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Chapter 9. Predicting Reaction Products. 1. Single Replacement Reactions. Single Replacement Reactions occur when one element replaces another in a compound. A metal can replace a metal (+) OR a nonmetal can replace a nonmetal (-). element + compound compound + element - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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1. Single Replacement Reactions
• Single Replacement Reactions occur when one element replaces another in a compound.
• A metal can replace a metal (+) OR a nonmetal can replace a nonmetal (-).
• element + compound compound + elementA + BC AC + B (if A is a metal) ORA + BC BA + C (if A is a nonmetal)
(remember the cation always goes first!)
When H2O splits into ions, it splits intoH+ and OH- (not H+ and O2- !!)
Single Replacement Reactions
• Predict the products of the following reaction:
• Aluminum metal reacts with aqueous hydrochloric acid (HCl).
Al(s) + HCl(aq) AlCl3(aq) + H2(g)
2. Double Replacement Reactions
• Double Replacement Reactions occur when the cations in two compounds switch places.
• compound + compound compound +
compound
• AB + CD AD + CB
Double Replacement Reactions
• To build your two new compounds switch the cations. Check ion charges to build neutral compounds and write the cation first.
• Example:
AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(s)
• Another example:
K2SO4(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq)
AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)
2KNO3(aq)+ BaSO4(s)
Practice
1. HCl + AgNO3
2. CaCl2 + Na3PO4
3. Pb(NO3)2 + BaCl2
4. FeCl3 + NaOH
5. KOH(aq) + CuSO4(aq)
3. Decomposition Reactions• The simplest decomposition reactions
occur when a binary compound breaks up into its elements.
Compound Element + Element
• In general: AB A + B
• Example: 2 H2O 2H2 + O2
• Example: 2 HgO 2Hg + O2
4. Synthesis reactions• The simplest Synthesis reactions occur
when two elements combine and form a binary compound.
element + element compound
• Basically: A + B AB• Example: 2H2 + O2 2H2O
• Example: Fe + Cl2 FeCl2
Combustion
• Combustion reactions combine a hydrocarbon with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. - C5H12 + O2 CO2 + H2O
Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples (In Notebook)
• HgO
• Al + Pb(NO3)2
• K + water
• N2O5
• PbCl2 + Li2SO4
Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples (In Notebook)
• HgO
• Al + Pb(NO3)2
• K + water
• N2O5
• PbCl2 + Li2SO4
Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples
• Cl2 + LiI
• H2 + O2
• AgNO3 + K2SO4
• CH3OH + O2
• Pb + Cu(NO3)2
Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples
• Cl2 + LiI
• H2 + O2
• AgNO3 + K2SO4
• CH3OH + O2
• Pb + Cu(NO3)2
Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples
• C3H8 + O2
• MgBr2 + FePO4
• Li2S
• K + Br2
Predicting the Products of Reactions – In Class Examples
• C3H8 + O2
• MgBr2 + FePO4
• Li2S
• K + Br2