Chapter 31: World War I

“The War to End All Wars”

Pages 583-598

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Teaching Objectives:• Identify the factors (industrialization,

nationalism, competition for colonies, building of alliances and an arms race) that led to war.

• Identify the forces prior to WWI that favored peace.

• Explain pull factors that brought countries into the “Great War.”

• Describe events in World War I• The outcome of World War I including the

Treaty of Versailles harsh realities

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Key Vocabulary1. Industrialization

2. Nationalism

3. Imperialism

4. Militarism

5. Allies

6. Central Powers

7. Lenin

8. Woodrow Wilson

9. Fourteen Points

10. League of Nations

11. Triple Alliance

12. Triple Entente

13. Pan American Union

14. International Red Cross

15. Geneva Convention of 1864

16. Versailles Treaty

17. Mandates

18. Serbia

19. Archduke Francis Ferdinand

20. Sarajevo

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Europe in 1914

1. Atlantic Ocean

2. Portugal

3. Spain

4. France

5. Great Britain

6. Switzerland

7. Italy

8. German Empire

9. Austria-Hungary

10. Romania

11. Montenegro

12. Serbia

13. Bulgaria

14. Albania

15. Greece

16. Ottoman Empire

17. Norway

18. Sweden

19. Mediterranean Sea

20. North Sea

Many Factors Caused WWI•Industrialization

•Growing Nationalism

•Imperialism

•Alliances divide Europe

•Britain expanded navy

From 1870 – 1914:

European nations changed greatly and didn’t know how to adjust.

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Industrialization

• Economic competition posed a threat

• Ability to build new weapons

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Extreme Nationalism New countries form~

old countries worry– Control new

colonies– Formed Alliances– Build armies

German U-boats

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Imperialism• Control people

in other parts of the world

• Africa – Morocco– Boer War– Russo-

Turkish War– Asia

• Congress of Berlin

Boer women and children in concentration camps.

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Europe in 1914

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German Alliances

• Otto von Bismarck • Triple Alliance

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Kaiser Wilhelm II• Undoes all of what

Bismarck put in place.– Ends friendship

with Russia– Joins Austria

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Britain Alliances• “Splendid Isolationism”• Germany was catching up

– Wilhelm II threatens blockade

– England + France = Entente Cordiale

– Entente Cordiale + Russia = Triple Entente

Section 2: Some Forces

Promoted Peace

Page 587

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World Economy Needed Peace

• Peace would allow the sharing of resources and the loaning of money to build items needed in the new countries.

• New organizations developed

Section 3:Balkan Crisis Escalated

Page 588

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Just an Excuse• “July Crisis”

– Time from assassination until war declared in August.

• Austria-Hungary against Serbia, but needed a reason

• Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand = reason

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Chain of Events1. Serbian assassinated Archduke Ferdinand2. Austria-Hungary give ultimatum

– They felt Serbia would reject it3. Alliances take effect

– Russia had to protect Serbia– Dual Alliance between Germany & Austria-Hungary

protected against Russia– Franco-Russian Military Convention=France would

help Russia if against Germany or Austria-Hungary– Britain was bound to France if at war against Germany

4. Germany “blank check”5. Serbia agrees to most terms / NOT ALL6. Austria-Hungary uses this to declare war on July 28, 1914

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Going to WarGoal: In Groups, explain the plan of your teams designated

country.

How to do this:• Research plans at

http://www.firstworldwar.com/features/plans.htm .• Put together a method to explain plan.• Explain plan in class discussion.

Section 4:The World Went to War

Page 590

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World @ War

• 31 Nations eventually enter the war• Blame will go to Germany

– They wanted to be most powerful in the world– Encouraged Austria's dispute w/ Serbia– Brought other countries

Allies Central Powers

•Britain•France•Russia•Serbia

•Germany•Austria-Hungary

Animated Map

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2 Front War

• Western Front– Germany didn’t take France quickly– Trench Warfare

• Eastern Front– Invasions from Russia– Continues to divide Germany– Armenian massacre

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Russia Out

• Sick of war– Lost lives– Food/fuel shortages

• Lenin made peace w/ Germany

Bolshevik Revolution

Video

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New Technology

• In your notebook, list weapons used in WWI from the video.

Video

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BlockadesIf you were the lawyer of a passenger on

the Lusitania, recommend which country should be sued for ruining your vacation.

Pg. 594List in your notebooks 1)who blockaded,

2)why they blockaded and 3)how this affected the Lusitania.

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U.S. Gets Involved

• Wilson warned to stop attacks

• Zimmerman Note intercepted

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How is Kiel involved in WWI?

• Open to pg. 595:

• List reasons for German decline

Section 5Victors tried to build lasting peace

Page 596

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Peace is Found?

• Based on Wilson’s Fourteen Points

• Describe Wilson’s, Lloyd George’s and George Clemenceau’s recommendations & demands

• Whose idea was the best?

• Reasons for Clemenceau’s harsh demands?

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Versailles Treaty

• Germany lost land & wealth– Mandates

• German payment

• German disarmed military

• League of Nations created

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Homework:

Which nations came out of:

• Austro-Hungarian Empire

• Ottoman Empire

• Russian Empire