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Chapter 3:Information and Communications
Technologies:The Enterprise Architecture
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall Chapter 3 - 1
Learning objectives
1. Hardware components
2. Software types
3. Network types and protocols
4. Enterprise architecture
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Genentech
• Founded biotechnology industry; uses human
genetic code to create new medicines
• Sales reps use smartphones to access data
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Introduction
• Information and communications
technology (ICT)
• Relevance for organizations
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Hardware
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Input
• Keyboard
• Mouse and touch screen
• Microphone
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• Optical scanners and
digital cameras
• Radio frequency
identification (RFID)
• Environmental
sensors
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Scanners and sensors
Output
• Monitors and screens
• Printers and speakers
• Controllers
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Processing
• Central processing
unit (CPU)
• Transistors
• Moore’s Law
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• Bytes• Temporary storage• Permanent storage• Business factors
Storage
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• Application
• System
• Operating system
• Utility
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Types of software
How is software created?
• Programming languages
• Source code
• Object-oriented programming
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Development strategies
• Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS)
• Software as a service (SaaS)
• Custom software development
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Open source
• Criteria
• Success
• Motivation
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Networks
• Transmission media and protocols
• Wired media
• Wireless media
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Wired media
• Twisted pair wires
• Coaxial cables
• Optical fiber
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Wireless media (1:2)
• Waves• Microwave transmission• Wifi and Bluetooth
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Wireless media (2:2)
• Spectrum
• Last mile
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Types of networks (1:2)
• Local area network (LAN)• Packet switching• Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)
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Types of networks (2:2)
• Client server• Peer-to-peer
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Network protocols
• Ethernet
• TCP/IP
• Wireless
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Enterprise architecture
Trends
• Personal computers
• Client server
• Virtualization
• Cloud computing
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Guiding the architecture
• Enterprise architect
• Human element
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Summary
1. Hardware components
2. Software types
3. Network types and protocols
4. Enterprise architecture
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Einstein@home case
• Distributed architecture for data analysis
• Projects using volunteer personal computers
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Sprint case
• Need to place infrastructure to achieve 4th
generation (4G) services
• Challenges faced by Sprint
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