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Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement Writers often use pronouns to take
the place of nouns. If you do this, you must be certain
that each pronoun agrees with the noun it refers to.
Example:– The photographs meant a great deal to him
because they belonged to his grandmother.
– [Photographs is the antecedent of they, which is third person plural.]
Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
Pronouns and antecedents mustagree in person and number.
Error in Person:If a person wants to become a portrait photographer, you must have the proper equipment for lighting.
Revised:If a person wants to
become a photographer,he must have the
proper equipment forlighting.
Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
Pronouns and antecedents must agree in person and
number.
Error in Number:When a student videotapes a sporting event,
they often miss some of the action.
Revised: When a student videotapes a sporting event, he often misses some of the action.
Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
Avoid sexism– Be consistent in use of gender.– Avoid sexist pronouns.
To avoid sexism, use alternatives to the generic he.– Use masculine and feminine pronouns
together.– Revise the sentence by using the plural.– Reconstruct to eliminate the pronoun.
If a pronoun does not refer to a specific word, it may be unclear.◦Example: Mark told Todd that he needed to buy film.
Did Mark or Todd need to buy film?
Pronoun Reference
Pronoun Reference If a pronoun does not refer to a
specific word, it may be unclear.◦Example: The editor told the staff members not to mail the photographs because they were too important.
What does they refer too?
Checkpoints
3. Compound antecedents require a plural pronoun
The zoom lens and the wide-angle lens require special situations for their use.
Incorrect: Anyone can be
successful in school if they make the right choices.
Practice Review Revision:
◦ Anyone can be successful in school if she makes the right choices.
Or◦ Students can be
successful in school if they make the right choices.
Incorrect: Students should
copy the material that the instructor writes on the board, and you should review these notes within 24 hours.
The subject shifts to you when the subject was students.
Review Revision:
◦ Students should copy the material that the instructor writes on the board, and they should review these notes within 24 hours.
Incorrect: Jamie dropped the
heavy camera on her foot and broke it.
Did the camera break or did her foot?
Review Revision
◦ The camera broke when Jamie dropped it on her foot.
Pronoun Types
Let’s take a look at three types of pronouns:
Subject and Object PronounsPossessive PronounsDemonstrative Pronouns
Copyright © Concorde Career Colleges 2013-2014. All Rights Reserved.
Subject and Object Pronouns
I youhe, she, itwethey
meyou (no change)him, her, itusthem
Subject Pronouns are the subjects of verbs.
Object Pronouns are the objects of verbs or prepositions.
. . . are the subjects of verbs.
Examples:I am about to leave.You shouldn’t do that.She told you so.We agree with her.They do, too.
Subject Pronouns…There are a few
rules to keep in mind about subject pronouns:
Rule 1: Use a subject pronoun in spots where you have more than one subject. . . .
Rule 1: Use a subject pronoun in spots where you have more than one subject. . . .
Incorrect:My sister and me are
about to go to Spain.
Subject PronounsCorrect:My sister and I are
about to go to Spain.
Hint:
Separate the pronouns. You wouldn’t say, “Me am about to go to Spain.” Would you?
Rule 2: Use a subject pronoun after forms of the verb “be.”
Incorrect:It is him.
Subject Pronouns
Correct:It is he.
Hint:
Reword the sentence:
He is here.
Rule 3: Use a subject pronoun after than or as.
Incorrect:We don’t need as
much attention as them.
Subject Pronouns…Correct:We don’t need as
much attention as they.
Hint:
Mentally add the “missing” verb at the end: We don’t need as much attention as they (do).
. . .are the objects of verbs or prepositions.
Incorrect:I loaned ten dollars
to his wife and he.
The pronoun here is the object of the preposition “to.”
Object Pronouns…Correct:I loaned ten dollars
to his wife and him.
Hint:
Try the pronoun by itself:
I loaned ten dollars to him.
. . . show ownership or possession.
Here’s a list of Possessive Pronouns:my, mine our, oursyour, yoursyour, yourshis their, theirsher, hersits
Possessive Pronouns…
Note: A possessive pronoun NEVER uses an apostrophe
Incorrect:
That BMW is hers’.
Correct:
That BMW is hers.
Possessive Pronouns… Note: A
possessive pronoun NEVER uses an apostrophe