Chapter 6 Section 1 Notes

509 B.C.

264 B.C.

218 B.C.

44 B.C.

A.D. 284

A.D. 476

Ancient Rome and Early Christianity, 500 B.C. – A.D. 500 6

CHAPTER

Time Line

500 B.C. A.D. 500

HOME

Rome becomes a republic.

In the Second Punic War, Hannibal invades Italy.

Diocletian, who will divide the Roman Empire, becomes emperor.

The First Punic War with Carthage begins.

Conspirators kill Julius Caesar.

Western Roman Empire falls with the ouster of the last emperor, Romulus Augustulus.

I. The Beginnings of Rome

A. Geography

             

1. Rome located on the Tiber River and the Palatine

Hill

2. Two major mountain ranges

a. Alps to the North

15,771 ft

b. Apennine running up the spine of Italy

10,000 FT

3. Boot located in the Middle of the

Mediterranean Sea

4. Southern Europe

B. 753B.C. Romulus and

Remus

1. Twin sons of Mars and a Latin

princess

2. Raised by a she-wolf

C. Three groups make up the

Romans

1. Etruscans to North

2. Latins along the Tiber River

3. Greeks in the South

II. The Early Republic ( Public

Affairs )

A. Latin's and Etruscans start the Republic in 509

B.C. Taks Date Must Know

1. A form of government in which

power rest with citizens who have the right to vote to select

the leaders

2. Only free born males had

citizenship

B. Patricians were the rich land owners

1. Patrician officials were called consuls

a. Two consuls ran the government

1.Commanded the army and directed the government

C. Plebeians were the common

farmers, artisans and merchants

1. Plebeian officials were called tribunes

D. Law of the Twelve Tables

1. Hung in the Forum for all to see

2. Made laws fair for all

E. Senate aristocratic branch of the government

1. Had legislative and administrative ( executive ) duties

2. 300 members at first

3. Centuriat Assembly appointed the consuls made up

of patricians / military

4. Later the Tribal Assembly made up of plebeians elected

tribunes

F. In times of crises a dictator would

rule for a six month term

G. The Roman Army

1. Basic fighting unit was called a

Legion 5000 men

III. Rome Spreads its Power

A. Three phases to Roman expansion

1. The boot of Italy

2. Wars with Carthage

a. Punic Wars started in 264 B.C.

                                                 

          

b. First Punic War was for the grain fields on Sicily

1. Rome wins, loses 100,000 men in Mediterranean

c. Second Punic War

1. Fought over Carthage coastal colonies in Spain

and France

2. Rome wins

d. Third Punic War

1. Hannibal general of Carthage

                                         

                  

2. Fabian Roman general

a. Fabian Policy

1. Wait and See

3. Scipio The Elder Roman general who

defeats Hannibalat the Battle of

Carthage

                                             

              

3. The Third Phase was a Domino

Effect in the east

a. Each city-state was offered Roman

protection

b. Each city-state had to give a tribute

of tax, grain, and men