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Chapter 7 Worksheet Answers
Eli Whitney
• Creator of two of the biggest inventions of the time.– Interchangeable parts– Cotton Gin
• Interchangeable parts allowed for the mass production of an item which contributed to the industrial revolution.
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Interchangeable parts
• components of any device designed to specifications which ensure that they will fit within any device of the same type.
Mass Production
• the production or manufacture of goods in large quantities, esp. by machinery.
Industrial Revolution
• The complex of radical socioeconomic changes, such as the ones that took place in England in the late 18th century, that are brought about when extensive mechanization of production systems results in a shift from home-based hand manufacturing to large-scale factory production.
Embargo Act = American Industry
• Jefferson would not allow the US to trade with France or Britain (our two biggest trade partners).
• The US was forced to produce items that they were no longer importing.
Industrial Rev = North
• Short Growing seasons.• Less arable land• Large amounts of immigrant population
willing to work for cheap.
Cotton Gin = Slavery
• Cotton farming became 10xs more profitable.• Led to an increase in the number of people
who grow cotton.• More slaves are needed to work in the new
fields.
American System
• Developing transportation system• Establishing a protective tariff• Resurrecting the National Bank• North would provide industry, south would
supply cotton and the west would supply food.• Long term goal was to be national self-
sufficient
National Road & Erie Canal
• Government supported internal improvements that made trade more efficient.
• Erie Canal– Connected the Hudson River to Lake Erie.
– Made it possible for people living in the interior of the US (west of Appl. Mts.) to trade with the east.
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North Support for Tariff
• Imports would be more expensive so people would buy American goods.
• Tariff revenues would help pay for internal improvements.
2nd BUS
• Most people supported • Would guarantee the US had a currency that
would be accepted in other countries.
Gibbons v Ogden
• States could not regulate interstate commerce.
• Established the role of Gov in regulating anything that crosses state lines.
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McCulloch v Maryland
• States don’t have the right to tax federal buildings.
• Established that the Federal government power is stronger than the state.
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Nationalism
• To have pride or identify more with the country you live in as a whole. Not the smaller region or section that you are from.
Adams – Onis Treaty
• Spain was too weak to protect its own colonies.
• 1819 Spain ceded Florida to the US.
Monroe Doctrine
• US becomes the policing power of the western hemisphere. Keep Europe out.
• European countries are allowed to keep their existing colonies, but are not allowed to establish new colonies.
• US felt it would benefit financially and it would protect the US borders.
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Missouri Compromise
• Missouri wanted to be admitted as a slave state, but it would have upset the balance in congress.
• Compromise:– Missouri Slave State– Maine Free State– The 36’30 Line became the boundary for slavery
in the western territories.
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Corrupt Bargain
• Neither John Quincy Adams nor Andrew Jackson won enough electoral votes to become President (even though Jackson received more popular votes)
• House of Representatives breaks a tie. • Henry Clay gets Representatives to vote for
Adams.• Clay is made Sec of State.• http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guid
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Jacksonian Democracy
• Election of 1828 was the first election that did not have property restrictions.– Victory for the common man.
• Created a stronger executive branch and a weaker legislative branch.
• First President to implement the Spoils System• Favored Manifest Destiny.• http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=E164
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Spoils System
• Rewarding friends and supporters with positions within the government.
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Indian Removal Act
• Felt it was necessary to provide more land to the settlers.
• His excuse was that it would protect the Native Americans.
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Worcester V USTrail of Tears
• Cherokees’ sued to remain on land because they conformed to American ways.
• Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Cherokees• Jackson ignored the Supreme Court ruling and
removed them anyways.
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South Carolina Exposition and Protest
• South Carolina felt that the tariff not only helped the North, but hurt the South.
• John C Calhoun said that South Carolina could nullify the Tariff. (States Rights)
• Jackson responded by passing the Force Bill and sending the Military to South Carolina.
Jackson v 2nd BUS
• Felt it was a way the upper class kept the middle class below them. – It controlled who received loans.
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