth)

Example:

12 ft Lane


CZ = 19 ft

Backslope 2H:1VForeslope 3H:1V

Roadside 9 ft 10 ft


Step1:Roadsidewidthis9feetStep 2: 9 feet plus 10 feet = 19 feetControl Zone = 19 feet


1. Step 1: Speed is 55 mph Step 2: Traffic is 4200 ADT Step 3: Foreslope 4H:1V or flatter: use a backslope of 10H:1V (from table) Step 4: Read 23 feet directly from table

2. Step 1: Roadside width is 17 feet Step 2: 17 feet plus 5 feet = 22 feet





(c) Cut Section: Condition 3• Ditch foreslope is steeper than 4H:1V• Ditch backslope is steeper than 3H:lV

TheControlZonedistanceisestablishedat10feetbeyondthebeginningofbackslope(roadsidewidth).

Step 1: Locateroadsidewidth Step 2: Add10feettothebeginningofbackslope(roadsidewidth)

Example:



Example:

11 ft Lane


CZ = 23 ft

Backslope

Foreslope 4H:1V

Roadside 17 ft 5 ft


1. Step 1: Speed is 55 mphStep 2: Traffic is 4200 ADTStep3:Foreslope4H:1Vorflatter:useabackslopeof10H:1V(fromtable)Step 4: Read 23 feet directly from table

2. Step1:Roadsidewidthis17feetStep 2: 17 feet plus 5 feet = 22 feet



(c) Cut Section: Condition 3

• Ditch foreslope is steeper than 4H:1V• Ditch backslope is steeper than 3H:lV

TheControlZonedistanceisestablishedat10feetbeyondthebeginning of backslope(roadsidewidth).


Step 2: Add 10 feet to the beginningofbackslope(roadsidewidth)

Example:

12 ft Lane


CZ = 19 ft

Backslope 2H:1VForeslope 3H:1V

Roadside 9 ft 10 ft


Step1:Roadsidewidthis9feetStep 2: 9 feet plus 10 feet = 19 feetControl Zone = 19 feet


Step 1: Roadside width is 9 feet Step 2: 9 feet plus 10 feet = 19 feetControl Zone = 19 feet


(d) Cut Section: Condition 4• Ditch foreslope is steeper than 4H:1V, but not steeper than 3H:1V*• Ditchbackslopeis3H:1Vorflatter

*Note:Forsteeperslopes,theRecoveryAreaFormulamaybeusedasaguideifthedifferenceinelevationbetweentheedgeoftravelledwayandbottomofditchis10feetor less.

TheControlZonedistanceistherecoveryareacalculatedusingtheRecoveryAreaFormula(see900.07).

Step 1: Locate posted speed Step 2: LocateADT Step 3: Locatebackslope Step 4: Read CZ distance from table Step 5: Locateroadsidewidth Step 6: Locateshoulderwidth Step 7: UseRecoveryAreaFormula



Example:



(d) Cut Section: Condition 4

• Ditch foreslope is steeper than 4H:1V, but not steeper than 3H:1V*• Ditch backslope is 3H:1V or flatter

*Note: For steeperslopes,theRecoveryAreaFormulamaybeusedasaguideifthedifferenceinelevationbetweentheedgeoftravelledwayandbottomofditchis 10 feet or less.

TheControlZonedistanceistherecoveryareacalculatedusingtheRecoveryAreaFormula (see 900.07).


Step 2: LocateADT

Step 3: Locatebackslope

Step 4: Read CZ distance from table


Step 6: Locateshoulderwidth

Step 7: UseRecoveryAreaFormula

Example:

Foreslope3H:1V

6 ftShoulder 6 ft

Recovery Area = 20 ft


12 ft Lane

Backslope 4H:1V

Roadside 12 ft CZ – Shld.

Step 1: Speed is 40 mphStep 2: Traffic is 3000 ADTStep3:Backslopeis4H:1VStep4:Readfromtable,CZis14feetStep5:Roadsidewidthis12feet (6-foot shoulder + 6-foothorizontaldistance)Step6:Shoulderwidthis 6 feetStep 7: (12 feet) + (14 feet – 6 feet) = 20 feetControl Zone = 20 feet


Step 1: Speed is 40 mph Step 2: Traffic is 3000 ADT Step 3: Backslope is 4H:1V Step 4: Read from table, CZ is 14 feet Step 5: Roadside width is 12 feet (6-foot shoulder + 6-foot horizontal distance) Step 6: Shoulder width is 6 feet Step 7: (12 feet) + (14 feet – 6 feet) = 20 feetControl Zone = 20 feet


(4) Fill Section: Conditions 5 and 6

(a) Fill Section: Condition 5• Sideslopeis4H:1Vorflatter

TheControlZonedistanceisreaddirectlyfromthetablebasedonpostedspeed,sideslope,andaveragedailytraffic(ADT).

Step 1: Locate posted speed Step 2: LocateADT Step 3: Locate sideslope (use slope averaging formula; see 900.06(1) whensidesloperatiovaries) Step 4: Read CZ directly from table

Example:



(4) Fill Section: Conditions 5 and 6

(a) Fill Section: Condition 5

• Sideslope is 4H:1V or flatter

TheControlZonedistanceisreaddirectlyfromthetablebasedonpostedspeed,sideslope,and averagedailytraffic(ADT).


Step 2: LocateADT

Step 3: Locate sideslope (use slope averaging formula; see 900.06(1) whensideslope ratio varies)

Step 4: Read CZ directly from table

Example:

12 ft Lane


CZ = 17 ft

Sideslope 6H:1V

Step 1: Speed is 50 mphStep 2: Traffic is 320 ADTStep 3: Sideslope is 6H:1VStep 4: Read 17 feet directly from tableControl Zone = 17 feet

Control Zone Fill Section: Condition 5Figure 900-7

Step 1: Speed is 50 mph Step 2: Traffic is 320 ADT Step 3: Sideslope is 6H:1V Step 4: Read 17 feet directly from tableControl Zone = 17 feet



Page 9-8 WSDOT Utilities Manual M 22-87.08 May 2016

(b) Fill Section: Condition 6• Sideslope is 3H:1V or steeper*

TheControlZonedistanceistherecoveryarea,calculatedusingtheRecoveryAreaFormula(see900.07).

*Note:RecoveryAreaFormulanormallyappliestoslopessteeperthan4H:1V,butnotsteeperthan3H:1V.Forsteeperslopes,theRecoveryAreaFormulamaybeusedasaguideiftheembankmentheightis10feetorless.

RecoveryArea=shoulderwidth+horizontalnonrecoverablesideslopedistance(roadsidewidth)+(ControlZonedistancefromtable–shoulderwidth)

Step 1: Locate posted speed Step 2: LocateADT Step 3: Locate existing ground sideslope Step 4: Read CZ distance from table Step 5: Locateroadsidewidth Step 6: Locateshoulderwidth Step 7: UseRecoveryAreaFormula

Example:



(b) Fill Section: Condition 6

• Sideslope is 3H:1V or steeper*

TheControlZonedistanceistherecoveryarea,calculatedusingtheRecoveryAreaFormula(see 900.07).

*Note: RecoveryAreaFormulanormallyapplies to slopes steeper than 4H:1V, but not steeperthan3H:1V.For steeperslopes,theRecoveryAreaFormulamaybeusedasaguideiftheembankmentheightis10feetorless.

Forinstallationswherethesideslopeissteeperthan3H:1Vandthefillheight is greaterthan10feet,consultFigure900-16,GuidelinesforEmbankmentBarrier. If embankmentbarrierisnotrecommended,ControlZoneistheRecovery Area.

Recovery Area = shoulderwidth+horizontalnonrecoverablesideslopedistance (roadside width)+(ControlZonedistancefromtable –shoulder width)

Step 1: Locate posted speedStep 2: LocateADTStep 3: Locate existing ground sideslopeStep 4: Read CZ distance from tableStep 5: LocateroadsidewidthStep 6: LocateshoulderwidthStep 7: UseRecoveryAreaFormula

Example:

Ground Sideslope 6H:1V

12 ft Lane


Sideslope 3H:1V

8 ft Shld

Roadside = 18 ft

Recovery Area = 26 ft

CZ – Shld

Step 1: Speed is 40 mphStep 2: Traffic is 3000ADTStep3:Existinggroundsideslopeis 6H:1VStep4:Readfromtable,CZis16feetStep5:Roadsidewidthis 18 feetStep6:Shoulderwidthis 8 feetStep 7: (18 feet) + (16 feet – 8 feet shld) = 26 feetControl Zone = 26 feetNote: Forpositive(+)groundsideslopes,useCondition3or4.

Control Zone Fill Section: Condition 6 Figure 900-8

Step 1: Speed is 40 mph Step 2: Traffic is 3000 ADT Step 3: Existing ground sideslope is 6H:1V Step 4: Read from table, CZ is 16 feet Step 5: Roadside width is 18 feet Step 6: Shoulder width is 8 feet Step 7: (18 feet) + (16 feet – 8 feet shld) = 26 feetControl Zone = 26 feetNote: For positive (+) ground sideslopes, use Condition 3 or 4.




Clear Zone Distances for State Highways Outside Incorporated Cities*(In feet, from edge of traveled way**)

Posted Speed mph

Average Daily

Traffic

Cut Section (Backslope) (H:V)

Fill Section (H:V)

3:1 4:1 5:1 6:1 8:1 10:1 3:1 4:1 5:1 6:1 8:1 10:135 or Less The Control Zone distance is 10 feet

40

Under 250 10 10 10 10 10 10 *** 13 12 11 11 10251-800 11 11 11 11 11 11 *** 14 14 13 12 11

801-2000 12 12 12 12 12 12 *** 16 15 14 13 122001-6000 14 14 14 14 14 14 *** 17 17 16 15 14Over 6000 15 15 15 15 15 15 *** 19 18 17 16 15

45

Under 250 11 11 11 11 11 11 *** 16 14 13 12 11251-800 12 12 13 13 13 13 *** 18 16 14 14 13

801-2000 13 13 14 14 14 14 *** 20 17 16 15 142001-6000 15 15 16 16 16 16 *** 22 19 17 17 16Over 6000 16 16 17 17 17 17 *** 24 21 19 18 17

50

Under 250 11 12 13 13 13 13 *** 19 16 15 13 13251-800 13 14 14 15 15 15 *** 22 18 17 15 15

801-2000 14 15 16 17 17 17 *** 24 20 18 17 172001-6000 16 17 17 18 18 18 *** 27 22 20 18 18Over 6000 17 18 19 20 20 20 *** 29 24 22 20 20

55

Under 250 12 14 15 16 16 17 *** 25 21 19 17 17251-800 14 16 17 18 18 19 *** 28 23 21 20 19

801-2000 15 17 19 20 20 21 *** 31 26 23 22 212001-6000 17 19 21 22 22 23 *** 34 29 26 24 23Over 6000 18 21 23 24 24 25 *** 37 31 28 26 25

60

Under 250 13 16 17 18 19 19 *** 30 25 23 21 20251-800 15 18 20 20 21 22 *** 34 28 26 23 23

801-2000 17 20 22 22 23 24 *** 37 31 28 26 252001-6000 18 22 24 25 26 27 *** 41 34 31 29 28Over 6000 20 24 26 27 28 29 *** 45 37 34 31 30

65

Under 250 15 18 19 20 21 21 *** 33 27 25 23 22251-800 17 20 22 22 24 24 *** 38 31 29 26 25

801-2000 19 22 24 25 26 27 *** 41 34 31 29 282001-6000 20 25 27 27 29 30 *** 46 37 35 32 31Over 6000 22 27 29 30 31 32 *** 50 41 38 34 33

70

Under 250 16 19 21 21 23 23 *** 36 29 27 25 24251-800 18 22 23 24 26 26 *** 41 33 31 28 27

801-2000 20 24 26 27 28 29 *** 45 37 34 31 302001-6000 22 27 29 29 31 32 *** 50 40 38 34 33Over 6000 24 29 31 32 34 35 *** 54 44 41 37 36

*This figure also applies to limited access state highways in cities and median areas on managed access state highways in cities. (See the Design Manual for guidance on managed access state highways within incorporated cities.) **Traveled way: The portion of the roadway intended for the movement of vehicles, exclusive of shoulders and lanes for parking, turning, and storage for turning. ***When the fill section slope is steeper than 4H:1V, but not steeper than 3H:1V, the Control Zone distance is modified by the Recovery Area Formula and is referred to as the recovery area. The basic philosophy behind the Recovery Area Formula is that a vehicle can traverse these slopes but cannot recover (control steering); therefore, the horizontal distance of these slopes is added to the Control Zone distance to form the recovery area.

Clear Zone Distance TableFigure 900-9



900.07 Recovery AreaNote: Figure900-10clarifiestheRecoveryAreaFormula.



900.07 Recovery AreaNote: Figure900-10 clarifies theRecoveryAreaFormula.

Formula:Recovery area = (shoulder width) + (horizontal distance) + (Control Zone distance – shoulder width)

Recovery AreaFigure 900-10

Formula:Recovery Area = (shoulder width) + (horizontal distance) + (Control Zone distance – shoulder width)

Recovery AreaFigure 900-10

Example

Fill Section (Slope 3H:1V or Steeper)Conditions Speed – 45 mph

Traffic – 3000 ADT Slope – 3H:1V

Criteria Slope 3H:1V – Use Recovery Area Formula



Recovery Area CalculationFigure 900-11

Example

Fill Section (Slope 3H:1V or Steeper)

Conditions Speed – 45 mph

Traffic – 3000 ADT

Slope – 3H:1V

Criteria Slope 3H:1V – Use Recovery Area Formula

3H:1V

6H:1V

8 ftShoulder 12 ft

RECOVERY AREA = 29 ft


Recovery Area = (shoulder width) + (horizontal distance) + (Control Zone distance – shoulder width)

29 feet = 8 + 12 + (17 – 8)

Recovery Area = (shoulder width) + (horizontal distance) + (Control Zone distance – shoulder width)

29 feet = 8 + 12 + (17 – 8)

Recovery Area CalculationFigure 900-11


WSDOT Utilities Manual M 22-87.10 Page 9-11 February 2019

900.08 Supplemental Utility Design InformationThefollowingitemsareprovidedasaguidetotheutilityindustryforconsiderationduringdesign and maintenance of its facilities.

(1) Horizontal Curves Ifitisnotnecessary,donotplaceutilityobjectsontheoutsideofhorizontalcurves.

(2) Public Grade Intersections Whenpossible,designthefacilityplacingutilityobjectsoutsidetheturnradiusareaofpublic grade intersections (see Figure900-12).Ifthisisnotpossible,thefacilityshould,ataminimum,beplacedoutsidetheControlZoneinrelationtothestatehighway.Iftheintersectingroadisalocalagencyroadwaywithastopconditionatthestatehighwayintersection,thefacilitymustbeplacedatleast10feetfromtheedgeofthetravelledwayfortheportionofthelocalagencyroadwaylegwithinWSDOTownership.IfWSDOTownershipofthelocalagencyroadwaylegexceedsmorethan250feetbackfromthestopbaratthehighwayintersection,contactHQ Utilities for additional guidance. Applicable localagencystandardsshallapplyoutsideofWSDOT-ownedrightofway.



900.08 Supplemental Utility Design InformationThefollowingitemsareprovidedasaguidetotheutilityindustryforconsiderationduring design and maintenance of its facilities.

(1) Horizontal Curves Ifitisnotnecessary,donotplaceutilityobjectsontheoutsideofhorizontalcurves.

(2) Public Grade Intersections Whenpossible,designthefacilityplacing utility objects outside the turn radius area of public grade intersections (see Figure900-12). Ifthisisnotpossible,thefacilityshould,ataminimum,beplacedoutsidetheControlZoneinrelationtothestatehighway. Iftheintersectingroadisalocalagencyroadwaywithastopconditionatthestatehighwayintersection,thefacilitymustbe placed at least 10 feet from the edge of thetravelledwayfortheportionofthelocalagencyroadwaylegwithinWSDOTownership. IfWSDOTownershipofthelocalagencyroadwaylegexceedsmorethan250feetbackfromthestopbaratthe highwayintersection,contacttheHQUtilitiesUnit for additional guidance. Applicable local agency standards shall apply outside of WSDOT-ownedrightofway.

Intersection Radius AreaFigure 900-12

(3) Placement of Utility Objects Behind BarriersDo not place objectswithin the deflection distance of any barrier used.

(4) Service Poles Placeservicepolesonowners’ property,notstaterightofway.Considerationshouldbe given to placing the service pole as far as possible fromthehighwayrightofway—at aminimum,outside the Control Zone.

(5) Pole DesignWhenControlZonerequirementswithinthehighwayrightofwayaretight,considerationshouldbegiventoalternativepoledesignsthatmayallowconstructionatorclosetotherightofwayline(seeFigure900-13).

(6) Guy Poles/WiresGuypolesand/orwiresarenottobeinstalledbetweenthepolelineandhighwaylanesunlesstheguypole/wireisoutsidetheControlZone.Guyandanchorwiresareconsideredhazardobjects.

Intersection Radius AreaFigure 900-12

(3) Placement of Utility Objects Behind BarriersDonotplaceobjectswithinthedeflectiondistanceofanybarrierused.

(4) Service Poles Placeservicepolesonowners’property,notstaterightofway.Considerationshouldbegiventoplacingtheservicepoleasfaraspossiblefromthehighwayrightofway—ataminimum,outsidetheControlZone.

(5) Pole DesignWhenControlZonerequirementswithinthehighwayrightofwayaretight,considerationshouldbegiventoalternativepoledesignsthatmayallowconstructionatorclosetotherightofwayline(seeFigure900-13).



(6) Guy Poles/WiresGuypolesand/orwiresarenottobeinstalledbetweenthepolelineandhighwaylanesunlesstheguypole/wireisoutsidetheControlZone.Guyandanchorwiresareconsideredhazardobjects.



Alternative Pole DesignsFigure 900-13

(7) Utility Location Markers Markersusedtoidentifyorprotectutilityfacilities,suchasatelephonepedestal,maynot be larger than a 4 x 4 (16 sq. inches) woodpostunlessdrilledtoaccommodatebreakaway.Solidmarkers,suchasconcrete,maynotbeused.TelephonepedestalsthatmeetthebreakawaycriteriaareacceptablewithintheControlZone.

Note: Posts that are larger than 6 x 8 require barrier protection when located within the Control Zone. (See the Standard Plans for further guidance.)

Wood Post Breakaway DetailsFigure 900-14

900.09 Project Applications

(1) New Utility Facility Construction(a) Theutilityconstructsanewlineorextendsanexistinglinewithin highwayrightofway.

1. NewutilityobjectswillcomplywithObjective1or2(see900.03).

2. No consideration of Objective 3 or 4 (see 900.03)willbegivenuntilallalternative measures have been investigated and determined not feasible.


(7) Utility Location MarkersMarkersusedtoidentifyorprotectutilityfacilities,suchasatelephonepedestal,maynotbelargerthana4×4(16sq.inches)woodpostunlessdrilledtoaccommodatebreakaway.Solidmarkers,suchasconcrete,maynotbeused.TelephonepedestalsthatmeetthebreakawaycriteriaareacceptablewithintheControlZone.

Post Size Hole DIA4 × 4 —4 × 6 1½ inch6 × 6 2 inch6 × 8 3 inch




(7) Utility Location Markers Markersusedtoidentifyorprotectutilityfacilities,suchasatelephonepedestal,maynot be larger than a 4 x 4 (16 sq. inches) woodpostunlessdrilledtoaccommodatebreakaway.Solidmarkers,suchasconcrete,maynotbeused.TelephonepedestalsthatmeetthebreakawaycriteriaareacceptablewithintheControlZone.

Note: Posts that are larger than 6 x 8 require barrier protection when located within the Control Zone. (See the Standard Plans for further guidance.)


900.09 Project Applications

(1) New Utility Facility Construction(a) Theutilityconstructsanewlineorextendsanexistinglinewithin highwayrightofway.

1. NewutilityobjectswillcomplywithObjective1or2(see900.03).

2. No consideration of Objective 3 or 4 (see 900.03)willbegivenuntilallalternative measures have been investigated and determined not feasible.

Note: Posts that are larger than 6 × 8 require barrier protection when located within the Control Zone. (See the Standard Plans for further guidance.)




900.09 Project Applications(1) New Utility Facility Construction(a) Theutilityconstructsanewlineorextendsanexistinglinewithinhighwayright

ofway.

1. NewutilityobjectswillbeconstructedoutsideoftheControlZoneunlessa variance is approved.

2. TheutilitywillsubmittoWSDOTthefollowingdataifapplicable:• Utility Accommodation Application.• Mitigationproposalsforexistingobjects,ifapplicable,including plans.• Submittalssupportingvariance,ifapplicable,asspecifiedin900.11.• AcompletedcopyoftheUtilityObjectRelocationRecordlistingnew

utility objects.

(2) Existing Utility Reconstruction(a) Theutilityreplacestwenty-fivepercent(25%)ormoreoftheexistingpolesortowers

withinanymile.Periodicpoleortowerreplacementisnotincluded.

1. UtilityobjectswillberelocatedoutsideoftheControlZoneunlessavarianceis approved.

2. TheutilitywillsubmittoWSDOTthefollowingdataifapplicable:• Utility Accommodation Application.• Mitigationproposalsforexistingobjects,includingplans.• Submittalssupportingvariance,asspecifiedin900.11.• A copy of the completed Utility Object Relocation Record.

(3) Utility Relocation Required by WSDOT Improvement Projects(a) Conditions:WSDOTmayaddressindividualsafetyitems.

1. WSDOTwillconductanaccidentanalysistodeterminespotsafetyimprovement needs.

2. Any individual Location I or Location II Objects that demonstrate a need for adjustmentwillberelocated outside of the Control Zone or mitigated (see 900.03) inconjunctionwiththeproject.

3. No consideration for variancewillbegivenuntilallalternativemeasureshavebeen investigated and determined not feasible.

4. Atthetimetheprojectpreliminaryestimateisprepared,WSDOTwillnotifytheutility of the project and request that the utility commit to a course of action.

5. TheutilitywillsubmittoWSDOTthefollowingdataifapplicable:• Utility Accommodation Application.• Mitigationproposalsforexistingobjects,ifapplicable, including plans.• Submittals supporting variance,ifapplicable (see 900.11).• A copy of the completed Utility Object Relocation Record.


Page 9-14 WSDOT Utilities Manual M 22-87.10 February 2019

(b) Conditions:WSDOTaddressessafetyitems.

1. TheutilitywilladjustallidentifiedObjectstocomplywithControl Zone requirements.

2. No consideration of variancewillbegivenuntilallalternativemeasureshavebeeninvestigated and determined not feasible.

3. Atthetimetheprojectpreliminaryestimateisapproved,WSDOTwillnotifythe utility of the project scope and the Location I Object and Location II Object responsibility.

4. WhentheprojectDesignSummaryiscompleted,WSDOTwillrequestthattheutility adjust all Location I Objects and selected Location II Objects.

5. TheutilitywillsubmittoWSDOTthefollowingdataifapplicable:• Utility Accommodatin Application.• Mitigationproposalsforexistingobjects,ifapplicable, including plans.• Submittals supporting variance,ifapplicable (see 900.11).• A copy of the completed Utility Object Relocation Record.

900.10 Completing the Utility Object Relocation RecordA completed Utility Object Relocation Record (see Appendix B) form shall accompany anyutilitysubmittalstoWSDOTaspartofaFranchiseorPermitAmendment,FranchiseRenewal/Consolidation,orhighwayproject-relatedrelocationcoordinationwhenobjectsexistorareproposedtobeinLocationIorII.Followingistheinformationneededonthe form.

(1) Form HeadingsEntertheutilityownerandlocationandotheridentificationinformationonthetopleftsideof the form.

Enterthemilepostlimitsbesidethepropertypeofconstructiononthetoprightsideofthe form.

(2) Existing Object InformationIdentifytheutilityobjectbyenteringthemilepost,poleorobjectnumber,locationleftorrightofhighwaycenterline(leftorrightisdeterminedfacingtheincreasinghighwaymilepost),typeofobject(i.e.,transmission,guy),andwhetheritisowned,jointlyowned,or leased.

(3) Roadway DataThespeed,averagedailytraffic(ADT),andtherightofwaywidthfromcenterlinecanbeobtainedfromtheRegionUtilitiesOffice.Also,ADTscanbefoundintheAnnualTrafficReportandhighwayspeedintheStateHighwayLog.Thesecanbeobtainedat the Transportation Data and GISOfficewebsite: www.wsdot.wa.gov/mapsdata/tdgo_home.htm



(4) Field MeasurementsEntertheslopeanddistancemeasurementsrequiredtocalculatetheControlZonedistances (see 900.06).

(5) Control Zone CalculationsFromtheControlZoneDistancesection(see900.06):• EntertheConditionnumberthatwasusedtocalculatetheControlZonedistance.• EnterthecalculatedControlZonedistance.• EnterwhethertheobjectisLocationIorLocationII.

Notice that the Location III Objects do not need to be entered on the form.

(6) Planned Object CorrectionThissectionisusedbytheutilitytorecord,ontheUtilityObjectRelocationRecordform(see Appendix B),itsdecisiononhowtheutilityobjectwillbecorrected.• ForutilityobjectsthatwillberelocatedoutsidetheControlZone,(see900.03),marktherelocateddistanceintheReloc.Distcolumn.

• Forutilityobjectsthatwillbecorrectedwiththeuseofanalternativemeasure,markthe Alternate Measure column.

• Ifmitigationisthealternativemeasurechosen,justificationfortheuseofmitigationandaplanshowingproposedmitigationarerequiredforWSDOTreviewandapproval.

• ForindividualutilityLocationIObjectsthatcannotberelocatedoutsidetheControlZoneorcorrectedwiththeuseofanalternativemeasure,andforwhichavariancewillberequested,marktheLOCIVAR.column.

• Tobeconsideredforavariance,theutilitymustsubmittoWSDOTarequestforavariancetogetherwiththerequiredjustification(see120.14).

ForindividualutilityLocationIIObjectsthatcannotberelocatedoutsidetheControlZoneorcorrectedwiththeuseofanalternativemeasureandforwhichavariancewillberequested,markthe“LOC II Variance” column.

900.11 VarianceWSDOTrecognizesthatconditionsmayarisethatmakeitimpracticabletocomplywithControlZonerequirements.Variancesfromsuchcompliancemaybeallowedonacase-by-casebasiswhenclearlyjustified,asspecifiedinthefollowingsections.

Examplesofconditionsrenderingcomplianceimpracticableinclude:• InadequaterightofwaytoaccommodateutilityobjectsoutsidetheControlZone.• Physical limitations due to terrain or topography.• Unjustifiablyhighcoststorelocateorundergroundtheutilityfacility.

(1) Utility Object Location Category Reference

(a) Location I Utility Objects

FixedutilityobjectslocatedwithintheControlZoneinthefollowingareas:• Theoutsideofhorizontalcurveswhereadvisoryspeedsforthecurveare15mphormorebelowthepostedspeedlimitofthatsectionofhighway.

• Withintheturnradiusareaofpublicroadgradeintersections.


Page 9-16 WSDOT Utilities Manual M 22-87.10 February 2019

• Whereabarrier,embankment,rockoutcropping,ditch,orotherroadsidefeatureislikelytodirectavehicleintoautilityobject.

• Closerthan5feethorizontalbeyondtheedgeoftheusableshoulder.

(b) Location II Utility Objects

FixedutilityobjectslocatedwithintheControlZonethatarenotclassifiedasLocation I or Location III Objects.

(c) Location III Utility Objects

Fixedutilityobjectsthatare:• Located outside the Control Zone.• WithintheControlZoneandmitigatedbyanalternatecountermeasureconsistentwiththestate’sUtilities Accommodation Policy.

900.12 Variance Request for Location I ObjectsCompliancewiththeWSDOTControlZonePolicyrequiresadjustmentofallLocationIObjects outside of the Control Zone.Exceptionsmaybegrantedonlyafteran independent analysis and recommendation is completed by aWSDOTreviewteam,including the Region andHQUtilitiesEngineers,inconsultationwithWSDOTsubjectmatterexpertsas appropriate for the location.Reviewsforthispurposewillconsiderrelevanthighwayoperationalandgeometricfactors,accidenthistory,andassessmentofpossiblemitigationstrategies.Exceptionswillbeallowedonlyifitisdetermined,atthedepartment’sdiscretion,thatnoreasonablealternativemeasuresareavailable,withsafetybeingtheprimaryconsideration.Theserequestswillbeassessedonacase-by-casebasis,andwillrequirespecificinformationanddocumentationfromtheutilityasdeterminedbythereviewteam.Documentationforthereviewteam’sinvestigationandrecommendationsshouldbeincludedinthefranchiseorpermitfile.

TheUtilitywillberequiredtocompleteaControlZoneVarianceRequest–JustificationforLocation1variances.TheRegionUtilitiesEngineermaydetermineadditionalinformation is necessary to consider the Location I variance request. Submittal of a variancerequestdoesnotmeanapprovalwillbegiven.

900.13 Variance Request for Location II ObjectsTheprimaryobjectiveforLocationIIObjectsistorelocatethemoutsideoftheControlZone.Ifachievingthisobjectiveisnotpossibleorpracticable,theRegionUtilitiesEngineermayauthorizevariancerequestsforLocationIIObjectsbasedonthejustificationcriteriadescribedbelow.

TherearetwocategoriesofLocationIIObjectsaddressedinthissection:• LocationIIObjectsthathavenorecordedaccidenthistoryandarenotlocatedwithin

an area of concentrated utility object crashes; and• LocationIIObjectsthatdohaverecordedaccidenthistory,arelocatedwithinanareaofconcentratedutilityobjectcrashes,orareotherwisedeterminedbyWSDOTtobeappropriateforadditionaljustification,asspecifiedforthiscategoryofobjects.



(1) Location II Objects With No Accident HistoryThefollowingcoversLocationIIObjectsthathavenoaccidenthistoryandarenotlocatedwithinanareaofconcentratedutilityobjectcrashes.

TheUtilitywillberequiredtocompleteaControlZoneVarianceRequest–JustificationtoinitiateanyrequestsforLocationIIvariances,ortousetheRoadsideSafetyAnalysisProgram(RSAP)tosupportthejustification.

ForthiscategoryofLocationIIObjects,ControlZoneVarianceRequestJustificationmaybesubstitutedwithananalysisofalternativemitigationstrategiesusingtheRSAP,describedbelow,tosupportselectionofthemosteffectivemitigationstrategy.

Alternative mitigation strategies include:

1. Placing the utility line underground.

2. Reducingthenumberofutilityobjectsthroughjointuse,increasingspanlengths,and/or placing utility objects on only one side of the road.

3. Increasingthelateraloffsetofutilityobjectsfromtheedgeofthetraveledwaytotheextent possible.

4. Locatingtheobjectwithinaninaccessibleareasuchastowardthetoporonthetopof cut slopes.

5. Installingprotectivedevicessuchasguardrail,berms,trafficbarriers,orimpact attenuators. (Refer to Design Manual Chapter 1600 for Guidelines for EmbankmentBarrier).

6. Usingabreakawaydesign.

7. Otherlocation-specificmeasuresthatmaybeevidentoridentifiedbyWSDOT.

RSAPanalysiscansupportjustificationforaparticularalternative;however,itisnotnecessarilythedecidingfactorinWSDOT’sreview.ObjectssubjecttoRSAPanalysiswillbeindependentlyreviewedbytheRegionUtilitiesEngineertoidentify(1)anyuniquelocation characteristics that should be more closely considered beyond the minimum requiredjustification,and/or(2)opportunitiesformitigationmeasuresnotconsideredinthe application.

(2) Location II Objects With Accident HistoryThefollowingcoversLocationIIObjectswithaccidenthistory,thatarelocatedwithinanareaofconcentratedutilityobjectcrashes,orthataredeterminedbyWSDOTtobeappropriateforadditionaljustification.

A completed ControlZoneVarianceRequest–Justification should be submitted to initiate any requests for Location II variances.

(3) Roadside Safety Analysis ProgramTheRoadsideSafetyAnalysisProgram(RSAP)isabenefit/costanalysisprogramdevelopedunderNCHRPProject22-27,andendorsedintheAASHTORoadside Design Guide,asatoolforcomparativeanalysisofalternativesite-specifictreatmentstoenhanceroadsidesafety.Theintentoftheprogramistoidentifythemostcost-effectiveengineeringtreatmentstoaddressroadsidesafety,andcomparethebenefitsandcostsofimplementingmultiple alternatives.



RSAPanalyzesalternativesbasedoncertainfactorsandlocationcharacteristicssuchashighwayoperation;installationandmaintenancecosts;trafficgrowth;projectlife;probable collision frequency and severity; and the expected reduction in the future cost of crashesassociatedwitheachalternative.

ThedefaultvaluesprovidedbytheRSAPsystemshouldbeused,exceptforthefollowingfactors:

• TrafficGrowthRate:ObtainpercentageofannualgrowthfromtheRegionTrafficOfficeorTransportationDataandGISOffice.

• Cost of installation, repair, maintenance, salvage value, and life of object: RSAP providesdefaultvalues,butactualvaluesshouldbeusedifknown.

Note:AdditionalguidancespecifyingrequiredRSAPsubmittalswillbeaddedtoChapter 9. HQ Utilities is currently coordinating training by the program developer and willestablishthisadditionalguidanceoncetrainingiscomplete.

TheRSAPprogramandinformationregardingitsusemaybeaccessedatthefollowingwebsite: http://rsap.roadsafellc.com

Documents

Chapter 9 Control Zone Guidelines · Chapter 9 Control Zone Guidelines WSDOT Utilities Manual M 22-87.08 Page 9-3 May 2016 900.06 Control Zone Distance The Control Zone distance for