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Chapter 6: NGOs, Indigenous, Ethno-national,
and Religious organizations
Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning.
Nongovernmental Organizations
Private interest groups Allow individuals to participate in
global affairs About 30,000 total Often work with IGOs such as the
UN Challenge state sovereignty
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Trends in the Number of NGOs Since 1956
3
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Indigenous Ethnic Groups
Nonstate nations in the Fourth World Ethnopolitical groups: Common
nationality, language, cultural tradition, kinship ties
Form cultural domains that can cross national borders
Kurds in Turkey, Iraq, Syria Clash of civilizations?
4
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The Indigenous Cultures of the World
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The World’s Major Civilizations: Will Their Clash Create Global Disorder?
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Religious Movements (1 of 2)
Politically active organization based on strong religious convictions
Theocracy Extreme militant religious movements
1. They view existing government authority as corrupt and illegitimate because it is secular
2. They attack the inability of government to address the domestic ills of the society
3. They believe that government and all its domestic and foreign activities must be in the hands of believers
4. They are universalists5. They are exclusionists6. They are militant
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Major Religions of the World
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Religious Movements (2 of 2)
Militant religious movements tend to stimulate five specific types of international activities: • Irredentism• Secession or separative revolts• Migration• Diasporas• International terrorism
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Transnational Terrorist Groups
Terrorism today very different from the past
More lethal Waged by civilians Technology Postmodern terrorism War in Lebanon and Hezbollah Difficulty in defining terrorism
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Multinational Corporations
Primary agents of globalization of production
Foreign direct investment Transnational banks Reduce political borders Distributed wealth unevenly Impact domestic politics Globally integrated enterprise Strategic corporate alliances
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Transnational Advocacy Networks (TANs)
Lobbying governments Setting agendas Providing services
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Issue-Advocacy and Global Civil Society: Can NGOs Transform World Politics?
NGOs as a democratic force Networks of NGOs have contributed to
the emergence of global civil society Low politics Single issue NGOs more influential NGOs compete with one another to
influence decision makers
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Questions for Critical Thinking (1 of 2)
1. In what ways do IGOs and NGOs affect the structure of the international system?
2. In what ways and in which issue areas could NGOs conceivably be more effective than IGOs?
3. How do IGOs reinforce the divisions between the North and the South?
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Questions for Critical Thinking (2 of 2)
4. What are the prospects that the UN will become a more powerful and more effective institution?
5. In what ways do the WTO, World Bank, and IMF affect the Global South?
6. Could the EU replace the United States as the world’s hegemon?
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Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning.
Web Links United Nations The World Trade Organization International Monetary Fund European Union
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NGOS Catholic Church
PolandPhilippinesSouth KoreaLatin America
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NGOS World Council of Churches
Human rights / Democracy in Korea Nobel Committee,
Norwegian Nobel Committee (Peace Prize) Doctors without borders Green Peace Amnesty International
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NGOS International Olympics Committee International Red Cross
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MNCS Kennecott Copper Alcoa Aluminum Exxon-Mobile, BP, etc. Monsanto Corp. Citibank Bank of America Wal-Mart Google CNN
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