Chapter 7Cell Structure and Function

Section 7.1- Life is CellularSection 7.2- Eukaryotic Cell StructureSection 7.3- Cell BoundariesSection 7.4- Diversity of Cellular Life

Section 7.2- Eukaryotic Cell Structure

Basic Parts of a Cell

Comparing Cells

• There are some differences between plant and animal cells

• There are some similarities

Nucleus• “The Brain”• DNA, surrounded by nuclear envelope, nucleolus-

where ribosomes are made

Ribosomes

• “The Construction Company”

• Builds proteins• Free floating in the

cytoplasm or attached to the ER

Endoplasmic Reticulum• “The Highway” (tubes and sacs)• Rough– Produces phospholipids and proteins

• Smooth– Produces cholesterols

Golgi Apparatus• “The Post Office”– Receives proteins from ER– Modifies, labels and directs proteins to locations

in the cell

Lysosomes• Specialized organelles– Lysosome- “The Killer or Garbage Truck”• Breaks down molecules• Maintains cell’s health by getting rid of non-functioning

parts

Vacuole• Specialized organelles– Vacuole- “The Storage Center”• Stores water, nutrients and waste

Mitochondria• “The Power House”• Where ATP is produced

Chloroplast• Use light energy to

make C6H12O6 and O2

– Thylakoids• Flattened

membranous sacs that contain chlorophyll

– Chlorophyll• Pigment that

absorbs light and captures light energy for the cell

Cytoskeleton• “The Infrastructure”– Cell support– Microtubule• Hold organelles in

place– Microfilaments• Cell movement

– Intermediate Filaments• Maintain internal

shape of cell