chapter 5 sections 3 and 4

8/7/2019 chapter 5 sections 3 and 4

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Chapter 5: The Young Republic;

Sections 3 and 4

Bell Workp. 203

Overland Trails West MapAnswer the 2 questions


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Religious Revival

Second Great Awakening

Charles G. Finney successful revivalistpreacher

Unitarianism develops

Joseph Smith startedJesus Christ of Latter-daySaints (Mormons)

Lyman Beecher Presbyterian minister whourged citizens to beresponsible for building abetter society

Benevolent societies sprang up incities worked primarily by women


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Social Reform

Some Americans sought utopiaor ideal society such as BrookFarm outside of Boston

Rejected private

property Cooperative living

The American TemperanceUnion fought to outlaw alcohol;some states and towns signed

on in the 1850s Many states began updating

prisons and focusing onrehabilitation


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Education

Why is education so important in ademocracy?

Horace Mann

Helped create the MassachusettsBoard of Education

Served as the Board's Secretarywhere he doubled teachers'salaries and opened 50 new highschools

Established normal schools fortraining educators

Women (could not yet vote)

Emma Willard and Mary Lyon(Mount Holyoke Female Seminarypictured) found girls' boardingschools

Taught academic subjects inaddition to cooking and etiquette


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Women's Movement

Catherine Beecher (daughter ofLyman Beecher) wrote in ATreatise on the DomesticEconomy that could find fulfillmentin childcare, cooking, and health

matters

Lucrecia Mott and Elizabeth CadyStanton organize the Seneca FallsConvention to organize thewomen's movement

The Convention issued aDeclaration of Sentiments andResolutions or Seneca FallsDeclaration opening with, We holdthese truths to be self evident, thatall men and women are createdequal...


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Abolition

The American Colonization Society was anantislavery group who helped about 16,000 slavesrelocate to west Africa to a new nation namedLiberia

William Lloyd Garrison

Founded the Liberator, an abolitionist

newspaper

Advocated emancipation of slaves

Founded the American AntislaverySociety in 1833 and by 1838 hadover 250,000 members

Fredrick Douglas published the North Star and anautobiography

Sojourner Truth gave antislavery speeches thatdrew large crowds

Northern whites were afraid of the effect on theireconomy, but hated slave catchers

Southern whites saw slavery as essential to theirway of life and railed against abolitionists


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Westward Expansion

Manifest Destiny the idea that the nation was meantto spread to the Pacific Ocean

Pre-emption Act allows squatters to buy 160 acres

Oregon Trail and others like it took settlers to the westcoast

The trip took 5 to 6 months at a wagon's pace of 15miles/day

1851 the Treaty of Fort Laramie guaranteed 8 plainstribes certain land that would remain theirs forever


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Texas

Mexico contracted empresarios like StephenAustin to encourage immigration to Texas

When Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna stoppedimmigration in 1830, settlers were furious

After Austin's attempt at negotiations fail, andbeing jailed for 18 months, Santa Annadeclared himself dictator

Texas quickly raised an army and less than200 settlers held out for 13 days at the Alamo

Texans surprised the Mexican army at theBattle of San Jacinto where Santa Anna wascaptured and forced to give Texas itsindependence

This created the Republic of Texas

Texas voted for annexation into the UnitedStates, but Jackson and Tyler could not get itdone because Texas wanted to enter as aslave state


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James K. Polk#11 (1845-1849)

They Might Be Giants (1996)

In 1844, the Democrats were split

The three nominees for the presidentialcandidate

Were Martin Van Buren, a former president

and an abolitionist

James Buchanan, a moderate

Louis Cass, a general and expansionist

From Nashville came a dark horse riding up

He was James K. Polk, Napoleon of theStump

Austere, severe, he held few people dear

His oratory filled his foes with fear

The factions soon agreed

He's just the man we need

To bring about victory

Fulfill our manifest destiny

And annex the land the Mexicans command

And when the votes were cast the winner was

Mister James K. Polk, Napoleon of the Stump

In four short years he met his every goal

He seized the whole southwest from Mexico

Made sure the tarriffs fell

And made the English sell the Oregon territory

He built an independent treasury

Having done all this he sought no second term

But precious few have mourned the passing ofMister James K. Polk, our eleventh president

Young Hickory, Napoleon of the Stump

Documents

chapter 5 sections 3 and 4