Quality What is quality? In what ways does quality impact the
organization? What are some of the reasons why we must consider
quality? What conditions must be present in order to increase
quality? How do we get quality?
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Quality What is quality? Several definitions If a product and
its features comply to the user needs Making products without
defects Meeting a precise and measurable variable (benchmarks,
standards) In what ways does quality impact the organization?
Improved Response Flexible Pricing Improves Reputation Increased
productivity Lower rework and scrap (defects) Lower warranty cost
Ethics recalls?
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Quality What are some of the reasons why we must consider
quality? Our reputation Product liability Global competition What
conditions must be present in order to increase quality? Acceptance
of defects Organizational culture and committment Understanding the
principles of quality Engaged employees Measurement How do we get
quality? Incrementally
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Approaches Continuous Improvement
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Approaches Six Sigma Program approach consists of many QI
projects High reliance on statistics Strategic, Process, Tools
DMAIC Define Purpose Process Data Link to strategy Measure Collect
data Analyze Use tools Method Improve Modify Process Control Ensure
Benefit
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Approaches Employee Empowerment (EE) EE more closely related to
improvements than top-down when nonconformance occurs, the worker
is seldom wrong. Techniques Including employees in communication
networks Developing open and supporting supervisors Responsibility
lies with High Morale Teams and Quality Circles
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Approaches - Benchmarking Benchmarking Just In Time (JIT)
Taguchi Concepts Quality Robust Quality Loss Function
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Quality Tools - Check Sheets
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Quality Tools Fishbone Diagram
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Quality Tools Scatterplots
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Quality Tools Pareto Charts 80% of a firms problems related to
20% of the causes
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Quality Tools Flowchart Depict Sequence of tasks Decisions
within a process Concurrent tasks Detect Repetition Unneeded
tasks
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Quality Tools Control Chart (SPC)
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Inspection Where and when? At your suppliers plant? Before
acceptance of a delivery of supplies? Before a costly process?
Before delivery? Before an irreversible process? ???
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Inspection Source Inspection (or control) Employees Monitor
their work at the source Poka-yokes, checklists Assign Inspection
Points Before acceptance of a delivery of supplies? Before a costly
process? Random?
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Inspection Attributes vs Variables Attributes Defects (either
yes or no) Variables Something measureable (weight, length, time,
etc)
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Statistical Process Control Application of Statistical
Techniques to ensure adherence to standards Variation Natural Cant
be eliminated Assignable attributable to something. Must be
IDENTIFIED and ELIMINATED