Chapter 8: Deviance and Social Control Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20051 Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach 7/e James M. Henslin Chapter Eight: Deviance

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2005 1

Chapter 8: Deviance and Social ControlChapter 8: Deviance and Social Control

Sociology: A Down-to-EarthSociology: A Down-to-EarthApproach 7/eApproach 7/e

Sociology: A Down-to-EarthSociology: A Down-to-EarthApproach 7/eApproach 7/e

James M. HenslinJames M. HenslinChapter Eight: Deviance and Social ControlChapter Eight: Deviance and Social Control

James M. HenslinJames M. HenslinChapter Eight: Deviance and Social ControlChapter Eight: Deviance and Social Control

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““It is not the act itself, but the reactions to the It is not the act itself, but the reactions to the

act, that make something deviant.”act, that make something deviant.”

Howard Becker, 1966Howard Becker, 1966

What is Deviance?What is Deviance?



Relative DevianceRelative Deviance

What is Deviant to Some is not Deviant to What is Deviant to Some is not Deviant to

OthersOthers

““Deviance” is Nonjudgmental TermDeviance” is Nonjudgmental Term

What is Deviance?What is Deviance?



Deviance Deviance

Violation of Rules or NormsViolation of Rules or Norms

Crime Crime

Violation of Norms as LawsViolation of Norms as Laws

Stigma Stigma

Blemishes on “Normal” IdentityBlemishes on “Normal” Identity

Deviance TerminologyDeviance Terminology



Social OrderSocial Order

Group’s Usual Social ArrangementGroup’s Usual Social Arrangement

Social Control Social Control

Group’s Formal and Informal Means of Group’s Formal and Informal Means of

Enforcing NormsEnforcing Norms

Deviance TerminologyDeviance Terminology



Negative SanctionsNegative Sanctions

Positive SanctionsPositive Sanctions

SanctionsSanctions



Shaming is a SanctionShaming is a Sanction

Can Be Centerpiece of Public RitualCan Be Centerpiece of Public Ritual

Degradation CeremonyDegradation Ceremony

Shaming and Degradation Shaming and Degradation CeremoniesCeremonies



SociologySociology Look for Answers Outside IndividualsLook for Answers Outside Individuals

Social ClassSocial Class

SociobiologySociobiology Look for Answers Inside IndividualsLook for Answers Inside Individuals

Genetic PredispositionsGenetic Predispositions

Explanations of DevianceExplanations of Deviance



PsychologyPsychology

Focuses on Abnormalities Within IndividualsFocuses on Abnormalities Within Individuals

Personality DisordersPersonality Disorders

Deviant PersonalitiesDeviant Personalities

Explanations of DevianceExplanations of Deviance



FamiliesFamilies

Friends, NeighborsFriends, Neighbors

SubcultureSubculture

Prison or Freedom?Prison or Freedom?

Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveSymbolic Interactionist PerspectiveDifferential Association TheoryDifferential Association Theory



Inner ControlsInner Controls

MoralityMorality

ConscienceConscience

Religious PrinciplesReligious Principles

Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveSymbolic Interactionist PerspectiveControl TheoryControl Theory



Outer ControlsOuter Controls

AttachmentsAttachments

CommitmentsCommitments

InvolvementsInvolvements

Beliefs that Actions are Morally WrongBeliefs that Actions are Morally Wrong

Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveSymbolic Interactionist PerspectiveControl TheoryControl Theory



Focuses on the Significance of LabelsFocuses on the Significance of Labels

Labels Become Part of Self-ConceptLabels Become Part of Self-Concept

Propel Towards or Away from DeviancePropel Towards or Away from Deviance

Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveSymbolic Interactionist PerspectiveLabeling TheoryLabeling Theory



Denial of ResponsibilityDenial of Responsibility

Denial of InjuryDenial of Injury

Denial of a VictimDenial of a Victim

Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveSymbolic Interactionist PerspectiveRejecting LabelsRejecting Labels



Condemnation of CondemnersCondemnation of Condemners

Appeal to Higher LoyaltiesAppeal to Higher Loyalties

Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveSymbolic Interactionist PerspectiveRejecting LabelsRejecting Labels



Embracing Labels—Outlaw BikersEmbracing Labels—Outlaw Bikers

The Power of Labels—Saints and The Power of Labels—Saints and

RoughnecksRoughnecks

Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveSymbolic Interactionist PerspectiveLabeling TheoryLabeling Theory



Clarifies Moral Boundaries and Clarifies Moral Boundaries and

Affirms NormsAffirms Norms

Promotes Social UnityPromotes Social Unity

Promotes Social ChangePromotes Social Change

Functionalist PerspectiveFunctionalist PerspectiveCan Deviance Be Functional?Can Deviance Be Functional?



Social Values Produce DevianceSocial Values Produce Deviance

Cultural GoalsCultural Goals

Institutional MeansInstitutional Means

Strain Leads to AnomieStrain Leads to Anomie

Functionalist PerspectiveFunctionalist PerspectiveStrain TheoryStrain Theory



InnovatorsInnovators

RitualismRitualism

RetreatismRetreatism

RebellionRebellion

Functionalist PerspectiveFunctionalist PerspectiveFour Deviant PathsFour Deviant Paths



Unequal Access to Institutional Unequal Access to Institutional

Means to SuccessMeans to Success

Street CrimeStreet Crime

White-Collar CrimeWhite-Collar Crime

Gender and CrimeGender and Crime

Functionalist PerspectiveFunctionalist PerspectiveIllegitimate Opportunity StructuresIllegitimate Opportunity Structures



Street Crime and PrisonsStreet Crime and Prisons

The Decline of CrimeThe Decline of Crime

RecidivismRecidivism

The Death Penalty BiasThe Death Penalty Bias

Reaction to DevianceReaction to Deviance



Legal ChangeLegal Change

Medicalization of DevianceMedicalization of Deviance Neither Mental nor Illness?Neither Mental nor Illness?

Homeless Mentally IllHomeless Mentally Ill

Need for More Humane ApproachNeed for More Humane Approach

Reaction to DevianceReaction to Deviance

Documents

Chapter 8: Deviance and Social Control Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20051 Sociology: A Down-to-Earth Approach 7/e James M. Henslin Chapter Eight: Deviance