CHAPTER 5

Data and Knowledge Management

Announcements

• Today• Chapter 5 – Data and Knowledge Mgmt

• Tuesday• Access Tutorial• Project 1

• Questions/comments

Digital Universe

Doubling in size every 2 years

Source: http://www.emc.com/leadership/digital-universe/2014iview/executive-summary.htm

Annual Flood of Data from….. Credit card swipes

E-mails

Digital video

Online TV

RFID tags

Blogs

Digital video surveillance

Radiology scans Source: Media Bakery

Industrial Revolution of Data => “Big Data”

Annual Flood of New Data!

In the zettabyte range

1 zettabyte =

1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 bytes

© Fanatic Studio/Age Fotostock America, Inc.

“Big Data” is getting bigger

Solutions to manage it

Big Data

Diverse, high-volume, high-velocity information assets that require new forms of processing o enable enhanced decision making.

Examples of Big Data

Managing Big Data

Difficulties in Managing Data

Source: Media Bakery

Solution: Governance

Data Governance

Implementation Strategy:

Master Data Management

=> Set of Rules

Master Data Management: Types of Data

John Stevens registers for Introduction to Management Information Systems (ISMN 3140) from 10 AM until 11 AM on Mondays and Wednesdays in Room 41 Smith Hall, taught by Professor Rainer.

Transaction Data Master Data

The Database Approach

Database management system (DBMS)

Minimize the following problems:

Maximize the following:

1. Data redundancy2. Data isolation3. Data inconsistency

1. Data security2. Data integrity3. Data independence

Database Management Systems

How is data organized in a DB:Data Hierarchy

Field

Record

File (or table)

Database

Is a grouping of

Is a grouping of

Is a grouping of

Data Hierarchy (continued)

Example: Field Record

Data Hierarchy (continued)

Example: Field Record

Designing the Database:Data Model

Entity Instance

Attribute Primary key Secondary keys

Student

Student ID (pk)Student NameStudent AddressStudent Major

Student

850000000 (pk)John Doe123 Anywhere St.MIS

Entity Instance

Primary

Secondary

Data Model Technique:Entity-Relationship Modeling

Database designers plan the database design in a process called entity-relationship (ER) modeling/diagrams.

ER diagrams consists of:

1)

2)

3)

Entity-relationship diagram model

Relationships Between Entities

Entity-relationship diagram model

Entity-relationship diagram: Exercise

Create a simple ER Diagram for a hospital.

Database Management Systems

Database management system (DBMS)

Focus of this course: Relational database model Related Tables (PK Important) Data dictionary

How do you request data? Structured Query Language (SQL) - keywords

Query by Example (QBE) – forms/templatesMicrosoft Access

Student Database Example

Relational DB Effectiveness: Normalization

Normalization (most streamlined DB)

Non-Normalized Database

Normalizing the Database (part A)

Normalizing the Database (part B)

Normalization Produces Order

Beyond Databases:Data Warehousing

Data warehouses and Data Marts Organized by business dimension or subject

Multidimensional

Historical

Use online analytical processing

Data Warehouse Framework & Views

Source Systems

Data Integration

Data Storage Users

Benefits of Data Warehousing

Knowledge Management (KM)

Knowledge aka. Intellectual Capital

Knowledge management systems (KMSs) Goal: Systematize, enhance and expedite Examples

© Peter Eggermann/Age Fotostock America, Inc.

Challenges to Capturing Knowledge

© Ina Penning/Age Fotostock America, Inc.

Knowledge Management System Cycle

DB Impacting our lives

Facebook

DB Impacting our lives

NSA Utah Data Center

•internet searches (ie; here's a collection of searches by Federal Government workers)•websites visited•emails sent and received•social media activity (Facebook, Twitter, etc)•blogging activity including posts read, written, and commented on - View our patent•videos watched and/or uploaded online•photos viewed and/or uploaded online•mobile phone GPS-location data•mobile phone apps downloaded•phone call records - View our patent•text messages sent and received•Skype video calls

DB Impacting our lives

•online purchases and auction transactions•credit card/ debit card transactions•financial information•legal documents•travel documents•health records•cable television shows watched and recorded•commuter toll records•electronic bus and subway passes / Smartpasses•facial recognition data from surveillance cameras•educational records•arrest records•driver license information

NSA Utah Data Center

Data and Knowledge Management: Application to other majors

• Accounting

• Marketing

• Finance

• Operations Management

DB Exercise

Create the entities you would need for a

student registration system. Draw out how

the tables may look and how they are

related.

Next Class…

• Access Tutorial (bring yellow casebook)

• Bring your flash drive • You will need to save your files either

to a flash drive or your Timmy account