Chapter 5 and 6

Child Perspectives and Physical Development

Children as little adults Children as burdens Children as utility

Do children know right from wrong? At what age do they learn morality? Can I teach a child to be a stone cold

murderer?

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Children were viewed as naturally amoral

Led to the physical abuse ofchildren as a means of

curbing rebellious behavior

Children as morally neutral

_____________children are a blank slate. Neither good nor bad Discouraged use of physical punishment

Believed it fostered poor self control and only teacher fear and anger.

Noble Savages- Rousseau believed that children were born with a sense of right and wrong.

He outlined 4 stages of development Infancy, childhood, late childhood, and

adolescence Emphasized Maturation

The unfolding of genetically determined patterns of growth and development

G Stanley HallCollected data on children using

questionnairesLed to development of normative data on

child development Arnold Gesell

Stressed biological maturation Lewis Terman

Intelligence testing1st Longitudinal study

Height and WeightRapid growth in first yearMore steady growth ages 1 to puberty

Gender differences are non existent in terms of size and growth during infancy and childhood

Infants double in weight by 5 months, triples in 1 year and quadruples by age 2

____________________________

The process by which neurons become coated with an insulating fatty substance called myelinHelps to transmit nerve impulses faster and

more efficientlyNot fully developed at birthCompleted by late teens or early adulthood

Deciduous Permanent

Gross Motor Skills: Gross Motor Video Broad muscle development: Examples include

Jumping Skipping Running Balancing Table 6.4 in the book examines progress of these skills

over time. _______________: Fine Motor Video

Small muscle development and hand eye coordination Scribbling Dressing Cutting Coloring Tie shoelaces Table 6.5 in the book examines progress of these skills

over time.

Binocular vision by about 4 months ____________________

Most children ages 6 to 14 months would not cross the cliff

These developments become obvious in artwork

Preferences for human faces

Breast Feeding vs Bottle FeedingWhich is better and why?

Nutritionally superior Convenience and practicality Psychological advantages

Disadvantages Inconvenience Transmission of disease and drugs

Changing trendsShift back to breastfeeding

Obesity StatisticsVideo

How would you address this problem?

What are core aspects of your plan? What resources do you need to

implement your plan? How will you address this with your

patients? How will you educate your children?

Erections can occur immediately following birth or during the first months of life

Vaginal lubrication can also occur in the first 24 hours of life.

_______________________________________ In early childhood exploration and pretend

play are normal. Playing, touching, looking are normal Supervision is required

In middle childhood exploration sometimes increases. 1/3 of females and 2/3 of males had

masturbated by age 13

DefinitionMolestationAdvancesSuggestive language or imagesExploitation

Likely to occur in the home of child or perpetrator

Rarely a complete strangerOften a family member or family friend

Often threatened to prevent disclosure

The statistics are shocking _________girls is sexually abused before the age of 18. 1 in 6 boys is sexually abused before the age of 18. 1 in 5 children are solicited sexually while on the internet.

Nearly 70% of all reported sexual assaults (including assaults on adults) occur to children ages 17 and under.

Even within the walls of their own homes, children are at risk for sexual abuse ___________of victims are abused by a family member. Another 50% are abused by someone outside of the family whom

they know and trust. Approximately 40% are abused by older or larger children whom

they know. Therefore, only 10% are abused by strangers.

Sexual abuse can occur at all ages, probably younger than you think The median age for reported abuse is 9 years old. More than ______of children are sexually abused before the age of

8. Nearly 50% of all victims of forcible sodomy, sexual assault with an

object, and forcible fondling are children under 12.

Low self esteem Self blame and guilt Anxiety

Fear and phobias Depression

________________SuicideDifficulty with intimacy

Sexual promiscuity Substance abuse