Chapter 8: Early Christian

Warm-up 12-5-14 Ch.8 L1 Early Christian

Respond to the Following:

1.What is ‘iconography?’ Give 2 examples.

2.How did the Jewish religion begin? (who? What?)

3.Take out your KWL chart on Christianity.

Obj: SWBAT describe Christian Iconography

HW Reading: Ch 8 Pg. 232-248

Test Corrections due Monday 12/8

PAST DUE: Chapter 16 China, Cue Cards Due

Iconography

Definition:• the visual images and symbols used in a work of art

Crash Course Video Christianityhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TG55ErfdaeY1. what did the Jews believe that was different from those before them? Where do they come from?The Jews believed in in one god, Monotheism. They are also called Hebrews. They come from the middle east/Mesopotamia.2. How did they Jewish religion begin? What do they believe? Abraham/Abram engaged in the ‘covenant’ (agreement) with that god, promised he would have kids, prosperous descendants, & land. Abraham and his descendants must practice Circumcision. Abraham and his descendants are the “chosen people.”3. What is the nature of the Hebrew god?God is transcendent, does not take ‘human’ form.

Agenda: Warm-up Announcements and

Reminders Notes Exit Slip

Office HoursTuesday 3:00-4:00Thursday 3:00-4:00

Winter Break HomeworkCue Cards:Ch. 11 MedievalCh. 12 Romanesque Ch. 17 Japan

Due Thursday 12/11: •Cue Cards Ch. 8 (4 cards) and 9 (5 cards)•Quiz on Ch. 8, 9 & 16

Due Monday 12/8:

Test Corrections

PAST DUE:

Chapter 16 China Cue Cards

HW Reading: Ch 8 Pg. 232-248

CHAPTER 8—EARLY CHRISTIAN

CHAPTER 9—BYZANTIUM

Crash Course Video Christianityhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TG55ErfdaeY4. Who is Jesus? What did he preach?The son of God, messiah to the earth. He redeemed the world, He “undid” the Jewish covenant-- Allowed people to be followers without circumcision, sacrifices.Preached love, peace and social justice. Spent time with down-trodden (poor, prostitutes, criminals).5. Who killed Jesus? Why?The Romans, because his ideas were threatening to the Roman power.

6. What is the meaning behind the “Jesus Fish?” Why was this invented?“Ichthys”, meaning ‘fish’, was an acronym for Christ. This allowed people to talk about Christ without others knowing; it was a code word.

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Europe and the Near East in Late Antiquity

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Chapter 8

The Art of Late AntiquityTheme: TRANSFORMERS

(born again, appropriation)Dates: 4th and 5th centuries CE

EARLY Christian Art

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Early Christian ArtChapter 7

Historical Background• 200-300 years after Christ – Constantine issues Edict of Milan, & sponsors the

building of Christian churches (Constantinople capital of Eastern R. empire• Problem - How to depict God?- borrow motifs / symbols from pagan (Roman) art.• Churches based on Roman basilica , w/ mosaics to teach the new converts. • Goal of Churches = attract, teach and maintain converts• By 410 , Visigoths sack Rome, Ravenna becomes capital of Roman Empire

• What Happened in Art?• simplistic and more abstract. • “Types” not individuals• APPROPRIATION Early Christian art combines classical & Christian motifs

Theme: TRANSFORMERS(born again, appropriation)

Dates: 4th and 5th centuries CE

Good Shepherd, Orants, Story of Jonah

Catacomb of Pietro and Marcellino, Rome, Italy

early 4th centuryfresco

Good Shepherd

Catacomb of Pietro and Marcellino, Rome, Italy

early 4th centuryfresco

17The Good Shepherd, the story of Jonah, and orants, painted ceiling of a cubiculum in the Catacomb of Saints Peter and Marcellinus, Rome, Italy, early fourth century.

CATACOMBS Christ Good Shepherd4th c. CEM: frescoF/L: catacombs (underground burial chambers).

Narrative/Figures:• Episodes from biblical story of Jonah• Left-Sailors throw Jonah from his

ship • Right-He emerges from the whale • Bottom-Jonah on land contemplates

salvation and mercy of God• Prefiguration of Christ who died and

rose from the grave• Orant (hand up in prayer) figures in

between—Christian family• Central figure—Christ as the good

shepherd, with sheep• Rescued sinner/redemption

18The Good Shepherd, the story of Jonah, and orants, painted ceiling of a cubiculum in the Catacomb of Saints Peter and Marcellinus, Rome, Italy, early fourth century.

CATACOMBS Christ Good Shepherd4th c. CEM: frescoF/L: catacombs (underground burial chambers).Style:•Lunettes—semicircular frames•Orant figures - People w/ hands up in prayer•Early images of Christ youthful.

CONTENT / CONCEPT:•Christ w/ lamb – appropriated from classical motif. Sheep symbolizes sinner who has been rescued.