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India is so huge that many geographers call it a subcontinent! subcontinent-a large area of land that is a part of a continent. Subcontinents are usually separated from the rest of their continent by physical features: mountains, lakes, etc. Geography of India
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Chapter 6 Geography of Early India India is so huge that many
geographers call it a subcontinent!
subcontinent-a large area of land that is a part of a continent.
Subcontinents are usually separated from the rest of their
continent by physical features: mountains, lakes, etc. Geography of
India The Himalayas Mountains separate India from the rest of
Asia.
Mt. Everest Mountains separate India from the rest of Asia. The
Himalayas are the tallest mountains on all continents. Mt. Everest
is the tallest mountain, 29,029 ft.! They are still growing around
5 mm. every year. How were the Himalayas formed?
Plate tectonics!!!!! Himalayas are the youngest mountain range
onEarth. There are over 100 separate mountains in the range. In 10
million years, the mountain range will have pushed almost a mile
further into Asia!!!! Mt. Everest Trivia First to the top: Sir
Edmund Hillary from New Zealand and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay of Nepal,
in May of 1953. Over 6,000 people have reached the summit Over200
people have lost their lives on the mountain. More Himalaya Trivia
K2 is the second highest mountain, 28,251 ft. Its summit was first
reached in July of 1954, by a team of Italian mountain climbers. It
is located in Karakoram, near the border of Pakistan. Did you know
that Mt. Everest is really not the tallest mountain on Earth? The
tallest mountain is under the Pacific Ocean, in a underwater trench
called Challenger Deep, off the Mariana Islands. Everest would have
to grow 1.3 miles to out match this incredibly tall mountain.
16,000 pounds/sq. inch of pressure is placed on the tiniest
organisms that live down there. Did You Know ? More Himalayas
Incredible !!!!!! Geography Much of India is covered with fertile
plains, rugged mountains, and plateaus. Deccan Plateau Hindu Kush
Mountains And Indus River Fertile farmland Ganges River is very
sacred to the people of India.
Source of the Ganges, The Himalayas Ganges River is very sacred to
the people of India. The Ganges Delta Snakes its way to The Bay Of
Bengal Very Sacred For Hindus Most of India has a hot and humid
climate
Most of India has a hot and humid climate. This climate is heavily
influenced by Indias summer monsoons. What is a monsoon? a wind in
the Indian Ocean and southern Asia that brings heavy rains in the
summer- Some parts of India receive 100 to 200 inches of rain each
season! Climate Flooded farmlands Indus River Valley The Indus
River was once a part of India. Today this region is now located in
the country of Pakistan. It is believed that one of the first
civilizations began in this river valley, around 2300 BC. The
Harappan Civilization
Public Well Ruins at Mohenjo Daro Like other ancient societies, the
Hapappan civilization grew as irrigation and agriculture improved.
MohenjoDaroand Harappa were about 300 miles apart, but they were
remarkably similar. Indias First Cities Ruins Of Harappa Both
Harappa and Mohenjo Daro were well planned cities. We can infer
from this statement that the people of these two cities are
intelligent and talented. These people had a public bath Harappan
Achievements
Most houses had indoor plumbing. They developed Indias first
writing system. Scholars have not yet learned to read this language
so much of their way of life is still a mystery. They had kings and
a strong central government. Where did they go???? Harappan
civilization ended by the early 1700s BC. No one knows why! Perhaps
invaders, disease, natural disasters such as earthquakes or floods
cause the demise of this civilization. Ancient Mohenjo Daro Aryan
Invasion Not long after the Harappan civilization crumbled, a new
group, the Aryans from central Asia, invaded the Indus Valley. They
were skilled warriors, using chariots and advanced weapons. The
Vedas Much of what we know about the Aryans came from their poems,
hymns, myths, rituals, and religious writings called the Vedas. The
Vedas were written by Aryan priests. Sanskrit What is Sanskrit? an
ancient language of India-The Aryans wrote their poems and hymns in
Sanskrit. Aryans kept records in Sanskrit and today we are able to
know much about their history. Sanskrit is no longer spoken. Only a
few priests know this ancient language. The Aryans As nomads, the
Aryans took along their herds of animals as they moved. Unlike the
Harappans, the Aryan built no cities. They lived in small
communities based on family ties. Their community leader was called
a raja. Summary The earliest civilizations in India were centered
in the Indus Valley. First the Harappans and then the Aryans lived
in this fertile valley.