CHAPTER 5:CHAPTER 5:MULTIMEDIA DATABASE MANAGEMENT MULTIMEDIA DATABASE MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURESYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

TOPIC : 5.1 DISTRIBUTED MULTIMEDIA TOPIC : 5.1 DISTRIBUTED MULTIMEDIA DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

ARCHITECTUREARCHITECTURE

GROUP MEMBERS: GROUP MEMBERS:

MAHIRAH BINTI YUSUFMAHIRAH BINTI YUSUF AI080228AI080228

ZULAIKA AK ZAINAL ABIDINZULAIKA AK ZAINAL ABIDIN AI080286AI080286

MASLINDA BINTI SAIDMASLINDA BINTI SAID CI080044CI080044

CHANGGAN NARSINCHANGGAN NARSIN AI080303AI080303

ARCHITECTURAL ARCHITECTURAL CONSIDERATIONSCONSIDERATIONS

C-S SystemC-S System Peer-to-Peer SystemPeer-to-Peer System MPEG-21-Based ArchitectureMPEG-21-Based Architecture

C-S SystemC-S System In this system, client applications request In this system, client applications request

multimedia data from the server, which multimedia data from the server, which are then processed locally. are then processed locally.

This architecture minimizes the degree of This architecture minimizes the degree of parallel processing that can occur because parallel processing that can occur because of the synchronous nature of the request of the synchronous nature of the request function. function.

It is a common experience that pure C-S It is a common experience that pure C-S systems do not scale well with respect to systems do not scale well with respect to the number of users, the heterogeneity of the number of users, the heterogeneity of the terminals employed, and the size of the terminals employed, and the size of the data requested the data requested

Client-server-based multimedia systemClient-server-based multimedia system

Client-server-based multimedia system with different profilesClient-server-based multimedia system with different profiles

Peer-to-Peer SystemPeer-to-Peer System

To allow greater flexibility, multimedia systems evolve from pure C-S system To allow greater flexibility, multimedia systems evolve from pure C-S system

to peer-to-peer (P2P) systems with the notion of a "user," which is defined to peer-to-peer (P2P) systems with the notion of a "user," which is defined

in MPEG-21 as an entity to consume and to produce digital multimedia items. in MPEG-21 as an entity to consume and to produce digital multimedia items. 

A P2P architecture is shown as in Exhibit 5.3, where portable devices with A P2P architecture is shown as in Exhibit 5.3, where portable devices with

various capabilities send and transfer multimedia content from one device to various capabilities send and transfer multimedia content from one device to

another. another. 

Exhibit 5.3 shows a PDA user, a mobile phone user, and PC users Exhibit 5.3 shows a PDA user, a mobile phone user, and PC users

consuming content from the multimedia storage server but also consuming content from the multimedia storage server but also

communicating with each other, including making phone calls, sending e-communicating with each other, including making phone calls, sending e-

mail, images, music, and videos to the other, although the terminal capability mail, images, music, and videos to the other, although the terminal capability

is quite different from PDAs to mobile phones or PCs. is quite different from PDAs to mobile phones or PCs.

Such a system must provide peer-to-peer services which may have the following functions:Such a system must provide peer-to-peer services which may have the following functions:

1. 1. To hold the content from the creation to the delivery.To hold the content from the creation to the delivery.

2. To check the capability of the other peer party and see whether it can process the multimedia data before 2. To check the capability of the other peer party and see whether it can process the multimedia data before

delivering. delivering.

3. To create metadata (e.g., in the form of a MPEG-21 Digital Item [DI]) to describe content received from the 3. To create metadata (e.g., in the form of a MPEG-21 Digital Item [DI]) to describe content received from the

usersusers

Peer-to-peer-based multimedia system

They concern mainly the realization of generic information They concern mainly the realization of generic information

communication between peers. communication between peers.

A set of open peer-to-peer protocols that allow any connected A set of open peer-to-peer protocols that allow any connected

device on the network to communicate and collaborate in a peer-device on the network to communicate and collaborate in a peer-

to-peer manner has to be defined. to-peer manner has to be defined.

All the negotiation messages will sit on top of the generic peer-All the negotiation messages will sit on top of the generic peer-

to-peer communication protocols that are uplayers of physical to-peer communication protocols that are uplayers of physical

network protocols.network protocols.

In a peer-to-peer multimedia environment, In a peer-to-peer multimedia environment, mobile agents are an important paradigm.mobile agents are an important paradigm.

Mobile agents is a process that can Mobile agents is a process that can transport its state from 1 environment to transport its state from 1 environment to another.another.

The great advantage of a mobile agent is The great advantage of a mobile agent is that it is simultaneously a client and a that it is simultaneously a client and a server.server.

Natural applications in distributed Natural applications in distributed MMDBMSs are multiuser applications, MMDBMSs are multiuser applications, such as video conferencing, network such as video conferencing, network management, and distributed search.management, and distributed search.

Therefore, several works recently Therefore, several works recently attempted to integrate mobile agent attempted to integrate mobile agent technology into distributed technology into distributed MMDBMSs.MMDBMSs.

mobile agent system was developed on mobile agent system was developed on top of the multimedia extension of Oracle top of the multimedia extension of Oracle 9i that allows the execution of personal 9i that allows the execution of personal multimedia-searching algorithms in the multimedia-searching algorithms in the core of the Oracle database.core of the Oracle database.

The system uses the JServer functionality The system uses the JServer functionality of Oracle 9i, including its CORBA services, of Oracle 9i, including its CORBA services, which are provided by a VisiBroker CORBA which are provided by a VisiBroker CORBA ORB.ORB.

MPEG-21-Based MPEG-21-Based ArchitectureArchitecture

Peer-to-peer-based multimedia system relying on MPEG-21.Peer-to-peer-based multimedia system relying on MPEG-21.

The The Multimedia Database Multimedia Database holds a collection of MPEG-21 Dis.holds a collection of MPEG-21 Dis.

DID contain:DID contain:

• DI identification(s) DI identification(s) for describing the item,for describing the item,

• DI adaptation(s) DI adaptation(s) for describing its quality of service characteristics for describing its quality of service characteristics and and

• Rights Expression Language (REL) descriptor(s) Rights Expression Language (REL) descriptor(s) for describing its for describing its usage rights. usage rights.

The The Web server Web server is the front end for all users to the framework providers. is the front end for all users to the framework providers. It serves several needs, including the following:It serves several needs, including the following:

• SearchingSearching

• Uploading and downloading DIsUploading and downloading DIs

• PurchasingPurchasing

• ControllingControlling

The The MPEG-21 terminalsMPEG-21 terminals

• where users consume and create DIs for the use in the distributed where users consume and create DIs for the use in the distributed system.system.

• could be a Web browser application, a media player, or potentially a could be a Web browser application, a media player, or potentially a media recorder.media recorder.

• contains software to upload or download content, buy or sell licenses, contains software to upload or download content, buy or sell licenses, activate the on-demand media streamer, or tune into a broadcast activate the on-demand media streamer, or tune into a broadcast session.session.

A A media streamer media streamer

• streams content to a user for immediate consumption.streams content to a user for immediate consumption.

• can stream on a one-to-one connection, as in on-demand (pull) can stream on a one-to-one connection, as in on-demand (pull) applications, or it can broadcast (push).applications, or it can broadcast (push).

• In both cases, resources will usually be protected, and only licensed In both cases, resources will usually be protected, and only licensed users can play it.users can play it.

In a peer-to-peer manner, the terminal may create DIs, too. For instance, In a peer-to-peer manner, the terminal may create DIs, too. For instance, the user creates the resource with available media recorder and then the user creates the resource with available media recorder and then generates descriptions for the resource.generates descriptions for the resource.

These descriptions include the identification in the form of the DI These descriptions include the identification in the form of the DI Identification, information for adaptation engines in the form of DI Identification, information for adaptation engines in the form of DI adaptation, and the rights associated to the resource in the form of a REL adaptation, and the rights associated to the resource in the form of a REL description.description.

The resource and the descriptions are bundled in the DID and are uploaded The resource and the descriptions are bundled in the DID and are uploaded to the Web server for further use in the system; for example, to be stored in to the Web server for further use in the system; for example, to be stored in the database or delivered directly to another user.the database or delivered directly to another user.