Chapter 29 - Life Cycles of Flowering Plants · Web viewWind disperses pollen randomly throughout the environment, so these flowers typically make and release pollen grains by the

Chapter 29 - Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Multiple Choice

1. ____ of our food crops are the fruits of angiosperms. a. About 10% b. About 25% c. About half d. Nearly all e. Hardly anyANSWER: dDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES: 29.1 Plight of the HoneybeeLEARNING OBJECTIVES:

UDOL.STES.16.29.1 - Examine the phenomenon of the colony collapse disorder and its impact on humans and other organisms.

2. ____ may be the main factor contributing to colony collapse disorder (CCD) with honeybees. a. Herbicide use b. Insecticides use c. Habitat loss d. Disease e. Parasite infestationANSWER: cDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.1 Plight of the HoneybeeLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


3. The ____ consists of a whorl of petals. a. calyx b. sepal c. corolla d. carpel e. stamenANSWER: cDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.2 Reproductive StructuresLEARNING OBJECTIVES:

UDOL.STES.16.29.2 - Describe the structure and reproductive life cycle of a flowering plant using diagrams.

4. A flower’s parts are modified ____ that develop from a receptacle. a. epidermal cells b. asexual organs c. regions of a stem d. leaves e. ovariesANSWER: d

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1


DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES: 29.2 Reproductive StructuresLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


Figure 29.2AUse the accompanying figure to answer the following two questions.

5. The letter "B" in the accompanying figure represents the ____ a. style b. ovary c. stigma d. anther e. filamentANSWER: dDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: ApplyREFERENCES: 29.2 Reproductive StructuresPREFACE NAME: Figure 29.2ALEARNING OBJECTIVES:


6. The letter "D" in the above figure represents the ____. a. style b. ovary c. stigmaCopyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2


d. anther e. filamentANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: ApplyREFERENCES: 29.2 Reproductive StructuresPREFACE NAME: Figure 29.2ALEARNING OBJECTIVES:


7. A stamen is ____. a. composed of a stigma, a style, and an ovary b. the mature male gametophyte c. composed of an anther and filament d. part of the vegetative phase of an angiosperm e. the structure that gives rise to the female gametophyteANSWER: cDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.2 Reproductive StructuresLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


8. The calyx is composed of ____. a. petals b. sepals c. stigmas d. ovules e. anthersANSWER: bDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES: 29.2 Reproductive StructuresLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


9. Inside the corolla is a whorl of ____, the organs that produce male gametophytes. a. sepals b. petals c. carpels d. ovaries e. stamensANSWER: eDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES: 29.2 Reproductive StructuresLEARNING OBJECTIVES:




10. A flower that lacks one or more of the four types of modified leaves is referred to as ____. a. perfect b. imperfect c. complete d. incomplete e. irregularANSWER: dDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES: 29.2 Reproductive StructuresLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


11. Which flower trait is associated with butterfly pollination? a. bowl-shaped, closed during the day b. strong, musty smells emitted at night c. absence of nectar d. dull flower colors, such as white or green e. bright flower colors, such as red and purpleANSWER: eDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.3 Flowers and Their PollinatorsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:

UDOL.STES.16.29.3 - Discuss the role played by pollinators in propagating a flower species using examples.

12. ____-pollinated flowers are typically small, nonfragrant, and green, with large stigmas and insignificant petals or sepals. a. Bee b. Bird c. Bat d. Wind e. WaterANSWER: dDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: ApplyREFERENCES: 29.3 Flowers and Their PollinatorsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


13. Which of the following structures gives rise to endosperm? a. zygote formed from the fusion of a sperm and an egg b. triploid cell formed during double fertilization c. inner wall of the ovary d. cytoplasm of the megaspore e. cytoplasm of the microsporeANSWER: bDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Apply



REFERENCES: 29.4 A New Generation BeginsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:

UDOL.STES.16.29.5 - Outline the steps involved in the life cycle of a sexually reproducing eudicot plant using a diagram.

14. What do gametes, spores, and the gametophyte generation have in common? a. They are all diploid. b. They are all haploid. c. They are present in vascular plants only. d. They are all produced by meiosis. e. They are all triploid.ANSWER: bDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: AnalyzeREFERENCES: 29.4 A New Generation BeginsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


15. A pollen tube together with its contents of male gametes constitutes the ____. a. male reproductive organ b. endosperm mother cell c. mature male sporophyte d. immature male gametophyte e. mature male gametophyteANSWER: eDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES: 29.4 A New Generation BeginsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


16. The megaspore produces a gametophyte with ____ cells. a. 2 b. 7 c. 8 d. 14 e. 16ANSWER: bDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.4 A New Generation BeginsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


17. The production of female gametes begins when a mass of tissue, called the ____, starts growing on the inner wall of an ovary. a. zygote b. ovule c. endosperm



d. carpel e. stigmaANSWER: bDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.4 A New Generation BeginsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


Figure 29.9Use the accompanying figure to answer the following four questions.

18. Meiosis is indicated by the letter ____. a. A b. B c. CCopyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6


d. D e. EANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: AnalyzeREFERENCES: 29.4 A New Generation BeginsPREFACE NAME: Figure 29.9LEARNING OBJECTIVES:


19. Sperm cells are indicated by the letter ____. a. A b. B c. C d. D e. EANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: AnalyzeREFERENCES: 29.4 A New Generation BeginsPREFACE NAME: Figure 29.9LEARNING OBJECTIVES:


20. The mature male gametophyte is indicated by the letter ____. a. A b. B c. C d. D e. EANSWER: dDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: AnalyzeREFERENCES: 29.4 A New Generation BeginsPREFACE NAME: Figure 29.9LEARNING OBJECTIVES:


21. Microspores are indicated by the letter ____. a. A b. B c. C d. D e. EANSWER: bDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: AnalyzeREFERENCES: 29.4 A New Generation BeginsPREFACE NAME: Figure 29.9Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7


LEARNING OBJECTIVES:


22. "Double fertilization" produces nutrient tissue by the union of ____. a. two egg nuclei and one sperm nucleus b. two sperm nuclei and one egg nucleus c. two sperm nuclei and two egg nuclei d. one sperm nucleus and endosperm mother cell nuclei e. two sperm nuclei and one endosperm mother cell nucleusANSWER: dDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.4 A New Generation BeginsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


23. The endosperm of a plant ____. a. is the food supply for the new sporophyte plant b. is composed of haploid tissue c. protects the young embryo within a seed d. provides a connection between the ovary of a flower and a developing seed e. produces sperm cellsANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.4 A New Generation BeginsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


24. A pollen grain coat is composed of which of the following? a. sporopollenin b. cellulose c. peptidoglycan d. exopolysaccharides e. integumentsANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.5 Flower SexLEARNING OBJECTIVES:

UDOL.STES.16.29.6 - Examine the role played by cell signaling in the germination of pollen grains after successful pollination.

25. Adhesion proteins and ____ help guide the growth of the pollen tube in the proper direction towards the egg. a. differentiation upon contact with the flower b. exposure to moisture c. cell signaling pathways d. electromagnetic impulses from the flower e. insertion of the pollen tube



ANSWER: cDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: ApplyREFERENCES: 29.5 Flower SexLEARNING OBJECTIVES:

UDOL.STES.16.29.6 - Examine the role played by cell signaling in the germination of pollen grains after successful pollination.

26. The seed is produced by the maturation of the ____. a. embryo b. ovule c. ovary d. sperm e. pollenANSWER: bDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.6 Seed FormationLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.29.7 - Outline the formation of a seed.

Figure 29.12 CUse the accompanying figure of a Capsella seed to answer the following three questions.

27. A cotyledon is indicated by the letter ____. a. A b. B c. C d. D e. EANSWER: dDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.6 Seed FormationPREFACE NAME: Figure 29.12CLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.29.7 - Outline the formation of a seed.



28. The embryonic root tip is indicated by the letter ____. a. A b. B c. C d. D e. EANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.6 Seed FormationPREFACE NAME: Figure 29.12CLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.29.7 - Outline the formation of a seed.

29. The embryonic shoot tip is indicated by the letter ____. a. A b. B c. C d. D e. EANSWER: eDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.6 Seed FormationPREFACE NAME: Figure 29.12CLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.29.7 - Outline the formation of a seed.

30. What kind of fruit is formed from the fusion of individually pollinated flowers? a. aggregate b. simple c. multiple d. fleshy e. dryANSWER: cDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.7 FruitsLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.29.10 - Describe the function of a fruit.

31. What type of fruit is a tomato? a. dehiscent b. berry c. drupe d. indehiscent e. pomeANSWER: bDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Remember



REFERENCES: 29.7 FruitsLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.29.10 - Describe the function of a fruit.

32. What type of fruit is a blackberry? a. an aggregate of many drupes b. an aggregate of many indehiscent fruits c. an aggregate of many small berries d. a multiple of small berries e. a multiple of small pomesANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.7 FruitsLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.29.10 - Describe the function of a fruit.

33. Most of the flesh of an apple is an enlarged ____. a. receptacle b. carpel c. drupe d. pepo e. hesperidiumANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.7 FruitsLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.29.9 - Examine the characteristics of a fruit using examples.

34. Fleshy fruits with hard seed coats, such as cherries, are more likely to be dispersed by ____ than by other means. a. wind b. adhering to animal fur c. passing through animal guts d. falling to the ground, rotting, and releasing their seeds e. water currentsANSWER: cDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: ApplyREFERENCES: 29.7 FruitsLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.29.9 - Examine the characteristics of a fruit using examples.

35. The process of germination begins with ____. a. one sperm cell fusing with an egg b. one sperm cell fusing with the endosperm mother cell c. pollen landing on a stigma d. water soaking into soil e. water seeping into a seedANSWER: eDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: Apply



REFERENCES: 29.8 Early DevelopmentLEARNING OBJECTIVES:

UDOL.STES.16.29.11 - Examine the early growth of plants from dormant seeds to the germination of seeds.

36. What causes the hypocotyl of dicots to straighten? a. light b. gravity c. wind d. wind e. soilANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.8 Early DevelopmentLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


37. What structure protects the embryonic shoot of many monocots? a. coleoptile b. hypocotyl c. cotyledon d. endosperm e. radicleANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.8 Early DevelopmentLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


38. Adventitious shoots that sprout from shallow lateral roots are called ____. a. grafts b. pericyle extensions c. stem fragments d. cuttings e. suckersANSWER: aDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES: 29.9 Asexual Reproduction of Flowering PlantsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:

UDOL.STES.16.29.12 - Examine the various methods used to manipulate plants for agricultural applications.

39. Almost all houseplants are clones that have been grown from ____ of a parent plant. a. Seeds b. cuttings c. suckers d. grafts



e. fruitsANSWER: bDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES: 29.9 Asexual Reproduction of Flowering PlantsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


40. With ____, individual cells can be coaxed to divide and form embryos in a laboratory. a. in vitro fertilization b. sexual reproduction c. tissue culture propagation d. vegetative reproduction e. graftingANSWER: cDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.9 Asexual Reproduction of Flowering PlantsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


Matching

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a. haploid cell that gives rise to pollen grainb. releases two sperm cells when it reaches and penetrates female gametophytec. develops into a fruit at maturityd. created from a triploid cell that is produced when one sperm cell fuses with the endosperm mother celle. reproductive organs that produce the plant’s male gametophytesf. modified leaf with pigments and fragrance-producing cellsg. immature male gametophyteh. female reproductive organi. landing platform for pollenj. contains pollen sacsk. forms in an ovule and gives rise to a female gametophytel. outermost whorl of leaf parts on a receptacle; generally green, but sometimes pigmentedm. region of carpel that receives pollen grainsn. arrival of pollen on a receptive stigmao. forms a seed at maturityDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: AnalyzeREFERENCES: 29.2 Reproductive StructuresLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


41. stamenANSWER: e

42. antherCopyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 13


ANSWER: j

43. carpelANSWER: h

44. stigmaANSWER: m

45. petalANSWER: f

46. pollen grainANSWER: g

47. sepalANSWER: l

48. stigmaANSWER: i

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a. haploid cell that gives rise to pollen grainb. releases two sperm cells when it reaches and penetrates female gametophytec. develops into a fruit at maturityd. created from a triploid cell that is produced when one sperm cell fuses with the endosperm mother celle. reproductive organs that produce the plant’s male gametophytesf. modified leaf with pigments and fragrance-producing cellsg. immature male gametophyteh. female reproductive organi. landing platform for pollenj. contains pollen sacsk. forms in an ovule and gives rise to a female gametophytel. outermost whorl of leaf parts on a receptacle; generally green, but sometimes pigmentedm. region of carpel that receives pollen grainsn. arrival of pollen on a receptive stigmao. forms a seed at maturityDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: AnalyzeREFERENCES: 29.3 Flowers and Their PollinatorsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


49. pollinationANSWER: n

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a. haploid cell that gives rise to pollen grainb. releases two sperm cells when it reaches and penetrates female gametophyteCopyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 14


c. develops into a fruit at maturityd. created from a triploid cell that is produced when one sperm cell fuses with the endosperm mother celle. reproductive organs that produce the plant’s male gametophytesf. modified leaf with pigments and fragrance-producing cellsg. immature male gametophyteh. female reproductive organi. landing platform for pollenj. contains pollen sacsk. forms in an ovule and gives rise to a female gametophytel. outermost whorl of leaf parts on a receptacle; generally green, but sometimes pigmentedm. region of carpel that receives pollen grainsn. arrival of pollen on a receptive stigmao. forms a seed at maturityDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: AnalyzeREFERENCES: 29.4 A New Generation BeginsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


50. endospermANSWER: d

51. megasporeANSWER: k

52. microsporeANSWER: a

53. pollen tubeANSWER: b

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a. haploid cell that gives rise to pollen grainb. releases two sperm cells when it reaches and penetrates female gametophytec. develops into a fruit at maturityd. created from a triploid cell that is produced when one sperm cell fuses with the endosperm mother celle. reproductive organs that produce the plant’s male gametophytesf. modified leaf with pigments and fragrance-producing cellsg. immature male gametophyteh. female reproductive organi. landing platform for pollenj. contains pollen sacsk. forms in an ovule and gives rise to a female gametophytel. outermost whorl of leaf parts on a receptacle; generally green, but sometimes pigmentedm. region of carpel that receives pollen grainsn. arrival of pollen on a receptive stigma



o. forms a seed at maturityDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: AnalyzeREFERENCES: 29.6 Seed FormationLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.29.7 - Outline the formation of a seed.

54. ovuleANSWER: o

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.a. haploid cell that gives rise to pollen grainb. releases two sperm cells when it reaches and penetrates female gametophytec. develops into a fruit at maturityd. created from a triploid cell that is produced when one sperm cell fuses with the endosperm mother celle. reproductive organs that produce the plant’s male gametophytesf. modified leaf with pigments and fragrance-producing cellsg. immature male gametophyteh. female reproductive organi. landing platform for pollenj. contains pollen sacsk. forms in an ovule and gives rise to a female gametophytel. outermost whorl of leaf parts on a receptacle; generally green, but sometimes pigmentedm. region of carpel that receives pollen grainsn. arrival of pollen on a receptive stigmao. forms a seed at maturityDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: AnalyzeREFERENCES: 29.6 Seed FormationLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.29.7 - Outline the formation of a seed.

55. ovaryANSWER: c

Classification. Respond to the following statements with reference to the fruit types listed below.a. dehiscentb. indehiscentc. druped. berrye. pomeDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: ApplyREFERENCES: 29.7 FruitsLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.29.9 - Examine the characteristics of a fruit using examples.

56. A strawberry is an aggregate of many of these types of fruits.ANSWER: b

57. This is a fleshy fruit with one seed enclosed by a hard pit.ANSWER: cCopyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 16


58. The wall of this type of fruit splits along a seam to release the seeds inside when they are mature.ANSWER: a

59. This fleshy fruit often has many seeds and no pit.ANSWER: d

60. This is a fleshy fruit in which tissues derived from the receptacle enclose a core derived from the ovary wall.ANSWER: e

Classification. Respond to the following statements with reference to the flower parts listed below.a. megasporeb. microsporec. ovuled. ovarye. seedDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: AnalyzeREFERENCES: 29.2 Reproductive StructuresLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


61. Ovules form inside this structure.ANSWER: d

62. Structure in which a female gametophyte forms.ANSWER: c

Classification. Respond to the following statements with reference to the flower parts listed below.a. megasporeb. microsporec. ovuled. ovarye. seedDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: AnalyzeREFERENCES: 29.4 A New Generation BeginsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


63. Haploid cell that gives rise to the female gametophyte.ANSWER: a

64. Mitosis and differentiation of this structure produces pollen grains.ANSWER: b

Classification. Respond to the following statements with reference to the flower parts listed below.a. megasporeb. microspore



c. ovuled. ovarye. seedDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: AnalyzeREFERENCES: 29.6 Seed FormationLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.29.7 - Outline the formation of a seed.

65. Embryo sporophyte packaged with nutritive tissue inside a protective coat.ANSWER: e

DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: ApplyREFERENCES: 29.2 Reproductive StructureLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


66. ovuleANSWER: k



67. petalANSWER: h

68. stamenANSWER: a

69. filamentANSWER: c

70. styleANSWER: f

71. stigmaANSWER: e

72. sepalANSWER: i

73. ovaryANSWER: g

74. antherANSWER: d

75. carpelANSWER: b

76. receptacleANSWER: j

Completion

77. Flowering plants rose to dominance in part because they __________ with animal pollinators.ANSWER: coevolvedDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: understandREFERENCES: 29.1 Plight of the HoneybeeLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


78. __________ are the specialized reproductive structures of angiosperms.ANSWER: FlowersDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES: 29.2 Reproductive StructuresLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


79. A cherry blossom has all four sets of modified leaves (sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels), so it is called a __________ flower.



ANSWER: completeDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.2 Reproductive StructuresLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


80. Many flowers exude a sweet fluid called __________ that is prized by many pollinators.ANSWER: nectarDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES: 29.3 Flowers and Their PollinatorsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


81. The production of female gametes begins when a mass of tissue, called the ovule, starts growing on the inner wall of a(n) __________.ANSWER: ovaryDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.4 A New Generation BeginsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


82. __________ is the arrival of pollen grains on a receptive stigma.ANSWER: PollinationDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES: 29.3 Flowers and Their PollinatorsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


83. In __________, one of the sperm cells in the pollen tube fertilizes the egg, forming a diploid zygote; the other fuses with the endosperm mother cell, forming a triploid cell.ANSWER: double fertilizationDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES: 29.4 A New Generation BeginsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


84. Eudicot embryos transfer nutrients from endosperm to their two __________.ANSWER: cotyledonsDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.6 Seed FormationLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.29.7 - Outline the formation of a seed.

85. Many species of flowering plants reproduce asexually by __________.ANSWER: vegetative reproductionDIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: RememberREFERENCES: 29.9 Asexual Reproduction of Flowering Plants



LEARNING OBJECTIVES:


Subjective Short Answer

86. Describe where pollen grains are produced in a plant.ANSWER: A typical anther contains four pouches called pollen sacs. Pollen grains, which are immature male

gametophytes, form inside pollen sacs.DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: ApplyREFERENCES: 29.2 Reproductive StructuresLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


87. Explain why some flowers, such as cherry blossoms, are described as being perfect, complete flowers.ANSWER: A cherry blossom has all four sets of modified leaves (sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels), so it is

called a “complete” flower. Cherry blossoms are also “perfect” flowers, which means they have both stamens and carpels.

DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: UnderstandREFERENCES: 29.2 Reproductive StructuresLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


88. Describe what a typical wind-pollinated flower looks like.ANSWER: Wind-pollinated flowers are typically small, nonfragrant, and green, with large stigmas and

insignificant petals or sepals. Wind disperses pollen randomly throughout the environment, so these flowers typically make and release pollen grains by the billions, insurance in numbers that some of their pollen will reach a receptive stigma.

DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: ApplyREFERENCES: 29.3 Flowers and Their PollinatorsLEARNING OBJECTIVES:


89. Seeds can be described as ‘a little plant in a box with its lunch’. Which parts of the seed correspond to the elements of this description?ANSWER: The ‘little plant’ is the embryo. The ‘box’ is the seed coat. The ‘lunch’ is the endosperm.DIFFICULTY: Bloom’s: ApplyREFERENCES: 29.6 Seed FormationLEARNING OBJECTIVES: UDOL.STES.16.29.7 - Outline the formation of a seed.


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Chapter 29 - Life Cycles of Flowering Plants · Web viewWind disperses pollen randomly throughout the environment, so these flowers typically make and release pollen grains by the