Chapter 6 Lecture

Health: The BasicsTenth Edition

Considering Your Reproductive Choices

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Basic Principles of Birth Control

• Birth Control – also called contraception – refers to methods of preventing conception.

• Fertility – a person's ability to reproduce• Perfect-use failure rate – Number of

pregnancies likely to occur (per 100) in first year of use of a method if used consistently and accurately

• Typical-use failure rate – Number of pregnancies likely to occur (per 100) in first year of use of a method if not used consistently and accurately

Contraception Options

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXuiUH37zQw

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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

Choosing a Method of Contraception

• How comfortable would I be using a particular method?• Will this method be convenient for me and my partner?• Am I at risk for the transmission of STIs?• Do I want to have a biological child in the future?• How would an unplanned pregnancy affect my life?• What are my religious and moral values?• How much will the birth control method cost?• Do I have any health factors that could limit my choice?

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Planning a Pregnancy

• Conception occurs where a sperm reaches an egg, usually in the fallopian tube.

• The following conditions are necessary for conception:– A viable egg (ovum)– A viable sperm– Access to the egg by the sperm

• Before becoming pregnant consider – Your emotional health– Maternal health– Paternal health– Financial status

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Fertilization

Conception

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ccA4OqI52bg

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

The Process of Pregnancy

• Early Signs of Pregnancy– Missed period, although spotting may occur– Breast tenderness– Emotional upset– Extreme fatigue– Nausea and vomiting (morning sickness),

most common in morning, but can occur any time of day

– Sleeplessness

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Changes in a Woman's Body During Pregnancy

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The Process of Pregnancy

• First Trimester– Few noticeable changes in woman's body– May urinate more often and experience morning sickness– Embryo differentiates and develops organ systems– At start of third month the embryo is called a fetus, indicating all

organ systems are in place.

• Second Trimester– Physical changes in the woman's body become more noticeable– Placenta—The network of blood vessels connected to umbilical

cord that carries oxygen and nutrients from mother to fetus and fetal waste products to mother becomes well established.

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The Process of Pregnancy (cont.)

• Third Trimester– Greatest fetal growth, gains most of its weight– Fetus must get large amounts of calcium, iron,

and nitrogen from mother's food intake.– Fat layer develops in eighth month.– Respiratory and digestive organs need further

development to avoid complications.

• Emotional Changes– Women may experience fear of complications,

anxiety, wonder and excitement over the baby.

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The Birth Process