Chapter 8 VocabularyChapter 8 Vocabulary

MedievalMedieval

Latin for “middle age.”Latin for “middle age.”

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FrontierFrontier

a sparsely populated, undeveloped area on the outskirts of a civilization

a sparsely populated, undeveloped area on the outskirts of a civilization

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Missi Dominici

Missi Dominici

Officials sent to check on roads, listen to grievances, and see that

justice was done

Officials sent to check on roads, listen to grievances, and see that

justice was done

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CurriculumCurriculum

formal course of study, based on Latin learning

formal course of study, based on Latin learning

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FeudalismFeudalism

a loosely organized system of rule in which powerful local lords

divided their landholdings among lesser lords

a loosely organized system of rule in which powerful local lords

divided their landholdings among lesser lords

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VassalVassal

lesser lords that pledged service and loyalty to the greater lord.

lesser lords that pledged service and loyalty to the greater lord.

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Feudal ContractFeudal

Contract

exchange of pledges between lords and vassals

exchange of pledges between lords and vassals

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FiefFief

An estate granted to a vassal by his lord

An estate granted to a vassal by his lord

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KnightKnight

Mounted WarriorMounted Warrior

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TournamentTournament

Mock BattleMock Battle

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ChivalryChivalry

Code of Conduct adopted by Knights

Code of Conduct adopted by Knights

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TroubadourTroubadour

Wandering Musical Poets or Minstrels

Wandering Musical Poets or Minstrels

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ManorManor

Lord’s EstateLord’s Estate

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SerfsSerfs

Peasants who could be bought and sold with the land

Peasants who could be bought and sold with the land

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SacramentsSacraments

The holy rites of the ChurchThe holy rites of the Church

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TitheTithe

Church tax equal to a tenth of someone's income

Church tax equal to a tenth of someone's income

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SecularSecular

Worldly force in medieval Europe; not associated with religion

Worldly force in medieval Europe; not associated with religion

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Papal Supremacy

Papal Supremacy

medieval popes claimed authority over all secular rulers.

medieval popes claimed authority over all secular rulers.

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Canon LawCanon Law

Church developed body of lawsChurch developed body of laws

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ExcommunicationExcommunication

Punishment so that people could not receive the sacraments or a

Christian burial

Punishment so that people could not receive the sacraments or a

Christian burial

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InterdictInterdict

order excluding an entire town, region, or kingdom from receiving most sacraments and Christian

burial

order excluding an entire town, region, or kingdom from receiving most sacraments and Christian

burial

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SimonySimony

the selling of Church officesthe selling of Church offices

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FriarFriar

Monks who did not live in isolated monasteries but traveled around

Europe's growing towns preaching to the poor.

Monks who did not live in isolated monasteries but traveled around

Europe's growing towns preaching to the poor.

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Anti-SemitismAnti-Semitism

prejudice against Jewsprejudice against Jews

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CharterCharter

Written document set out the rights and privileges of the town

Written document set out the rights and privileges of the town

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CapitalCapital

Money used for investmentMoney used for investment

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PartnershipPartnership

merchants that pooled their funds to finance a large-scale venture that

would have been too costly for any individual trader

merchants that pooled their funds to finance a large-scale venture that

would have been too costly for any individual trader

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Bill of ExchangeBill of Exchange

Paper draft (on a deposit) that was issued in one city and was redeemable

in another city

Paper draft (on a deposit) that was issued in one city and was redeemable

in another city

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Tenant FarmersTenant Farmers

Peasants who paid rent for their landPeasants who paid rent for their land

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Middle ClassMiddle Class

merchants, traders, and artisans that formed a new group of wealth between

nobles and peasants

merchants, traders, and artisans that formed a new group of wealth between

nobles and peasants

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UsuryUsury

Lending money at interestLending money at interest

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GuildsGuilds

merchants and artisans associationsmerchants and artisans associations

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ApprenticeApprentice

trainee to a guild mastertrainee to a guild master

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JourneymenJourneymen

salaried workerssalaried workers

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