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SPEECH TOPIC AND PURPOSEChapter 5 Recap/Lecture
CHOOSING A TOPIC
Topics you want to learn about Topics you know a lot about
Introduction speeches
Brainstorming for topics Personal inventory, clustering, internet
search
DEFINING THE PURPOSE
General purpose (to persuade, to inform….to introduce)
Specific purpose Full infinitive phrase Statement, not question No figurative language Focus on one idea Avoid vague statements Ask yourself:
Does it work? Does it fit in my time frame? How will my audience feel (Relevant? Trivial? Too Technical?)
WHAT’S WRONG?
“To persuade my audience that the U.S. government should increase funding for stem cell research and support the development of hydrogen-fuel vehicles”
“What is an individual retirement account?” “To inform my audience about New Zealand” “Donate blood” “To persuade my audience that something
has to be done about the problem of antibiotic-resistant bacteria”
CENTRAL IDEA
One, concise statement A.K.A. thesis statement, subject sentence, major
thought, residual message Answers the question: “what are you going to
say? What’s the overall point/message?” Similar to summing up main points in one
sentence Guidelines
Full sentence Statement, not question No figurative or vague language
EXAMPLE
Topic: The benefits of living in Georgia General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: To inform my audience
about the several benefits of living in Georgia
Central Idea: Living in Georgia can be a wonderful experience because of its rich culture, various forms of entertainment, and the beautiful surroundings
IN-CLASS SPEECH WORKSHOP
What is your topic? Rough draft of:
Your general purpose Your specific purpose Your central idea
Chat with your classmates; audience analysis How do they feel about the topic? Do they
know anything about the topic?
AUDIENCE ANALYSISChapter 6 Recap/Lecture
AUDIENCE CENTERED SPEECHES
Ask yourself Who is your audience? What is your goal/desired result? How can you effectively reach that
goal/desired result? Create some type of bond Make them choose to listen
LEARNING YOUR AUDIENCE: AUDIENCE ANALYSES
Demographic audience analysis Age, gender, religion, sexual orientation, race,
group membership Avoid stereotypes and insensitive language
Situational audience analysis Size, physical setting (consider uncontrollable
circumstances), disposition (towards speaker, topic, and occasion)
Gathering information Adapting to the audience
IN-CLASS SPEECH WORKSHOP
Partner speeches – practicing Audience Centered speeches