Chapter 3.2 Section II PartA 2007 With KRs Notations 6-2-08!6!18-08

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3.2 by Elmar Upitis and Richard Moen. – KR Rao (Editor) 6-3-08; 6-17-08

March 10, 2008

ASME BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE SECTION II

3.2 BASIS FOR ACCEPTANCE OF MATERIALS FOR CODE

CONSTRUCTION – SECTION II, PART A: FERROUS MATERIAL

SPECIFICATIONS

3.2.1 Introduction

It is the policy of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee to adopt for

inclusion in Section II of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code only the

specifications that have been adopted by the American Society for Testing and Materials

(ASTM), the American Welding Society (AWS) (for Section II, Part C), and by other

recognized national or international organizations. The ASME material specifications are

based on those published by ASTM, AWS, or other recognized national or international

organizations. Material produced to an acceptable Material Specification is not limited as

to country of origin.

In 1992, the BPTCS endorsed the use of non-ASTM materials for boiler and pressure

vessel applications. The Code follows the procedures and practices currently in use for

ASTM materials to implement the adoption of non-ASTM Material Specifications.

Not all materials listed in Section II, Part A have been adopted for Code use. Usage is

limited only to those materials and grades adopted by at least one of the other Code

sections for application under the rules of that section. Materials covered by these

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specifications are acceptable for use in items covered by the Code sections only to the

degree indicated in the applicable section.

All materials accepted by the various Code Sections and used for construction within

the scope of their rules must be furnished in accordance with the Material Specifications

contained in Section II, Parts A, or B, or C, or referenced in Appendix A of Part A except

where otherwise provided in ASME Code Cases or in the applicable section of the Code.

3.2.2 Organization of Section II, Part A

ASME Section II, Part A contains ferrous Material Specifications adopted by the

ASME for construction of boiler, pressure vessel, and nuclear power plant components.

The ASME Material Specifications in Section II, Part A, are arranged in numerical

sequence starting with SA-6/SA-6M and ending with the international Material

Specifications adopted by ASME (e.g., SA/CSA-G40.21, SA/EN 10028-2, and SA/JIS

G3118). Part A also contains the following:

(1) Specification Removal.

(2) Guideline on Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel

Code.

(3) Guideline on the Approval of New Materials Under the ASME Boiler and Pressure

Vessel Code.

(4) Guidelines on Acceptable ASTM Editions.

(5) Guidelines on Acceptable Non-ASTM Editions.

(6) Guidelines on Multiple Marking of Materials.

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(7) Summary of Changes.

(8) List of Changes in BC Order.

3.2.3 Material Specifications Included in Section II, Part A

The ASME specifications are listed in two separate indices in Section II, Part A. One

(Specifications Listed in Numerical Sequence) lists all the Material Specifications in Part A

in their numerical sequence; the other (Product Specifications Listed by Materials) lists the

applicable specifications in numerical sequence under the various product forms or

methods. The product forms are as follows:

(1) pipes;

(2) tubes;

(3) flanges, fittings, valves, and parts;

(4) plates, sheets, and strips for pressure vessels;

(5) bars;

(6) bolting materials;

(7) billets and forgings;

(8) castings.

Under Specifications Listed by Materials, there are also special material groupings as

follows:

(1) Structural steel;

(2) Corrosion-resisting and heat-resisting steels;

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(3) Wrought iron, cast iron, and malleable iron.

Most ASME Material Specifications in Section II, Part A have been adopted from

ASTM standards. Recent changes in the Code policy made it possible to also adapt

Material Specifications from other national or international standards. The ASME Material

Specifications can be recognized by letters “S” or “SA”, which have been added to the

adopted Material Specifications. The letter S appears in front of the adopted ASTM

Material Specification numbers (SA-20/SA-20M, SA-516/SA-516M, SF-568, etc.),

whereas SA appears in front of other adopted national or international specification

numbers (SA/CSA-G40.21, SA/EN-10028-1, etc.) to distinguish the ASME specifications

from other specifications (A 516/A 516M, F 568, CSA-G40.21, EN 10028-1, etc.). An

ASME Material Specification also states whether the ASME specification is identical to the

adopted standard specification, and if not, lists any additions and exceptions to that

specification, and lists the date of the adopted specification as published in the ASTM or in

another national or international standard.

However, Section II, Part A includes only the ASME cover sheets for adopted (non-

ASTM) national or international specifications for which the ASME has not been given

permission by the originating organization to publish as Material Specifications. These

ASME cover sheets list the national or international specification adopted by ASME, the

issue dates of the adopted specifications, the additional ASME requirements, and the

source for obtaining copies of the referenced national or international specifications and

other documents referenced in the specifications. Users should obtain their own copies of

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the non-ASTM national or international specifications listed in the cover sheet, as well as

any other referenced specifications in the adopted specification.

Some of the Material Specifications in Section II, Part A include general requirements

specifications. These specifications cover a group of common requirements that, unless

otherwise specified in the individual Material Specification, apply to all Material

Specifications for that product form. For example, SA-516/SA-516M references SA-

20/SA-20M (Specification for General Requirements for Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels)

for manufacturing, chemical analysis, and several other requirements. Some other

specifications include requirements for test-methods or nondestructive examination. An

example of a test methods specification is SA-370 (Standard Test Methods and Definitions

for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products); an example of a nondestructive-examination

specification is SA-578/SA-578M (Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic

Examination of Plain and Clad Steel Plates for Special Applications).

The following are typical examples of ASME Material Specifications published in

Section II, Part A, showing only the first page of the specification

SA-516/SA-516M This specification is identical with ASTM specification A 516/A

516M-93. (See Fig. 3.2.1.)

SA-336/SA-336M This specification is identical with ASTM specification A 336/A

336M-96 except for clarified heat treatment requirements in 6.2.

SA-240/SA-240M This specification is identical to ASTM specification A 240/A

240M-04. (See Fig. 3.2.2.)

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SA/EN 10028-2 This specification is identical with BS EN 10028-2-1993 with the

additional requirements listed on the ASME cover sheet. (See Fig. 3.2.3.) No other edition

is approved for ASME use.

FIG. 3.2.1

(Insert a copy of first page of specification SA-516/SA-516M from

2007 Edition of Section II, Part A, page 957)

FIG. 3.2.2

(Insert a copy of first page of specification SA-240/SA-240M from


FIG. 3.2.3

(Insert a copy of specification SA/EN 10028-2 from


3.2.4 Guidelines for Approval and Use of the Materials for ASME Code Construction

Section II, Part A includes the following general guidelines for approval and use of

materials for ASME Code construction:

(1) Preparation of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee.

(2) Acceptable ASTM and Non-ASTM Editions.

(3) Guideline on Marking of Materials.

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The following is a brief summary of the provisions in the last two of these guidelines.

The Guideline on the Approval of New Materials Under the ASME Boiler and Pressure

Vessel Code is discussed in paragraph 3.2.5.

3.2.4.1 Acceptable ASTM and Non-ASTM Editions All materials originating from

an ASTM specification, allowed by the various Code Sections and used for construction

within the scope of their rules shall be furnished in accordance with the Material

Specifications contained within Section II and this guideline except where otherwise

provided in Code Cases or in the applicable Section of the Code. Materials covered by

these Specifications are acceptable for use in items covered by the Code Sections only to

the degree indicated in the applicable Section. Materials for Code use should preferably be

ordered, produced, and documented on this basis; however, material produced under an

ASTM Specification listed in Table ED-1 may be used in lieu of the corresponding ASME

Specification listed in this guideline. Table ED-1 lists the latest adopted ASTM

Specifications and the issue dates of other acceptable ASTM editions, as well as the

Codebook sections of the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code in which a particular

specification is approved for use.

Material produced to an ASME or ASTM Specification with requirements different

from the requirements of the corresponding Specification may also be used in accordance

with the above, provided the material manufacturer or vessel manufacturer certifies with

evidence acceptable to the Authorized Inspector that the corresponding Specification

requirements have been met. This guideline lists the Specifications, originating from

ASTM, and their acceptable dates of issue as well as the Book sections of the ASME boiler

Code in which the specification is approved for use.

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All materials originating from a non-ASTM Specification, allowed by the various Code

Sections and used for construction within the scope of their rules shall be furnished inaccordance with the Material Specifications contained within Section II and this guideline

except where otherwise provided in Code Cases or in the applicable Section of the Code.

Materials covered by these Specifications are acceptable for use in items covered by the

Code Sections only to the degree indicated in the applicable Section. Materials for Code

use should preferably be ordered, produced, and documented on this basis; however,

material produced under a non-ASTM Specification listed in Table ED-2 may be used in

lieu of the corresponding ASME Specification as listed in this Appendix. Material

produced to an ASME or non-ASTM Specification with requirements different from the

requirements of the corresponding Specification may also be used in accordance with the

above, provided the material manufacturer or vessel manufacturer certifies with evidence

acceptable to the Authorized Inspector that the corresponding Specification requirements

have been met. This guideline lists the non-ASTM Specifications, originating not from

ASTM, and their acceptable dates of issue as well as the Book sections of he ASME boiler

Code in which the specification is approved for use.

3.2.4.2 Guidelines on Multiple Marking of Materials Many Material Specifications

or grades have significant overlap of chemical composition ranges or mechanical

properties. It is common for Material Manufacturers to produce materials that meet the

requirements of more than one specification, grade, class, or type. Some examples are SA-

516 Gr. 65 and Gr. 70, SA-53 and SA-106, and SA-240 Type 304 and Type 304L, and so

forth.

Dual marking on materials is acceptable, as long as the material so marked meets all of

the requirements of all of the specifications, grades, classes, and types with which it is

marked. All of the attributes of the multiply-marked grades of sp4ecifications must overlap

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(e.g. chemical composition, mechanical properties, dimensions and tolerances). The

material so marked must also exhibit values that all fall within the limitations of the

overlaps, and the controlled attributes of the specification or grades must overlap (e.g.

melting practices, heat treatments, and inspection requirements).

Grade substitution is not permitted. For example, material that meets all of the

composition limits for SA-240 Type 304, contains 0.06% C and 0.02% N, but also contains

0.45% Ti. This material cannot be marked or supplied as meeting SA-240, Type 304

because the Ti content meets the requirements of SA-240, Type 321 – that is,: Ti must be at

least 5 x (C + N) but not more than 0.7%.

3.2.5 Guideline on the Approval of New Materials Under the ASME Boiler and

Pressure Vessel Code

Each Part of Section II includes a guideline on the approval of new materials for use in

ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code construction. The Inquirer must furnish to the

Code Committee the appropriate Material Specification and the data specified in the

guideline to enable the Committee to evaluate the material and to assign design stress

values over the range of temperatures for which the material is to be used. The following is

a brief summary of the guideline in Part A of Section II. Readers should familiarize

themselves with all the provisions of the guidelines in Section II, Parts A and D, before

submitting requests to the Code Committee for approval of new materials. However, the

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material cannot be used in Code construction until adopted by one of the Codebook

sections (such as Section I, VIII, Division 1 and Division 2, etc.).

3.2.5.1 Code Policy This guideline in Section II, Part A (also Appendix 5 in Section II,

Part D) outlines the Code requirements for approval of new materials. It is the policy of

the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code to adopt for inclusion in Section II only those

specifications which have been adopted by the ASTM, by the AWS, and by other

recognized national or international organizations. For materials made to a recognized

national or international specification other than ASTM or AWS, the inquirer must notify

the standards-developing organization that a request has been made to ASME for adoption

of their specification under the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. In addition, the

inquirer must request that the organization grant ASME permission to reprint the

specification. This action does not prohibit requests for Code approval of other materials;

in such cases the inquirer shall make a request to ASTM, AWS, or other appropriate

national or international organization to develop a specification that can be presented to the

Code Committee.

It is a policy of the Code Committee to consider requests to adopt new materials only

from boiler, pressure-vessel, or nuclear-power-plant-component manufacturers or end

users. Furthermore, such requests should be for materials for which a reasonable

expectation exists for use in a boiler, pressure vessel, or nuclear power plant component

constructed to the rules of one of the of the Codebook Sections. All requests for adoption

of new materials shall include the following information:

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3.2.5.2 Application The inquirer shall identify the following:

(1) the section or sections and divisions of the Code in which the new material is to be

incorporated;

(2) the temperature range of the application;

(3) whether cyclic service is to be considered;

(4) whether external pressure is to be considered; and

(5) all product forms, size ranges, and specifications for which incorporation is desired.

3.2.5.3 Mechanical Properties The inquirer shall furnish the following data on which

to base the design values for inclusion in the applicable in the Code tables:

(1) The appropriate Material Specification,

(2) Ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, reduction of area, and elongation, at 100 oF

(or 50oC) intervals, from room temperature to 100oF (50oC) above the maximum-

use temperature, unless the maximum use-temperature does not exceed 100oF

(50oC),

(3) If the desired maximum use-temperature involves time-dependent behavior, stress-

rupture data and creep-rupture-strength data of the base metal and appropriate weld

metals and weldments at 100oF (50oC) intervals to 100oF (50oC) above the intended

maximum-use temperature,

(4) Notch toughness data for all materials for which Code toughness rules would be

expected to apply, including test results for the intended lowest service metal

temperature and for the range of desired material thickness. For welded

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construction, the notch-toughness data shall include the results of Code-toughness

tests for weldments and heat-affected zones for weldments made by the intended

welding processes.

(5) Stress-strain curves (tension or compression) for material in components that

operate under external pressure, at 100oF (50oC) intervals over the range of desired

design temperatures.

(6) Fatigue data, if the material is to be used in cyclic service and if the Construction

Code requires explicit consideration of cyclic behavior.

In general, for all mechanical properties, the data shall be furnished from at least three

heats of material--meeting all requirements of the specification for at least one product

form for which adoption is desired--for each test at each test temperature. For product

forms for which the properties may be size-dependent, data from products of different

sizes, including the largest size for which adoption is desired, shall be provided.

3.2.5.4 Other Properties The inquirer shall furnish to the Committee adequate data

necessary to establish values for the following properties over the range of temperatures for

which the material is to be used when the applicable Construction Code requires explicit

consideration:

(1) Young’s modulus;

(2) shear modulus;

(3) Poisson’s ratio;

(4) coefficient of thermal expansion,

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(5) thermal conductivity; and

(6) diffusivity.

3.2.5.5 Weldability The inquirer shall furnish complete data on the weldability of the

material intended for welding, including data on procedure qualification tests made in

accordance with the requirements of Section IX. Welding tests shall be made over the full

range of thickness in which the material will be used. The inquirer shall provide pertinent

information such as the following:

(1) postweld heat treatment required;

(2) susceptibility to air hardening;

(3) the effect of welding procedure on heat-affected zone and weld metal notch

toughness; and

(4) the amount of experience in welding the material.

3.2.5.6 Physical Changes The inquirer shall also inform the Committee on the

influence of conditions known to the inquirer that could cause significant changes in the

mechanical properties, microstructure, resistance to brittle fracture, and so on, during

manufacture or service, such as the following:

(1) fabrication practices (e.g., forming, welding, thermal treatments, including cooling

rates, and combinations of mechanical working and heat treatments).

(2) exposure to certain service environments, including temperature ranges of

exposure.

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The inquirer may refer to known properties or known conditions of ASME-approved,

like materials in his request for Code approval of a particular material. The Code

Committees will evaluate the data and will indicate approval and any additions or

exceptions applicable to the specification published in the national or international standard

and adopted by the ASME.

3.2.5.7 ASME Code Cases The Code Committee will consider the issuance of an

ASME Code Case--permitting the use of a new material--if the following conditions are

met:

(1) The inquirer provides evidence that the material is made to an ASTM Specification

or a recognized national or international standard.

(2) The material is commercially available and can be purchased to the proposed

specification requirements.

(3) The inquirer shows that there is a reasonable demand of the material exists in the

industry and that there exists an urgency for approval by means of a Code Case.

(4) The request for approval of the material shall clearly describe it in specification

form (i.e., the scope, process, manufacture, delivery conditions, heat treatment,

chemical and tensile property requirements, testing requirements, forming

properties, workmanship, finish, marking, inspection and rejection).

(5) The inquirer furnishes all he data specified in the “Guideline on the Approval of

New Materials under the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code”.

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(6) All other requirements identified in Section II under “Code Policy” and

“Application” have been met.

3.2.6 References

1. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section II, Part A, The American Society of Mechanical

Engineers, 2007 edition.

2. Moen, Richard A., CASTI Guidebook to ASME Section II, B31.1 & B31.3 (Materials Index), 2008.

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Chapter 3.2 Section II PartA 2007 With KRs Notations 6-2-08!6!18-08