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Chapter 3
Needs Assessment
Chapter 3Chapter 3
Introduction
Needs Assessment:
The process of determining learning needs and opportunities and whether training is the appropriate solution.
Chapter 3
Introduction
Pressure Points:
Things that indicate training is necessary. These “red flags” include:
•performance problems•new technology•job redesign•new legislation•new products•skill deficiencies
Chapter 3
Introduction
Pressure Points:
Performance = Ability x Motivation
1. How difficult are the tasks being assigned.2. How capable is the individual.3. How hard is the person trying to succeed.4. How much improvement is being made.
Chapter 3
Introduction
Three Levels of Analysis:
•Organizational Analysis•Person Analysis•Task Analysis
Chapter 3
Introduction
Organizational Analysis:
Determining the appropriateness of training, given the company’s business strategy, resources, and managerial and peer support for training.
Chapter 3
Introduction
Person Analysis:
Determines - -•whether deficiencies are due to a lack of
knowledge, skills, abilities; problems with motivation; or work design
•who needs training•employee’s readiness for training
Chapter 3
Introduction
Task Analysis:
Identifying the important tasks performed as well as the knowledge, skills, and behaviorsthat are required to perform those tasks.
Chapter 3
Methods used in Needs Assessment
Observation:
Involves analyzing employee’s job performance by watching them directly.
Chapter 3
Methods used in Needs Assessment
Questionnaires:
Instrument that asks employees questions about their work, coworkers, and work environment.
Chapter 3
Methods used in Needs Assessment
Technical Manuals, Printed Materials & Records:
Printed materials about company performance,technology, tasks, and business environment that can be used for needs assessment.
Chapter 3
Methods used in Needs Assessment
Interviewing:
Asking questions face-to-face to gather data. Usually done one-on-one but can be done in groups.
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The Needs Assessment Process
Organizational Analysis:
There are three factors to consider - -•Company’s strategic direction•Support of key Managers and Peers•Resources available for training
Chapter 3
The Needs Assessment Process
Organizational Analysis:
Company’s Strategic Direction - -Influences training to the extent that, in companies where training plays a significant strategic role, more money is invested in training and the training function more likely to be structured like a Corporate University or VTO.
Chapter 3
The Needs Assessment Process
Organizational Analysis:
Support of Key Managers and Peers - -•Mgrs and peers must have a positive attitude
about participation•Mgrs and peers must use new skill, behaviors
and knowledge back on the job.
Chapter 3
The Needs Assessment Process
Organizational Analysis:
Resources Available for Training - -Includes money, time and expertise allocatedfor training by the organization.
“In-house” vs. consultant/purchased options
Chapter 3
The Needs Assessment Process
Person Analysis:
Identifies who needs training by examining whether current and expected performance match.
Chapter 3
The Needs Assessment Process
Person Analysis:
Readiness for training - whether the employee can and wants to learn, the environment willmaximize learning, & performance improvementneeds are indicated.
Chapter 3
The Needs Assessment Process
Person Analysis:
A person’s motivation to learn will be impactedby the following factors:
•Person characteristics•Input - instruction & resources provided•Output - the job’s performance standards•Consequences - incentives for performance•Feedback
Chapter 3
The Needs Assessment Process
Person Analysis:
To determine if training is the best solution - -
Is it a training problem, or a performance problem?
Chapter 3
The Needs Assessment Process
Task Analysis:
Develop a description of the tasks performed ona job as well as the knowledge, skills, and abilities required to perform the job.
Chapter 3
The Needs Assessment Process
Task Analysis:
Knowledge = facts, figures and proceduresSkill = competency to perform a taskAbility = physical and mental capacities req’d.
Other considerations include equipment,environment, performance standards, safety,and time.
Chapter 3
The Needs Assessment Process
Task Analysis:
Four steps - - 1. Select job(s) to be analyzed2. Develop preliminary list of tasks performed3. SME’s validate and confirm task list4. Identify knowledge, skills, and abilities
Chapter 3
Needs Assessment Practice
After watching the following clip, you will:
Task Analysis –1. Make a list of the specific tasks performed2. Make a list of KSAs for each taskPerson Analysis – 1. Expected performance level for each task2. Rank if employee fails/meets/exceeds level3. Analyze employee’s motivation
Chapter 3
Needs Assessment Practice
