Chapter 8 Lab Cisco

8/19/2019 Chapter 8 Lab Cisco

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Chapter 8

Lab 8.1.2.7 - Using the Windows Calculator with Network Addresses

What are the four available modes?

Standard, scientific, programmer, statistics.

Note: The Programmer and Scientific modes are used in this lab.

a. Click the iew menu and select !rogra""er to switch to Programmer mode.

Note: or Windows !P and "ista, onl# two modes, Standard and Scientific, are available. $f #ou are using oneof these operating s#stems, #ou can use the Scientific mode to perform this lab.

Which number s#stem is currentl# active? % &ecimal

Which numbers on the number pad are active in decimal mode? % '%(

b. Click the #in )*inar#+ radio button. Which numbers are active on the number pad now? % ' and

Wh# do #ou think the other numbers are gra#ed out? % binar# onl# uses ' and

c. Click the $e% )-eadecimal+ radio button. Which characters are activated on the number pad now?

% / %

d. Click the &ec radio button. 0sing #our mouse, click the number 1 followed b# the number ' on thenumber pad. The decimal number 1 is now entered.

Note: The numbers and letters on the ke#board can also be used to enter the values. $f using thenumerical ke#pad, t#pe the number 1'. $f the number does not enter into the calculator, press the Nu"Lock ke# to enable the numeric ke#pad.

Click the #in radio button. What happened to the number 1? %

e. 2umbers are converted from one numbering s#stem to another b# selecting the desired number mode.Click the &ecradio button again. The number converts back to decimal.

f. Click the $e% radio button to change to -eadecimal mode. Which headecimal character )' through ( or

/ to + represents decimal 1? %

g. /s #ou were switching between the numbering s#stems, #ou ma# have noticed the binar# number isdispla#ed during the conversion. This assists #ou in relating the binar# digits to other numbering s#stemvalues. 3ach set of 4 bits represents a headecimal character or potentiall# multiple decimal characters.

h. Clear the values in the window b# clickingCabove the ( on the calculator ke#pad. Convert the followingnumbers between the binar#, decimal, and headecimal numbering s#stems.

&eci"al #inar( $e%adeci"al

56 '''' 16

71 '' /

8'4 '''' CC


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( ''' '' 9

77 ''' ' 4&

48 ''' '' 8/

16 '' ''' 95

47 '' '' (9

885 ' ''' 34

i. /s #ou record the values in the table above, do #ou see a pattern between the binar# and headecimalnumbers? % *inar# alwa#s have more number than headecimal.

!art 2) Con*ert $ost +!*,Addresses and ubnet asks into #inar(

$nternet Protocol version 4 )$Pv4+ addresses and subnet masks are represented in a dotted decimal format)four octets+, such as (8.65..' and 811.811.811.', respectivel#. This makes these addresses more

readable to humans. 3ach of the decimal octets in the address or a mask can be converted to 5 binar# bits. /n octet is alwa#s 5 binar# bits. $f all 4 octets were converted to binar#, how man# bits would there be? % 98

a. 0se the Windows Calculator application to convert the $P address (8.65..' into binar# and record thebinar# numbers in the following table:

&eci"al #inar(

(8''''''

65'''''

'''''''

' ''''''

b. Subnet masks, such as 811.811.811.', are also represented in a dotted decimal format. / subnet maskwill alwa#s consist of four 5%bit octets, each represented as a decimal number. 0sing the WindowsCalculator, convert the 5 possible decimal subnet mask octet values to binar# numbers and record thebinar# numbers in the following table:


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&eci"al #inar(

'''''''''

85'''''''

(8 ''''''

884'''''

84'''''

845'''

818''

814'

811

c. With the combination of $Pv4 address and the subnet mask, the network portion can be determined andthe number of hosts available in a given $Pv4 subnet can also be calculated. The process is eamined inPart 4.

!art /) &eter"ine the Nu"ber o0 $osts in a Network Using !owers o0 2

iven an $Pv4 network address and a subnet mask, the network portion can be determined along with thenumber of hosts available in the network.

a. To calculate the number of hosts on a network, #ou must determine the network and host portion of theaddress.

0sing the eample of (8.65..' with a subnet of 811.811.845.', the address and subnet mask areconverted to binar# numbers. /lign the bits as #ou record #our conversions to binar# numbers.

&eci"al +! Address and ubnet ask #inar( +! Address and ubnet ask

(8.65..'''''''.'''''.'''''''.''''''

811.811.845.'..'''.''''''''

*ecause the first 8 bits in the subnet mask are consecutive numeral ones, the corresponding first 8 bitsin the $P address in binar# is ''''''''''''''''; these represent the network portion of theaddress. Theremaining bits are ''''''''and represent the host portion of the address.

What is the decimal and binar# network number for this address? % (8.65, ''''''.'''''

What is the decimal and binar# host portion for this address? % .' , '''''''.''''''*ecause the network number and the broadcast address use two addresses out of the subnet, theformula to determine the number of hosts available in an $Pv4 subnet isthe number 8 to the power of thenumber of host bits available, minus 8:81

2umber of available hosts < 8)number of host bits+ = 8

b. 0sing the Windows Calculator application, switch to the Scientific mode b# clicking the iew menu, thenselect cienti0ic.

c. $nput 2. Click the %( ke#. This ke# raises a number to a power.


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d. $nput 11. Click , or press 3nter on the ke#board for the answer.

e. Subtract 2 from the answer b# using the calculator if desired.

f. $n this eample, there are 8'46 hosts are available on this network )8%8+.

g. $f given the number of host bits, determine the number of hosts available and record the number in thefollowing table.

Nu"ber o0 A*ailable $ost #its Nu"ber o0 A*ailable $osts

19'

46958

846777844

''88

or a given subnet mask, determine the number of hosts available and record the answer in the following table.

ubnet ask #inar( ubnet ask

Nu"ber o0

A*ailable

$ost #its

Nu"ber o0

A*ailable

$osts

811.811.811.' ...'''''''' 84 677787

811.811.84'.' ..''''.'''''''' 8' '45174

811.811.811.85 ...''''''' 81 9911449'

811.811.811.818 ...'' 9' '7974588

811.811.'.' ..''''''''.'''''''' 6 61194

tep 2) Con*ert AC addresses to binar( digits.

a. The >/C or ph#sical address is normall# represented as 8 headecimal characters, grouped in pairsand separated b# h#phens )%+. Ph#sical addresses on a Windows%based computer are displa#ed in aformat of %%%%%, where each is a number from ' to ( or a letter from / to . 3ach of the hecharacters in the address can be converted to 4 binar# bits, which is what the computer understands. $f all8 he characters were converted to binar#, how man# bits would there be? % 45

b. ecord the >/C address for #our PC. % 75%8b%cb%(7%6b%(e

c. Convert the >/C address into binar# digits using the Windows Calculator application.

% '%'''%'''%'%''%'%''%'%''%'%''%'

tep /) Con*ert an +!* address into binar( digits.

$Pv6 addresses are also written in headecimal characters for human convenience. These $Pv6 addressescan be converted to binar# numbers for computer use.

a. $Pv6 addresses are binar# numbers represented in human%readable notations:8'':'&*5:/C/&:''':'''':'''':'''':''' or in a shorter format: 8'':&*5:/C/&:::.


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b. /n $Pv6 address is 85 bits long. 0sing the Windows Calculator application, convert the sample $Pv6address into binar# numbers and record it in the table below.

$e%adeci"al #inar(

8'' '''''''.'''''''

'&*5 '''''.''''

/C/& ''''.'''

''' ''''''''.'''''''

'''' ''''''''.''''''''

'''' ''''''''.''''''''

'''' ''''''''.''''''''

''' ''''''''.'''''''

3e0lection

. Can #ou perform all the conversions without the assistance of the calculator? What can #ou do to make ithappen? % $ can, but it will take ' #ears to do it

8. or most $Pv6 addresses, the network portion of the address is usuall# 64 bits. -ow man# hosts are availableon a subnet where the first 64 bits represent the network? -int: /ll host addresses are available in the subnetfor hosts. = 5446744'797'(1164

Lab 8.1.2.8 - Con*erting +!*, Addresses to #inar(

&eci"al #inar(

(8 ''''''

65 '''''

' ''''''

811

8 '''''''

&ecimal *inar#

(8.65.'.' ''''''.'''''.''''''.''''''

8'(.61.8''.88( ''''.''''.'''''.'''

78.6.5.59 ''''.'''''''.''''''.''

'.56.818.7 ''''''.''''.''.''''''

811.811.811.85 ...'''''''

811.811.(8.' ..''''''.''''''''


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&escription &eci"al #inar(

$P /ddress (8.65.'.9 ''''''.'''''.''''''.'''''

Subnet >ask 811.811.811.(8 ...''''''

2etwork /ddress (8.65.'.85 ''''''.'''''.''''''.'''''''

-ow it determines which bits should be used to calculate the network address? % The bits that are used to

calculate the network address are those that are set to in the mask binar# subnet.

$n the above eample, how man# bits are used to calculate the network address? % 86 bits

Step 8: 0se the and operation to determine the network address to enter the missing information in the following

table:

&escription &ecimal #inar(

$P /ddress 78.6.41.8( ''''.'''''''.'''''.''''

Subnet >ask 811.811.'.' ..''''''''.''''''''

2etwork /ddress 78.6.'.' ''''.'''''''.''''''''.''''''''

3nter the missing information in the following table:


$P /ddress (8.65.'.' ''''''.'''''.''''''.''''''

Subnet >ask 811.811.811.' ...''''''''

2etwork /ddress (8.65.'.' ''''''.'''''.''''''.'''''''' 3nter the missing information in the following table:


$P /ddress (8.65.65.8' ''''''.'''''.''''''.''''

Subnet >ask 811.811.811.85 ...'''''''

2etwork /ddress (8.65.65.85 ''''''.'''''.''''''.'''''''



$P /ddress 78.6.55.1 ''''.'''''''.'''.''''

Subnet >ask 811.811.84'.' ..''''.''''''''

2etwork /ddress 78.6.76.' ''''.'''''''.'''''.''''''''



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$P /ddress '.78.8.5 ''''''.''''.'''''''.'''''''

Subnet >ask 811.884.'.' .'''''.''''''''.''''''''

2etwork /ddress '.6'.'.' ''''''.''''''.''''''''.''''''''Step : &etermine whether the $P addresses are on the same network

to. @ou are setting up two PCs to #our network. / PC%/ is assigned the $P address (8.65..5 and the PC%* is

assigned the $P address (8.65..99. The two PCs receive a subnet mask 811.811.811.84'.

What is the network address for the PC%/? % (8.65..6

What is the network address for the PC%*? % (8.65..98

/re PC can communicate directl# with each other? % 2A

What is the highest address that can be assigned to the PC%* that allows #ou to be in the same network as the

PC%/? % (8.65..9'

b. @ou are setting up two PCs to #our network. / PC%/ is assigned the $P address '.'.'.6 and the PC%* is

assigned the $P address '..4.65. The two PCs receive the subnet mask 811.814.'.'. What is the network

address for the PC%/? % '.'.'.'

c. What is the network address for the PC%*? % '.'.'.' /re PC can communicate directl# with each other? % 2o

What is the lowest address that can be assigned to the PC%* that allows #ou to be in the same network as the

PC%/? %'.'.'.

Step 8: $dentif# the default gatewa# address

to. @our compan# has a polic# to use the first $P address of a network address as the default gatewa#. / host on

the local area network )B/2+ has an $P address 78.6.4'.84 and a subnet mask 811.811.(8.'.

What is the network address for this network? % 78.6.85.'

What is the default gatewa# address for this host? % 78.6.85.

b. @our compan# has a polic# to use the first $P address of a network address as the default gatewa#. -e was

instructed to set up a new server with an $P address (8.65.54.887 and a subnet mask 811.811.811.845.

What is the network address for this network? % (8.65.54.884

What is the default gatewa# for this server? % (8.65.54.881

3e0lection

Wh# the subnet mask is important to determine the network address? %The subnet mask gives the number of bits

to be used for the network portion of address. The network address cannot be determined without it.

Lab 8.1.,.8 - +denti0(ing +!*, Addresses

+! Address4!re0i%

Network4$ost

N5n Network

$5h $ost ubnet ask Network Address

(8.65.'.'84 2.2.2.- 811.811.811.' (8.65.'.'

'.'.((.789 2.2.nnnnnnnh.- 811.811.814.' '.'.(5.'

8'(.61.8''.88787 2.2.2.nnnhhhhh 811.811.811.884 8'(.61.8''.884


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78.9.41.81884 2.2.2.- 811.811.811.' 78.9.41.'

'..5.8''86 2.2.2.nnhhhhhh 811.811.811.(8 '..5.(8

78.6.7.778' 2.2.nnnnhhhh.- 811.811.84'.' 78.6.7.77

'...'81 2.2.2.nhhhhhhh 811.811.811.85 '...'

8'(.61.8'8.4'87 2.2.2.nnnhhhhh 811.811.811.814 8'(.61.8'8.85

(8.65.85.4185 2.2.2.nnnnhhhh 811.811.811.84' (8.65.85.98

+! Address4!re0i% 6irst $ost Address

Last $ost

Address

#roadcast

Address

(8.65.'.'84 (8.65.'. (8.65.'.814 (8.65.'.811

'.'.((.789 '.'.(5. '.'.((.814 '.'.((.811

8'(.61.8''.88787 8'(.61.8''.881 8'(.61.8''.814 8'(.61.8''.811

78.9.41.81884 78.9.41. 78.9.41.814 78.9.41.811

'..5.8''86 '..5.(9 '..5.814 '..5.811

78.6.7.778' 78.6.8. 78.6.87.814 78.6.87.811

'...'81 '... '...86 '...87

8'(.61.8'8.4'87 8'(.61.8'8.8( 8'(.61.8'8.15 8'(.61.8'8.1(

(8.65.85.4185 (8.65.85.99 (8.65.85.46 (8.65.85.47

+! Address ubnet ask Address (pe

'... 811.811.811.818 host

(8.65.99.69 811.811.811.(8 *roadcast

89(.(8..'' 811.818.'.' -ost

78.81.8.18 811.811.811.' -ost

'.811.'.' 811.'.'.' -ost

78.6.85.45 811.811.811.84' 2etwork

8'(.61.8'8.1( 811.811.811.884 *roadcast

78.6.'.811 811.811.'.' -ost

884.'.. 811.811.811.' -ost


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+! Address4!re0i% !ublic or !ri*ate

8'(.61.8'.9'87 Public

(8.65.811.81984 Private

'.''..'96 Private

78.9'..''85 Private

(8.9.7.84 Private

78.8'.5.1'88 Public

85.'7.'.6 Private

(8.91.81'.'84 Private

64.'4.'.6 Public

+! Address4!re0i% alid $ost Address 3eason

87..'.'84 @es

78.6.811.'6 @es

84.(.'.''84 @es

(8.65.'.81484 @es

(8.9.7.81184 2o *roadcast

64.'8.811.8114 2o *roadcast

884.'.'.16 @es

'.'.811.8115 @es

(5.99.8(.584 @es

3e0lection

Wh# should we continue to stud# and learn about $Pv4 addressing if the available $Pv4 address space isdepleted? % while ipv6 move completel# to ipv4, we must continue this t#pe of addressing emplo#ee

8.2.'., Lab - +denti0(ing +!* Addresses

!art 1) +denti0( the &i00erent (pes o0 +!* Addresses


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Answer Choices

a. Boopback address b. lobal unicast address c. Bink%local address d. 0niDue%local address e. >ulticast address

!art 2) 9%a"ine a $ost +!* Network +nter0ace and

Address

1 Check (our !C +!* network address settings.

c. "erif# that the $Pv6 protocol is installed and active on #our PC%/ )check #our Bocal /rea Connectionsettings+.

d. Click the Windows tart button and then Control !anel and change iew b() Categor( to iew b()"all icons.

e. Click the Network and haring Center icon.f. An the left side of the window, click Change adapter settings. @ou should now see icons representing

#our installed network adapters. ight%click #our active network interface )it ma# be a Local AreaConnection or a Wireless Network Connection+, and then click !roperties.

g. @ou should now see #our 2etwork Connection Properties window. Scroll through the list of items todetermine whether $Pv6 is present, which indicates that it is installed, and if it is also check marked, whichindicates that it is active.

+!* Address Answer

8'':'&*5::/C/&::311:675(:*8'

b

:: a

C'':88:/:8::C&4:8934:76/ d

8'99:&*5:::88:/99&:81(/:83 b35'::98':CC':61* b

'':: c

''::&*7:4988:/89:67C e

'8::8 e


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h. Select the item +nternet !rotocol ersion :C!4+!*; and click !roperties. @ou should see the $Pv6settings for #our network interface. @our $Pv6 properties window is likel# set to 'e2?1,:!re0erred; $Pv4 /ddress. . . . . . . . . . . : (8.65.8.'6)Preferred+ Subnet >ask . . . . . . . . . . . : 811.811.811.' Bease Abtained. . . . . . . . . . : Sunda#, Ianuar# '6, 8'9 (:47:96 /> Bease 3pires . . . . . . . . . . : >onda#, Ianuar# '7, 8'9 (:47:95 /> &efault atewa# . . . . . . . . . : (8.65.8.


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&-CP Server . . . . . . . . . . . : (8.65.8. &-CPv6 $/$& . . . . . . . . . . . : 99111498' &-CPv6 Client &0$&. . . . . . . . : ''%'%''%'%4%17%54%*%C%C%&3%(%C9%1&

&2S Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : (8.65.. 5.5.4.4 Houtput omittedGk. @ou can see from the output that the client PC has an $Pv6 link%local address with a randoml# generated

interface $&. What does it indicate about the network regarding $Pv6 global unicast address, $Pv6 uniDue%local address, or $Pv6 gatewa# address?

$t indicates that there is no $Pv6 enabled gatewa# router providing global address, local address,or subnet information on the network

l. What kind of $Pv6 addresses did #ou find when using ipcon0ig 4all? /nswers will var#, but most likel# the# will be link%local addresses also

!art /) !ractice +!* Address Abbre*iation

0sing the rules of $Pv6 address abbreviation, either compress or decompress the following addresses:

8''8:'3C':'8'':''':'''':'43*:44C3:'5/8

8''8:3CA:8'':::43*:44C3:5/8

8 35':'''':'''':''':'''':6'**:''53:74'835'::::6'**53:74'8

9 35'::7'48:*9&7:9&3C:54*5

35':'''':'''':'''':7'48:*9&7:9&3C:54*5

4 ''::

'':'''':'''':'''':'''':'''':'''':''''

1 8'':''9':''':/C/&:'''':99'3:'C8:98*

8'':9'::/C/&::99'3'C8:98*

!art ,) +denti0( the $ierarch( o0 the +!* @lobal Unicast Address Network !re0i%

iven the following address, answer the following Duestions:2===)1111)aaaa)=)'=a')8a/')a'bb)e14,a. What is the interface $&?

1'a1:5a91:a1bb:66eb. What is the subnet number?

'c. What is the site number?

aaaad. What is the $SP number?

e. What is the $SP number in binar#?

''''''f. What is the egistr# number?

'g. What is the egistr# number in binar#?

'''' ''' '''h. What is the $/2/ global number?

8i. What is the global routing prefi?

8'''::


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3e0lection

. -ow do #ou think #ou must support $Pv6 in the future?

$t is reliable and considered a high securit#. 2etwork operation eal time Processing enables faster, moreefficient.

8. &o #ou think $Pv4 networks continue on, or will ever#one eventuall# switch over to $Pv6? -ow long do #ou

think it will take?

Choose $Pv6 because it is more powerful.

Documents

Chapter 8 Lab Cisco