Chapter 33 Terms

1. Angina pectoris

• Pain that indicates a heart attack

• Caused by a blockage in the coronary artery

Antibody

• Y shaped proteins

• Created by the immune system

• Clump foreign substances together in the blood

Antigen

• A foreign substance in the body that triggers an immune response.

Aorta

• The largest artery in the body

• Exits the heart

Arteriole

• Smallest branching of an artery

• Lead directly to capillaries

Artery

• Blood vessel that moves blood AWAY from the heart

• Very thick walls

Atrioventricular valve

• Valves found between the ATRIA and VENTRICLES

• Prevents backflow of blood

Atrium

• “TOP” chambers of the heart

• Move blood into ventricles

• “Measure” blood for the ventricles to pump

blood

• Connective tissue

• Medium that carries requirements to cells

• Medium that carries wastes away from cells

blood pressure

• Pressure exerting on the INSIDE of blood vessels

• Created by the force of the pumping heart

capillary

• Smallest blood vessels in body

• Materials can enter and exit the blood through capillaries

cardiac cycle

• One complete cycle of the heart beat

circulatory (cardiovascular system)

• System of transport in organisms

• Moves materials to and from tissues

closed circulatory system

• Circulatory system where blood does NOT leave the conducting vessels

diastole

• Relaxation period of the heart cycle

ECG

• ElectroCardioGram

• Graph of the electrical activity of the heart during the cardiac cycle

Heart attack

• Situation where blood flow is blocked from the heart tissues

• Muscle cells cannot contract

Hemoglobin

• Molecule that gives blood its red color

• Carries oxygen in the blood

lymph

• Tissue fluid that is actively being transported back to the bloodstream via lymph vessels

Open circulatory system

• Circulatory system where blood exits the vessels and bathes tissues directly (more primative)

plasma

• Liquid part of the blood (55%)

• Mostly made up of water

Portal system

• A pathway of blood that begins and ends in capillary flow

• i.e blood flows from the intestine to the liver and then back to the main bloodstream

Pulmonary circuit

• Circuit of blood flow from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

Pulse

• “Bubble” of blood that passes through arteries after the heart beats

Red blood cell

• Type of cell that contains the hemoglobin

• Carries oxygen

Semilunar valve (aortic valve and pulmonary valve)

• Valves that prevent backflow of blood

Septum

Stroke

Systemic circuit

• Circulation of blood from the heart to the body tissues and then back to the heart again.

Systole

• Period of contraction during a heartbeat

Tissue fluid

• Fluids surrounding cells

• Contain materials that must be diffused into the cells

• Contain waste materials (from cells) that must be removed

Vein

Vena cava

Ventricle

Venule

• Smallest branching of a vein.

• Blood enters these from the capillaries

White blood cell