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Chapter 3
Colonies Take Root
Section 1: The First English Settlements
The English established colonies in North America to enrich England. Colonists came for religious freedom, land, and economic opportunities. With the help of Native Americans, Jamestown and Plymouth managed to survive. Virginia’s elected lawmaking body marked the start of representative government in North America.
Chapter Summary
Chapter 3
Colonies Take Root
Section 2: The New England Colonies
In New England, many colonies were established by people who were exiled from existing colonies because of their religious beliefs. The Puritans established the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Their intolerance for others’ beliefs spurred the creation of colonies in Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire.
Chapter Summary (continued)
Chapter 3
Colonies Take Root
Section 3: The Middle Colonies
The diverse Middle Colonies were established for religious or political reasons. New York began as the Dutch colony of New Netherland, but England soon conquered and renamed it. Part of New York split off and became New Jersey. The Quakers founded Pennsylvania as a place for people of different religions to live together in peace.
Chapter Summary (continued)
Chapter 3
Colonies Take Root
Chapter Summary (continued)
Section 4: The Southern Colonies
The plantation system, religion, and relations with Native Americans all had a strong influence on the formation of the Southern Colonies. Maryland was established as a refuge for Catholics, while Georgia was established to keep the Spanish in Florida. Life on plantations differed greatly from life in the backcountry.
Chapter 3
Colonies Take Root
Section 5: Spanish Colonies on the Borderlands
The Spanish borderland territories—which included Florida, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas—were established to keep other Europeans away from Spanish colonies in Mexico. The Spanish colonized the borderlands by establishing missions, presidios, and pueblos.
Chapter Summary (continued)
Chapter 3
Colonies Take Root
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Chapter 3
Colonies Take Root
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